Search

In order to examine what lessons radiological emergency management may offer to the Covid-19 pandemic management and vice versa, a series of three online webinars were conducted with leading experts, scholars and practitioners from a wide range of disciplines essential for emergency management and long-term risk governance. The first webinar debated the lessons we are learning from the Covid-19 pandemic for radiological risk communication, the second explored issues around longer-term outcomes of a crisis and how to balance these with short-term actions whilst the third focused on the key challenges of the 'transition phase', using learning from Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima Daichii (2011) accidents. This paper reviews the discussion and provides valuable lessons for the radiation protection community. Results of the discussion indicated that: i) non-radiological and non-epidemiological consequences of emergencies, e.g. psychological (mental health), societal and economic, should not be underestimated; ii) multidisciplinary expertise is imperative for communication efforts and for effective emergency management, including decision-making in the application of protective measures; iii) stakeholder engagement, including the involvement of the potentially affected population, should be encouraged from an early stage and iv) trust is increased if policy-makers and main science agencies show a unified voice.

This deliverable can serve as a catalogue of methodological aspects in quantitative, qualitative and mixed method research related to radon and NORM exposure situations. Moreover, the results of this review will support development of methodological guidelines for investigating affected populations and stakeholders with special attention to different socio-political and cultural environments in the other tasks of the RadoNorm project. It will also contribute to development of the new and state-of-the-art methods and approaches to better address technical, health and societal aspects of radon and NORM exposure situations.

The most widespread quantitative tool for social scientific data gathering is a survey. Surveys –if designed and executed properly- allow for the projection of information gathered among a sample of respondents to the broader population to which this sample belongs. The focus is on gathering data which is generalizable to a larger population, through standardized procedures and questions. However, there are important variations in how surveys can be set up and applied, ranging from the sampling method to the content of the questions and the ways in which they will be presented to respondents. The development of quantitative tools in RadoNorm WP6 therefore aims to design and test surveys which provide implementable and valid means for assessing populations’ perceptions, opinions, awareness, motivations, attitudes and behaviours with regard to radon and NORM. Surveys will be applied and tested in eight different European countries. A first test, the pilot study, took place at the end of 2020 in Belgium. This working document reports results from this pilot study on public opinion survey(s) conducted in Belgium. The document provides information of a technical / statistical nature in order to evaluate and improve radon measurement scales, in general, and RadoNorm questionnaires, in particular.

International audience; BackgroundTERRITORIES, part of the H2020 Program CONCERT, is a 3-year-project (2017-2019), involving 11 partners, from 8 European countries. The scope of this project includes existing exposure situations due to NORM, and due to nuclear accident (long-term).MethodsAll deliverables are published on the TERRITORIES website, https://territories.eu/. Among them, 7 were due end of June 2019:•D9.63: Guidance about exposure scenario (not developed here, cf. a case-study presented by Bertho et al., RICOMET session 10),•D9.64: Social and ethical aspects linked to monitoring and modelling: a Socio-Technical Integration Research approach (cf. part of the work also presented by Lopez-Asensio et al., RICOMET session 3),•D9.66: Results of a stakeholders panel about an hypothetical post-accidental situation,•D9.67 and D9.68: Results of 2 stakeholders panels about NORM situations (cf. part of the work also presented by Sala et al., RICOMET session 7, and a related review by Popic et al., same session),•D9.69: Results of a Pathway Evaluation Process (PEP) session organized with stakeholders about an hypothetical post-accidental situation,•D9.70: Framework for socio-economic analysis, i.e. Cost-benefit Analysis (CBA) and Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA)ResultsHolism (from Greek ὅλος "all, whole, entire") is the idea that a system and its properties should be viewed as a whole, not just as a collection of parts. In the context of the TERRITORIES project, this is for example understood as:•a multi-disciplinary approach, e.g. having social scientists and scientists involved in monitoring and modelling working together, for their mutual benefit, cf. D9.64,•assessing as a whole all of the decision criteria (or costs and benefits, including non-monetary ones) for decision-making about remediation, cf. D9.70,•engagement of all stakeholders, through various tools to structure dialogue, cf. D9.66 to D9.70,•considering all aspects of life in contaminated territories, including quality of life (cf D9.66), dignity of life (cf. D9.69), or recovery of sustainable socio-economic activity (cf. D9.66).

V nekaj desetletjih, od nastanka prvih spletnih mest, se je splet preoblikoval iz preprostega prebiranja besedila in preverjanja elektronske pošte, do ključnega komunikacijskega in informacijskega orodja. Vedno več ljudi se namreč za informacije obrača na splet. Zato se pojavlja vedno večja potreba po spletnih mestih. Vsebina spletnega mesta je razdeljena na posamezne spletne strani, da bi preprečila preveliko obremenjenost uporabnika z preveliko količino informacij. Poznavanje jezikov spletnega programiranja lahko predstavlja precejšnjo oviro pri izdelavi spletnega mesta. Vendar je na srečo na voljo vedno več brezplačnih ali plačljivih orodij za izdelavo sodobnih, odzivnih spletnih mest. Za uporabo takšnih orodij poznavanje spletnih programskih jezikov kot so HTML, CSS ali JavaScript ni potrebno, ali pa je le delno potrebno – zato takšna orodja vedno bolj pridobivajo na svoji priljubljenosti, ker lahko z njimi enostavno in hitro izdelamo spletno mesto, ki ima profesionalni izgled in veliko funkcionalnosti. Seveda moramo pri izdelavi spletnega mesta z orodjem prav tako upoštevati pravila oblikovanja, dostopnosti, odzivnosti, uporabniške izkušnje in ostala načela dobrih spletnih mest. V tem magistrskem delu smo predstavili definicije spletnih mest, vrste spletnih mest, njihovo strukturo, kakšna so načela dobrih spletnih mest, uporabniško izkušnjo, odzivnost in optimizacijo. Opredelili smo faze izdelave spletnih mest in možne metodologije razvoja. Nato smo razdelali razlike med uporabo orodij in spletnega programiranja za razvoj in oblikovanje spletni mest. Opredelili smo kako poteka testiranje spletnega mesta, njegovo lansiranje in nadaljnje vzdrževanje. Obravnavali smo izdelavo spletnega mesta na primeru katedre za e-poslovanje. Katedra za e-poslovanje se je odločila za izgradnjo spletnega mesta z orodjem. Vedno več študentov se odloča za študij na podlagi informacij, ki jih lahko pridobijo na spletu. Namen spletnega mesta je privabiti bodoče študente, informirati zdajšnje študente, nadaljnji stik s bivšimi diplomanti, ki lahko na tak način ostanejo na tekočem glede aktivnosti katedre, nuditi informacije poslovnim partnerjem in predstaviti svoje delo širši javnosti. Analizirali smo orodja Sharepoint, Wordpress in Wix. Slednje orodje je bilo izbrano za razvoj in oblikovanje, ker omogoča hitro izdelavo in vzdrževanje ter je preprost za uporabo s svojim uporabniškim vmesnikom. Predstavili smo zasnovo strukture spletnega mesta, njegovo izdelavo, testiranje in optimizacijo ter potek lansiranja in nadaljnjega vzdrževanja. Podali smo oceno celotnega projekta in predloge za izboljšave. Within a few decades, since the creation of the first websites, the web has been transformed from simple text and e-mail reading tool to a key communication and information tool. More and more people are turning to the web for information. Therefore, there is a growing need for websites. The contents of the website are divided into single web pages to avoid the overload of the user with an excessive amount of information. Knowledge of web programming languages can be a significant obstacle in creating a website. Fortunately, there are many free or payable tools to help with creating modern, responsive websites. To use such tools, knowledge of web programming languages such as HTML, CSS or JavaScript is not necessary or it is only partially necessary – therefore, such tools are gaining in popularity as they can easily and quickly create a website that has a professional feel and a lot of functionalities. When creating a website with the website tools, we also have to follow the rules of design, availability, responsiveness, user experience and other principles of good websites. In this master's thesis, we have presented the definitions of websites, types of websites, their structure, principles of a good website, user experience, responsiveness and optimization. We defined the phases of website development and possible development methodologies. We then worked out the differences between using tools and web programming to develop and design websites. We have defined how the website's testing, its launch, and continued maintenance are conducted. We researched the creation of a website on the example of the e-business department. The e-business department decided to build a website using a website tool. More and more students choose their field of study based on the information they can obtain online. The purpose of the website is to attract future students, inform current students, further contact with former graduates who can keep up-to-date with the activities of the department, provide information to department’s business partners, and to present their work to the general public. We analysed Sharepoint, Wordpress and Wix tools. The selected website tool for development and design was eventually Wix, because it enables fast construction and maintenance, and is easy to use with its user interface. We presented the design of the website structure, its construction, testing and optimization, and the process of launching and ongoing maintenance. We provided an assessment of the overall project and suggestions for improvements.