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Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning describe a broad range of algorithm types that can be trained based on datasets to make predictions. The increasing sophistication of AI has created new opportunities to apply these algorithms within within trauma care. Our paper overviews the current uses of AI along the continuum of trauma care, including injury prediction, triage, emergency department volume, assessment, and outcomes. Starting at the point of injury, algorithms are being used to predict severity of motor vehicle crashes, which can help inform emergency responses. Once on the scene, AI can be used to help emergency services triage patients remotely in order to inform transfer location and urgency. For the receiving hospital, these tools can be used to predict trauma volumes in the emergency department to help allocate appropriate staffing. After patient arrival to hospital, these algorithms not only can help to predict injury severity, which can inform decision-making, but also predict patient outcomes to help trauma teams anticipate patient trajectory. Overall, these tools have the capability to transform trauma care. AI is still nascent within the trauma surgery sphere, but this body of the literature shows that this technology has vast potential. AI-based predictive tools in trauma need to be explored further through prospective trials and clinical validation of algorithms.

Poleward range shifts are a global‐scale response to warming, but these vary greatly among taxa and are hard to predict for individual species, localized regions or over shorter (years to decadal) timescales. Moving poleward might be easier in the Arctic than in the Southern Ocean, where evidence for range shifts is sparse and contradictory. Here, we compiled a database of larval Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba and, together with an adult database, it showed how their range shift is out of step with the pace of warming. During a 70‐year period of rapid warming (1920s–1990s), distribution centres of both larvae and adults in the SW Atlantic sector remained fixed, despite warming by 0.5–1.0°C and losing sea ice. This was followed by a hiatus in surface warming and ice loss, yet during this period the distributions of krill life stages shifted greatly, by ~1000 km, to the south‐west. Understanding the mechanism of such step changes is essential, since they herald system reorganizations that are hard to predict with current modelling approaches. We propose that the abrupt shift was driven by climatic controls acting on localized recruitment hotspots, superimposed on thermal niche conservatism. During the warming hiatus, the Southern Annular Mode index continued to become increasingly positive and, likely through reduced feeding success for larvae, this led to a precipitous decline in recruitment from the main reproduction hotspot along the southern Scotia Arc. This cut replenishment to the northern portion of the krill stock, as evidenced by declining density and swarm frequency. Concomitantly, a new, southern reproduction area developed after the 1990s, reinforcing the range shift despite the lack of surface warming. New spawning hotspots may provide the stepping stones needed for range shifts into polar regions, so planning of climate‐ready marine protected areas should include these key areas of future habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Assess executive and socio-emotional/behavioural functioning in paediatric supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) patients.Methods: SVT patients aged 7-17 who had not undergone catheter ablation were included. Parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL/6-18) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF). Participants age 11-17 years completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR/11-18) and the BRIEF Self-Report (BRIEF-SR). One-sample z test was used to compare questionnaire results to the average t-score range (M = 50, SD = 10).Results: Thirty (18 female) children/adolescents participated (M = 12.6 years old, SD = 3.2 years) with a mean SVT onset age of 7 years (SD = 4.3 years). BRIEF and BRIEF-SR results suggested no difference in executive functioning from average. Mean t-scores of CBCL/6-18 and YSR/11-18 subscales Anxious/Depressed, Withdrawn/Depressed, Somatic Complaints, Thought Problems, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Affective Problems, DSM Anxiety Problems and DSM Somatic Problems were significantly elevated compared to average. YSR/11-18 subscales Social Problems, Attention Problems, Internalizing Problems, DSM ADHD Problems and DSM Oppositional Defiant Problems had elevated mean t-scores compared to average. Effect sizes were small to medium (0.2 ≤ d ≤ 0.8).Conclusion: Paediatric patients with SVT potentially have a greater risk of developing behaviour, especially internalizing, problems compared to similarly aged children/adolescents without SVT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies institutionalized sexism in universities through cases of geographically bound academic women. Impact of the patriarchal value system of universities on academic women; Significance of geographic mobility in understanding academic mobility.

We present a genome assembly from an individual Syngnathus acus (the greater pipefish; Chordata; Actinopteri; Syngnathiformes; Syngnathidae). The genome sequence is 359.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 22 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.5 kilobases in length., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2023 Scott-Somme K et al.)