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School-based screening instruments have traditionally focused on assessing within-child factors, such as a student's academic, social, emotional, behavioral, or physical development. This emphasis in school-based screening may be a missed opportunity to assess and ameliorate contextual factors (i.e., social determinants of health) influencing child development. In this scoping review, we aim to describe the current landscape of screening for social determinants of health (SDOH) in school settings. Following established practices for scoping reviews, we searched PsycInfo, ERIC, and CINAHL Plus in December 2022 for articles describing the development or use of an SDOH measure in a school setting. From each eligible article, two coders independently extracted (1) study characteristics, (2) measure characteristics, (3) available psychometric or usability information, and (4) reported outcomes of measure implementation. Descriptive and content analyses were used to examine data. We identified six articles describing the development or use of SDOH measures in elementary, high school, or university settings. These articles yielded six unique SDOH measures, intended for either adolescent or young adult self-report, caregiver proxy-report, or both. Measures included 6-25 SDOH items, with additional items assessing demographics, health behaviors, or mental health (e.g., depression). Reported outcomes included increased referrals to services and implementation of school-based supports to reduce social risk (e.g., school food pantry). We discuss next steps for research evaluating the feasibility and social consequences of school-based SDOH screening.

Long-term humoral immunity is mediated by short-lived plasma cells (replenished by memory B cells) and long-lived plasma cells. Their relative contributions are uncertain for immunity to SARS-CoV-2, especially given the widespread use of novel mRNA vaccines. Yet, this has far-reaching implications in terms of the need for regular booster doses in the general population and perhaps even revaccination in patients receiving B cell-depleting therapy. We aimed to characterise anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titres in patients receiving Rituximab following previous SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We recruited 10 fully vaccinated patients (age: 16.9 ± 2.52 years) with childhood-onset nephrotic syndrome, not in relapse, receiving Rituximab for their steroid/calcineurin-inhibitor sparing effect. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were measured immediately prior to Rituximab and again ~6 months later, using the Roche Elecys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S) assay. All ten patients were positive for anti-S antibodies prior to Rituximab, with six patients (60%) having titres above the upper limit of detection (>12,500 U/mL). Following Rituximab therapy, there was a reduction in anti-S titres (p = 0.043), but all patients remained positive for anti-S antibodies, with five patients (50%) continuing to have titres >12,500 U/mL. Six patients (60%) were positive for anti-N antibodies prior to Rituximab. Following Rituximab therapy, only three of these six patients remained positive for anti-N antibodies (p = 0.036 compared to anti-S seroreversion). Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is likely to be mediated in part by long-lived plasma cells.

The health and well-being of transgender, non-binary, and gender-diverse people is receiving increasing attention from epidemiologists and public health researchers, including those utilizing longitudinal observational cohort studies. These longitudinal studies are advantageous over cross-sectional observational study designs given their scope over several timepoints rather than one, and when exposures and outcomes are prospectively measured this improves validity of causal claims. However, within these longitudinal studies, gender is often collected inconsistently (e.g. only asked at a single timepoint), or inadequately (e.g. questions that use limiting notions of gender). Due to the temporal nature of gender, this introduces potential including misclassification error and may provide an incomplete picture of gender diversity in a sample. This article considers these methodological issues and offers evidence-based recommendations to ensure longitudinal data on trans, non-binary, and gender-diverse people is treated with epidemiological rigor, while maintaining inclusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School-based screening instruments have traditionally focused on assessing within-child factors, such as a student's academic, social, emotional, behavioral, or physical development. This emphasis in school-based screening may be a missed opportunity to assess and ameliorate contextual factors (i.e., social determinants of health) influencing child development. In this scoping review, we aim to describe the current landscape of screening for social determinants of health (SDOH) in school settings. Following established practices for scoping reviews, we searched PsycInfo, ERIC, and CINAHL Plus in December 2022 for articles describing the development or use of an SDOH measure in a school setting. From each eligible article, two coders independently extracted (1) study characteristics, (2) measure characteristics, (3) available psychometric or usability information, and (4) reported outcomes of measure implementation. Descriptive and content analyses were used to examine data. We identified six articles describing the development or use of SDOH measures in elementary, high school, or university settings. These articles yielded six unique SDOH measures, intended for either adolescent or young adult self-report, caregiver proxy-report, or both. Measures included 6–25 SDOH items, with additional items assessing demographics, health behaviors, or mental health (e.g., depression). Reported outcomes included increased referrals to services and implementation of school-based supports to reduce social risk (e.g., school food pantry). We discuss next steps for research evaluating the feasibility and social consequences of school-based SDOH screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]