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We investigate the use of an atomic Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) with a pulsed non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) source as a space-based acceleration sensor. We derive an analytic approximation for the device's transmission under a uniform acceleration, which we use to compute the device's attainable acceleration sensitivity using the classical Fisher information. In the ideal case of a high-finesse FPI and an infinitely narrow momentum width atomic source, we find that when the total length of the device is constrained to small values, the atomic FPI can achieve greater acceleration sensitivity than a Mach-Zender (MZ) interferometer of equivalent total device length. Under the more realistic case of a finite momentum width atomic source, We identify the ideal cavity length that gives the best sensitivity. Although the MZ interferometer now offers enhanced sensitivity within currently-achievable experimental parameter regimes, our analysis demonstrates that the atomic FPI holds potential as a promising alternative in the future, provided that narrow momentum width atomic sources can be engineered., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures

We numerically demonstrate atomic Fabry-Perot resonances for a pulsed interacting Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) source transmitting through double Gaussian barriers. These resonances are observable for an experimentally-feasible parameter choice, which we determined using a previously-developed analytical model for a plane matter-wave incident on a double rectangular barrier system. By simulating an effective one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we investigate the effect of atom number, scattering length, and BEC momentum width on the resonant transmission peaks. For $^{85}$Rb atomic sources with the current experimentally-achievable momentum width of $0.02 \hbar k_0$ [$k_0 = 2\pi/(780~\text{nm})$], we show that reasonably high contrast Fabry-Perot resonant transmission peaks can be observed using a) non-interacting BECs of $10^5$ atoms, b) interacting BECs of $10^5$ atoms with $s$-wave scattering lengths $a_s=\pm 0.1a_0$ [$a_0$ is the Bohr radius], and c) interacting BECs of $10^3$ atoms with $a_s=\pm 1.0a_0$. Our theoretical investigation impacts any future experimental realisation of an atomic Fabry-Perot interferometer with an ultracold atomic source., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures

An imaging system is presented that is capable of far-detuned non-destructive imaging of a Bose-Einstein condensate with the signal proportional to the second spatial derivative of the density. Whilst demonstrated with application to $^{85}\text{Rb}$, the technique generalizes to other atomic species and is shown to be capable of a signal to noise of ${\sim}25$ at $1$GHz detuning with $100$ in-trap images showing no observable heating or atom loss. The technique is also applied to the observation of individual trajectories of stochastic dynamics inaccessible to single shot imaging. Coupled with a fast optical phase lock loop, the system is capable of dynamically switching to resonant absorption imaging during the experiment., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures

In weakly nonlinear dispersive systems, solitons are spatially localized solutions which propagate without changing shape through a delicate balance between dispersion and self-focusing nonlinear effects. These states have been extensively studied in Bose-Einstein condensates, where interatomic interactions give rise to such nonlinearities. Previous experimental work with matter wave solitons has been limited to static intensity profiles. The creation of matter wave breathers--dispersionless soliton-like states with collective oscillation frequencies driven by attractive mean-field interactions--have been of theoretical interest due to the exotic behaviour of interacting matter wave systems. Here, using an attractively interacting Bose-Einstein condensate, we present the first observation of matter wave breathers. A comparison between experimental data and a cubic-quintic Gross-Pitaevskii equation suggests that previously unobserved three-body interactions may play an important role in this system. The observation of long lived stable breathers in an attractively interacting matter wave system indicates that there is a wide range of previously unobserved, but theoretically predicted, effects that are now experimentally accessible.