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Magnani Branco, BH, Carvalho, IZ, Garcia de Oliveira, H, Fanhani, AP, Machado dos Santos, MC, Pestillo de Oliveira, L, Macente, SB, and Nelson, NJ. Effects of 2 types of resistance training models on obese adolescents' body composition, cardiometabolic risk, and physical fitness. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2672-2682, 2020-The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 types of resistance training (RT) models in conjunction with interdisciplinary interventions by other health professionals to reduce the body fat and cardiometabolic risk of obese adolescents while improving their general health-related physical fitness. The 12-week analyses involved 18 male adolescents who were split into 2 groups (weight lifting: n = 9 and functional: n = 9), with equalization according to the primary muscle group (whenever possible), the effort:pause ratio, and intensity. The results showed reductions in fat mass and body fat, as well as in waist and hip circumferences (p < 0.05) after the intervention period. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of the body mass, body mass index, neck circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and for lean mass (p > 0.05) after the respective period. Maximal isometric strength, abdominal strength resistance, flexibility, and maximal oxygen consumption all produced significant increases after the interventions (p < 0.05). There were reductions in low-density lipoproteins and triglyceride levels after the intervention period (p < 0.05). For fasting glycemia, high-density lipoproteins, and alanine aminotransferase, no differences were observed (p > 0.05). In addition, no differences were observed in rating of perceived recovery, internal training load, or caloric intake (p > 0.05). With the results presented, it is concluded that both RT methods were effective at reducing both fat mass and body fat, thus improving health-related physical fitness components and decreasing cardiometabolic risk.

Aims: To develop Swahili versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and CAGE questionnaires and evaluate their psychometric properties in a traumatic brain injury (TBI) population in Tanzania., Methods: Swahili versions of the AUDIT and CAGE were developed through translation and back-translation by a panel of native speakers of both English and Swahili. The translated instruments were administered to a sample of Tanzanian adults from a TBI registry. The validity and reliability were analyzed using standard statistical methods., Results: The translated versions of both the AUDIT and CAGE questionnaires were found to have excellent language clarity and domain coherence. Reliability was acceptable (>0.85) for all tested versions. Confirmatory factor analysis of one, two and three factor solution for the AUDIT and one factor solution for the CAGE showed adequate results. AUDIT and CAGE scores were strongly correlated to each other (R > 0.80), and AUDIT scores were significantly lower in non-drinkers compared to drinkers., Conclusions: This article presents the first Swahili and Tanzanian adaptations of the AUDIT and CAGE instruments as well as the first validation of these questionnaires with TBI patients. Both instruments were found to have acceptable psychometric properties, resulting in two new useful tools for medical and social research in this setting., (© The Author 2017. Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.)