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Background Dementia care is essential to promote the well-being of patients but remains a difficult task prone to ethical issues. These issues include questions like whether manipulating a person with dementia is ethically permissible if it promotes her best interest or how to engage with a person who is unwilling to recognize that she has dementia. To help people living dementia and carers manage ethical issues in dementia care, we developed the CARE intervention. This is an intervention focused on promoting the ethical self-efficacy of people living with dementia and carers, i.e., their confidence that they can manage ethical issues when they occur. The purpose this paper is to explain and discuss how we have developed the CARE intervention to promote the ethical self-efficacy of people living with dementia, their family, and professional carers through a specific and, we believe, new use of literary texts. Methods The CARE intervention has been developed in two phases: First, we conducted a needs assessment of the occurrence of ethical issues in dementia care and the need for an intervention to support people living with dementia and their carers in managing such issues. Second, in a design phase, we developed the CARE intervention to meet identified needs. Results To address identified ethical issues in dementia care we designed the CARE intervention as a workshop format where people living with dementia and carers can meet, discuss literary texts, and deliberate on how to solve such issues. The workshop is structured by the following elements: An agenda of ethical issues, a collection of literary cases exemplifying ethical issues, a moderator with an understanding of dementia care, and an overview of the ethical principles relevant to the discussion of ethical issues. This workshop concept is operationalized in three applications tailored to meet the specific ethical issues of each of the study´s three target groups: People living with dementia and family carers, professional and family carers, and professional carers. Conclusion We conclude the paper by stating that it is possible to develop an intervention that promotes the ethical self-efficacy of people living with dementia and family and professional carers.

Medication reviews focusing on deprescribing can reduce potentially inappropriate medication; however, evidence regarding the effects on health-related outcomes is scares. In a real-life, quality improvement project, we aimed to investigate how a general practitioner-led medication review intervention with focus on deprescribing affected health-related outcomes. We performed a before-after intervention study including care home residents and community-dwelling patients affiliated with a large Danish general practice. The primary outcomes were changes in self-reported health status, general condition, and functional level from baseline to 3-4 months follow-up. Of 105 included patients, 87 completed follow-up. From baseline to follow-up, 255 medication changes were made, of which 83% were deprescribing. Mean self-reported health status increased from 7.3 to 7.9 (0.6 [95% CI: 0.2 to 0.9]); the proportion of patients with general condition rated as “average or above” was stable (74.7% to 80.5% (5.7% [95% CI: -3.4 to 14.9]); and the proportion of patients with functional level “without any disability” was stable (58.6% to 54.0% (-4.6% [95% CI: -10.1 to 1.0]). In conclusion, this general practitioner-led medication review intervention led to deprescribing and increased self-reported health status without deterioration of general condition or functional level in real-life primary care patients.

Several contemporary works of British theatre represent a new social group under formation, the precariat. A special feature of this theatre is its attention to how it feels to live in precarity and experience various forms of social and existential insecurity. Departing from an outline of the main theories of precarity within the social sciences and critical theory, the essay gives an overview of representations of the precariat in works of contemporary British drama, which may be classified as formative for the development of a new ”theatre of the precariat”. It then turns to a more detailed analysis of Alexander Zeldin’s play Love (2016), to illustrate how the interest in precarity manifests itself on both thematic and formal levels in the theatre of the precariat. The essay concludes with reflections on the potential political and ethical effects of contemporary theatre by discussing Zeldin’s method of collaboratively devising with the company as a way to oppose the precarization of artistic work and offer a model for social transformation.

Psychiatric hospitals are increasingly designed to reflect contemporary models of care. As such, inpatient settings are changing based on the promise that the built environment will promote patient recovery and support psychiatric work. While extant literature examines how such novel designs mediate health outcomes and shape patient experiences, less attention has been directed towards staff experiences and the mediating role of the built environment for staff/patient interaction. By focusing on the nursing station at two inpatient wards of a new, purpose-built psychiatric hospital in Denmark, this study shows that the transparent properties of the built environment produce an environment of uncertainty and distance instead of intelligibility and closeness, which in turn shapes the nature of staff/patient interaction according to a differential field of visibilities. This study indicates that greater attention must be directed towards analysing the impact of novel designs on the relational dynamics between spaces, visibilities and people to appreciate how, and for whom, the built environment makes a difference in practice. This study thus contributes to the literature on the unique characteristics of psychiatric inpatient settings and how such settings impact psychiatric staff.

Focusing on the configuration of the relationship between fate and freedom of action, this article analyses recent self-help literature and online communities, particularly the genre that centres on the concept of resilience. The selected works and websites all address readers who suffer from depression, anxiety and stress. The article focuses on how the relationship between fate and freedom is represented in three literary figures: the reader, who is promised recovery; the narrator, who promises to save the reader from the mental illnesses; and the plot that the reader forms by his or her personal thoughts, feelings and experiences. Furthermore, fate and freedom will be analysed in a series of allegories and metaphors. We argue that each literary figure reflects a radical understanding of individual autonomy, that is, freedom of action. However, we also argue that each literary figure has a shadowy disadvantage, which activates a tragic reversal of fate. The article analyses how this self-help genre reflects a notion of tragedy in relation to mental suffering.

Healing architecture is a defining feature of contemporary hospital design in many parts of the world, with psychiatric in‐patient facilities in Denmark at the forefront of this innovation. The approach rests on the contention that designed clinical spaces and the particular dispositions they express may promote patient recovery. Although the idea that health may be spatially mediated is well‐established, the means of this mediation are far from settled. This article contributes to this debate by analysing medical encounters in the context of a new purpose‐built psychiatric hospital opened in Slagelse, Denmark in late 2015 as an example of healing architecture for the region. Grounded in qualitative research conducted in two wards between 2016 and 2017, we explore the key material and social effects of the hospital's healing architecture, and the spaces and practices it enacts. Following the work of Michael Lynch, we consider both the designed ‘spatial order’ of the in‐patient wards and the ‘spatial orderings’ unfolding therein with a particular interest in how order is accomplished in psychiatric work. With much of the existing discussion of healing architectures focusing on their impacts on patient wellbeing, we consider how healing architectures may also be transforming psychiatric work.

In March 2019, Cyclone Idai hit central Mozambique and caused widespread damage, including businesses in the enterprise sector. We use panel data and a randomized controlled trial to estimate the impact of unconditional cash grants on micro enterprises and their recovery. We find that, on average, the cash grants had a positive effect on firm revenue, profits and savings, and the likelihood of having their roof repaired. The cash had a stronger impact in the more damaged city (Beira) compared to the less affected location (Chimoio) and was particularly effective for carpenters. These findings indicate that access to finance is critically important for firm recovery following disasters.

Cyclone Idai, the most devastating cyclone ever recorded in Southern Africa, caused havoc in large parts of central Mozambique, especially the port city of Beira, upon its landfall in March 2019. This study reviews and compares measurements of the impact, using various sources of remote sensing data. Furthermore, taking into account pre-cyclone neighbourhood characteristics and post-cyclone developments in building quantity and quality, it is shown that: i) spatial patterns of severity of impact vary substantially by data source and method used, ii) a small but measurable share of the cross-city variation in cyclone damage can be explained by prior neighbourhood-level characteristics, and finally, iii) a convolutional neural network building detector and classifier applied to a panel of high resolution satellite images fails to prove clear patterns in the post-cyclone rebuilding of Beira up to 17 months after the cyclone. Although the present analysis shows mixed results, and more work validating the various links between satellite data, operational use, and economic analysis is needed, remote sensing may still be the best option in a data-scarce disaster situation.

This study investigates how manufacturing companies were affected by tropical Cyclone Idai, which struck Central Mozambique in March 2019. The analysis builds upon a representative sample of 464 enterprises located in the cities of Beira and Chimoio which were interviewed 6 and 12 months after the natural disaster. While Beira was largely destroyed in the event, inland Chimoio was only affected to a minor degree, thus constituting our control group. Overall, we find that the cyclone had a large negative effect on income and profits, especially in the month immediately following landfall. Furthermore, the disaster hit some types of manufacturing firms much harder than others. For instance, businesses in the construction industry saw no significant decline in income, whereas micro enterprises, female-owned businesses, and tailors were among the most affected.

The Danes, in general, seem extremely averse to innovation, and if happiness only consist in opinion, they are the happiest people in the world; for I never saw any so well satisfied with their own situation. Yet the climate appears to be very disagreeable, the weather being dry and sultry, or moist and cold; the atmosphere never having that sharp, bracing purity, which in Norway prepares you to brave its rigours.

Helle Helle er en af dansk samtidslitteraturs vigtigste stemmer, og hun finder mange læsere både inden for og uden for akademiet. Hendes romaner befolkesaf personer, som kan forbindes med prekariatet, og en analyse af hendes værk leder til en bedre og mere nuanceret forståelse af levevilkårene for prekære mennesker i den neoliberale samtid. I en litterær tekstanalyse af Helle helles nyklassiske roman, Ned til Hundene (2008), vises det, hvordan den gennem en særlig prekær stil giver læseren indsigt i det at være sårbar og udsat, dels som et menneskeligt eksistentielt grundvilkår, dels som en specifik erfaring af at være genstand for andre og mere privilegerede gruppers manglende forståelse og empati.

Om Helle Helles roman, Dette burde skrives i nutid, i forhold til velfærdsstatens uddannelsespolitik de seneste årtier

Using convolutional neural networks applied to satellite images covering a 25 km x 12 km rectangle on the northern outskirts of Greater Maputo, we detect and classify buildings from 2010 and 2018 in order to compare the development in quantity and quality of buildings from before and after construction of a major section of ring road. In addition, we analyse how the effects vary by distance to the road and conclude that the area has seen large overall growth in both quantity and quality of housing, but it is not possible to distinguish growth close to the road from general urban growth. Finally, the paper contributes methodologically to a growing strand of literature focused on combining machine-learning image recognition and the availability of high-resolution satellite images. We examine the extent to which it is possible to exploit these methods to analyse changes over time and thus provide an alternative (or complement) to traditional impact analyses.

The latest firm survey of Mozambique, the Inquerito ás Indústrias Manufactureiras (IIM) 2017, draws a concerning picture of the manufacturing sector. However, it is not obvious whether this is true for the population of manufacturing firms in Mozambique, as the representativeness of the IIM 2017 sample is not clear. This paper triangulates the findings of IIM 2017 by considering other indicators of the health of the manufacturing sector in Mozambique, including manufacturing gross domestic product, the latest enterprise census, and satellite imagery. Results indicate that the manufacturing sector grows at roughly the same pace as the population.

Helle Helle er en af dansk samtidslitteraturs vigtigste stemmer, og hun finder mange læsere både inden for og uden for akademiet. Hendes romaner befolkes af personer, som kan forbindes med prekariatet, og en analyse af hendes værk leder til en bedre og mere nuanceret forståelse af levevilkårene for prekære mennesker i den neoliberale samtid. I en litterær tekstanalyse af Helle Helles nyklassiske roman, Ned til hundene (2008), vises det, hvordan den gennem en særlig prekær stil giver læseren indsigt i det at være sårbar og udsat, dels som et menneskeligt eksistentielt grundvilkår, dels som en specifik erfaring af at være genstand for andre og mere privilegerede gruppers manglende forståelse og empati.

This essay asks why Wordsworth did not publish his autobiographical poem, The Prelude, in 1805 when it was all but completed, but postponed publication indefinitely. It suggests that this is a complex question that needs a complex answer. The answer must take into consideration at least sociological aspects having to do with the literary marketplace, and metaphysical aspects having to do with the extent to which personal ‘presence’ is established in a work in manuscript as opposed to one published as a printed book around 1800. Having dealt with this material in its first part, in its second part the essay suggests that this question and its multiple answers are part of the meaning of one of the poem’s cruxes, the so-called Dream of the Arab.

The later Wordsworth understood the sonnet as a form of visual poetry. This essay investigates this in relation to Wordsworth’s sense of layout in his 1838 book of sonnets; his conceptualization of the sonnet as “picture,” “frame,” and “monument”; and his use of italic typeface in printings of the sonnet “After-Thought” after 1827. The positive sense of the visual thus articulated by the poet in his later sonnets constitutes one way in which he swerves from his earlier self. The essay argues, in contrast to traditional readings of Wordsworth’s career, that this poetic visuality enriches even as it complicates our understanding of his work.

This essay reconsiders the neglected interface between the romantic and Victorian periods in English literary history, the 1820s and 1830s. Focusing on the return of the visible in the ekphrastic work of two representative figures on the literary and cultural scene at the time, Felicia Hemans (1793–1835) and Leigh Hunt (1784–1859), it suggests that the popularization of ekphrasis in these years belies the notion of a sudden dearth of imaginative literature typically said to have occurred after Byron's death in 1824. In their ekphrastic writings Hemans and Hunt transform the high romanticism that precedes them as they highlight an otherwise marginalized desire for the visible at the core of high romanticism. In doing so, they anticipate the Victorian and modernist poetics that follow in their wake and on both counts occasion a reconsideration.1

Scenarios for a transition to a hydrogen society are constructed for Denmark. The physical basis for the scenarios is the exploitation of renewable energy resources already in progress in Denmark. Hydrogen is proposed as a convenient energy carrier due to its versatility in use, transmission and as an energy storage medium. Two main scenarios are constructed, differing in the degree of decentralisation of energy production and management: one resembles the current system with centralised facilities and commercial management, the other being based upon a projected scale-independent cost structure of energy producing and handling equipment, that will allow extreme decentralisation of the physical energy conversion system, possibly accompanied by a similar decentralisation of ownership and control. The simulation studies show that both scenarios are technically feasible, and that the storage problems arising from the mismatch between demand and intermittent sources can be solved in both a centralised and a decentralised fashion.

Between 1807 and 1818 Wordsworth received some of his most important and influential criticism, in tandem with which the contours of his poetic identity began fully to emerge. To get a sense of Wordsworth’s critical reception, we need to consider not only reviews of his published work (notably by Francis Jeffrey) and the kind of literary criticism that was emerging during the Romantic period (notably by Coleridge), but also personal letters, journals, diaries and other kinds of literary text. In addition, there is Wordsworth’s elaborate response to his own reception in his prefaces and essays. From the critical reception of this near decade we will see Wordsworth emerging as the poet with whom most readers today are familiar, one responsible for a body of poetry that is easy to ridicule as simple, naïve, and even ‘unliterary’, and that is at the same time sublime, inimitable and to be ranked in the canon of English poetry. Such a ranking was far from a given at the time, of course. In 1807, one of the Romantic period’s most influential reviewers, Francis Jeffrey, delivered a devastating review of Wordsworth’s Poems, in Two Volumes in the Edinburgh Review. Jeffrey had had Wordsworth in his sights since at least 1802, when in a review of Southey’s Thalaba the Destroyer he invented the notion of the ‘Lake School’, a group of poets that were held to behave like a subversive and dissenting ‘sect’. But the 1807 Poems presented Jeffrey with the first opportunity for a direct confrontation, and he went straight for the jugular: ‘If the printing of such trash as this be not felt as an insult on the public taste, we are afraid it cannot be insulted’, he declares (CH 194). Jeffrey’s main problem with Wordsworth (and the other Lake Poets) was that ‘They write as they do, upon principle and system’, and that as far as both language and subject matter were concerned, ‘it evidently costs them much pains to keep down to the standard which they have proposed to themselves’ (189). According to Jeffrey, only when he ‘transgresses’ the ‘system’ that he had outlined in the Preface to Lyrical Ballads, can Wordsworth write ‘good verses’ (199).

Sentiment analysis models often use ratings as labels, assuming that these ratings reflect the sentiment of the accompanying text. We investigate (i) whether human readers can infer ratings from review text, (ii) how human performance compares to a regression model, and (iii) whether model performance is affected by the rating “source” (i.e. original author vs. annotator). We collect IMDb movie reviews with author-provided ratings, and have them re-annotated by crowdsourced and trained annotators. Annotators reproduce the original ratings better than a model, but are still far off in more than 5% of the cases. Models trained on annotator-labels outperform those trained on author-labels, questioning the usefulness of author-rated reviews as training data for sentiment analysis.