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Landslides, resulting from disturbances in slope equilibrium, pose a significant threat to landscapes, infrastructure, and human life. Triggered by factors such as intense precipitation, seismic activities, or volcanic eruptions, these events can cause extensive damage and endanger nearby communities. A comprehensive understanding of landslide characteristics, including spatio-temporal patterns, dimensions, and morphology, is vital for effective landslide disaster management. Existing remote sensing approaches mostly use either optical or synthetic aperture radar sensors. Integrating information from both these types of sensors promises greater accuracy for identifying and locating landslides. This study proposes a novel approach, the ML-LaDeCORsat (Machine Learning-based coseismic Landslide Detection using Combined Optical and Radar Satellite Imagery), that integrates freely available Sentinel-1, Palsar-2, and Sentinel-2 imagery data in Google Earth Engine (GEE). The approach also integrates relevant spectral indices and suitable bands used in a machine learning-based classification of coseismic landslides. The approach includes a robust and reproducible training and validation strategy and allows one to choose between five classifiers (CART, Random Forest, GTB, SVM, and Naive Bayes). Using landslides from four different earthquake case studies, we demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing solutions in coseismic landslide identification and localization, providing a GTB-based detection accuracy of 87–92%. ML-LaDeCORsat can be adapted to other landslide events (GEE script is provided). Transfer learning experiments proved that our model can be applied to other coseismic landslide events without the need for additional training data. Our novel approach therefore facilitates quick and reliable identification of coseismic landslides, highlighting its potential to contribute towards more effective disaster management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A setup for dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with spatial, temporal and energy resolution is presented. Through investigation of a Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst during the dehydroaromatization of methane we observed a reduction gradient along the packed bed. Our new method represents an unprecedented addition to the analytical toolbox for in situ characterizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperspectral sensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) offer the prospect of high-resolution multi-temporal spectral analysis for a range of remote-sensing applications. However, although accurate onboard navigation sensors track the moment-to-moment pose of the UAV in flight, geometric distortions are introduced into the scanned data sets. Consequently, considerable time-consuming (user/manual) post-processing rectification effort is generally required to retrieve geometrically accurate mosaics of the hyperspectral data cubes. Moreover, due to the line-scan nature of many hyperspectral sensors and their intrinsic inability to exploit structure from motion (SfM), only 2D mosaics are generally created. To address this, we propose a fast, automated and computationally robust georectification and mosaicking technique that generates 3D hyperspectral point clouds. The technique first morphologically and geometrically examines (and, if possible, repairs) poorly constructed individual hyperspectral cubes before aligning these cubes into swaths. The luminance of each individual cube is estimated and normalised, prior to being integrated into a swath of images. The hyperspectral swaths are co-registered to a targeted element of a luminance-normalised orthomosaic obtained using a standard red–green–blue (RGB) camera and SfM. To avoid computationally intensive image processing operations such as 2D convolutions, key elements of the orthomosaic are identified using pixel masks, pixel index manipulation and nearest neighbour searches. Maximally stable extremal regions (MSER) and speeded-up robust feature (SURF) extraction are then combined with maximum likelihood sample consensus (MLESAC) feature matching to generate the best geometric transformation model for each swath. This geometrically transforms and merges individual pushbroom scanlines into a single spatially continuous hyperspectral mosaic; and this georectified 2D hyperspectral mosaic is then converted into a 3D hyperspectral point cloud by aligning the hyperspectral mosaic with the RGB point cloud used to create the orthomosaic obtained using SfM. A high spatial accuracy is demonstrated. Hyperspectral mosaics with a 5 cm spatial resolution were mosaicked with root mean square positional accuracies of 0.42 m. The technique was tested on five scenes comprising two types of landscape. The entire process, which is coded in MATLAB, takes around twenty minutes to process data sets covering around 30 Ha at a 5 cm resolution on a laptop with 32 GB RAM and an Intel® Core i7-8850H CPU running at 2.60 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3DWelding – additive fabrication of structural steel elements This paper investigates the possibilities of robotic 3D printing with steel (WAAM – Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing) in the construction industry. The aim of the project team is to develop a stable and economical manufacturing process for customized steel elements. Thus, the influence of different process parameters such as wire feed rate and travel speed on the weld shape and build‐up rate as well as on the material properties will be explained and a parameter window with stable, verified parameter sets will be defined for each material used. Three different filler metals (G 2Si1, G 3Si1, G 4Si1) are tested in terms of their strength and stiffness, with particular attention paid to the joining area between substrate and welded structure. For this purpose, test methods for testing additively manufactured components, especially for shear capacity, have been newly developed. As a proof of concept, an exemplary application is shown and the load‐bearing capacity of this connection is investigated in different configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen storage materials and technologies are deemed as the cornerstone towards a world economy less reliant on, and ultimately independent of fossil resources. Ammonia is considered among the most efficient carbon‐free hydrogen carriers because of its relatively high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen storage capacities and, equally important, ease of transport and storage. In addition, the well‐established chemical production of ammonia (preferably a green Haber‐Bosch process) would accelerate the immediate introduction of hydrogen into energy infrastructure. Thermocatalytic decomposition of ammonia yields clean, COx‐free hydrogen, but is energy intensive and currently performed with expensive Ru‐based catalysts. The development of more efficient catalysts based on more abundant and cheaper elements is indispensable for future wide‐scale industrial application. Therefore, the conceptualization of strategies and challenges for material developments, study and optimization of ammonia decomposition catalysts as well as their in situ/operando characterizations are pivotal aspects to be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correction for 'Time-, space- and energy-resolved in situ characterization of catalysts by X-ray absorption spectroscopy' by Stefan Peters et al., Chem. Commun., 2023, 59, 12120–12123, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CC03277A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expert knowledge is widely used for assessing the conservation status of little-known species. Pterocymbium oceanicum is a large, emergent tree endemic to Fiji. Experts classified the species as 'Critically Endangered' (IUCN Red List) in 2016 and estimated the population size at <250 mature individuals with the largest subpopulation consisting of a single stand of 100 individuals. We surveyed this stand and counted 133 individuals, which validated the expert estimate. However, we discovered an additional three stands nearby, increasing the total subpopulation size to 433 individuals. Therefore, the expert estimate reliably and conservatively estimated population size but missed important information. Field surveys suggest that P. oceanicum has a narrow ecological niche as a long-lived early pioneer at mid-elevations (400–800 m) in seasonally dry forests, one of Fiji's most degraded ecosystems. The introduced African Tulip Tree, Spathodea campanulata , is invading the sampled subpopulation and shares the characteristics of being a large, fast-growing and early successional tree. Therefore, the narrow niche of P. oceanicum may now be threatened by S. campanulata. Our study highlights that expert knowledge can provide valuable information about threatened species but also has limitations. IUCN Red List assessments based solely on expert assessments should therefore be cautiously interpreted. The invasion by S. campanulata poses a serious threat to P. oceanicum and needs to be carefully monitored, with the impacts of S. campanulata on the establishment and growth of P. oceanicum requiring urgent investigation. Pterocymbium oceanicum is a large, emergent tree endemic to Fiji that was classified as 'Critically Endangered' (IUCN Red List) based on expert knowledge. Our field survey quadruples the known size of the largest subpopulation by discovering three previously unknown stands, highlighting the value and limitations of expert knowledge for conservation assessments. Furthermore, we found that the species has a narrow ecological niche and is potentially threatened by the invading African Tulip Tree, Spathodea campanulata , which should be carefully monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the challenge of training deep learning models for fire smoke scene detection from multi-sensor, multi-spectral satellite imagery, where spectral bands vary and training data is scarce, especially for new sensors. We introduce a novel cross-sensor transfer learning approach enhanced by spectral pattern extraction, notably aided by a deep learning (DL) module called Input Amplification (IA). Our contribution includes the creation of two datasets, Landsat_smk2770 and Sentinel2_smk, with varying spectral bands. We employ a model named IA_VIB_SD which incorporates IA and is designed specifically for fire smoke scene detection. We investigated the transferability of the Landsat_smk2770-trained IA_VIB_SD model to the Sentinel2_smk dataset using various transfer learning techniques, and compared the performance of the transferred model with the benchmark IA_VIB_SD model exclusively trained on pure Sentinel2_smk data. Our proposed transfer learning approach resulted in a transferred model with an average accuracy 5% higher than the benchmark model. Notably, Our proposed transfer learning approach outperformed existing transfer learning methods by more than 1% in terms of the accuracy, even when trained on a mere 10% of the Sentinel2_smk dataset. This research advances fire smoke scene detection from multi-sensor, multi-spectral satellite imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Filigree steel‐chassis with futuristic plastic cladding roofs sports hall Friedrich‐Ebert‐school in Pfungstadt The new sports hall of Friedrich‐Ebert‐school in Pfungstadt is a freestanding solitaire in a heterogeneous industrial area. The steel‐chassis of the roof structure with its futuristic white plastic cladding is an outstanding design element of the building. This article describes the structural design of the roof structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In diesen Tagen gibt es auf der Welt nur ein Thema: Coronavirus! 2020 ist dadurch bereits jetzt ein Schicksalsjahr. Corona versetzt ganze Gesellschaften in Zeitlupe, aber kriegerische Auseinandersetzungen werden fortgeführt, Konflikte schwelen weiter und prekäre Friedensprozesse werden durch das Virus mit zusätzlichen Schwierigkeiten konfrontiert. Dreieinhalb Jahre nach dem Abschluss des Friedensvertrags zwischen der kolumbianischen Regierung und der FARC, der größten Guerilla Lateinamerikas, droht der Sturm des Coronavirus das zarte Friedenspflänzchen wegzufegen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxygen isotope ratios in magnetite can be used to study the origin of iron-oxide ore deposits. In previous studies, only 18O/16O ratios of magnetite were determined. Here, we report triple O isotope data (17O/16O and 18O/16O ratios) of magnetite from the iron-oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits of the Yazd and Sirjan areas in central Iran. In contrast to previous interpretations of magnetite from similar deposits, the triple O isotope data show that only a few of the magnetite samples potentially record isotopic equilibrium with magma or with pristine magmatic water (H2O). Instead, the data can be explained if magnetite had exchanged O isotopes with fluids that had a mass-independently fractionated O isotope composition (i.e., MIF-O), and with fluids that had exchanged O isotopes with marine sedimentary carbonate rocks. The MIF-O signature of the fluids was likely obtained by isotope exchange with evaporite rocks of early Cambrian age that are associated with the IOA deposits in central Iran. In order to explain the triple O isotope composition of the magnetite samples in conjunction with available iron isotope data for magnetite from the deposits, we propose that magnetite formed from magmatic fluids that had interacted with evaporite and carbonate rocks at high temperatures and at variable water/rock ratios; e.g., magmatic fluids that had been released into the country rocks of a magma reservoir. Additionally, the magnetite could have formed from magmatic fluids that had exchanged O isotopes with SO2 and CO2 that, in turn, had been derived by the magmatic assimilation and/or metamorphic breakdown of evaporite and carbonate rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metasomatic zone formed between the contact of a 2940 ± 5 Ma intrusive trondhjemite sheet in the Archean dunite of the Seqi Ultramafic Complex, SW Greenland, consists of three distinct mineral zones dominated by (1) talc, (2) anthophyllite, and (3) phlogopite. These zones supposedly resulted from a process of dissolution of olivine by silica rich fluid residual from the trondhjemite magma, with crystallization of secondary minerals along a compositional gradient in the fluid phase. A zircon crystal inclusion in a large (4 cm) olivine porphyroblast was dated in situ via LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotope analysis, yielding a weighted mean 207Pb/ 206Pb age of 2963 ± 1 Ma, which coincides with granulite facies metamorphism and potential dehydration. Considering phase relations appropriate for the dunite composition, we deduced the talc forming conditions to be at temperatures of 600-650 °C and at a pressure below 1 GPa. This is supported by oxygen isotope data for talc, anthophyllite and phlogopite in the metasomatic zone, which suggests formation in the temperature range of 600-700 °C from fluids that had a Δ 18O of ~8% and a Δ'17O0.528 of about -40 ppm, i.e., from fluids that could have been derived from the late stage trondhjemite sheet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the experiences and perspectives of the healthcare professionals who were trained to and delivered "Minimise Fatigue, Maximise Life" (MFML), a patient-centered group-based fatigue self-management program for persons with multiple sclerosis. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study with semi-structured individual interviews at two time points. Data were analyzed for themes. Six healthcare professional facilitators who were trained to and delivered "Minimise Fatigue, Maximise Life" participated in a first interview, and five in a second. Participants were all female, aged between 23 and 66 years old and either occupational therapists or physiotherapists. Results: Two themes were evident in the data. The first, "Reciprocity," showed how the healthcare professionals were trained to deliver MFML, then reciprocated in the program delivery as active participants, which then provided feelings of personal reward and expansion of their usual practice. The second, "Enhancements," encompassed suggested directions for future training and deliveries of the program. Conclusion: This study suggests that multidimensional patient centered interventions also benefit the healthcare professionals who provide them because it expands their practice. Healthcare professionals who recognize the benefits of innovative and patient-centered interventions, supports both the patients with whom they work, and adds value to the health services they provide. Healthcare professionals who undergo training to facilitate delivery of self-management programs, which are based in an empowerment model, report an enhancement or expansion of their traditional practice. An empowerment-based program delivered in a group situation encourages and facilitates people to draw on their own and peers' knowledge and expertise to problem solve for self-management. Healthcare professional education should facilitate the healthcare professional's learning, and ability and willingness to acknowledge the richness in knowledge and expertise held by their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die Bolivarische Revolution ist krachend gescheitert. Ein Ende der tiefsten Wirtschaftskrise in der Geschichte des Landes ist nicht in Sicht. Die soziale Situation ist katastrophal. Die Regierung klammert sich unter Aufkündigung demokratischer Mindeststandards an die Macht. Die Verfassung verspricht eine partizipative Demokratie, aber praktisch wird Kritik selbst aus den eigenen Reihen mundtot gemacht, Partizipationsrechte indigener Gruppen werden ignoriert. Die notorisch zerstrittene rechte Opposition wird mit geschickten Taschenspielertricks ausmanövriert. Zur blumigen Rhetorik der Bolivarischen Revolution gehört die Huldigung an den Ökosozialismus. Die Praxis ist anders: Angesichts des Einbruches im Erdölsektor sucht die Regierung nach Investoren, um die Rohstoffe des Minenbogens im Süden des Landes auszubeuten. Bedenken bezüglich der sozialökologischen Konsequenzen der Erdölwirtschaft oder des Bergbaus gibt es nicht. Emanzipatorische Ansprüche wurden über Bord geworfen und der Regierungskompass einzig auf Machterhalt kalibriert. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Youth hostel Bayreuth: conceptually innovative and structurally hybrid The new youth hostel building is a showcase of the modernisation and renewal strategy of the German youth hostel association. It is part of a master plan to develop youth hostels that are architecturally and socially contemporary. These new prototypic buildings are to be the starting point for a new generation of youth hostels. This concept aims for a demanding reinterpretation of the design of youth hostels with respect to function and architecture. Key parts of this strategy are innovative spatial configurations as well as functional, constructional, and energetical sustainability. It also seeks to combine cultural and sports activities. Following the premises outlined above, the structure of this building was conceived as a hybrid structure made from timber and reinforced concrete. Especially notable in regard to the structural design is the geometrically complex double‐curved timber roof structure, and the use of parametric design tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Im Sommer 2018 jährt sich eine der dunkelsten Stunden des Weltfußballs zum 40. Mal. 1978 fand die Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft inmitten der brutalen zivil-militärischen Diktatur in Argentinien statt. Angesichts kommender Fußball-Großveranstaltungen stellt sich auch die Frage: Was haben die Welt und der Fußball aus der Geschichte gelernt? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Venezuela polarisiert. Seit Jahren scheiden sich die Geister an der Bewertung der „bolivarischen Revolution” von Hugo Chavez. Den einen gait sie lange bzw. gilt sie noch heute als hoffnungsvoller Prozess zum demokratischen Aufbau des Sozialismus des 21. Jahrhunderts, andere sehen in ihr das Beispiel einer kleptokratischen Autokratie in eineni olreichen Rentierstaat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized, patient-oriented, biopsychosocial back school after implementation in inpatient orthopedic rehabilitation.Methods: A multi-center, quasi-experimental controlled study of patients with low back pain (n=535) was conducted. Patients in the control group received the traditional back school before implementation of the new program (usual care); patients in the intervention group received the new standardized back school after implementation into routine care. Patients' illness knowledge and conduct of back exercises (primary outcomes) and secondary self-management outcomes and treatment satisfaction were obtained at admission, discharge, and 6 and 12 months after rehabilitation.Results: We found a significant small between-group intervention effect on patients' illness knowledge in medium- to long term (6 months: η2=0.015; 12 months: η2=0.013). There were trends for effects on conduct of back exercises among men (6 and 12 months: η2=0.008 both). Furthermore, significant small effects were observed for treatment satisfaction at discharge and physical activity after 6 months.Conclusions: The standardized back school seems to be more effective in certain outcomes than a usual care program despite heterogeneous program implementation.Practice Implications: Further dissemination within orthopedic rehabilitation may be encouraged to foster self-management outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amphibole has been discussed to potentially represent an important phase during early chemical evolution of arc magmas, but is not commonly observed in eruptive arc rocks. Here, we present an in-depth study of metastable calcic amphibole megacrysts in basaltic andesites of Merapi volcano, Indonesia. Radiogenic Sr and Nd isotope compositions of the amphibole megacrysts overlap with the host rock range, indicating that they represent antecrysts to the host magmas rather than xenocrysts. Amphibole-based barometry suggests that the megacrysts crystallised at pressures of >500 MPa, i.e., in the mid- to lower crust beneath Merapi. Rare-earth element concentrations, in turn, require the absence of magmatic garnet in the Merapi feeding system and, therefore, place an uppermost limit for the pressure of amphibole crystallisation at ca. 800 MPa. The host magmas of the megacrysts seem to have fractionated significant amounts of amphibole and/or clinopyroxene, because of their low Dy/Yb ratios relative to the estimated compositions of the parent magmas to the megacrysts. The megacrysts' parent magmas at depth may thus have evolved by amphibole fractionation, in line with apparently coupled variations of trace element ratios in the megacrysts, such as e.g., decreasing Zr/Hf with Dy/Yb. Moreover, the Th/U ratios of the amphibole megacrysts decrease with increasing Dy/Yb and are lower than Th/U ratios in the basaltic andesite host rocks. Uranium in the megacrysts' parent magmas, therefore, may have occurred predominantly in the tetravalent state, suggesting that magmatic fO in the Merapi plumbing system increased from below the FMQ buffer in the mid-to-lower crust to 0.6-2.2 log units above it in the near surface environment. In addition, some of the amphibole megacrysts experienced dehydrogenation (H loss) and/or dehydration (HO loss), as recorded by their variable HO contents and D/ H and Fe/Fe ratios, and the release of these volatile species into the shallow plumbing system may facilitate Merapi's often erratic eruptive behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some nuclides that were produced in supernovae are heterogeneously distributed between different meteoritic materials. In some cases these heterogeneities have been interpreted as the result of interaction between ejecta from a nearby supernova and the nascent solar system. Particularly in the case of the oldest objects that formed in the solar system – Ca–Al rich inclusions (CAIs) – this view is confirm the hypothesis that a nearby supernova event facilitated or even triggered solar system formation. We present Hf isotope data for bulk meteorites, terrestrial materials and CAIs, for the first time including the low-abundance isotope 174 Hf (∼0.16%). This rare isotope was likely produced during explosive O/Ne shell burning in massive stars (i.e., the classical “p-process”), and therefore its abundance potentially provides a sensitive tracer for putative heterogeneities within the solar system that were introduced by supernova ejecta. For CAIs and one LL chondrite, also complementary W isotope data are reported for the same sample cuts. Once corrected for small neutron capture effects, different chondrite groups, eucrites, a silicate inclusion of a IAB iron meteorite, and terrestrial materials display homogeneous Hf isotope compositions including 174 Hf. Hafnium-174 was thus uniformly distributed in the inner solar system when planetesimals formed at the <50 ppm level. This finding is in good agreement with the evidently homogeneous distributions of p-process isotopes 180 W, 184 Os and possibly 190 Pt between different iron meteorite groups. In contrast to bulk meteorite samples, CAIs show variable depletions in p-process 174 Hf with respect to the inner solar system composition, and also variable r-process (or s-process) Hf and W contributions. Based on combined Hf and W isotope compositions, we show that CAIs sampled at least one component in which the proportion of r- and s-process derived Hf and W deviates from that of supernova ejecta. The Hf and W isotope anomalies in CAIs are therefore best explained by selective processing of presolar carrier phases prior to CAI formation, and not by a late injection of supernova materials. Likewise, other isotope anomalies in additional elements in CAIs relative to the bulk solar system may reflect the same process. The isotopic heterogeneities between the first refractory condensates may have been eradicated partially during CAI formation, because W isotope anomalies in CAIs appear to decrease with increasing W concentrations as inferred from time-integrated 182 W/ 184 W. Importantly, the 176 Lu– 176 Hf and 182 Hf– 182 W chronometers are not significantly affected by nucleosynthetic heterogeneity of Hf isotopes in bulk meteorites, but may be affected in CAIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we derive the inside–outside duality for two time-harmonic, elastic scattering problems. First, we consider a rigid scattering object inside an isotropic, homogeneous background medium and second, we consider a penetrable, inhomogeneous scattering object inside this background medium. For the first scattering problem, we make use of the particular behavior or certain eigenvalues of the corresponding far field operator to characterize interior Dirichlet eigenvalues of the negative Navier operator. Then we adapt this technique to determine interior transmission eigenvalues that correspond to the second scattering problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ammonia decomposition, carbon-free hydrogen, hydrogen storage, fuel cells, heterogeneous catalysis Cover Feature: Thermocatalytic Ammonia Decomposition - Status and Current Research Demands for a Carbon-Free Hydrogen Fuel Technology (ChemCatChem 2/2023) Keywords: ammonia decomposition; carbon-free hydrogen; hydrogen storage; fuel cells; heterogeneous catalysis EN ammonia decomposition carbon-free hydrogen hydrogen storage fuel cells heterogeneous catalysis 1 1 1 01/27/23 20230120 NES 230120 B The Cover Feature b shows a possible pathway for the application of ammonia as a renewable hydrogen and energy vector. [Extracted from the article]

A standardized curriculum back school (CBS) has been recommended for further dissemination in medical rehabilitation in Germany. However, implementation of self-management education programs into practice is challenging. In low back pain care, individual factors of professionals could be decisive regarding implementation fidelity. The study aim was to explore attitudes and experiences of professionals who conducted the back school. Qualitative interviews were led with 45 rehabilitation professionals. The data were examined using thematic analysis. Three central themes were identified: (a) “back school as a common thread,” (b) “theory versus practice,” and (c) “participation and patient-centeredness.” The CBS and its manual were frequently described positively because they provide structure. However, specified time was mentioned critically and there were heterogeneous perceptions regarding flexibility in conducting the CBS. Theory and practice in the CBS were discussed concerning amount, distribution, and conjunction. Participation and patient-centeredness were mainly mentioned in terms of amount and heterogeneity of participation as well as the demand for competences of professionals. Factors were detected that may either positively or negatively influence the implementation fidelity of self-management education programs. The results are explorative and provide potential explanatory mechanisms for behavior and acceptance of rehabilitation professionals regarding the implementation of biopsychosocial back schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unserem akademischen Lehrer und Vorbild Herrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kurt Schäfer zum 80. Geburtstag gewidmet Der Neubau von drei Überdachungsbauwerken ist Teil der Baumaßnahme ZOB (Zentraler Omnibusbahnhof) Pforzheim. Den Überdachungsbauwerken als funktional notwendige und gleichzeitig gestalterisch prägende Elemente kommt eine maßgebliche Bedeutung für die Gesamtbaumaßnahme zu. Erscheinungsbild und Form der sehr filigranen, mit einer weißen Verkleidung versehenen Überdachungsbauwerke in Stahlbauweise sind abgestimmt auf verkehrsplanerische, städtebauliche und funktionale Randbedingungen. Der Beitrag beschreibt den Tragwerksentwurf für die Überdachungsbauwerke sowie deren Tragverhalten. Umbrella roofs of ZOB Pforzheim: Structural design of geometrically sophisticated emblematical steel structures. Three new roofs are part of the project central bus station Pforzheim. Functional necessary and in terms of design striking the roofs have significant relevance for the entire area. Appearance and form of the extremely filigree steel roofs, covered with a white cladding, have been adjusted to transportation, urban as well as architectural planning aspects. This article describes the structural design process for the roof structures as well as their structural behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die Bolivarische Revolution in Venezuela ist gescheitert. Die Gründe für das Scheitern sind weder primär in imperialistischen Attacken noch in einem Politikversagen der Regierung zu suchen. Vielmehr sollten wir die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines Entwicklungsmodells analysieren, das allein auf Erdöl basiert und zu einer Rentengesellschaft führt. Erdölabhängigkeit und der Mangel an wirklichen Reformen sind die zentralen Faktoren für das Scheitern des „Sozialismus im 21. Jahrhundert" ä la Hugo Chävez. Und dennoch wird der Chavismus die politische Zukunft des Landes prägen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kontinuierlicher Fortschritt im Bereich der digitalen Werkzeuge bietet Architekten und Fachingenieuren heute wachsende Möglichkeiten in der Entwicklung und Umsetzung von Gebäude- und Fassadenentwürfen. Geometrisch komplexe Formen werden damit in der Planung zunehmend vereinfacht. Durch die Schaffung von Verknüpfungen und Gesetzmäßigkeiten zwischen einzelnen Entwurfselementen oder ganzen Fassadenbereichen lassen sich Änderungen im virtuellen Modell leichter und schneller umsetzen. Die Realisierung wird jedoch oft von Schnittstellenproblemen und aufwendigen Sonderlösungen geprägt. Mit dem 'Parametric System' wurden diese Probleme durch Entwicklung eines variablen Rahmensystems, einer geschlossenen digitalen und konstruktiven Prozesskette, einer parametrisierten Systemstatik und der 'mass customization' von Systemkomponenten gelöst. Systemic Individuality: Schüco Parametric System. Steady progress in the field of digital tools provides architects and engineering specialists with growing opportunities in the development and implementation of building and façade designs. Geometrically complex shapes are increasingly simplified in the planning process. By creating links and regularities between individual design elements or entire facade areas, changes in the virtual model can be implemented more quickly and easily. The implementation however, is often characterized by interface problems and complex special solutions. These problems are addressed with the 'Parametric System', by developing a variable frame system, a closed digital and constructive process chain, parametric structural analysis and the 'mass customization' of system components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analytical protocols for measurements of isotope ratios involving low-abundance isotopes 174 Hf (~ 0.16%), 180 W (~ 0.12%), and 190 Pt (~ 0.014%) using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) at ca. tenfold improved precision compared to previous studies are presented. The improvements in precision result in part from the use of Faraday amplifiers equipped with 10 12 Ω resistors for collection of the isotope beams of interest, as well as for the isotope beams used to monitor isobaric interferences. For ion currents > 5 × 10 − 13 A (> 50 mV on an amplifier with 10 11 Ω resistor), uncertainties (2 s.d.) of better than 100 ppm are typically achieved for isotope ratios involving 174 Hf, 180 W and 190 Pt. Terrestrial isotope abundances (atomic percent ± 2 s.d.) of 174 Hf (0.16106 ± 0.00006; n = 15); 180 W (0.11910 ± 0.00009; n = 10); and 190 Pt (0.01286 ± 0.00005; n = 9) were determined on reference solutions throughout multiple analytical sessions over ~ 3 years. The results, however, rely on the accuracy of the reference value chosen for the isotope ratios employed for mass bias correction and, to a lesser extent, on the accuracy of the exponential mass fractionation law used for mass bias correction. For the precise determination of isotope ratios involving 174 Hf, 180 W and 190 Pt in natural materials, efficient chromatographic separation schemes for Hf and W from silicate-rich matrices, and for Pt from iron meteorite matrices, are presented that provide effective separation of the element of interest from interfering elements. First results for Pt suggest that IAB, IIAB and IIIAB iron meteorites exhibit terrestrial 190 Pt abundances within uncertainty. Three chondrite samples exhibit indistinguishable 174 Hf from terrestrial Hf. The isotope abundance of 180 W in meteorites is more variable due to radiogenic 180 W that was produced by 184 Os-decay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Structured exercise programs provide considerable health benefits for cancer patients. Therefore, various OnkoAktiv (OA) networks were established in Germany with the aim to connect cancer patients with certified exercise programs. However, knowledge about the integration of exercise networks into cancer care systems and conditions of interorganisational collaboration is lacking. The aim of this work was to analyse the OA networks to guide further network development and implementation work. Methods: We used methods of social network analysis within a cross-sectional study design. Network characteristics were analysed such as node and tie attributes, cohesion and centrality. We classified all networks into their level of organisational form in integrated care. Results: We analysed 11 OA networks with 26 actors and 216 ties on average. The smallest network counted 12 actors/56 ties, the largest 52/530. 76% of all actors operated within the medical/exercise sector, serving 19 different medical professions. In smaller "linkage" networks, several individual professionals were linked "from service to service", whereas the more integrated networks revealed a core-periphery-structure. Discussion: Collaborative networks enable the involvement of professional actors from different operational fields. This study provides an in-depth understanding of underlying organisational structures that provides information for further development of exercise oncology provision. Trial registration: Not applicable, as no health care intervention was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eine begehbare gläserne Brückenkonstruktion ist der weltweit erste Prototyp für Brückenbauwerke aus kaltgebogenem Glas. Der kaltverformte transparente Werkstoff, ein komplexes räumliches und steifigkeitsabhängiges Tragverhalten sowie ein umfassender Einsatz von Klebeverbindungen sind die besonderen Kennzeichen der seele Glasbrücke. Das spektakuläre transparente Experiment ist das Ergebnis einer Kooperation zwischen seele GmbH, dem IBK Forschung und Entwicklung der Universität Stuttgart und Engelsmann Peters Beratende Ingenieure GmbH. Der Beitrag beschreibt das Entwurfskonzept und die Tragwerksplanung sowie Fertigung und Montage der gläsernen Brücke. seele glassbridge: a glass bridge structure made from cold bentglass An accessible glass bridge is the world‐wide first prototype for bridge structures made from cold bent glass. The cold bent material, an ambitious structural concept and the comprehensive use of bonded joints are the particular characteristics of this glass bridge. The spectacular transparent experiment is the result of a cooperation between seele GmbH, IBK Forschung und Entwicklung of Stuttgart University and Engelsmann Peters Beratende Ingenieure GmbH. This article describes the structural design concept and the structural design process as well as the fabrication of the glass bridge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new steel pedestrian bridge in Stuttgart is situated in a woodland that is part of Stuttgart-Vaihingen. Form and structure of this bridge result from consequently combining conceptual design aspects with functional, structural as well as production-orientated considerations. Noteworthy is a detail design that is carefully integrating the bridge equipment. This article describes the conceptual design, the structural design as well as production and assembly of the new bridge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The decay of the rare nuclide 184Os by alpha emission to 180W has been theoretically predicted, but was previously never observed in experiments. Variable excesses of 180W were recently observed for iron meteorites, but the contribution to these excesses by 184Os-decay was regarded as insignificant. Here, we present combined 180W and Os–W concentration data for meteorites and terrestrial rocks, now indicating that the 180W heterogeneities can be explained by α-decay of 184Os. A combined 184Os–180W isochron for iron meteorites and chondrites yields a decay constant value of of (half life yr), in good agreement with theoretical estimates. The 184Os–180W decay system may constitute a viable tracer and chronometer for important geological processes like core formation, silicate differentiation or late accretion processes. This is illustrated by a measured 180W-deficit in terrestrial basalts relative to chondrites by parts in 10 000, consistent with core formation ∼4.5 Ga ago. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We characterize the interior eigenvalues of a class of impenetrable, non-absorbing scattering objects from the spectra of the corresponding far field operators for a continuum of wave numbers. Our proof simplifies arguments from the original proof for Dirichlet scattering objects given in Eckmann and Pillet (1995 Commun. Math. Phys.170 283–313) and furthermore extends to the cases of Neumann and Robin scattering objects. Further, the analytical characterization of interior eigenvalues of a scatterer can be exploited numerically. We present an algorithm that approximates interior eigenvalues from far field data without knowing the scattering object, we give several numerical examples for different scatterers and sound-hard as well as sound-soft boundary conditions, and we finally show through numerical examples that this algorithm remains stable under noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, most weather-related damages are caused by thunderstorms. Besides floods, strong wind, and hail, one of the major thunderstorm ground effects is lightning. Therefore, lightning investigations, including detection, cluster identification, tracking, and nowcasting are essential. To enable reliable decisions, current and predicted lightning cluster- and track features as well as analysis results have to be represented in the most appropriate way. Our paper introduces a framework which includes identification, tracking, nowcasting, and in particular visualization and statistical analysis of dynamic lightning data in three-dimensional space. The paper is specifically focused on enabling users to conduct the visual analysis of lightning data for the purpose of identification and interpretation of spatial-temporal patterns embedded in lightning data, and their dynamics. A graphic user interface (GUI) is developed, wherein lightning tracks and predicted lightning clusters, including their prediction certainty, can be investigated within a 3D view or within a Space-Time-Cube. In contrast to previous work, our approach provides insight into the dynamics of past and predicted 3D lightning clusters and cluster features over time. We conclude that an interactive visual exploration in combination with a statistical analysis can provide new knowledge within lightning investigations and, thus, support decision-making in weather forecast or lightning damage prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the author's conclusion on the effect of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in preventing the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Topics include the study of percutaneous coronary intervention procedures for culprit lesions, percutaneous coronary revascularization, and drug therapy trials for patients with heart failure.

Background: In Germany, a multidisciplinary rehabilitation named "behavioural medical rehabilitation" (BMR) is available for treatment of chronic low back pain (clbp). A central component of BMR is standard exercise therapy (SET), which is directed mainly to improve physical fitness. There is a need to address psychosocial factors within SET and therefore to improve behavior change with a focus on the development of self-management skills in dealing with clbp. Furthermore, short-term effectiveness of BMR with a SET has been proven, but the impact of a behavioural exercise therapy (BET) for improvement of the long-term effectiveness of BMR is unclear. Methods/design: To compare the effectiveness of two exercise programs with different approaches within BMR on the effects of BMR a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) in two rehabilitation centres will be performed. 214 patients aged 18-65 with clbp will be, based on an "urn randomisation"-algorithm, randomly assigned to a BMR with SET (function-oriented, n=107) and BMR with BET (behaviour-oriented, n=107). Both exercise programs have a mean duration of 26 hours in three weeks and are delivered by a limited number of not-blinded study therapists in closed groups with six to twelve patients who will be masked regarding study group. The main differences of BET lie in its detailed manualised program with a theory-based, goal-orientated combination of exercise, education and behavioural elements, active participation of patients and consideration of their individual preferences and previous experiences with exercise. The primary outcome is functional ability assessed with the Hannover Functional Ability Questionnaire directly before and after the rehabilitation program, as well as a six and twelve-month follow-up. Discussion: This RCT is designed to explore the effects of BET on the effectiveness of a BMR compared to a BMR with SET in the management of patients with clbp. Methodological challenges arise from conducting a RCT within routine health care as well as from ensuring high treatment integrity. Findings of this study might contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of BMR and the special effects of BET and may be used to improve the quality of these interventions in routine care, therefore reducing the burden to patients with disabling clbp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a new automatic quadtree-/octree-based and scale-dependent generalization algorithm for point selection. The benefit toward existing point selection methods is that it preserves global as well as local characteristics of the spatial point distribution and of the spatial point density. It can be applied not only to points in 2D space but also to points in 3D space. In this article, an evaluation of the new point selection method is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Der Neubau von zwei Überdachungsbauwerken ist Teil der Baumaßnahme ZOB (Zentraler Omnibusbahnhof) Schwäbisch Hall. Erscheinungsbild und Form der beiden sehr schlanken, flügelartigen Überdachungsbauwerke in Monocoque-Bauweise sind abgestimmt auf die städtebaulich-architektonischen Randbedingungen. Der Beitrag beschreibt den Tragwerksentwurf für die beiden Überdachungsbauwerke sowie deren Tragverhalten. Design of two wing-like roofs in monocoque building technique for central bus station Schwäbisch Hall, Germany. Two roofs are part of the project ZOB (central bus station) Schwäbisch Hall. Appearance and form of these extremely slender wing-like roofs in monocoque building technique have been adjusted to urban as well as architectural planning aspects. This article describes the structural design process for both roof structures as well as their structural behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On July 15, 2021, a huge fireball was visible over Poland. After the possible strewn field was calculated, the first and so far only sample, with a mass of 350 g, was discovered 18 days after the fireball event. The Antonin meteorite was found August 3, 2021, on the edge of a forest close to a dirt road near Helenow, a small suburb of the city of Mikstat. The rock is an ordinary chondrite breccia and consists of equilibrated and recrystallized lithologies. The boundaries between different fragments are difficult to detect, and the lithologies are of petrologic type 5 and type 4. The rock is moderately shocked (S4) and contains local impact melt areas and thin shock veins. The low‐Ca pyroxene and olivine are equilibrated (Fs20.6 and Fa24.0, respectively), typical of L chondrites. The L chondrite classification is also supported by O isotope data and the results of bulk chemical analysis. The Ti isotope characteristics confirm that Antonin is related to the noncarbonaceous (NC) meteorites. One of the studied thin sections shows an unusual metal–chondrule assemblage, perhaps indicating that the metal in the chondrite is heterogeneously distributed, which is, however, not clearly visible in the element abundances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]