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Desde el inicio de sus operaciones, la provincia petrolera de Urucu (Petrobras unidad Amazonas, Brasil, UN-AM) ha realizado el vertido continuo de efluentes de hidrocarburos en riachuelos alrededor de sus instalaciones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar un análisis de la comunidad bacteriana existente en un riachuelo (comunidad 1: antes del vertido, comunidad 2: después del vertido). Se colectaron muestras de agua en riachuelo para extraer el DNA genómico total y usarlo como molde en la PCR, con oligonucleótidos específicos del gen 16S rDNA para dominio Bacteria. El producto de la PCR fue amplificado, y las secuencias generadas por técnica de pirosecuenciación, fueron analizadas con el programa libre Mothur. Los resultados revelaron que el filo Acidobacteria, la clase Deltaproteobacteria y los géneros Gp3 y Geobacter, mostraron alta presencia en comunidad 1. Asimismo, el filo Proteobacteria fue el más abundante, con la clase Betaproteobacteria y los géneros Geobacter y Gp3, como los predominantes en comunidad 2. Los índices de riqueza presentaron variación porcentual en ambas comunidades (disminución e incremento), siendo la diversidad más abundante en la comunidad 1. Sin embargo, no se encontró diferencia significativa entre ambas comunidades (p>0,001), y todas muestras de cada comunidad presentaron la misma estructura genética (p

Summary The characteristics of a seismic reflector or a set of reflectors might be associated with changes in the strata geometry or lithology. Many existing methods are used to recognize these geology patterns from seismic data. This article presents a workflow for prestack seismic amplitude versus offset (AVO) classification that was applied to an actual dataset in continental shelf of Campos basin. In addition to the classical correlation polygon AVO classification, another parameter, “intensity,” was introduced to further characterize the variations within an individual polygon. Rather than a constant value per polygon, each data point within the polygon is scaled gradationally by its distance to the background trend reference line defined by interpreter. This method enables gradational classification values to be assigned, which captures the “uncertainty” or “intensity” of the classification results and helps to reveal subtle stratigraphic and structural features in the target reservoirs. Finally, the classified seismic volume is submitted to a volume segmentation algorithm to extract geobodies, which can identify the most useful seismic class variations for mapping purposes. This workflow was applied to both the Albian carbonates and Oligo-Miocene reservoirs.

This paper analyzes the conditional volatility of daily returns on West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil futures contracts traded at the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) from January 1985 to September 2007. We verify whether there was an increase in volatility as a consequence of the increasing volumes traded in futures markets. Using the ARMA(3,0) GARCH(1,1) conditional volatility model with t-student distribution, we conclude that, in spite of the increasing volumes traded in the futures markets, there was no increase in volatility. In reality, there was a reduction in volatility in the 2004-2007 period, in addition to a decline in the persistence of shocks, indicating that these are increasingly transitory. The results concerning the hypothesis of volatility asymmetry for crude oil returns were not conclusive.

Summary A method to present directional wellbore trajectories graphically with microcomputers has been developed. This concept makes use of interactive computer graphics, enabling the user to view computer calculation results immediately. The source code was written in FORTRAN-77 and designed for use with microcomputers. Introduction The vertical and horizontal sections routinely used to evaluate directional wans are simple graphical displays that monitor the spatial position of a wellbore. These graphical profiles are limited in that investigation of multiple wellbores from a common surface point is very difficult. This problem is best resolved with the use of a computer and an interactive graphics computer program, such as the one discussed in this paper. Lutz and Kendle reported on the use of such a computer system, monitoring 1,190 directional wells drilled from marimade islands off California. This system provided speed and precision while eliminating the tedious drafting involved in manual calculations. The design parameters were also optimized to reduce drilling costs while minimizing interference between proposed and existing wells. However, their algorithms and source code were not published. Our work was suggested by techniques available in the computer-aided-drafting type interactive computer graphics systems. These user-friendly interactive systems allow quick recalculation and graphic display. These techniques were applied to a system of multiple wellbores to perform such tasks as translation, rotation, 3D clipping, and zoom onto an area of interest to give the viewer a variety of vantage points. The source code was written in FORTRAN-77. The program was compiled on an IBM PC in DOS and equipped with a graphic adapter, using the Microsoft FORTRAN Optimizing Compiler Version 4.0. It can easily be modified to fit particular user needs in addition to those demonstrated later in the paper. This source code provides a practical, usable program and eliminates the questionable reliability of undisclosed source codes. Theoretical Considerations First, the measured parameters of existing and proposed wells are entered into the computer program as measured depth and inclination and direction angles. These coordinates are immediately converted to an orthogonal system (i.e. north, east, and true vertical depth (TVD) by the minimumcurvature method. Then, the resulting coordinates are transformed to a world coordinate system (i.e., a right-hand Cartesian system where the y axis is vertically upward, the × axis is east, and the z axis is south), whose origin can be chosen by the user (see Fig. 1). Examples of origins are the center of a template for multiple wells or the surface location for a single well. The observer views this fixed coordinate system from a screen coordinate system that is free to move with respect to the world coordinate system. A vector in the world system is mapped to the screen system by applying observation transformations (i.e., scalings, rotations, and translations) and then mapping the screen system to the viewing area (see Fig. 2). Depending on the observation transformations chosen, some portions of the wells may require clipping at the boundaries of the viewing area. This allows the user to view the wellbore paths from a variety of spatial positions, such as from very far away to see all wellbores from surface to bottom or on horizontal planes to view relative positions of wells (see Fig. 3). In effect, the observer is looking through a square window of the world space that contains the information the user wishes to display (see Fig. 4). Then, the viewport is defined as a square portion of the viewing screen onto which the window contents are mapped. The viewport is essentially the 2D orthogonal projection of the contents of the window. Mathematically, the observation transformations, as indicated by primes, can be written as follows. For a translation, x'=x+a, y'=y+b, and z'=z+c, where a, b, and c are the translation parameters. For a rotation about the z axis, x'=x cos() -y sin(), y =x sin() +y cos(), and z'=z JPT December 1989 P. 1254^

submitted and accepted; International audience; Fluid migration strongly influences gas hydrate occurrences, increasing concentrations in proportion to gas supply. An upward flow of gas-rich fluids is also central to models proposed to account for the formation of venting features within the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), and for the presence or absence at its based of bottom simulating reflections (BSRs). These models are being tested by the SEAGAS project, an EC-funded collaboration of French and Brazilian research groups, which has examined gas hydrate systems within three deep-sea depocentres : the Nile fan in the Mediterranean Sea, and the Amazon fan and the Rio Grande cone on the Atlantic margin of Brazil. In each depocentre, rapid deposition has driven different forms of gravitational collapse above deep detachments. Each contains a different association of BSRs and venting features. On the Nile fan, a faint BSR of limited extent (3000 km 2 , water depths 2000-2500 m) contrasts with more widespread evidence of gas hydrates (in well logs) and fluid vents (pockmarks, mud volcanoes); the relation to pre-and post-Messinian collapse structures is unclear. On the Amazon fan, elongate BSR patches (total area 6700 km 2 , water depths 750-2250 m) coincide with the crests of an arcuate thrust-fold belt on the upper fan, which host mud volcanoes and other seafloor vents; no BSR is observed below the collapse belt on the mid-to lower fan. On the Rio Grande cone, a regional BSR (45,000 km 2 , water depths 500-3500 m) spans paired extensional and compressive belts, the former including fault-controlled fluid vents (pockmarks). In each area, BSR inversion yields temperature gradients elevated up to 5 times background values via long-wavelength (10 0-10 1 km) variations that, on the Brazilian margin, follow structural trends. We argue that these observations can be explained in terms of tectonic-and/or compaction-driven variations in the upward flow of warm fluids containing dissolved and/or free gas, which control the formation (or not) of BSRs and, in places, of gas vents. We hypothesise that temporal variations in fluid flow will change GHSZ thickness from below; bottom-up thinning will release gas and water from hydrate-rich sediments, potentially destabilising large volumes of slope sediments. This hypothesis could account for the occurrence of landslides on depocentres with low seafloor gradients (

International audience; Synrift stratigraphy and the distribution of breakup-related erosional unconformities vary vastly between passive margins and cannot be explained by classical rifting models. Here we use numerical modeling to predict their spatiotemporal distribution. We show that synrift stratigraphy mimics rift architecture, which is controlled by lithospheric strength. Basinward rift migration during extension produces (1) oceanward younging, syntectonic and posttectonic sequences, (2) rift migration unconformities, RMUs, predating breakup, and (3) a breakup unconformity, BU, that only extends over the outermost margins, since breakup is not linked with a sudden stress drop. With small synrift sedimentation, the RMUs and BU laterally merge to form a margin-wide unconformity. In symmetric, wide conjugate margins, which arise for weak lithospheres such as the South China Sea, a long phase of distributed deformation with little subsidence results in early synrift sediment over most of the margins. RMUs merge into a single event that marks the subsequent focusing of deformation into a narrow breakup area, which experiences short-lived intense thinning and subsidence. In asymmetric conjugate margins, lateral rift migration transports shallowly deposited, early synrift sediments from the narrow to the wide, hyperextended margin, leading to a condensed syntectonic sequence and a single BU in the narrow margin and a series of RMUs in the wide one. For very weak lower crusts, lateral rift migration generates large synrift sag basins in the wide margin, as in Angola and Congo margins. Our models resemble the observed margins tectonic diversity and may be used as templates for interpreting their distal, unexplored areas.

International audience; In this work, phase behavior was analyzed for recombined mixtures of a Brazilian pre-salt crude oil with carbon dioxide and methane. This oil was sampled at stock tank conditions during a well-test, and mixtures with gas were prepared with a gas molar composition ranging from 20.0 to 86.0 mol %. Their phase behavior was investigated from 293.15 to 378.15 K and up to 100.0 MPa. Direct phase transition detections were achieved by using a full visibility PVT cell, coupled with a short-wave infrared camera. At this wavelength, crude oil has a lower absorbance, and it has been noted that macroscopic phase transitions can be easily detected by visual inspection. For the pseudo-binary system crude oil + carbon dioxide systems, liquid–liquid phase transitions were observed when the gas content is higher than 70.0 mol %. In addition, at the higher carbon dioxide composition, an asphaltic phase was formed at high pressures together with liquid–liquid phases. Similarly, crude oil and methane systems presented a liquid–liquid immiscibility region at methane composition above 60.0 mol % in all temperature domain studied. The Peng–Robinson equation of state was used for modeling purposes, and liquid–liquid and liquid–liquid–vapor transitions were qualitatively described. Additionally, it was observed that liquid–liquid equilibria behavior was highly dependent on the crude oil heavy fraction immiscibility because of the increasing system asymmetry by increasing mixture gas content.

A wide variation in composition and thermodynamic properties is expected for different reservoir fluids, from simplest one containing only methane and light compounds, to those with high compositional complexity. In this work, phase behavior of six different reservoir fluids recombined with methane was compared and contrasted. From our past work [Romero Yanes et. al. (2019), DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.115850], a low asphaltene crude oil (28.0 °API, 0.68 wt % n-C7 asphaltenes), here referred as BRO, has presented a complex phase behavior when mixed with methane, especially when methane content is around 75.0 mol%. Based on these results, it was studied in this work the phase behavior of six different crude oil mixed with 75.0 mol% of methane. Samples main characteristics can be summarized as follows: a light condensate fluid (P1, 44.0 °API, and not detected n-C7 asphaltenes), three medium crude oils [(P2, 30.8 °API, and 0.09 wt % n-C7 asphaltenes); (P3, 26.0 °API, and 0.54 wt % n-C7 asphaltenes); and (P4, 25....

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:40:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-08-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The Avalon biota (Ediacaran Period, 570–559 Ma) marks the first appearance of macroscopic and complex benthic communities in the fossil record. This assemblage is known from a few localities worldwide, mainly in Canada and England. Here, we report for the first time the presence of Ediacaran macrofossils in deposits of similar age from Gondwana (Itajaí Basin, southern Brazil). Our new radiometric date (~563 Ma) indicates that the Itajaí Basin can be chronocorrelated with the classic Avalonian deposits and thus represents one of the oldest records of the Ediacaran biota in Gondwana. We describe the presence of the Ediacaran genus Palaeopascichnus, as well as discs (Aspidella and Nimbia), and other problematic forms. Contrary to the deep-marine macroorganisms of the Avalon Assemblage, the Itajaí fossils are associated with abundant and exceptionally preserved three-dimensional microbial mats and microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in relatively shallow settings (upper slope and distal delta front deposits). In this sense, the Itajaí biota could represent early adaptations of benthic macrobiota to the shallower and more photic environments that characterize the later White Sea Assemblage. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Washington Luiz, 325km Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) IC2MP 7285 University of Poitiers Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos Petrobras Instituto de Geociências Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562, Cidade Universitária Petrobras Research Centre – CENPES Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas (IGCE) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de São Carlos – campus Sorocaba, Rod. João Leme dos Santos km 110 Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa R 187 Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas (IGCE) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) FAPESP: 2016/01827-4 FAPESP: 2018/21886-0

International audience; The up to 3000 m thick Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic sedimentary succession exposed at the southern border of the São Francisco Craton, São João del Rei region (southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil), records the stacking of five sedimentary basins. These basins evolved due to multiple rifting episodes related to the southernmost Espinhaço rift system and were deformed around 600 Ma during the evolution of the Ribeira Orogen. These basins are the 1- São João del Rei Basin with quartzite units with maximum depositional age of ca. 1.5 Ga preserved in a half graben associated to the younger rift phases, 2- Carandaí Basin with rift related fault bounded debris flow deposits with maximum depositional age of ca. 1.38 Ga, and a sag carbonate infill recording the post-rift thermal relaxation, 3- Prados Basin, an NE-SW aulacogen linked to the passive margin Andrelândia Basin (

Continental breakup in magma-poor rifted margins can develop, in some instances, after the formation of a wide exhumed domain that can be several hundreds of km wide. As exhumation of the continental mantle occurs serpentinization, due to seawater circulation, can extend as far down as 5–6 km, as observed in refraction seismic data. The impact caused by the process of serpentinization within the evolving ocean may have the potential to change: (i) seawater chemistry; (ii) sustain the evolution of primitive life; (iii) control depositional environments; and (iv) form weak zones preferentially used during the formation, reactivation and subduction of distal rifted margins. Based on geological observations, and geophysical and geochemical data from present-day and fossil zones of exhumed continental mantle, we present a first-order quantification showing that approximately 0.380 km3 of water per km2 can be stored in the mantle. Using simple methods, it can be shown that serpentinization may account for a significant loss of Si, Mg, Fe, Mn, Ca, Ni and Cr during serpentinization of mantle rocks. In particular during latest stages of rifting, when basins are often restricted and seaways are not yet connected, exhumation and the serpentinization of large areas of continental mantle may result in a major transfer of elements between the main Earth reservoirs, such as the mantle and seawater.

Seafloor methane emissions can affect Earth’s climate and ocean chemistry. Vast quantities of methane formed by microbial decomposition of organic matter are locked within gas hydrate and free gas on continental slopes, particularly in large areas with high sediment accumulations such as deep-sea fans. The release of methane in slope environments has frequently been associated with dissociation of gas hydrates near the edge of the gas hydrate stability zone on the upper slope, with discharges in greater water depths less understood. Here we show, using data from the Rio Grande Cone (western South Atlantic), that the intrinsic, gravity-induced downslope collapse of thick slope sediment accumulations creates structures that serve as pathways for gas migration, unlocking methane and causing seafloor emissions via giant gas flares in the water column. The observed emissions in the study region (up to 310 Mg year−1) are three times greater than estimates for the entire US North Atlantic margin and reveal the importance of collapsing sediment accumulations for ocean carbon cycling. Similar outgassing systems on the Amazon and Niger fans suggest that gravity tectonics on passive margins is a common yet overlooked mechanism driving massive seafloor methane emissions in sediment-laden continental slopes.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:39:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:21:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S2317-48892015000300399.pdf: 34425541 bytes, checksum: 7c8b5ed639cd64992fe8175a4f123beb (MD5) Petrobras Salta Basin is located in the northwest of Argentina and its origin is related to an intracontinental rift which was formed during the Cretaceous and early Paleogene. It is subdivided into four sub-basins (Lomas de Olmedo - east; Sey - west; Tres Cruces - north; and Metán-Alemania - south) that were filled by sediments from the Pirgua (synrift phase), Balbuena and Santa Bárbara (both in sag phase) Subgroups. The Subgroup or Supersequence Balbuena is divided into four sequences: Balbuena I, II, III and IV, from bottom to top. This research identified microbial filaments in scanning electron microscope images from stromatolites and laminites samples of Balbuena III Sequence (Maastrichtian/Danian), Yacoraite Formation, in the Metán-Alemania Sub-basin, situated in Cabra Corral dam region, district of Coronel Moldes, Argentina. The occurrence of these filaments, identified in limestones formed in dry weather periods and deposited in the closed lake interval of the studied sequence, indicates the influence of biological activity in the formation of these rocks. The identification of microbial filaments, preserved from cyanobacteria structures, supports the palaeoenvironmental interpretation, since the occurrence of these microorganisms is limited to the photic zone and is common to stressful environments. The laminites of the studied area have been interpreted as formed in supralittoral mudflats in the vadose zone, while the stromatolites were formed in sublittoral environment, being constantly submerged. In addition to the microbialites, the Balbuena III Sequence consists of carbonates, siliciclastic and mixed facies which have been deposited in a lacustrine environment. Centro de Pesquisas Da Petrobras - CENPES Universidade Federal Do Paraná - UFPR Petrobras - Exploração e Produção Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP

Phase behavior of reservoir fluids is crucial for an efficient production development project. In this paper, a new dataset of phase transitions of Brazilian pre-salt crude oil mixed with methane systems is presented and phase behavior discussed under different analytical technics. A series of mixtures of a dead crude (API 28.0, 0.68 wt% of asphaltenes) with 65.0, 67.5, 70.0, 72.5, and 75.0 mol% of methane were studied by constant mass expansion in a PVT cell, coupled with a high-pressure microscopy (HPM). Pressure-volume data shows slight phase transition, with a not evident break due to difference on compressibility, specially by increasing methane molar content. For this reason, beside of visual observation, a near-infrared (NIR) transmittance was used for a proper identification of bubble point pressure. NIR transmittance also allow the detection of phase transitions above bubble point, that was confirmed by intermediate of by HPM analysis. A dispersion of fine particles was detected, and it was associated with asphaltenes onset, for the systems with high content of gas (72.5 and 75.0 mol% of methane). NIR transmittance along with micrographs taken during system pressurization confirm a low asphaltene hysteresis redissolution, with no flocs and mayor aggregates formation and rapid redissolution after system pressurization. This phenomenon could be related to the low content of asphaltenes on the crude oil sample.

International audience; Minerals and elements are important proxies that can provide information about variations in the delivery and deposition of coastal ocean sediments associated with past climate changes. In this study, postglacial changes in the accumulation of sediments on the upper shelf of southeastern Brazil are linked to the evolution of regional paleoceanographic and continental paleoclimatic conditions during the last 14.4 kyr CAL BP. Mineralogical and major and trace element analyses of a 14C-dated sediment core identify three main lithostratigraphic units of this core that reveal a succession of changes in sediment delivery and accumulation as postglacial sea level rose and Holocene climate on land evolved. The depositional setting has transitioned in response to the large sea level rise prior to 9.9 kyr CAL BP from being a shallow water high energy environment to a deeper water one. This location has since then been a lower energy environment that has persisted into modern times. Due to the high marine productivity associated with the Cabo Frio upwelling system in an oxygenated water column, the sediments have shown a complex and dynamic redox condition, making variations in redox-sensitive trace elements indicative of changes in primary production and organic matter diagenesis at this location. After sea level stabilized ~ 9 kyr CAL BP, variations in fluxes of Al, Fe, Ca, and minerals were small, indicating that climate driven changes had only secondary controls on delivery of detrital sediment components to the Cabo Frio shelf. Modern coastal upwelling conditions and the onset of mid-shelf organic-rich sediment deposition were established after 9.9 CAL kyr BP.

The formation of inorganic scale, particularly calcium carbonate (CaCO3), is a persistent and one of the most serious and costly problems in the oil and gas industries. This event may cause partial to complete plugging, block valves, tubing and flowlines, and then reduce the production rates. This article proposes the use of support vector regression to build a nonlinear mapping between a set of variables (surface cladding, material, temperature, pressure, brine composition, and fluid velocity) and the scale build-up. The support vector regression is fed with data gathered from laboratory tests carried out on coupons that simulate realistic downhole conditions encountered in oil well bores from the pre-salt fields in Brazil. The proposed failure prediction framework is comprehensive as it entails the stages of hyperparameter tuning, variable selection, and uncertainty analysis, which are addressed by a combination of particle swarm optimization and bootstrap with support vector regression. The obtained results suggest that the bootstrapped particle swarm optimization + support vector regression is a valuable tool that may be used to support condition-based maintenance-related decisions.

The phylum Mollusca includes one of the most beautiful examples of colour patterns in present-day shells. However, they are rare in the fossil record because they demand excellent fossilization. In Brazil, colour patterns in fossil mollusk shells are recorded in gastropods Natica aff. bulbulus White, 1887 from the Riachuelo Formation (Aptian-Albian), Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. This paper presents the first gastropod shells from the Romualdo Formation with colour patterns, visible under natural and UV light, belonging to the families Naticidae and Cassiopidae, collected at Santo Antônio outcrop municipality of Exu, Pernambuco and, Pinheiro and Serra do Mãozinha sites, municipality of Missão Velha and Romualdo site, municipality of Crato, Ceará. Among the cassiopids more than 100 specimens were tested, with 1/3 of them showing a residual colour pattern under UV light exposure, after chemical preparation. They correspond to the species Paraglauconia (Diglauconia) araripensis (Beurlen, 1964), Paraglauconia (Diglauconia) lyrica Maury, 1934, Gymnentome (Gymnentome) carregozica (Maury, 1934) and Gymnentome (Gymnentome) romualdoi Beurlen, 1964. The colour pattern is virtually similar in both genera, with fluorescent stripes on a dark background, showing the taxonomic similarity between them. As for the naticids, about 20 specimens were collected and 15 show good preservation, observing the visible colour pattern under natural light in Natica sp. and Euspira sp.; both new taxa for the Araripe Basin. The residual colour pattern in naticids ranges from spiral stripes to sigmoidal lines and blotches of brown and yellowish tones on a paler background, as observed in fossil species of the same family in the Cenozoic. The new occurrences increase the fossiliferous diversity of mollusks of the Romualdo Formation and extend the understanding of the diversity of colouration patterns of Lower Cretaceous gastropods.

The paving field has experienced extensive changes due to the growth of traffic. In order to attend this evolution, it became necessary the implementation of a new methodoly for pavement designing that uses a mechanistic-empirical approach. This paper aims to compare, structurally and financially, three structures, one designed using the DNIT’s method and two through “Método de Dimensionamento Nacional – MeDiNa”. The three structures were analyzed concerning the behavior in relation to permanent deformation, fatigue life and regarding the necessary investment to pave one-kilometer duplication of an existent highway. Even though the two structures designed through MeDiNa were find to be more expensive than the one designed using DNITs precepts, when considering the cost related to the number of load requests supported by the pavement, structures designed through MeDiNa proved to be more reliable in face of layers damage and presented a good cost per supported requests.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:41:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-89132010000500027.pdf: 63863 bytes, checksum: b8d04408fdb9206a52d4db1f97b99882 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:41:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-89132010000500027.pdf: 63863 bytes, checksum: b8d04408fdb9206a52d4db1f97b99882 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-89132010000500027.pdf: 63863 bytes, checksum: b8d04408fdb9206a52d4db1f97b99882 (MD5) S1516-89132010000500027.pdf.txt: 20241 bytes, checksum: e5bb83dbbcfdc430171b8f31add5c615 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:56:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-89132010000500027.pdf: 63863 bytes, checksum: b8d04408fdb9206a52d4db1f97b99882 (MD5) S1516-89132010000500027.pdf.txt: 20241 bytes, checksum: e5bb83dbbcfdc430171b8f31add5c615 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:56:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-89132010000500027.pdf: 63863 bytes, checksum: b8d04408fdb9206a52d4db1f97b99882 (MD5) S1516-89132010000500027.pdf.txt: 20241 bytes, checksum: e5bb83dbbcfdc430171b8f31add5c615 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01 Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP) Este trabalho objetivou estudar o efeito da vinhaça na biodegradação em solo da borra oleosa proveniente da refinaria de petróleo Replan-Petrobras. Foi utilizado o método respirométrico de Bartha para verificar a eficiência de tratamentos constituídos de solo, borra oleosa nas concentrações 7 e 14 % (m/m) e ajuste da umidade do solo com e sem vinhaça (0,11 mL/g solo seco) durante 121 dias. Embora a adição da vinhaça tenha proporcionado um aumento da população microbiana nos tratamentos, esta não se mostrou adequada para aumentar a eficiência de biodegradação da borra oleosa em solo, uma vez que não houve diferença entre o CO2 produzido nos tratamentos com ou sem vinhaça após o consumo total da vinhaça. Assim, o uso da vinhaça como agente estimulante em processos de biodegradação mostrou-se ineficiente nas condições estudadas. This work aimed to study the effect of vinasse on the biodegradation in soil of oily sludge from the Replan-Petrobras oil refinery. The Bartha respirometric method was used to verify the efficiency of the treatments with soil, oily sludge (7 and 14% m/m) and soil moisture adjustment with or without vinasse (0.11 mL/g dry soil) for 121 days. Although an increase in the soil microbial population was obtained with the vinasse, it demonstrated not to be adequate to enhance the biodegradation efficiency of the oily sludge in soil, since there was no difference between the CO2 produced from treatments with or without vinasse after the complete consumption of the vinasse. Thus, the use of vinasse as an amendment to biodegradation processes showed not to be efficient under the studied conditions. Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Petrobras Refinaria de Paulínia Petrobras Centro de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia ANP: PRH-05

This research focuses on performing multiphase solid/liquid/gas CFD simulations of a UASB reactor in order to obtain a validated model that provides a clearer understanding of the hydrodynamic behaviour of the three phases in UASB reactors. Eulerian–Eulerian, laminar, three-dimensional, multiphase simulations are carried out using Fluent 16.2. The liquid phase velocity and flow profile are validated through PIV experiments. A liquid mean velocity difference of 8.45% is found between the experimental and numerical results, thus validating the CFD model. Shadowgraphy is applied successfully to validate the biogas phase velocity and bubble size. Based on the hydrodynamic analysis results, the reactor can be divided into four regions, according to its mixing conditions. For the flow rates studied, minimal solids washout is observed. In the present research, only 0.02% of the volume are dead zones within the reactor, which indicates good mixing conditions. The reactor shows a recirculation stream at the centre that has an important role in relation to the mixing conditions. The validated model can be used for further studies on the optimisation of UASB reactors.

A suite of one- and two-dimensional solid-state NMR methods was used to follow the complex structural changes in different types of phosphorus species in P-ZSM-5 zeolites that were generated upon treatment of H-ZSM5 zeolites with 0–15% P 2 O 5 , followed by calcination or calcination and steaming. Through space and through bond 27 Al– 31 P correlations were used for the first time to study the interaction of phosphorus with the aluminum species. Homogeneous impregnation of phosphorus inside the zeolite channels was observed even at low concentrations. In the calcined samples, the 31 P resonances were assigned mainly to orthophosphates, short chain polyphosphates and condensed phosphates. These species were converted into various types of aluminum phosphates with steaming and with the increase in P content. The mechanisms of formation of phosphates and aluminum phosphates are proposed.

New, hitherto unpublished miospore information from the Middle and Upper Devonian of the Parnaiba Basin, northeastern and northcentral Brazil, has enabled refinement of the chitinozoan zonation recently proposed for that basin. To a large extent, Devonian miospore zones defined for the Amazonas Basin can be also recognized in the Parnaiba Basin and other Western Gondwanan basins. The miospore zones are discussed and compared to the coeval Southern Euramerican miospore zonation, the regional Petrobras palynozones, and to the chitinozoan zonation of the Parnaiba Basin, additional Western Gondwanan regions, and other parts of the world.

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of oil contamination and biostimulation (soil pH raise, and nitrogen, phosphate and sulphur addition) on the diversity of a bacterial community of an acidic Cambisol under Atlantic Forest. The experiment was based on the enumeration of bacterial populations and hydrocarbon degraders in microcosms through the use of conventional plating techniques and molecular fingerprinting of samples directly from the environment. PCR followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to generate microbial community fingerprints employing 16S rRNA gene as molecular marker. Biostimulation led to increases of soil pH (to 7.0) and of the levels of phosphorus and K, Ca, and Mg. Oil contamination caused an increase in soil organic carbon (170-190% higher than control soil). Total bacterial counts were stable throughout the experiment, while MPN counts of hydrocarbon degraders showed an increase in the biostimulated and oil-contaminated soil samples. Molecular fingerprinting performed with 16S rRNA gene PCR and DGGE analysis revealed stable patterns along the 360 days of experiment, showing little change in oil-contaminated microcosms after 90 days. The DGGE patterns of the biostimulated samples showed severe changes due to decreases in the number of bands as compared to the control samples as from 15 days after addition of nutrients to the soil. Results obtained in the present study indicate that the addition of inorganic compounds to soil in conjunction with oil contamination has a greater impact on the bacterial community than oil contamination only. Made available in DSpace on 2021-10-20T02:11:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Impact-of-oil-contamination-and-biostimulation-2004.pdf: 512274 bytes, checksum: 548d60683c28cccff2ce3fe7627265e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 Na publicação: Pedro L. O. A. Machado.