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81,133 results on '"Pettersson A"'

2. Tailoring fusion-based photonic quantum computing schemes to quantum emitters

Author

Chan, Ming Lai, Bell, Thomas J., Pettersson, Love A., Chen, Susan X., Yard, Patrick, Sørensen, Anders Søndberg, and Paesani, Stefano

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Fusion-based quantum computation is a promising quantum computing model where small-sized photonic resource states are simultaneously entangled and measured by fusion gates. Such operations can be readily implemented with scalable photonic hardware: resource states can be deterministically generated by quantum emitters and fusions require only shallow linear-optical circuits. Here, we propose fusion-based architectures tailored to the capabilities and noise models in quantum emitters. We show that high tolerance to dominant physical error mechanisms can be achieved, with fault-tolerance thresholds of 8% for photon loss, 4% for photon distinguishability between emitters, and spin noise thresholds well above memory-induced errors for typical spin-photon interfaces. Our construction and analysis provide guidelines for the development of photonic quantum hardware targeting fault-tolerant applications with quantum emitters., Comment: Added proofs in Supplementary

Published
2024

3. Dynamics of contaminant flow through porous media containing biochar adsorbers

Author

Pettersson, Kaj, Nordlander, Albin, Kalagasidis, Angela Sasic, Modin, Oskar, and Maggiolo, Dario

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Evidence has shown green roof fertilizers released by higher intensity rainfalls contribute as a contaminant to local aquifers. To reduce this, biochar is used as an additive in green roof soil substrates as a fertilizer storage and dispersal regulatory aid. The evolution of contaminant transport and adsorption by biochar added to a packed bed is analyzed using experiments and simulations. Experiment 1 is used to determine the equilibrium capacity and adsorption rate of two types of biochar when immersed in a methylene blue solution. Breakthrough curves of a packed bed of glass beads with randomly interspersed biochar are determined in experiment 2. Simulations are then run to investigate the solute transport and adsorption dynamics at the pore-scale. An analytical model is proposed to capture the behavior of the biochar adsorption capacity and the simulation results are compared with experiment 2. A pore-scale analysis showed that uniformly sized beds are superior in contaminant breakthrough reduction, which is related to the adsorptive surface area and the rate at which adsorption capacity is reached. Cases using the adsorption capacity model display a tight distribution of particle surface concentration at later simulation times, indicating maximum possible adsorption. The beds with dissimilar particle sizes create more channeling effects which reduce adsorptive particle efficiency and consequently higher breakthrough concentration profiles. Comparison between experiments and simulations show good agreement. Improved biochar performance can be achieved by maintaining particle size uniformity alongside high adsorption capacity and adsorption rates appropriate to the rainfall intensity.

Published
2024

4. Fast unconditional reset and leakage reduction in fixed-frequency transmon qubits

Author

Chen, Liangyu, Fors, Simon Pettersson, Yan, Zixian, Ali, Anaida, Abad, Tahereh, Osman, Amr, Moschandreou, Eleftherios, Lienhard, Benjamin, Kosen, Sandoko, Li, Hang-Xi, Shiri, Daryoush, Liu, Tong, Hill, Stefan, Amin, Abdullah-Al, Rehammar, Robert, Dahiya, Mamta, Nylander, Andreas, Rommel, Marcus, Roudsari, Anita Fadavi, Caputo, Marco, Leif, Grönberg, Govenius, Joonas, Dobsicek, Miroslav, Giannelli, Michele Faucci, Kockum, Anton Frisk, Bylander, Jonas, and Tancredi, Giovanna

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

The realization of fault-tolerant quantum computing requires the execution of quantum error-correction (QEC) schemes, to mitigate the fragile nature of qubits. In this context, to ensure the success of QEC, a protocol capable of implementing both qubit reset and leakage reduction is highly desirable. We demonstrate such a protocol in an architecture consisting of fixed-frequency transmon qubits pair-wise coupled via tunable couplers -- an architecture that is compatible with the surface code. We use tunable couplers to transfer any undesired qubit excitation to the readout resonator of the qubit, from which this excitation decays into the feedline. In total, the combination of qubit reset, leakage reduction, and coupler reset takes only 83ns to complete. Our reset scheme is fast, unconditional, and achieves fidelities well above 99%, thus enabling fixed-frequency qubit architectures as future implementations of fault-tolerant quantum computers. Our protocol also provides a means to both reduce QEC cycle runtime and improve algorithmic fidelity on quantum computers.

Published
2024

5. Investigating team maturity in an agile automotive reorganization

Author

Gren, Lucas and Pettersson, Niclas

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

About seven years ago, Volvo Cars initiated a large-scale agile transformation. Midst this journey, a significant restructuring of the R&D department took place. Our study aims to illuminate how team maturity levels are impacted during such comprehensive reorganizations. We collected data from 63 teams to comprehend the effects of organizational changes on these agile teams. Additionally, qualitative data was gathered to validate our findings and explore underlying reasons. Contrary to what was expected, the reorganization did not significantly alter the distribution of team maturity. High turnover rates and frequent reorganizations were identified as key factors to why the less mature teams remained in the early stages of team development. Conversely, teams in the second category remained stable at a higher maturity stage, primarily because the teams themselves remained largely intact, with only management structures changing. In conclusion, while reorganizations may hinder some teams' development, others maintain stability at a higher level of maturity despite substantial managerial changes.

Published
2024

6. Exploring the Transactional Distance in Two Remote Teaching and Learning Environments of K-12 Students: The Balancing Art of Interaction

Author

Fanny Pettersson and Maria Lindfors

Abstract

An increasing number of K-12 students are being offered distance and remote teaching alternatives. As digital technology enables education to reach greater physical distances, to more students, and evolve into various instructional forms, it raises questions about the consistency between different distance and remote teaching modalities in terms of student learning experiences and the role of instructors. In this study, students' perceptions of the psychosocial environment are analyzed using transactional distance (TD) as a theoretical lens to understand their perceptions of closeness and/or distance in a remote teaching and learning environment. Qualitative and quantitative (descriptive) data were collected using a survey based on What Is Happening In this Class (WIHIC) and the Learning Climate Questionnaire (LCQ). The data represent 271 students (73% response rate) from 25 schools and 44 classrooms. Results show that aspects of TD vary between the learning environments, leading to various design issues for distance and remote teachers to consider. A prominent contribution is that challenges faced in the field of distance education are not solely technical in nature. While students' evaluations of technology may be quite similar, it is the interaction and perceived accessibility in the learning environment that significantly influence the learning experience. Based on the results, it is also concluded that survey could be used to strategically evaluate TD with the potential to develop remote teaching and learning practices in schools.

Published
2024

7. Influence of mesenchymal and biophysical components on distal lung organoid differentiation.

Author

Goltsis, Olivia, Bilodeau, Claudia, Wang, Jinxia, Luo, Daochun, Asgari, Meisam, Bozec, Laurent, Pettersson, Ante, Leibel, Sandra, and Post, Martin

Subjects
Alveolar organoids, Lung fibroblasts, Mechanical strain, Pluripotent stem cells, Humans, Organoids, Cell Differentiation, Lung, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Mesoderm, Coculture Techniques, Pulmonary Alveoli
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chronic lung disease of prematurity, called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), lacks effective therapies, stressing the need for preclinical testing systems that reflect human pathology for identifying causal pathways and testing novel compounds. Alveolar organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) are promising test platforms for studying distal airway diseases like BPD, but current protocols do not accurately replicate the distal niche environment of the native lung. Herein, we investigated the contributions of cellular constituents of the alveolus and fetal respiratory movements on hPSC-derived alveolar organoid formation. METHODS: Human PSCs were differentiated in 2D culture into lung progenitor cells (LPC) which were then further differentiated into alveolar organoids before and after removal of co-developing mesodermal cells. LPCs were also differentiated in Transwell® co-cultures with and without human fetal lung fibroblast. Forming organoids were subjected to phasic mechanical strain using a Flexcell® system. Differentiation within organoids and Transwell® cultures was assessed by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and qPCR for lung epithelial and alveolar markers of differentiation including GATA binding protein 6 (GATA 6), E-cadherin (CDH1), NK2 Homeobox 1 (NKX2-1), HT2-280, surfactant proteins B (SFTPB) and C (SFTPC). RESULTS: We observed that co-developing mesenchymal progenitors promote alveolar epithelial type 2 cell (AEC2) differentiation within hPSC-derived lung organoids. This mesenchymal effect on AEC2 differentiation was corroborated by co-culturing hPSC-NKX2-1+ lung progenitors with human embryonic lung fibroblasts. The stimulatory effect did not require direct contact between fibroblasts and NKX2-1+ lung progenitors. Additionally, we demonstrate that episodic mechanical deformation of hPSC-derived lung organoids, mimicking in situ fetal respiratory movements, increased AEC2 differentiation without affecting proximal epithelial differentiation. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that biophysical and mesenchymal components promote AEC2 differentiation within hPSC-derived distal organoids in vitro.

Published
2024

8. Comprehensive explanation of ZZ coupling in superconducting qubits

Author

Fors, Simon Pettersson, Fernández-Pendás, Jorge, and Kockum, Anton Frisk

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

A major challenge for scaling up superconducting quantum computers is unwanted couplings between qubits, which lead to always-on ZZ couplings that impact gate fidelities by shifting energy levels conditional on qubit states. To tackle this challenge, we introduce analytical and numerical techniques, including a diagrammatic perturbation theory and a state-assignment algorithm, as well as a refined intuitive picture for the workings of the ZZ coupling. Together, these tools enable a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind the ZZ coupling and facilitate finding parameter regions of weak and strong ZZ coupling. We showcase these techniques for a system consisting of two fixed-frequency transmon qubits connected by a flux-tunable transmon coupler. There, we find three types of parameter regions with zero or near-zero ZZ coupling, all of which are accessible with current technology. We furthermore find regions of strong ZZ coupling nearby, which may be used to implement adiabatic controlled-phase gates. Our methods are applicable to many types of qubits and open up for the design of large-scale quantum computers with improved gate fidelities., Comment: 35 pages, 12 figures

Published
2024

9. Observation of the Electromagnetic Dalitz Transition $h_c \rightarrow e^+e^-\eta_c$

Author

BESIII Collaboration, Ablikim, M., Achasov, M. N., Adlarson, P., Ahmed, S., Albrecht, M., Aliberti, R., Amoroso, A., An, M. R., An, Q., Bai, X. H., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Balossino, I., Ban, Y., Begzsuren, K., Berger, N., Bertani, M., Bettoni, D., Bianchi, F., Bloms, J., Bortone, A., Boyko, I., Briere, R. A., Cai, H., Cai, X., Calcaterra, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, N., Cetin, S. A., Chang, J. F., Chang, W. L., Chelkov, G., Chen, D. Y., Chen, G., Chen, H. S., Chen, M. L., Chen, S. J., Chen, X. R., Chen, Y. B., Chen, Z. J, Cheng, W. S., Cibinetto, G., Cossio, F., Cui, X. F., Dai, H. L., Dai, X. C., Dbeyssi, A., de Boer, R. E., Dedovich, D., Deng, Z. Y., Denig, A., Denysenko, I., Destefanis, M., De Mori, F., Ding, Y., Dong, C., Dong, J., Dong, L. Y., Dong, M. Y., Dong, X., Du, S. X., Fan, Y. L., Fang, J., Fang, S. S., Fang, Y., Farinelli, R., Fava, L., Feldbauer, F., Felici, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, J. H., Fritsch, M., Fu, C. D., Gao, Y., Gao, Y. G., Garzia, I., Ge, P. T., Geng, C., Gersabeck, E. M., Gilman, A, Goetzen, K., Gong, L., Gong, W. X., Gradl, W., Greco, M., Gu, L. M., Gu, M. H., Gu, S., Gu, Y. T., Guan, C. Y, Guo, A. Q., Guo, L. B., Guo, R. P., Guo, Y. P., Guskov, A., Han, T. T., Han, W. Y., Hao, X. Q., Harris, F. A., Hüsken, N, He, K. L., Heinsius, F. H., Heinz, C. H., Held, T., Heng, Y. K., Herold, C., Himmelreich, M., Holtmann, T., Hou, Y. R., Hou, Z. L., Hu, H. M., Hu, J. F., Hu, T., Hu, Y., Huang, G. S., Huang, L. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. P., Huang, Z., Hussain, T., Andersson, W. Ikegami, Imoehl, W., Irshad, M., Jaeger, S., Janchiv, S., Ji, Q., Ji, Q. P., Ji, X. B., Ji, X. L., Ji, Y. Y., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, X. S., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jin, S., Jin, Y., Johansson, T., Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N., Kang, X. S., Kappert, R., Kavatsyuk, M., Ke, B. C., Keshk, I. K., Khoukaz, A., Kiese, P., Kiuchi, R., Kliemt, R., Koch, L., Kolcu, O. B., Kopf, B., Kuemmel, M., Kuessner, M., Kupsc, A., Kurth, M. G., Kühn, W., Lane, J. J., Lange, J. S., Larin, P., Lavania, A., Lavezzi, L., Lei, Z. H., Leithoff, H., Lellmann, M., Lenz, T., Li, C., Li, C. H., Li, Cheng, Li, D. M., Li, F., Li, G., Li, H., Li, H. B., Li, H. J., Li, J. L., Li, J. Q., Li, J. S., Li, Ke, Li, L. K., Li, Lei, Li, P. R., Li, S. Y., Li, W. D., Li, W. G., Li, X. H., Li, X. L., Li, Xiaoyu, Li, Z. Y., Liang, H., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. T., Liao, G. R., Liao, L. Z., Libby, J., Lin, C. X., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. X., Liu, D., Liu, F. H., Liu, Fang, Liu, Feng, Liu, H. B., Liu, H. M., Liu, Huanhuan, Liu, Huihui, Liu, J. B., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, Ke, Liu, L., Liu, M. H., Liu, P. L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, Shuai, Liu, T., Liu, W. M., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. B., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. Q., Lou, X. C., Lu, F. X., Lu, H. J., Lu, J. D., Lu, J. G., Lu, X. L., Lu, Y., Lu, Y. P., Luo, C. L., Luo, M. X., Luo, P. W., Luo, T., Luo, X. L., Lusso, S., Lyu, X. R., Ma, F. C., Ma, H. L., Ma, L. L., Ma, M. M., Ma, Q. M., Ma, R. Q., Ma, R. T., Ma, X. X., Ma, X. Y., Maas, F. E., Maggiora, M., Maldaner, S., Malde, S., Malik, Q. A., Mangoni, A., Mao, Y. J., Mao, Z. P., Marcello, S., Meng, Z. X., Messchendorp, J. G., Mezzadri, G., Min, T. J., Mitchell, R. E., Mo, X. H., Mo, Y. J., Muchnoi, N. Yu., Muramatsu, H., Nakhoul, S., Nefedov, Y., Nerling, F., Nikolaev, I. B., Ning, Z., Nisar, S., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pacetti, S., Pan, X., Pan, Y., Pathak, A., Patteri, P., Pelizaeus, M., Peng, H. P., Peters, K., Pettersson, J., Ping, J. L., Ping, R. G., Poling, R., Prasad, V., Qi, H., Qi, H. R., Qi, K. H., Qi, M., Qi, T. Y., Qian, S., Qian, W. B., Qian, Z., Qiao, C. F., Qin, L. Q., Qin, X. P., Qin, X. S., Qin, Z. H., Qiu, J. F., Qu, S. Q., Rashid, K. H., Ravindran, K., Redmer, C. F., Rivetti, A., Rodin, V., Rolo, M., Rong, G., Rosner, Ch., Rump, M., Sang, H. S., Sarantsev, A., Schelhaas, Y., Schnier, C., Schoenning, K., Scodeggio, M., Shan, D. C., Shan, W., Shan, X. Y., Shangguan, J. F., Shao, M., Shen, C. P., Shen, P. X., Shen, X. Y., Shi, H. C., Shi, R. S., Shi, X., Shi, X. D, Song, J. J., Song, W. M., Song, Y. X., Sosio, S., Spataro, S., Su, K. X., Su, P. P., Sui, F. F., Sun, G. X., Sun, H. K., Sun, J. F., Sun, L., Sun, S. S., Sun, T., Sun, W. Y., Sun, X, Sun, Y. J., Sun, Y. K., Sun, Y. Z., Sun, Z. T., Tan, Y. H., Tan, Y. X., Tang, C. J., Tang, G. Y., Tang, J., Teng, J. X., Thoren, V., Tian, Y. T., Uman, I., Wang, B., Wang, C. W., Wang, D. Y., Wang, H. J., Wang, H. P., Wang, K., Wang, L. L., Wang, M., Wang, M. Z., Wang, Meng, Wang, W., Wang, W. H., Wang, W. P., Wang, X., Wang, X. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Y. Y., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Ziyi, Wang, Zongyuan, Wei, D. H., Weidenkaff, P., Weidner, F., Wen, S. P., White, D. J., Wiedner, U., Wilkinson, G., Wolke, M., Wollenberg, L., Wu, J. F., Wu, L. H., Wu, L. J., Wu, X., Wu, Z., Xia, L., Xiao, H., Xiao, S. Y., Xiao, Z. J., Xie, X. H., Xie, Y. G., Xie, Y. H., Xing, T. Y., Xu, G. F., Xu, Q. J., Xu, W., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. C., Yan, F., Yan, L., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, Xu, Yang, H. J., Yang, H. X., Yang, L., Yang, S. L., Yang, Y. X., Yang, Yifan, Yang, Zhi, Ye, M., Ye, M. H., Yin, J. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, B. X., Yu, C. X., Yu, G., Yu, J. S., Yu, T., Yuan, C. Z., Yuan, L., Yuan, X. Q., Yuan, Y., Yuan, Z. Y., Yue, C. X., Yuncu, A., Zafar, A. A., Zeng, Y., Zhang, B. X., Zhang, Guangyi, Zhang, H., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. J., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. Q., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Jianyu, Zhang, Jiawei, Zhang, L. M., Zhang, L. Q., Zhang, Lei, Zhang, S., Zhang, S. F., Zhang, Shulei, Zhang, X. D., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yao, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, G., Zhao, J., Zhao, J. Y., Zhao, J. Z., Zhao, Lei, Zhao, Ling, Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, S. J., Zhao, Y. B., Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, Z. G., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, J. P., Zheng, W. J., Zheng, Y., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, B., Zhong, C., Zhou, L. P., Zhou, Q., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, X. Y., Zhu, A. N., Zhu, J., Zhu, K., Zhu, K. J., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, T. J., Zhu, W. J., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Z. A., Zou, B. S., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Using $(27.12\pm 0.14)\times10^8$ $\psi(3686)$ decays and data samples of $e^+e^-$ collisions with $\sqrt{s}$ from 4.130 to 4.780~GeV collected with the BESIII detector, we report the first observation of the electromagnetic Dalitz transition $h_c\to e^+e^-\eta_c$ with a statistical significance of $5.4\sigma$. We measure the ratio of the branching fractions $\frac{\mathcal{B}(h_c\rightarrow e^+e^-\eta_c)}{\mathcal{B}(h_c\rightarrow \gamma \eta_c)}$ separately for the $h_c$ samples produced via $\psi(3686)\to\pi^0h_c$ and $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-h_c$. The average ratio is determined to be $(0.59\pm0.10(\text{stat.})\pm0.04(\text{syst.}))\%$, where the uncertainty includes both statistical and systematic components.

Published
2024

10. Deterministic generation of concatenated graph codes from quantum emitters

Author

Pettersson, Love A., Sørensen, Anders S., and Paesani, Stefano

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Photon loss is the dominant noise mechanism in photonic quantum technologies. Designing fault-tolerant schemes with high tolerance to loss is thus a central challenge in scaling photonic quantum information processors. Concatenation of a fault-tolerant construction with a code able to efficiently correct loss is a promising approach to achieve this, but practical ways to implement code concatenation with photons have been lacking. We propose schemes for generating concatenated graph codes using multi-photon emission from two quantum emitters or a single quantum emitter coupled to a memory; capabilities available in several photonic platforms. We show that these schemes enable fault-tolerant fusion-based quantum computation in practical regimes with high photon loss and standard fusion gates without the need for auxiliary photons.

Published
2024

11. Multi-objective optimization for multi-agent injection strategies in subsurface CO$_2$ storage

Author

Pettersson, Per, Krumscheid, Sebastian, and Gasda, Sarah

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

We propose a novel framework for optimizing injection strategies in large-scale CO$_2$ storage combining multi-agent models with multi-objective optimization, and reservoir simulation. We investigate whether agents should form coalitions for collaboration to maximize the outcome of their storage activities. In multi-agent systems, it is typically assumed that the optimal strategy for any given coalition structure is already known, and it remains to identify which coalition structure is optimal according to some predefined criterion. For any coalition structure in this work, the optimal CO$_2$ injection strategy is not a priori known, and needs to be found by a combination of reservoir simulation and a multi-objective optimization problem. The multi-objective optimization problems all come with the numerical challenges of repeated evaluations of complex-physics models. We use versatile evolutionary algorithms to solve the multi-objective optimization problems, where the solution is a set of values, e.g., a Pareto front. The Pareto fronts are first computed using the so-called weighted sum method that transforms the multi-objective optimization problem into a set of single-objective optimization problems. Results based on two different Pareto front selection criteria are presented. Then a truly multi-objective optimization method is used to obtain the Pareto fronts, and compared to the previous weighted sum method. We demonstrate the proposed framework on the Bjarmeland formation, a pressure-limited prospective storage site in the Barents Sea. The problem is constrained by the maximum sustainable pressure buildup and a supply of CO$_2$ that can vary over time. In addition to identifying the optimal coalitions, the methodology shows how distinct suboptimal coalitions perform in comparison to the optimum.

Published
2024

13. Transforming graph states via Bell state measurements

Author

Löbl, Matthias C., Pettersson, Love A., Paesani, Stefano, and Sørensen, Anders S.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Graph states are key resources for measurement-based quantum computing which is particularly promising for photonic systems. Fusions are probabilistic Bell state measurements, measuring pairs of parity operators of two qubits. Fusions can be used to connect/entangle different graph states making them a powerful resource for measurement-based and the related fusion-based quantum computing. There are several different graph structures and types of Bell state measurements, yet the associated graph transformations have only been analyzed for a few specific cases. Here, we provide a full set of such graph transformation rules and we give an intuitive visualization based on Venn diagrams of local neighborhoods of graph nodes. We derive these graph transformations for all fusion types showing that there are five different types of fusion success cases. Finally, we give application examples of the derived graph transformation rules and show that they can be used for constructing graph codes or simulating fusion networks.

Published
2024

14. Reachability in temporal graphs under perturbation

Author

Enright, Jessica, Larios-Jones, Laura, Meeks, Kitty, and Pettersson, William

Subjects
Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

Reachability and other path-based measures on temporal graphs can be used to understand spread of infection, information, and people in modelled systems. Due to delays and errors in reporting, temporal graphs derived from data are unlikely to perfectly reflect reality, especially with respect to the precise times at which edges appear. To reflect this uncertainty, we consider a model in which some number $\zeta$ of edge appearances may have their timestamps perturbed by $\pm\delta$ for some $\delta$. Within this model, we investigate temporal reachability and consider the problem of determining the maximum number of vertices any vertex can reach under these perturbations. We show that this problem is intractable in general but is efficiently solvable when $\zeta$ is sufficiently large. We also give algorithms which solve this problem in several restricted settings. We complement this with some contrasting results concerning the complexity of related temporal eccentricity problems under perturbation., Comment: 36 pages, 3 figures

Published
2024

15. Generative AI and Teachers -- For Us or Against Us? A Case Study

Author

Pettersson, Jenny, Hult, Elias, Eriksson, Tim, and Adewumi, Tosin

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

We present insightful results of a survey on the adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) by university teachers in their teaching activities. The transformation of education by GenAI, particularly large language models (LLMs), has been presenting both opportunities and challenges, including cheating by students. We prepared the online survey according to best practices and the questions were created by the authors, who have pedagogy experience. The survey contained 12 questions and a pilot study was first conducted. The survey was then sent to all teachers in multiple departments across different campuses of the university of interest in Sweden: Lule{\aa} University of Technology. The survey was available in both Swedish and English. The results show that 35 teachers (more than half) use GenAI out of 67 respondents. Preparation is the teaching activity with the most frequency that GenAI is used for and ChatGPT is the most commonly used GenAI. 59% say it has impacted their teaching, however, 55% say there should be legislation around the use of GenAI, especially as inaccuracies and cheating are the biggest concerns., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Published
2024

16. Cell Electropermeabilization Modeling via Multiple Traces Formulation and Time Semi-Implicit Coupling

Author

Ávila, Isabel A. Martínez, Jerez-Hanckes, Carlos, and Pettersson, Irina

Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, 65M38, 65R20, 65Z05
Abstract

We simulate the electrical response of multiple disjoint biological 3D cells undergoing an electropermeabilization process. Instead of solving the boundary value problem in the unbounded volume, we reduce it to a system of boundary integrals equations--the local Multiple Traces Formulation--coupled with nonlinear dynamics on the cell membranes. Though in time the model is highly non-linear and poorly regular, the smooth geometry allows for boundary unknowns to be spatially approximated by spherical harmonics. This leads to spectral convergence rates in space. In time, we use a multistep semi-implicit scheme. To ensure stability, the time step needs to be bounded by the smallest characteristic time of the system. Numerical results are provided to validate our claims and future enhancements are pointed out.

Published
2024

19. Pushing the boundaries of rare disease diagnostics with the help of the first Undiagnosed Hackathon

Author

Delgado-Vega, Angelica Maria, Cederroth, Helene, Taylan, Fulya, Ekholm, Katja, Ek, Marlene, Thonberg, Håkan, Jemt, Anders, Nilsson, Daniel, Eisfeldt, Jesper, Bilgrav Saether, Kristine, Höijer, Ida, Akgun-Dogan, Ozlem, Asano, Yui, Barakat, Tahsin Stefan, Batkovskyte, Dominyka, Baynam, Gareth, Bodamer, Olaf, Chetruengchai, Wanna, Corcoran, Pádraic, Couse, Madeline, Danis, Daniel, Demidov, German, Dohi, Eisuke, Erhardsson, Mattias, Fernandez-Luna, Luis, Fujiwara, Toyofumi, Garg, Neha, Giugliani, Roberto, Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia, Grigelioniene, Giedre, Groza, Tudor, Gunnarsson, Cecilia, Hammarsjö, Anna, Hammond, Charles Kumi, Hatirnaz Ng, Özden, Hesketh, Sirisha, Hettiarachchi, Dineshani, Johansson Soller, Maria, Kirmani, Umn Ahmed, Kjellberg, Martin, Kvarnung, Malin, Kvlividze, Oleg, Lagerstedt-Robinson, Kristina, Lasko, Paul, Lassmann, Timo, Lau, Lynette Y. S., Laurie, Steven, Lim, Weng Khong, Liu, Zhandong, Lysenkova Wiklander, Mariya, Makay, Prince, Maiga, Alassane Baneye, Maya-González, Carolina, Meyn, M. Stephen, Neethiraj, Ramprasad, Nigro, Vincenzo, Nordgren, Felix, Nordlund, Jessica, Orrsjö, Sara, Ottosson, Jesper, Ozbek, Ugur, Özdemir, Özkan, Partin, Clyde, Pearce, David A., Peck, Raquel, Pedersen, Annie, Pettersson, Maria, Pongpanich, Monnat, Posada de la Paz, Manuel, Ramani, Arun, Romero, Juan Andres, Romero, Vanessa I., Rosenquist, Richard, Saw, Aung Min, Spencer, Matthew, Stattin, Eva-Lena, Srichomthong, Chalurmpon, Tapia-Paez, Isabel, Taruscio, Domenica, Taylor, Julie P., Tkemaladze, Tinatin, Tully, Ian, Tümer, Zeynep, van Zelst-Stams, Wendy A. G., Verloes, Alain, Västerviga, Emma, Wang, Sailan, Yang, Rachel, Yamamoto, Shinya, Yépez, Vicente A., Zhang, Qing, Shotelersuk, Vorasuk, Wiafe, Samuel Agyei, Alanay, Yasemin, Botto, Lorenzo D., Kirmani, Salman, Lumaka, Aimé, Palmer, Elizabeth Emma, Puri, Ratna Dua, Wirta, Valtteri, Lindstrand, Anna, Buske, Orion J., Cederroth, Mikk, and Nordgren, Ann

Published
2024
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26. All About Time

Author

Graf, Susanne, Pettersson, Paul, Steffen, Bernhard, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Graf, Susanne, editor, and Pettersson, Paul, editor

Published
2025
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27. To Sifu - Supervision, Mentorship and Lifelong Bond

Author

Fersman, Elena, Pettersson, Paul, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Graf, Susanne, editor, and Pettersson, Paul, editor

Published
2025
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28. Copula modeling and uncertainty propagation in field-scale simulation of CO$_2$ fault leakage

Author

Pettersson, Per, Keilegavlen, Eirik, Sandve, Tor Harald, Gasda, Sarah, and Krumscheid, Sebastian

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Subsurface storage of CO$_2$ is an important means to mitigate climate change, and to investigate the fate of CO$_2$ over several decades in vast reservoirs, numerical simulation based on realistic models is essential. Faults and other complex geological structures introduce modeling challenges as their effects on storage operations are uncertain due to limited data. In this work, we present a computational framework for forward propagation of uncertainty, including stochastic upscaling and copula representation of flow functions for a CO$_2$ storage site using the Vette fault zone in the Smeaheia formation in the North Sea as a test case. The upscaling method leads to a reduction of the number of stochastic dimensions and the cost of evaluating the reservoir model. A viable model that represents the upscaled data needs to capture dependencies between variables, and allow sampling. Copulas provide representation of dependent multidimensional random variables and a good fit to data, allow fast sampling, and coupling to the forward propagation method via independent uniform random variables. The non-stationary correlation within some of the upscaled flow function are accurately captured by a data-driven transformation model. The uncertainty in upscaled flow functions and other parameters are propagated to uncertain leakage estimates using numerical reservoir simulation of a two-phase system. The expectations of leakage are estimated by an adaptive stratified sampling technique, where samples are sequentially concentrated to regions of the parameter space to greedily maximize variance reduction. We demonstrate cost reduction compared to standard Monte Carlo of one or two orders of magnitude for simpler test cases with only fault and reservoir layer permeabilities assumed uncertain, and factors 2--8 cost reduction for stochastic multi-phase flow properties and more complex stochastic models.

Published
2023

29. Remote Special Educational Consultation in Swedish Rural Schools: Experiences of Special Educators and Class Teachers

Author

Kristina Ström, Gerd Pettersson, and Kim Wickman

Abstract

With advances in communication technologies, remote special educational consultation has become a promising strategy for indirect special education provision aiming to support students with special educational needs as well as their teachers in remote and rural areas. This study explores how special educators in a rural municipality in Sweden offer remote special educational consultation to teachers and how the two teacher categories experience remote special educational consultation. The empirical data of the study consist of special educators' and teachers' responses to an online questionnaire (N=11). The analysis revealed themes reflecting experienced challenges as well as opportunities. The challenges relate to lack of professional commitment and consensus, lack of school leaders' trust, knowledge and support, and barriers associated with distance and technology, while opportunities relate to increased access to special educational competence, increased structure in consultation and increased professional development and collaboration. The results of this study highlight the potential value of remote special educational consultation as an acceptable, cost-effective, and efficient way of increasing access to special educational expertise and providing special educational support to teachers working in rural and underserved schools.

Published
2024
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39. Molecular pixelation: spatial proteomics of single cells by sequencing

Author

Karlsson, Filip, Kallas, Tomasz, Thiagarajan, Divya, Karlsson, Max, Schweitzer, Maud, Navarro, Jose Fernandez, Leijonancker, Louise, Geny, Sylvain, Pettersson, Erik, Rhomberg-Kauert, Jan, Larsson, Ludvig, van Ooijen, Hanna, Petkov, Stefan, González-Granillo, Marcela, Bunz, Jessica, Dahlberg, Johan, Simonetti, Michele, Sathe, Prajakta, Brodin, Petter, Barrio, Alvaro Martinez, and Fredriksson, Simon

Published
2024
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40. Assisting the implementation of screening for type 1 diabetes by using artificial intelligence on publicly available data

Author

Teixeira, Pedro F., Battelino, Tadej, Carlsson, Anneli, Gudbjörnsdottir, Soffia, Hannelius, Ulf, von Herrath, Matthias, Knip, Mikael, Korsgren, Olle, Elding Larsson, Helena, Lindqvist, Anton, Ludvigsson, Johnny, Lundgren, Markus, Nowak, Christoph, Pettersson, Paul, Pociot, Flemming, Sundberg, Frida, Åkesson, Karin, Lernmark, Åke, and Forsander, Gun

Published
2024
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41. Conservation of Affinity Rather Than Sequence Underlies a Dynamic Evolution of the Motif-Mediated p53/MDM2 Interaction in Ray-Finned Fishes.

Author

Mihalič, Filip, Pettersson, Mats, Farkhondehkish, Pouria, Andersson, Eva, Andersson, Leif, Betancur-R, Ricardo, Jemth, Per, and Arcila, Dahiana

Subjects
affinity, intrinsically disordered regions, protein evolution, sequence evolution, Animals, Humans, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Zebrafish, Phylogeny, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Binding, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
Abstract

The transcription factor and cell cycle regulator p53 is marked for degradation by the ubiquitin ligase MDM2. The interaction between these 2 proteins is mediated by a conserved binding motif in the disordered p53 transactivation domain (p53TAD) and the folded SWIB domain in MDM2. The conserved motif in p53TAD from zebrafish displays a 20-fold weaker interaction with MDM2, compared to the interaction in human and chicken. To investigate this apparent difference, we tracked the molecular evolution of the p53TAD/MDM2 interaction among ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii), the largest vertebrate clade. Intriguingly, phylogenetic analyses, ancestral sequence reconstructions, and binding experiments showed that different loss-of-affinity changes in the canonical binding motif within p53TAD have occurred repeatedly and convergently in different fish lineages, resulting in relatively low extant affinities (KD = 0.5 to 5 μM). However, for 11 different fish p53TAD/MDM2 interactions, nonconserved regions flanking the canonical motif increased the affinity 4- to 73-fold to be on par with the human interaction. Our findings suggest that compensating changes at conserved and nonconserved positions within the motif, as well as in flanking regions of low conservation, underlie a stabilizing selection of functional affinity in the p53TAD/MDM2 interaction. Such interplay complicates bioinformatic prediction of binding and calls for experimental validation. Motif-mediated protein-protein interactions involving short binding motifs and folded interaction domains are very common across multicellular life. It is likely that the evolution of affinity in motif-mediated interactions often involves an interplay between specific interactions made by conserved motif residues and nonspecific interactions by nonconserved disordered regions.

Published
2024

42. Measurements of inclusive and differential cross-sections of tt¯γs production in pp collisions at tt¯γs = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Author

Aad, G., Aakvaag, E., Abbott, B., Abeling, K., Abicht, N. J., Abidi, S. H., Aboelela, M., Aboulhorma, A., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Ackermann, A., Adam Bourdarios, C., Adamczyk, L., Addepalli, S. V., Addison, M. J., Adelman, J., Adiguzel, A., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agaras, M. N., Agarwala, J., Aggarwal, A., Agheorghiesei, C., Ahmad, A., Ahmadov, F., Ahmed, W. S., Ahuja, S., Ai, X., Aielli, G., Aikot, A., Ait Tamlihat, M., Aitbenchikh, B., Aizenberg, I., Akbiyik, M., Åkesson, T. P. A., Akimov, A. V., Akiyama, D., Akolkar, N. N., Aktas, S., Al Khoury, K., Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Albicocco, P., Albouy, G. L., Alderweireldt, S., Alegria, Z. L., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexopoulos, T., Alfonsi, F., Algren, M., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Ali, H. M. J., Ali, S., Alibocus, S. W., Aliev, M., Alimonti, G., Alkakhi, W., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allen, J. F., Allendes Flores, C. A., Allport, P. P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Alvarez Estevez, M., Alvarez Fernandez, A., Alves Cardoso, M., Alviggi, M. G., Aly, M., Amaral Coutinho, Y., Ambler, A., Amelung, C., Amerl, M., Ames, C. G., Amidei, D., Amirie, K. J., Amor Dos Santos, S. P., Amos, K. R., An, S., Ananiev, V., Anastopoulos, C., Andeen, T., Anders, J. K., Andrean, S. Y., Andreazza, A., Angelidakis, S., Angerami, A., Anisenkov, A. V., Annovi, A., Antel, C., Anthony, M. T., Antipov, E., Antonelli, M., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Aoki, T., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Aparo, M. A., Aperio Bella, L., Appelt, C., Apyan, A., Arbiol Val, S. J., Arcangeletti, C., Arce, A. T. H., Arena, E., Arguin, J-F., Argyropoulos, S., Arling, J.-H., Arnaez, O., Arnold, H., Artoni, G., Asada, H., Asai, K., Asai, S., Asbah, N. A., Assamagan, K., Astalos, R., Astrand, K. S. V., Atashi, S., Atkin, R. J., Atkinson, M., Atmani, H., Atmasiddha, P. A., Augsten, K., Auricchio, S., Auriol, A. D., Austrup, V. A., Avolio, G., Axiotis, K., Azuelos, G., Babal, D., Bachacou, H., Bachas, K., Bachiu, A., Backman, F., Badea, A., Baer, T. M., Bagnaia, P., Bahmani, M., Bahner, D., Bai, K., Bailey, A. J., Baines, J. T., Baines, L., Baker, O. K., Bakos, E., Bakshi Gupta, D., Balakrishnan, V., Balasubramanian, R., Baldin, E. M., Balek, P., Ballabene, E., Balli, F., Baltes, L. M., Balunas, W. K., Balz, J., Banas, E., Bandieramonte, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bansal, S., Barak, L., Barakat, M., Barberio, E. L., Barberis, D., Barbero, M., Barel, M. Z., Barends, K. N., Barillari, T., Barisits, M-S., Barklow, T., Baron, P., Baron Moreno, D. A., Baroncelli, A., Barone, G., Barr, A. J., Barr, J. D., Barreiro, F., Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J., Barron, U., Barros Teixeira, M. G., Barsov, S., Bartels, F., Bartoldus, R., Barton, A. E., Bartos, P., Basan, A., Baselga, M., Bassalat, A., Basso, M. J., Bates, R. L., Batlamous, S., Batool, B., Battaglia, M., Battulga, D., Bauce, M., Bauer, M., Bauer, P., Bazzano Hurrell, L. T., Beacham, J. B., Beau, T., Beaucamp, J. Y., Beauchemin, P. H., Bechtle, P., Beck, H. P., Becker, K., Beddall, A. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Bee, C. P., Beemster, L. J., Beermann, T. A., Begalli, M., Begel, M., Behera, A., Behr, J. K., Beirer, J. F., Beisiegel, F., Belfkir, M., Bella, G., Bellagamba, L., Bellerive, A., Bellos, P., Beloborodov, K., Benchekroun, D., Bendebba, F., Benhammou, Y., Benkendorfer, K. C., Beresford, L., Beretta, M., Bergeaas Kuutmann, E., Berger, N., Bergmann, B., Beringer, J., Bernardi, G., Bernius, C., Bernlochner, F. U., Bernon, F., Berrocal Guardia, A., Berry, T., Berta, P., Berthold, A., Bethke, S., Betti, A., Bevan, A. J., Bhalla, N. K., Bhamjee, M., Bhatta, S., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bhattarai, P., Bhide, K. D., Bhopatkar, V. S., Bianchi, R. M., Bianco, G., Biebel, O., Bielski, R., Biglietti, M., Billingsley, C. S., Bindi, M., Bingul, A., Bini, C., Biondini, A., Birch-sykes, C. J., Bird, G. A., Birman, M., Biros, M., Biryukov, S., Bisanz, T., Bisceglie, E., Biswal, J. P., Biswas, D., Bjørke, K., Bloch, I., Blue, A., Blumenschein, U., Blumenthal, J., Bobrovnikov, V. S., Boehler, M., Boehm, B., Bogavac, D., Bogdanchikov, A. G., Bohm, C., Boisvert, V., Bokan, P., Bold, T., Bomben, M., Bona, M., Boonekamp, M., Booth, C. D., Borbély, A. G., Bordulev, I. S., Borecka-Bielska, H. M., Borissov, G., Bortoletto, D., Boscherini, D., Bosman, M., Bossio Sola, J. D., Bouaouda, K., Bouchhar, N., Boudreau, J., Bouhova-Thacker, E. V., Boumediene, D., Bouquet, R., Boveia, A., Boyd, J., Boye, D., Boyko, I. R., Bracinik, J., Brahimi, N., Brandt, G., Brandt, O., Braren, F., Brau, B., Brau, J. E., Brener, R., Brenner, L., Brenner, R., Bressler, S., Britton, D., Britzger, D., Brock, I., Brock, R., Brooijmans, G., Brost, E., Brown, L. M., Bruce, L. E., Bruckler, T. L., Bruckman de Renstrom, P. A., Brüers, B., Bruni, A., Bruni, G., Bruschi, M., Bruscino, N., Buanes, T., Buat, Q., Buchin, D., Buckley, A. G., Bulekov, O., Bullard, B. A., Burdin, S., Burgard, C. D., Burger, A. M., Burghgrave, B., Burlayenko, O., Burr, J. T. P., Burton, C. D., Burzynski, J. C., Busch, E. L., Büscher, V., Bussey, P. J., Butler, J. M., Buttar, C. M., Butterworth, J. M., Buttinger, W., Buxo Vazquez, C. J., Buzykaev, A. R., Cabrera Urbán, S., Cadamuro, L., Caforio, D., Cai, H., Cai, Y., Cai, Y., Cairo, V. M. M., Cakir, O., Calace, N., Calafiura, P., Calderini, G., Calfayan, P., Callea, G., Caloba, L. P., Calvet, D., Calvet, S., Calvetti, M., Camacho Toro, R., Camarda, S., Camarero Munoz, D., Camarri, P., Camerlingo, M. T., Cameron, D., Camincher, C., Campanelli, M., Camplani, A., Canale, V., Canbay, A. C., Canonero, E., Cantero, J., Cao, Y., Capocasa, F., Capua, M., Carbone, A., Cardarelli, R., Cardenas, J. C. J., Cardillo, F., Carducci, G., Carli, T., Carlino, G., Carlotto, J. I., Carlson, B. T., Carlson, E. M., Carminati, L., Carnelli, A., Carnesale, M., Caron, S., Carquin, E., Carrá, S., Carratta, G., Carroll, A. M., Carter, T. M., Casado, M. P., Caspar, M., Castillo, F. L., Castillo Garcia, L., Castillo Gimenez, V., Castro, N. F., Catinaccio, A., Catmore, J. R., Cavaliere, T., Cavaliere, V., Cavalli, N., Cekmecelioglu, Y. C., Celebi, E., Cella, S., Celli, F., Centonze, M. S., Cepaitis, V., Cerny, K., Cerqueira, A. S., Cerri, A., Cerrito, L., Cerutti, F., Cervato, B., Cervelli, A., Cesarini, G., Cetin, S. A., Chakraborty, D., Chan, J., Chan, W. Y., Chapman, J. D., Chapon, E., Chargeishvili, B., Charlton, D. G., Chatterjee, M., Chauhan, C., Che, Y., Chekanov, S., Chekulaev, S. V., Chelkov, G. A., Chen, A., Chen, B., Chen, B., Chen, H., Chen, H., Chen, J., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, S., Chen, S. J., Chen, X., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, C. L., Cheng, H. C., Cheong, S., Cheplakov, A., Cheremushkina, E., Cherepanova, E., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Cheu, E., Cheung, K., Chevalier, L., Chiarella, V., Chiarelli, G., Chiedde, N., Chiodini, G., Chisholm, A. S., Chitan, A., Chitishvili, M., Chizhov, M. V., Choi, K., Chou, Y., Chow, E. Y. S., Chu, K. L., Chu, M. C., Chu, X., Chudoba, J., Chwastowski, J. J., Cieri, D., Ciesla, K. M., Cindro, V., Ciocio, A., Cirotto, F., Citron, Z. H., Citterio, M., Ciubotaru, D. A., Clark, A., Clark, P. J., Clarry, C., Clavijo Columbie, J. M., Clawson, S. E., Clement, C., Clercx, J., Coadou, Y., Cobal, M., Coccaro, A., Coelho Barrue, R. F., Coelho Lopes De Sa, R., Coelli, S., Cole, B., Collot, J., Conde Muiño, P., Connell, M. P., Connell, S. H., Conroy, E. I., Conventi, F., Cooke, H. G., Cooper-Sarkar, A. M., Cordeiro Oudot Choi, A., Corpe, L. D., Corradi, M., Corriveau, F., Cortes-Gonzalez, A., Costa, M. J., Costanza, F., Costanzo, D., Cote, B. M., Cowan, G., Cranmer, K., Cremonini, D., Crépé-Renaudin, S., Crescioli, F., Cristinziani, M., Cristoforetti, M., Croft, V., Crosby, J. E., Crosetti, G., Cueto, A., Cui, H., Cui, Z., Cunningham, W. R., Curcio, F., Curran, J. R., Czodrowski, P., Czurylo, M. M., Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M. J., Da Fonseca Pinto, J. V., Da Via, C., Dabrowski, W., Dado, T., Dahbi, S., Dai, T., Dal Santo, D., Dallapiccola, C., Dam, M., D’amen, G., D’Amico, V., Damp, J., Dandoy, J. R., Danninger, M., Dao, V., Darbo, G., Das, S. J., Dattola, F., D’Auria, S., D’Avanzo, A., David, C., Davidek, T., Davis-Purcell, B., Dawson, I., Day-hall, H. A., De, K., De Asmundis, R., De Biase, N., De Castro, S., De Groot, N., de Jong, P., De la Torre, H., De Maria, A., De Salvo, A., De Sanctis, U., De Santis, F., De Santo, A., De Vivie De Regie, J. B., Dedovich, D. V., Degens, J., Deiana, A. M., Del Corso, F., Del Peso, J., Del Rio, F., Delagrange, L., Deliot, F., Delitzsch, C. M., Della Pietra, M., Della Volpe, D., Dell’Acqua, A., Dell’Asta, L., Delmastro, M., Delsart, P. A., Demers, S., Demichev, M., Denisov, S. P., D’Eramo, L., Derendarz, D., Derue, F., Dervan, P., Desch, K., Deutsch, C., Di Bello, F. A., Di Ciaccio, A., Di Ciaccio, L., Di Domenico, A., Di Donato, C., Di Girolamo, A., Di Gregorio, G., Di Luca, A., Di Micco, B., Di Nardo, R., Diamantopoulou, M., Dias, F. A., Dias Do Vale, T., Diaz, M. A., Diaz Capriles, F. G., Didenko, M., Diehl, E. B., Díez Cornell, S., Diez Pardos, C., Dimitriadi, C., Dimitrievska, A., Dingfelder, J., Dinu, I-M., Dittmeier, S. J., Dittus, F., Divisek, M., Djama, F., Djobava, T., Doglioni, C., Dohnalova, A., Dolejsi, J., Dolezal, Z., Dona, K. M., Donadelli, M., Dong, B., Donini, J., D’Onofrio, A., D’Onofrio, M., Dopke, J., Doria, A., Dos Santos Fernandes, N., Dougan, P., Dova, M. T., Doyle, A. T., Draguet, M. A., Dreyer, E., Drivas-koulouris, I., Drnevich, M., Drozdova, M., Du, D., du Pree, T. A., Dubinin, F., Dubovsky, M., Duchovni, E., Duckeck, G., Ducu, O. A., Duda, D., Dudarev, A., Duden, E. R., D’uffizi, M., Duflot, L., Dührssen, M., Duminica, I., Dumitriu, A. E., Dunford, M., Dungs, S., Dunne, K., Duperrin, A., Duran Yildiz, H., Düren, M., Durglishvili, A., Dwyer, B. L., Dyckes, G. I., Dyndal, M., Dziedzic, B. S., Earnshaw, Z. O., Eberwein, G. H., Eckerova, B., Eggebrecht, S., Egidio Purcino De Souza, E., Ehrke, L. F., Eigen, G., Einsweiler, K., Ekelof, T., Ekman, P. A., El Farkh, S., El Ghazali, Y., El Jarrari, H., El Moussaouy, A., Ellajosyula, V., Ellert, M., Ellinghaus, F., Ellis, N., Elmsheuser, J., Elsawy, M., Elsing, M., Emeliyanov, D., Enari, Y., Ene, I., Epari, S., Erland, P. A., Errenst, M., Escalier, M., Escobar, C., Etzion, E., Evans, G., Evans, H., Evans, L. S., Ezhilov, A., Ezzarqtouni, S., Fabbri, F., Fabbri, L., Facini, G., Fadeyev, V., Fakhrutdinov, R. M., Fakoudis, D., Falciano, S., Falda Ulhoa Coelho, L. F., Falke, P. J., Fallavollita, F., Faltova, J., Fan, C., Fan, Y., Fang, Y., Fanti, M., Faraj, M., Farazpay, Z., Farbin, A., Farilla, A., Farooque, T., Farrington, S. M., Fassi, F., Fassouliotis, D., Faucci Giannelli, M., Fawcett, W. J., Fayard, L., Federic, P., Federicova, P., Fedin, O. L., Feickert, M., Feligioni, L., Fellers, D. E., Feng, C., Feng, M., Feng, Z., Fenton, M. J., Ferencz, L., Ferguson, R. A. M., Fernandez Luengo, S. I., Fernandez Martinez, P., Fernoux, M. J. V., Ferrando, J., Ferrari, A., Ferrari, P., Ferrari, R., Ferrere, D., Ferretti, C., Fiedler, F., Fiedler, P., Filipčič, A., Filmer, E. K., Filthaut, F., Fiolhais, M. C. N., Fiorini, L., Fisher, W. C., Fitschen, T., Fitzhugh, P. M., Fleck, I., Fleischmann, P., Flick, T., Flores, M., Flores Castillo, L. R., Flores Sanz De Acedo, L., Follega, F. M., Fomin, N., Foo, J. H., Formica, A., Forti, A. C., Fortin, E., Fortman, A. W., Foti, M. G., Fountas, L., Fournier, D., Fox, H., Francavilla, P., Francescato, S., Franchellucci, S., Franchini, M., Franchino, S., Francis, D., Franco, L., Franco Lima, V., Franconi, L., Franklin, M., Frattari, G., Freund, W. S., Frid, Y. Y., Friend, J., Fritzsche, N., Froch, A., Froidevaux, D., Frost, J. A., Fu, Y., Fuenzalida Garrido, S., Fujimoto, M., Fung, K. Y., Furtado De Simas Filho, E., Furukawa, M., Fuster, J., Gabrielli, A., Gabrielli, A., Gadow, P., Gagliardi, G., Gagnon, L. G., Galantzan, S., Gallas, E. J., Gallop, B. J., Gan, K. K., Ganguly, S., Gao, Y., Garay Walls, F. M., Garcia, B., García, C., Garcia Alonso, A., Garcia Caffaro, A. G., García Navarro, J. E., Garcia-Sciveres, M., Gardner, G. L., Gardner, R. W., Garelli, N., Garg, D., Garg, R. B., Gargan, J. M., Garner, C. A., Garvey, C. M., Gaspar, P., Gassmann, V. K., Gaudio, G., Gautam, V., Gauzzi, P., Gavrilenko, I. L., Gavrilyuk, A., Gay, C., Gaycken, G., Gazis, E. N., Geanta, A. A., Gee, C. 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2024
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43. Search for heavy resonances in final states with four leptons and missing transverse momentum or jets in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Aad, G., Aakvaag, E., Abbott, B., Abeling, K., Abicht, N. J., Abidi, S. H., Aboulhorma, A., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Adam Bourdarios, C., Adamczyk, L., Addepalli, S. V., Addison, M. J., Adelman, J., Adiguzel, A., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agaras, M. N., Agarwala, J., Aggarwal, A., Agheorghiesei, C., Ahmad, A., Ahmadov, F., Ahmed, W. S., Ahuja, S., Ai, X., Aielli, G., Aikot, A., Ait Tamlihat, M., Aitbenchikh, B., Aizenberg, I., Akbiyik, M., Åkesson, T. P. A., Akimov, A. V., Akiyama, D., Akolkar, N. N., Aktas, S., Al Khoury, K., Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Albicocco, P., Albouy, G. L., Alderweireldt, S., Alegria, Z. L., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexopoulos, T., Alfonsi, F., Algren, M., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Ali, H. M. J., Ali, S., Alibocus, S. W., Aliev, M., Alimonti, G., Alkakhi, W., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allen, J. F., Allendes Flores, C. A., Allport, P. P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Alvarez Estevez, M., Alvarez Fernandez, A., Alves Cardoso, M., Alviggi, M. G., Aly, M., Amaral Coutinho, Y., Ambler, A., Amelung, C., Amerl, M., Ames, C. G., Amidei, D., Amor Dos Santos, S. P., Amos, K. R., Ananiev, V., Anastopoulos, C., Andeen, T., Anders, J. K., Andrean, S. Y., Andreazza, A., Angelidakis, S., Angerami, A., Anisenkov, A. V., Annovi, A., Antel, C., Anthony, M. T., Antipov, E., Antonelli, M., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Aoki, T., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Aparo, M. A., Aperio Bella, L., Appelt, C., Apyan, A., Arbiol Val, S. J., Arcangeletti, C., Arce, A. T. H., Arena, E., Arguin, J-F., Argyropoulos, S., Arling, J.-H., Arnaez, O., Arnold, H., Artoni, G., Asada, H., Asai, K., Asai, S., Asbah, N. A., Assamagan, K., Astalos, R., Atashi, S., Atkin, R. J., Atkinson, M., Atmani, H., Atmasiddha, P. A., Augsten, K., Auricchio, S., Auriol, A. D., Austrup, V. A., Avolio, G., Axiotis, K., Azuelos, G., Babal, D., Bachacou, H., Bachas, K., Bachiu, A., Backman, F., Badea, A., Baer, T. M., Bagnaia, P., Bahmani, M., Bahner, D., Bai, K., Bailey, A. J., Bailey, V. R., Baines, J. T., Baines, L., Baker, O. K., Bakos, E., Bakshi Gupta, D., Balakrishnan, V., Balasubramanian, R., Baldin, E. M., Balek, P., Ballabene, E., Balli, F., Baltes, L. M., Balunas, W. K., Balz, J., Banas, E., Bandieramonte, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bansal, S., Barak, L., Barakat, M., Barberio, E. L., Barberis, D., Barbero, M., Barel, M. Z., Barends, K. N., Barillari, T., Barisits, M-S., Barklow, T., Baron, P., Baron Moreno, D. A., Baroncelli, A., Barone, G., Barr, A. J., Barr, J. D., Barreiro, F., Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J., Barron, U., Barros Teixeira, M. G., Barsov, S., Bartels, F., Bartoldus, R., Barton, A. E., Bartos, P., Basan, A., Baselga, M., Bassalat, A., Basso, M. J., Basson, C. R., Bates, R. L., Batlamous, S., Batool, B., Battaglia, M., Battulga, D., Bauce, M., Bauer, M., Bauer, P., Bazzano Hurrell, L. T., Beacham, J. B., Beau, T., Beaucamp, J. Y., Beauchemin, P. H., Bechtle, P., Beck, H. P., Becker, K., Beddall, A. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Bee, C. P., Beemster, L. J., Beermann, T. A., Begalli, M., Begel, M., Behera, A., Behr, J. K., Beirer, J. F., Beisiegel, F., Belfkir, M., Bella, G., Bellagamba, L., Bellerive, A., Bellos, P., Beloborodov, K., Benchekroun, D., Bendebba, F., Benhammou, Y., Benkendorfer, K. C., Beresford, L., Beretta, M., Bergeaas Kuutmann, E., Berger, N., Bergmann, B., Beringer, J., Bernardi, G., Bernius, C., Bernlochner, F. U., Bernon, F., Berrocal Guardia, A., Berry, T., Berta, P., Berthold, A., Bethke, S., Betti, A., Bevan, A. J., Bhalla, N. K., Bhamjee, M., Bhatta, S., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bhattarai, P., Bhide, K. D., Bhopatkar, V. S., Bianchi, R. M., Bianco, G., Biebel, O., Bielski, R., Biglietti, M., Billingsley, C. 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Published
2024
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44. The origin and maintenance of supergenes contributing to ecological adaptation in Atlantic herring

Author

Minal Jamsandekar, Mafalda S. Ferreira, Mats E. Pettersson, Edward D. Farrell, Brian W. Davis, and Leif Andersson

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Chromosomal inversions are associated with local adaptation in many species. However, questions regarding how they are formed, maintained and impact various other evolutionary processes remain elusive. Here, using a large genomic dataset of long-read and short-read sequencing, we ask these questions in one of the most abundant vertebrates on Earth, the Atlantic herring. This species has four megabase-sized inversions associated with ecological adaptation that correlate with water temperature. The S and N inversion alleles at these four loci dominate in the southern and northern parts, respectively, of the species distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean. By determining breakpoint coordinates of the four inversions and the structural variations surrounding them, we hypothesize that these inversions are formed by ectopic recombination between duplicated sequences immediately outside of the inversions. We show that these are old inversions (>1 MY), albeit formed after the split between the Atlantic herring and its sister species, the Pacific herring. There is evidence for extensive gene flux between inversion alleles at all four loci. The large Ne of herring combined with the common occurrence of opposite homozygotes across the species distribution has allowed effective purifying selection to prevent the accumulation of genetic load and repeats within the inversions.

Published
2024
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45. Successful ability to stay at home - an interview study exploring multiple diagnosed older persons and their relatives’ experiences

Author

Lena-Karin Gustafsson, Anna Bondesson, Tina Pettersson, and Gunnel Östlund

Subjects
Emotional support, Homecare, Instrumental support, Love, Multi morbidity, Next-of-kin, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Background Society places increased demands on regions and municipalities to jointly carry out activities for multi-diagnosed older persons with extensive coordination needs. Interprofessional collaboration is reported as an important success factor for the overall health care of this group of patients. This project focuses on older persons with multiple diagnoses and their relatives’ own experiences of what is most important for safety and security in their homes. The aim of the study was: to illuminate the meaning of success for the ability to stay at home as experienced by older persons with multiple diagnoses and their relatives. Methods The project had a descriptive explorative design with a phenomenological hermeneutic approach based on analysis of 14 in-depth interviews with older people and their relatives. Findings Own resources were identified such as belief in the future, spiritual belief, social network, having loved ones and pets. Technical aids were seen as helpful resources, working as indoor and outdoor security safeguards. These resources included having good telephone contact with social and professional networks as well as other forms of personal equipment such as a personal alarm. The professional network was a resource, acting as support when the patient’s own abilities were not sufficient. Finally, having personnel who had the time and interest to listen was seen as crucial to experience safety. Conclusions The main reason for being able to continue homecare was the person’s self-care system, their personal, social, and technical resources. Professional care development should anchor team work to the patient’s own system of self and informal care.

Published
2024
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46. Search for heavy resonances in final states with four leptons and missing transverse momentum or jets in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Author

The ATLAS collaboration, G. Aad, E. Aakvaag, B. Abbott, K. Abeling, N. J. Abicht, S. H. Abidi, A. Aboulhorma, H. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, Y. Abulaiti, B. S. Acharya, C. Adam Bourdarios, L. Adamczyk, S. V. Addepalli, M. J. Addison, J. Adelman, A. Adiguzel, T. Adye, A. A. Affolder, Y. Afik, M. N. Agaras, J. Agarwala, A. Aggarwal, C. Agheorghiesei, A. Ahmad, F. Ahmadov, W. S. Ahmed, S. Ahuja, X. Ai, G. Aielli, A. Aikot, M. Ait Tamlihat, B. Aitbenchikh, I. Aizenberg, M. Akbiyik, T. P. A. Åkesson, A. V. Akimov, D. Akiyama, N. N. Akolkar, S. Aktas, K. Al Khoury, G. L. Alberghi, J. Albert, P. Albicocco, G. L. Albouy, S. Alderweireldt, Z. L. Alegria, M. Aleksa, I. N. Aleksandrov, C. Alexa, T. Alexopoulos, F. Alfonsi, M. Algren, M. Alhroob, B. Ali, H. M. J. Ali, S. Ali, S. W. Alibocus, M. Aliev, G. Alimonti, W. Alkakhi, C. Allaire, B. M. M. Allbrooke, J. F. Allen, C. A. Allendes Flores, P. P. Allport, A. Aloisio, F. Alonso, C. Alpigiani, M. Alvarez Estevez, A. Alvarez Fernandez, M. Alves Cardoso, M. G. Alviggi, M. Aly, Y. Amaral Coutinho, A. Ambler, C. Amelung, M. Amerl, C. G. Ames, D. Amidei, S. P. Amor Dos Santos, K. R. Amos, V. Ananiev, C. Anastopoulos, T. Andeen, J. K. Anders, S. Y. Andrean, A. Andreazza, S. Angelidakis, A. Angerami, A. V. Anisenkov, A. Annovi, C. Antel, M. T. Anthony, E. Antipov, M. Antonelli, F. Anulli, M. Aoki, T. Aoki, J. A. Aparisi Pozo, M. A. Aparo, L. Aperio Bella, C. Appelt, A. Apyan, S. J. Arbiol Val, C. Arcangeletti, A. T. H. Arce, E. Arena, J-F. Arguin, S. Argyropoulos, J.-H. Arling, O. Arnaez, H. Arnold, G. Artoni, H. Asada, K. Asai, S. Asai, N. A. Asbah, K. Assamagan, R. Astalos, S. Atashi, R. J. Atkin, M. Atkinson, H. Atmani, P. A. Atmasiddha, K. Augsten, S. Auricchio, A. D. Auriol, V. A. Austrup, G. Avolio, K. Axiotis, G. Azuelos, D. Babal, H. Bachacou, K. Bachas, A. Bachiu, F. Backman, A. Badea, T. M. Baer, P. Bagnaia, M. Bahmani, D. Bahner, K. Bai, A. J. Bailey, V. R. Bailey, J. T. Baines, L. Baines, O. K. Baker, E. Bakos, D. Bakshi Gupta, V. Balakrishnan, R. Balasubramanian, E. M. Baldin, P. Balek, E. Ballabene, F. Balli, L. M. Baltes, W. K. Balunas, J. Balz, E. Banas, M. Bandieramonte, A. Bandyopadhyay, S. Bansal, L. Barak, M. Barakat, E. L. Barberio, D. Barberis, M. Barbero, M. Z. Barel, K. N. Barends, T. Barillari, M-S. Barisits, T. Barklow, P. Baron, D. A. Baron Moreno, A. Baroncelli, G. Barone, A. J. Barr, J. D. Barr, F. Barreiro, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, U. Barron, M. G. Barros Teixeira, S. Barsov, F. Bartels, R. Bartoldus, A. E. Barton, P. Bartos, A. Basan, M. Baselga, A. Bassalat, M. J. Basso, C. R. Basson, R. L. Bates, S. Batlamous, B. Batool, M. Battaglia, D. Battulga, M. Bauce, M. Bauer, P. Bauer, L. T. Bazzano Hurrell, J. B. Beacham, T. Beau, J. Y. Beaucamp, P. H. Beauchemin, P. Bechtle, H. P. Beck, K. Becker, A. J. Beddall, V. A. Bednyakov, C. P. Bee, L. J. Beemster, T. A. Beermann, M. Begalli, M. Begel, A. Behera, J. K. Behr, J. F. Beirer, F. Beisiegel, M. Belfkir, G. Bella, L. Bellagamba, A. Bellerive, P. Bellos, K. Beloborodov, D. Benchekroun, F. Bendebba, Y. Benhammou, K. C. Benkendorfer, L. Beresford, M. Beretta, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann, N. Berger, B. Bergmann, J. Beringer, G. Bernardi, C. Bernius, F. U. Bernlochner, F. Bernon, A. Berrocal Guardia, T. Berry, P. Berta, A. Berthold, S. Bethke, A. Betti, A. J. Bevan, N. K. Bhalla, M. Bhamjee, S. Bhatta, D. S. Bhattacharya, P. Bhattarai, K. D. Bhide, V. S. Bhopatkar, R. M. Bianchi, G. Bianco, O. Biebel, R. Bielski, M. Biglietti, C. S. Billingsley, M. Bindi, A. Bingul, C. Bini, A. Biondini, C. J. Birch-sykes, G. A. Bird, M. Birman, M. Biros, S. Biryukov, T. Bisanz, E. Bisceglie, J. P. Biswal, D. Biswas, K. Bjørke, I. Bloch, A. Blue, U. Blumenschein, J. Blumenthal, V. S. Bobrovnikov, M. Boehler, B. Boehm, D. Bogavac, A. G. Bogdanchikov, C. Bohm, V. Boisvert, P. Bokan, T. Bold, M. Bomben, M. Bona, M. Boonekamp, C. D. Booth, A. G. Borbély, I. S. Bordulev, H. M. Borecka-Bielska, G. Borissov, D. 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Calvet, S. Calvet, M. Calvetti, R. Camacho Toro, S. Camarda, D. Camarero Munoz, P. Camarri, M. T. Camerlingo, D. Cameron, C. Camincher, M. Campanelli, A. Camplani, V. Canale, A. C. Canbay, J. Cantero, Y. Cao, F. Capocasa, M. Capua, A. Carbone, R. Cardarelli, J. C. J. Cardenas, F. Cardillo, G. Carducci, T. Carli, G. Carlino, J. I. Carlotto, B. T. Carlson, E. M. Carlson, L. Carminati, A. Carnelli, M. Carnesale, S. Caron, E. Carquin, S. Carrá, G. Carratta, A. M. Carroll, T. M. Carter, M. P. Casado, M. Caspar, F. L. Castillo, L. Castillo Garcia, V. Castillo Gimenez, N. F. Castro, A. Catinaccio, J. R. Catmore, T. Cavaliere, V. Cavaliere, N. Cavalli, Y. C. Cekmecelioglu, E. Celebi, F. Celli, M. S. Centonze, V. Cepaitis, K. Cerny, A. S. Cerqueira, A. Cerri, L. Cerrito, F. Cerutti, B. Cervato, A. Cervelli, G. Cesarini, S. A. Cetin, D. Chakraborty, J. Chan, W. Y. Chan, J. D. Chapman, E. Chapon, B. Chargeishvili, D. G. Charlton, M. Chatterjee, C. Chauhan, Y. Che, S. Chekanov, S. V. 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Zerwas, M. Zhai, D. F. Zhang, J. Zhang, K. Zhang, L. Zhang, P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S. Zhang, T. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, H. Zhao, T. Zhao, Y. Zhao, Z. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, J. Zheng, K. Zheng, X. Zheng, Z. Zheng, D. Zhong, B. Zhou, H. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhou, C. G. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, X. Zhuang, K. Zhukov, N. I. Zimine, J. Zinsser, M. Ziolkowski, L. Živković, A. Zoccoli, K. Zoch, T. G. Zorbas, O. Zormpa, W. Zou, and L. Zwalinski

Subjects
Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Particle and Resonance Production, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract A search for a new heavy boson produced via gluon-fusion in the four-lepton channel with missing transverse momentum or jets is performed. The search uses proton-proton collision data equivalent to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb −1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector between 2015 and 2018 at the Large Hadron Collider. This study explores the decays of heavy bosons: R → SH and A → ZH, where R is a CP-even boson, A is a CP-odd boson, H is a CP-even boson, and S is considered to decay into invisible particles that are candidates for dark matter. In these processes, S → invisible and H → ZZ. The Z boson associated with the heavy scalar boson H decays into all decay channels of the Z boson. The mass range under consideration is 390–1300 (320–1300) GeV for the R (A) boson and 220–1000 GeV for the H boson. No significant deviation from the Standard Model backgrounds is observed. The results are interpreted as upper limits at a 95% confidence level on the cross-section times the branching ratio of the heavy resonances.

Published
2024
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47. Compression rates of microbial genomes are associated with genome size and base composition

Author

Jon Bohlin and John H.-O. Pettersson

Subjects
MBGC, ZPAQ, Microbial Genomics, Compression, Information potential, Base composition, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background To what degree a string of symbols can be compressed reveals important details about its complexity. For instance, strings that are not compressible are random and carry a low information potential while the opposite is true for highly compressible strings. We explore to what extent microbial genomes are amenable to compression as they vary considerably both with respect to size and base composition. For instance, microbial genome sizes vary from less than 100,000 base pairs in symbionts to more than 10 million in soil-dwellers. Genomic base composition, often summarized as genomic AT or GC content due to the similar frequencies of adenine and thymine on one hand and cytosine and guanine on the other, also vary substantially; the most extreme microbes can have genomes with AT content below 25% or above 85% AT. Base composition determines the frequency of DNA words, consisting of multiple nucleotides or oligonucleotides, and may therefore also influence compressibility. Using 4,713 RefSeq genomes, we examined the association between compressibility, using both a DNA based- (MBGC) and a general purpose (ZPAQ) compression algorithm, and genome size, AT content as well as genomic oligonucleotide usage variance (OUV) using generalized additive models. Results We find that genome size (p

Published
2024
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48. Estrogen-stimulated uropathogenic E. coli mediate enhanced neutrophil responses

Author

Carolina Pettersson, Rongrong Wu, and Isak Demirel

Subjects
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Neutrophils, Estrogen, Urinary tract infections, Virulence, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide and the most common cause is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Current research is mostly focused on how UPEC affects host factors, whereas the effect of host factors on UPEC is less studied. Our previous studies have shown that estrogen alters UPEC virulence. However, the effect of this altered UPEC virulence on neutrophils is unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the altered UPEC virulence mediated by estrogen modulates neutrophil responses. We found that estradiol-stimulated CFT073 increased neutrophil phagocytosis, NETs formation and intracellular ROS production. We observed that the total ROS production from neutrophils was reduced by estradiol-stimulated CFT073. We also found that estradiol-stimulated CFT073 induced less cytotoxicity in neutrophils. Additionally, we found that several cytokines and chemokines like IL-8, IL-1β, CXCL6, MCP-1 and MCP-4 were increased upon estradiol-stimulated CFT073 infection. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the estrogen-mediated alterations to UPEC virulence modulates neutrophil responses, most likely in a host-beneficial manner.

Published
2024
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49. Observations from the first 100 cases of intraoperative MRI – experiences, trends and short-term outcomes

Author

Hanna Barchéus, Christoffer Peischl, Isabella M. Björkman-Burtscher, Christina Pettersson, Anja Smits, Daniel Nilsson, Dan Farahmand, Johanna Eriksson, Thomas Skoglund, and Alba Corell

Subjects
Neurosurgery, MRI scan, Brain tumors, Deep brain stimulation, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Background We sought to analyze, in well-defined clinical setting, the first 100 patients treated at the intraoperative MRI (iMRI) hybrid surgical theatre at our facility in a population-based setting to evaluate which pathologies are best approached with iMRI assisted surgeries, as this is not yet clearly defined. Methods Patients undergoing surgery in the 3T iMRI hybrid surgical theatre at our neurosurgical department between December 2017 to May 2021 were included after informed consent. Demographic, clinical, surgical, histological, radiological and outcome parameters, as well as variables related to iMRI, were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were subdivided into adult and pediatric cohorts. Results Various neurosurgical procedures were performed; resection of tumors and epileptic foci, endoscopic skull base procedures including pituitary lesions, deep brain stimulation (DBS) and laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT). In total, 41 patients were pediatric. An iMRI scan was carried out in 96% of cases and led to continuation of surgery in 50% of cases, mainly due to visualized remaining pathological tissue (95.2%). Median time to iMRI from intubation was 280 min and median total duration of surgery was 445 min. The majority of patients experienced no postoperative complications (70%), 13 patients suffered permanent postoperative deficits, predominantly visual. Conclusion Herein, we demonstrate the first 100 patients undergoing neurosurgery aided by iMRI at our facility since introduction. Indications for surgery differed between pediatric and adult patients. The iMRI was utilized for tumor surgeries, particularly adult low-grade gliomas and pediatric tumors, as well as for epilepsy surgery and DBS. In this heterogenous population, iMRI led to continuation of surgery in 50%. To establish the benefit in maximizing the extent of resection in these brain pathologies future studies are recommended. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Published
2024
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50. The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics

Author

Ann M. Mc Cartney, Giulio Formenti, Alice Mouton, Diego De Panis, Luísa S. Marins, Henrique G. Leitão, Genevieve Diedericks, Joseph Kirangwa, Marco Morselli, Judit Salces-Ortiz, Nuria Escudero, Alessio Iannucci, Chiara Natali, Hannes Svardal, Rosa Fernández, Tim De Pooter, Geert Joris, Mojca Strazisar, Jonathan M. D. Wood, Katie E. Herron, Ole Seehausen, Phillip C. Watts, Felix Shaw, Robert P. Davey, Alice Minotto, José M. Fernández, Astrid Böhne, Carla Alegria, Tyler Alioto, Paulo C. Alves, Isabel R. Amorim, Jean-Marc Aury, Niclas Backstrom, Petr Baldrian, Laima Baltrunaite, Endre Barta, Bertrand BedHom, Caroline Belser, Johannes Bergsten, Laurie Bertrand, Helena Bilandija, Mahesh Binzer-Panchal, Iliana Bista, Mark Blaxter, Paulo A. V. Borges, Guilherme Borges Dias, Mirte Bosse, Tom Brown, Rémy Bruggmann, Elena Buena-Atienza, Josephine Burgin, Elena Buzan, Alessia Cariani, Nicolas Casadei, Matteo Chiara, Sergio Chozas, Fedor Čiampor, Angelica Crottini, Corinne Cruaud, Fernando Cruz, Love Dalen, Alessio De Biase, Javier del Campo, Teo Delic, Alice B. Dennis, Martijn F. L. Derks, Maria Angela Diroma, Mihajla Djan, Simone Duprat, Klara Eleftheriadi, Philine G. D. Feulner, Jean-François Flot, Giobbe Forni, Bruno Fosso, Pascal Fournier, Christine Fournier-Chambrillon, Toni Gabaldon, Shilpa Garg, Carmela Gissi, Luca Giupponi, Jessica Gomez-Garrido, Josefa González, Miguel L. Grilo, Björn Grüning, Thomas Guerin, Nadege Guiglielmoni, Marta Gut, Marcel P. Haesler, Christoph Hahn, Balint Halpern, Peter W. Harrison, Julia Heintz, Maris Hindrikson, Jacob Höglund, Kerstin Howe, Graham M. Hughes, Benjamin Istace, Mark J. Cock, Franc Janžekovič, Zophonias O. Jonsson, Sagane Joye-Dind, Janne J. Koskimäki, Boris Krystufek, Justyna Kubacka, Heiner Kuhl, Szilvia Kusza, Karine Labadie, Meri Lähteenaro, Henrik Lantz, Anton Lavrinienko, Lucas Leclère, Ricardo Jorge Lopes, Ole Madsen, Ghislaine Magdelenat, Giulia Magoga, Tereza Manousaki, Tapio Mappes, Joao Pedro Marques, Gemma I. Martinez Redondo, Florian Maumus, Shane A. McCarthy, Hendrik-Jan Megens, Jose Melo-Ferreira, Sofia L. Mendes, Matteo Montagna, Joao Moreno, Mai-Britt Mosbech, Mónica Moura, Zuzana Musilova, Eugene Myers, Will J. Nash, Alexander Nater, Pamela Nicholson, Manuel Niell, Reindert Nijland, Benjamin Noel, Karin Noren, Pedro H. Oliveira, Remi-Andre Olsen, Lino Ometto, Rebekah A. Oomen, Stephan Ossowski, Vaidas Palinauskas, Snaebjorn Palsson, Jerome P. Panibe, Joana Pauperio, Martina Pavlek, Emilie Payen, Julia Pawlowska, Jaume Pellicer, Graziano Pesole, Joao Pimenta, Martin Pippel, Anna Maria Pirttilä, Nikos Poulakakis, Jeena Rajan, Rúben M.C. Rego, Roberto Resendes, Philipp Resl, Ana Riesgo, Patrik Rodin-Morch, Andre E. R. Soares, Carlos Rodriguez Fernandes, Maria M. Romeiras, Guilherme Roxo, Lukas Rüber, Maria Jose Ruiz-Lopez, Urmas Saarma, Luis P. da Silva, Manuela Sim-Sim, Lucile Soler, Vitor C. Sousa, Carla Sousa Santos, Alberto Spada, Milomir Stefanovic, Viktor Steger, Josefin Stiller, Matthias Stöck, Torsten H. Struck, Hiranya Sudasinghe, Riikka Tapanainen, Christian Tellgren-Roth, Helena Trindade, Yevhen Tukalenko, Ilenia Urso, Benoit Vacherie, Steven M. Van Belleghem, Kees Van Oers, Carlos Vargas-Chavez, Nevena Velickovic, Noel Vella, Adriana Vella, Cristiano Vernesi, Sara Vicente, Sara Villa, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, Filip A. M. Volckaert, Judit Voros, Patrick Wincker, Sylke Winkler, Claudio Ciofi, Robert M. Waterhouse, and Camila J. Mazzoni

Subjects
General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Abstract A genomic database of all Earth’s eukaryotic species could contribute to many scientific discoveries; however, only a tiny fraction of species have genomic information available. In 2018, scientists across the world united under the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), aiming to produce a database of high-quality reference genomes containing all ~1.5 million recognized eukaryotic species. As the European node of the EBP, the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) sought to implement a new decentralised, equitable and inclusive model for producing reference genomes. For this, ERGA launched a Pilot Project establishing the first distributed reference genome production infrastructure and testing it on 98 eukaryotic species from 33 European countries. Here we outline the infrastructure and explore its effectiveness for scaling high-quality reference genome production, whilst considering equity and inclusion. The outcomes and lessons learned provide a solid foundation for ERGA while offering key learnings to other transnational, national genomic resource projects and the EBP.

Published
2024
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