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cf. Camptognathosaurus parisiensis Folie, Smith & Smith, 2013 MATERIAL EXAMINED. ��� MNHN.F.MTC238 (Fig. 7), posterior part of a left dentary (L = 3.2 mm); it preserves only two tooth positions with one complete tooth. DESCRIPTION The sulcus Meckeli (its posterior part) opens widely and faces medio-ventrally. This fossa is divided by a well-developed, subvertical intramandibular septum that separate the alveolar canal from the Meckelian canal; Its ventral margin is fused with the internal, ventral wall of the dentary and the septum terminates at, or near, the level of the posteriormost tooth (see discussion on this position in Čerňansk�� 2019). Its posterior margin is deeply incised. Overhanging the Meckelian fossa, the subdental shelf is not arched, its mesial border is nearly vertical and terminates at the level of the last tooth position. Immediately behind this tooth, the dentary bears a strong coronoid process that projects posterodorsally. The single preserved tooth (certainly the penultimate one) is heavily built, subcylindrical and slightly tapers towards the crown. The tooth base is broad and nearly half of the tooth height projects above the dental parapet. The apex is somewhat eroded and it seems rather rounded. The tooth implantation is pleurodont and a sulcus dentalis may run along the medial side of the tooth raw although the presence of sediment casts some doubts on this observation. DISCUSSION AND COMPARISONS Despite the fragmentary nature of this fossil, the presence of a well-developed intramandibular septum fused with the ventral wall of the dentary and of a strongly developed coronoid process are features common to many amphisbaenian lizards, though they may be present in some skinks like Ophiomorus (Čerňansk�� pers. comm.). In addition, the robust tooth shows typical amphisbaenian morphology (Čerňansk�� et al. 2015) with simplification of the tooth crown (Smith 2009), features obviously absent in scincid lizards As a last point, this dentary is very similar to other dentaries from the late Paleocene of Rivecourt Petit P��tis and Cernay-l��s-Reims attributed to the amphisbaenian taxon Camptognathosaurus parisiensis (Folie et al. 2013). The dentary from Montchenot shares two diagnostic features with this species: teeth bulbous that project above the dental parapet nearly half of their height. However, due to the fragmentary nature and the poor preservation of the specimen, this referral cannot be accepted without some reservations., Published as part of Aug��, Marc Louis, Dion, Micha��l & Ph��lizon, Alain, 2021, The lizard (Reptilia, Squamata) assemblage from the Paleocene of Montchenot (Paris Basin, MP 6), pp. 645-661 in Geodiversitas 43 (17) on page 653, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a17, http://zenodo.org/record/5628435, {"references":["FOLIE A., SMITH R. & SMITH T. 2013. - New amphisbaenian lizards from the EarlyPaleogene of Europe and their implications for the early evolution of modern amphisbaenians. Geologica Belgica 16 (4): 227 - 235.","CERNANSKY A., AUGE M., RAGE J. - C. 2015. - A complete mandible of a new Amphisbaenian reptile (Squamata, Amphisbaenia) from the late Middle Eocene (Bartonian, MP 16) of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 (1): 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2014. 902379","SMITH K. T. 2009. - A new lizard assemblage from the earliest Eocene (Zone Wao) of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: Biogeography during the warmest interval of the Cenozoic. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 7 (3): 299 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477201909002752"]}

Pan-Shinisaurus indet. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — MNHN. F.MTC240-MTC242, MTC243, nearly fifty osteoderms, a few complete, most more or less severely damaged by digestive processes or post-burial damages (Fig. 9). DESCRIPTION Measures (mm): maximum width (w) of osteoderms ranges between 1.1 and 3.9 mm. The osteoderms, when complete, are oval, suboval or subrectangular elements with more or less irregular margins. Gliding surfaces are absent. All bear a prominent medial keel that extends the full length of the osteoderm. A slight concavity on the underside of some osteoderms reflects the form of the keel. From the keel a pattern of deep pits or grooves and marked ridges radiates. The dorsal surface of most osteoderms is flat but a few have a rather strongly vaulted shape which certainly reflect different positions on the body. COMPARISONS AND DISCUSSION Some characters are traditionally used to separate anguimorph taxa (and more specifically anguid genera) by their osteoderms (Hoffstetter 1962a; Meszoely 1970; Bochaton et al. 2015, 2016), including the presence of a gliding surface and of a keel. For example, Gauthier (1982) considered keeled body osteoderms to be the plesiomorphic state for Anguimorpha. Referral of the osteoderms from Montchenot to Pan - Shinisaurus (sensu Smith & Gauthier 2013) follows from the combination of the features described above. These osteoderms are similar in shape to those of other fossil pan-shinisaurs, particularly Provaranosaurus fatuus Smith & Gauthier, 2013 (Smith & Gauthier 2013, early Eocene of the Wasatch Formation, Wyoming, United States), Merkurosaurus ornatus Klembara, 2008 (Klembara 2008, early Miocene, Orleanian, MN 3, Bohemia) and an indeterminate pan-shinisaur from Messel (Smith 2017, middle Eocene, Germany). Crocodile-tailed lizards (Chinese crocodile lizard) or shinisaurs are represented by a single living species, Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930. It is worth noting that similar osteoderms have already been reported in the European Paleocene and early Eocene, in particular in the localities of Cernay (MP 6, Hoffstetter 1943), Dormaal and Le Quesnoy (early Eocene, MP 7, Hecht & Hoffstetter 1962; Augé 1990) and perhaps at Rivecourt- Petit Pâtis (Smith et al. 2014). Hecht & Hoffstetter (1962) and Augé (2005) suggested that these osteoderms could be attributed to the genus Necrosaurus as they are also similar to those of Palaeovaranus cayluxi (Ex Necrosaurus), see figs. in Rage 1978; Estes 1983; Augé & Smith 2009; Klembara & Green 2010. However, the taxonomic status and phylogenetic affinities of these lizards are a complex matter. Georgalis (2017) pointed out that the name Necrosaurus, as established by Filhol (1876) is a nomina nuda and that Zittel (1887 -1890) was the first author to make the name Palaeovaranus cayluxi available. The phylogenetic affinities of Palaeovaranus are a moot point: briefly, McDowell & Bogert (1954) noted significant morphological differences between Palaeovaranus and members of the Platynota (sensu Pregill et al. 1986) and they referred it to xenosaurid lizards, an option first adopted by Hoffstetter (1954). Later this author returned Palaeovaranus to the Platynota (Hoffstetter 1962b). Lee (1997) rejected this taxon as paraphyletic. The phylogenetic position of Palaeovaranus is still a matter of discussion, although several derived characters suggest Platynotan relationships (see discussion in Smith 2017). In contrast, the attribution of Provaranosaurus fatuus and specimen SMF ME 11403 (an autotomized tail) from Messel to pan-shinisaur is a settled matter as they show no Platynotan derived characters (Smith & Gauthier 2013; Smith 2017). The fossils from Dormaal (osteoderms, vertebrae and an undescribed dentary) previously attributed to Necrosaurus (Palaeovaranus) show no Platynotan features and are nearly identical to the material of Provaranosaurus fatuus described by Smith & Gauthier 2013. In particular, Provaranosaurus has both rectangular and oval osteoderms, as in the material from Monchenot, while Palaeovaranus bears only ovoid osteoderms. On the basis of these resemblances, the osteoderms from Monchenot may be referred to pan- Shinisaurus and the presence of rectangular osteoderms seems to exclude an attribution to Palaeovaranus.

Scincoidea indet. MATERIAL EXAMINED. ��� Two incomplete dentaries: Dentary, MNHN. F.MTC245 (Fig. 2), bears four tooth loci (the most posterior teeth); Dentary, MNHN. F.MTC244 (Fig. 3), bears four tooth loci. DESCRIPTION Dentaries, MNHN. F.MTC245 (Fig. 2) This robust, right dentary (L = 3.7mm) is strongly arched (concave), its posterior part is deep and it distinctly narrows towards the anterior margin. This specimen preserves three incomplete teeth. On the lingual side the subdental shelf (sensu Rage & Aug�� 2010) is eroded except in the posterior part of the dentary, where it is sub-vertical and meets the dental table nearly at a right angle. It is difficult to assess the presence of a medial sulcus dentalis along the tooth bases, due to the poor preservation of the subdental shelf. A large posterodorsal process extends behind the level of the last tooth and presents a deep, inclined surface which certainly received the anteromedial dentary process of the coronoide. On that surface, a circular cavity located behind the level of the last tooth may mark the position of the anterior end of this process. Posteriorly, the sulcus Meckeli is widely open medially and it gradually narrows towards the anterior end of the specimen. Under the dental table, there is an intramandibular septum, between the level of the last-penultimate tooth positions. It shows no vertical projection. In lateral view, no labial foramens are exposed. Posteriorly, there is a well-developed labial coronoid process, which bears no trace of contact with an anterolabial dentary process of the coronoid. Dentition: The three incompletely preserved teeth are pleurodont and robust (amblyodont). They gradually taper towards the apex, the tooth base is enlarged and medially expanded. Two tooth bases are pierced by a large, central replacement cavity and cement deposits around the tooth bases are poorly developed. Apices are broken in all teeth, except perhaps for the last one which seems to bear a rounded crown. Specimen MNHN. F.MTC244 (Fig. 3) Incomplete left dentary (L = 5.1mm) that bears five tooth positions, and two teeth partially preserved. The morphology of dentary MNHN. F.MTC244 is nearly identical to that of specimen MTC245 (described above). The subdental shelf is arched, vertical and moderately deep and it meets the dental table nearly at a right angle.A sulcus dentalis is present.The teeth are better preserved than those of specimen MTC245 and their apex is obtusely pointed and bears neither cusps nor striations. The labial surface of the two dentaries bears important marks of alteration, certainly caused by digestive process (Andrews 1990). It is worth noting that these processes could be at least partially behind the lack of striations on the teeth (see above). COMPARISONS AND DISCUSSION On account of the fragmentary nature of these specimens their taxonomic position is difficult to evaluate. In addition, no clear diagnostic features or synapomorphies are present in those dentaries. However, there are some features which, in combination may suggest scincoid relationships:pleurodont dentition, subdental shelf well developed, sub-vertical and forming a nearly right angle with the surface of the dental table, presence of a sulcus dentalis.At this point, it may be objected that those characters are also present in Lacertoidea (and particularly in lacertid lizards). However the first dentary (specimen MNHN. F.MTC245) differs significantly from that of most fossil and extant Lacertoidea in two characters: 1) in lingual view, the presence of a large posterodorsal extension behind the subdental shelf that received the anteromedial dentary process of the coronoid; and 2) in labial view, the dentary has an upwardly directed coronoid process that prevents the extension of the coronoid onto the labial surface of the dentary (Daza et al. 2015). In lacertid and teiid lizards this process is reduced and the anterolateral dentary process of the coronoid is expanded anteriorly and covers the posterodorsal part of the dentary, generally leaving a clear mark on it (Aug�� 2005). Presence of a mesial and distal crest or of a single longitudinal crest on the tooth crown are certainly primitive within Scincoidea (Kosma 2004; Richter 1994, 1995; Georgalis et al. 2017). Accessory cusps on the mesial and distal crests are virtually unknown in Scincoidea and skinks tend to have blunt, chisel-shaped tooth crowns (Smith & Gauthier 2013; Daza et al. 2015) while most lacertids have acute cusps; absence of cusps in the dentaries from Montchenot tend to exclude them from lacertoid lizards. Absence of striae on the tooth crowns and obtusely pointed teeth without longitudinal crest (in dentary MNHN. F.MTC244) are clearly characters that come into conflict with the generalized scincoid dentition (Richter 1994; B��hme 2010) or scincid grade sensu Kosma (2004:5). Once again, absence of striae may be du to the poor preservation of these teeth. However, a great number of forms, notably among scincids, depart from this tooth pattern and bear specialized dentitions (Estes & Williams 1984; Kosma 2004; Aug�� 2005; Nydam et al. 2013; Bolet & Aug�� 2014).In addition, this scincid-grade of tooth morphology is also present in some non-scincid taxa, such as some species of Gymnophthalmidae and Gekkonidae (Nydam et al. 2013; Sumida & Murphy 1987). In addition, the lack of striae may be due to taphonomic pocesses (e.g. digestive process) that affected the enamel. Recently, several scincoid taxa have been described in the European Paleogene, some forms being referred to scincids (e.g. Bolet et al. 2015; Aug�� 2005) others to cordylids s.l. (Bolet & Evans 2013) or to Scincoidea (Weber 2004; Folie et al. 2005; Bolet & Aug�� 2014; Aug�� & Smith 2009; Čerňansk�� et al. 2016). Most generally, these authors recognized that the distinction between the two families (Scincidae and Cordylidae) is difficult. The tooth shape and the arched dentary suggest that the fossils from Montchenot belong more likely to scincids than to cordylids. Unfortunately, these fossils are too incomplete and thus unsuitable for a more specific assignment. As a last point, some characters of these dentaries, in combination, may suggest amphisbaenian relationships (e.g. well-developed coronoid process, robust teeth and a probable low tooth count). However, their general shape, in particular their strongly arched (concave) ventral border and subdental shelf clearly exclude this possibility. This morphology sharply contrast with the straight ventral border of the dentary that is shown by nearly all amphisbaenian members (see Gans & Montero 2008). Gans (1974) clearly demonstrates that this morphology is tied to the fossorial habits of these lizards. ? Scincoidea indet. MATERIAL EXAMINED. ��� MNHN. F.MTC242, one incomplete axis (Fig. 4). DESCRIPTION Terminology follows Hoffstetter & Gasc 1969 and Čerňansk�� et al. 2014. The centrum is well-preserved and strongly built but the neural arch is entirely lacking. A posteroventrally oriented intercentrum (second intercentrum) is sutured (not fused) to the base of the centrum and forms a rather short ventral keel in the antero-ventral region of the centrum. A small, slightly anteriorly curved process is fused to the posterior part of the base of the centrum, nearly beneath the condyle articulation. These two reliefs are separated by a deep, rounded trench. The huge odontoid process covers most of the articulation area in anterior view, it is high (dorso-ventrally elongated) and not markedly expanded anteriorly. In posterior view, the condyle is laterally compressed. REMARKS According toČerňansk�� 2016 the squamate atlas-axis complex may be an important source of new morphological characters that can help to resolve persistent conflicts between morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of lizard phylogeny (Losos et al. 2012). However, only a handful of morphological studies include detailed anatomy of the atlas-axis complex in lizards (Rieppel 1980, Čerňansk�� et al. 2019, anguimorph lizards; Čerňansk�� et al. 2014;Čerňansk�� 2016; Čerňansk�� & Stanley 2019 about the atlas-axis in chamaeleonids, Cordyliformes and dibamids respectively; Vaugh et al. 2015, geckos). The work of Hoffstetter & Gasc 1969 develops a wide-ranging comparative study of the atlas-axis complex between lizard families. The axis from Montchenot bears several phylogenetic significant characters: odontoid process dorso-ventrally elongated; condyle laterally compressed (occurs in nearly all Cordyliformes, Čerňansk�� 2016: 22); position and suture of intercentra on the ventral region of the centrum. Among Anguimorpha, the intercentra are fused to the centrum in anguid lizards and in varanids the odontoid process is laterally elongated. The condyle of lacertoid lizards is rather rounded and not laterally compressed and most gekkonids have amphicoelous vertebrae. All characters of this axis suggest scincoid relationships. For example, the morphology of the axis of Broadleysaurus (Cordyliformes, Gerrhosauridae) is very similar to that of the axis from Montchenot (Čerňansk�� 2016: fig. 8). However, this referral is at best tentative due to the incompleteness of MNHN. F.MTC242 and the very limited number of specimens available for comparisons. ? Scincoidea indet. MATERIAL EXAMINED. ��� MNHN. F.MTC242, one incomplete axis (Fig. 4). DESCRIPTION Terminology follows Hoffstetter & Gasc 1969 and Čerňansk�� et al. 2014. The centrum is well-preserved and strongly built but the neural arch is entirely lacking. A posteroventrally oriented intercentrum (second intercentrum) is sutured (not fused) to the base of the centrum and forms a rather short ventral keel in the antero-ventral region of the centrum. A small, slightly anteriorly curved process is fused to the posterior part of the base of the centrum, nearly beneath the condyle articulation. These two reliefs are separated by a deep, rounded trench. The huge odontoid process covers most of the articulation area in anterior view, it is high (dorso-ventrally elongated) and not markedly expanded anteriorly. In posterior view, the condyle is laterally compressed. REMARKS According toČerňansk�� 2016 the squamate atlas-axis complex may be an important source of new morphological characters that can help to resolve persistent conflicts between morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of lizard phylogeny (Losos et al. 2012). However, only a handful of morphological studies include detailed anatomy of the atlas-axis complex in lizards (Rieppel 1980, Čerňansk�� et al. 2019, anguimorph lizards; Čerňansk�� et al. 2014;Čerňansk�� 2016; Čerňansk�� & Stanley 2019 about the atlas-axis in chamaeleonids, Cordyliformes and dibamids respectively; Vaugh et al. 2015, geckos). The work of Hoffstetter & Gasc 1969 develops a wide-ranging comparative study of the atlas-axis complex between lizard families. The axis from Montchenot bears several phylogenetic significant characters: odontoid process dorso-ventrally elongated; condyle laterally compressed (occurs in nearly all Cordyliformes, Čerňansk�� 2016: 22); position and suture of intercentra on the ventral region of the centrum. Among Anguimorpha, the intercentra are fused to the centrum in anguid lizards and in varanids the odontoid process is laterally elongated. The condyle of lacertoid lizards is rather rounded and not laterally compressed and most gekkonids have amphicoelous vertebrae. All characters of this axis suggest scincoid relationships. For example, the morphology of the axis of Broadleysaurus (Cordyliformes, Gerrhosauridae) is very similar to that of the axis from Montchenot (Čerňansk�� 2016: fig. 8). However, this referral is at best tentative due to the incompleteness of MNHN. F.MTC242 and the very limited number of specimens available for comparisons., Published as part of Aug��, Marc Louis, Dion, Micha��l & Ph��lizon, Alain, 2021, The lizard (Reptilia, Squamata) assemblage from the Paleocene of Montchenot (Paris Basin, MP 6), pp. 645-661 in Geodiversitas 43 (17) on pages 647-649, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a17, http://zenodo.org/record/5628435, {"references":["RAGE J. - C. & AUGE M. 2010. - Squamate reptiles from the middle Eocene of Lissieu (France). A landmark in the middle Eocene of Europe. Geobios 43: 253 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2009.08.002","ANDREWS P. 1990. - Owls, Caves and Fossils. Predation, Preservation and Accumulation of small Mammal Bones in Caves, with an Analysis of the Pleistocene Cave Faunas from Westbury-sub-Mendip, Somerset, UK. Natural History Museum Publications, London, 231 p.","DAZA J. D., BAUER A. M., SAND C., LILLEY I., WAKE T. 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