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The purpose of this paper is to provide a new scheduling model of a large constellation of imaging satellites that does not use a heuristic solving method. The objective is to create a mixed-integer linear model that would be competitive in speed and in its closeness to reality against a current model using simulated annealing, while trying to improve both models. Each satellite has the choice between a number of possible events, each event having a utility and a cost, and the chosen schedule must take into account numerous time-related constraints. The main difficulties appeared in modeling realistically a battery level and in handling infeasible configurations due to inaccurate parameters. The obtained linear model has enabled a better understanding of the performance of the simulated annealing solver, and could also be adapted to different real-world scheduling problems.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the air transportation system worldwide. This paper aims at analyzing the effect of the travel restriction measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic from a passenger perspective on the US air transportation system. Four metrics based on data generated by passengers and airlines on social media are proposed to measure how the travel restriction measures impacted the relation between passengers and airlines in close to real-time. The proposed metrics indicate that each airline has reacted differently to the COVID-19 travel restriction measures from a passenger perspective, therefore they can be used by airlines and passengers to improve their decision making process. This report comes ahead of official data related to the same sequence of events, thereby showing the value of passenger-borne data in an industry where corporate priorities, institutional prudence, and passenger satisfaction come close together., Highlights • Passenger-generated data can be harnessed earlier than official flight data. • Four passenger-centric metrics are proposed and extracted from the Twitter flow. • These metrics can be used to improve passenger and airline decisions. • US airlines have reacted differently to COVID-19 travel restriction measures. • Each airline has its own passenger communication Twitter profile.

International audience; NextGen and ACARE Flightpath 2050 set some ambitious goals for air travel, including improving the passenger travel experience using door-to-door travel times as a possible metric. Using recently released Uber data along with other online databases, a reliable estimation of door-to-door travel times is possible, which then enables a comparison of cities performance regarding the good integration of their airports as well as a per segment analysis of the full trip. This model can also be used to better evaluate where progress should and can be made with respect to air passenger travel experience.

International audience; Airport security checkpoints are critical areas in airport operations. Airports have to manage an important passenger flow at these checkpoints for security reason while maintaining service quality. The cost and quality of such an activity depend on the human resource management for these security operations. An appropriate human resource management can be obtained using an estimation of the passenger flow. This paper investigates the prediction at a strategic level of the passenger flows at Paris Charles De Gaulle airport security checkpoints using machine learning techniques such as Long Short-Term Memory neural networks. The derived models are compared to the current prediction model using three different mathematical metrics. In addition, operational metrics are also designed to further analyze the performance of the obtained models.

Best Student Paper Award; International audience; This paper aims at investigating further the use of the social media Twitter as a real-time estimator of the US Air Transportation system. Two different machine learning regressors have been trained on this 2017 passenger-centric dataset and tested on the first two months of 2018 for the estimation of air traffic delays at departure and arrival at 34 different US airports. Using three different levels of content-related features created from the flow of social media posts led to the extraction of useful information about the current state of the air traffic system. The resulting methods yield higher estimation performances than traditional state-of-the-art and off-the-shelf time-series forecasting techniques performed on flight-centric data for more than 28 airports. Moreover the features extracted can also be used to start a passenger-centric analysis of the Air Transportation system. This paper is the continuation of previous works focusing on estimating air traffic delays leveraging a real-time publicly available passenger-centered data source. The results of this study suggest a method to use passenger-centric data-sources as an estimator of the current state of the different actors of the air transportation system in real-time.

Best of session paper; International audience; This paper presents a data-driven study of wait time patterns for international arriving passengers across all 61 terminals from the 44 airports of entry of the United States. Each airport is an independent entity which operates with various airlines and handles demand volumes differently. This induces seasonal variation in service quality from one airport to another. Exploring six years worth of data, this paper investigates the current and long-term performance trends-an increasing number of flights versus a decreasing number of customs booths-of all airports of entry from a passenger perspective. A performance analysis is then conducted that compares average wait times of incoming passengers, considering incoming traffic ratios and allocated resources. Leveraging machine learning algorithms, six regression algorithms are trained and tested to accurately predict passenger wait times through customs at selected airports. An analysis of the performance of these models shows that the best approach-using a Gradient Boosting regressor for each terminal of entry-can capture the daily and seasonal variations of traffic patterns and immigration booth availabilities with a mean absolute error of less or equal to 5 minutes for twenty-eight terminals of entry and less than 10 minutes for all terminals. Observations show significant disparities across airports that may be explained by the foreign/US passenger ratio and the quality of booth management.

International audience; This paper aims at presenting a detailed analysis of domestic air passengers behavior during a major air-traffic disturbance, from two complementary passenger-centric perspective: a passenger mobility perspective and a passenger social media perspective. By leveraging over 5 billion records of mobile phone location data per day from a major carrier in the United States, passenger mobility can be reliably analyzed, no matter which airline the passengers fly on or which airport they fly to and from. Such information is currently unavailable to the major aviation stakeholders at such scale and can be used to establish performance benchmarks from a passenger's perspective. Combining it with a Twitter analysis provides a more detailed and passenger-focused analysis than the traditional flight-centric measurements used to evaluate the overall system performance. More generally, these two passenger-centric analysis could be implemented in real-time for a daily evaluation of the Air Transportation System, enabling a faster analysis of the impact of major disruptions, whether due to meteorological conditions or system failures.

Multi-core processors pervade numerous industries but they still represent a challenge for the aerospace industry, where strong certification of every components is required. One way to make them enforce safety-criticality constraints is to ensure reallocation of critical tasks on the chip when they are affected by hardware faults. This paper describes and compares different models of a task reallocation problem for a reconfigurable multi-core architecture. It also presents the first version of the macroscopic model made of Raspberry Pi that was built to represent the multi-core architecture and to test the task allocation algorithm on an actual system, showing the increased robustness that the reallocation algorithm enables while cores are made faulty.