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The escalating threat of climate change has placed global coastal communities at risk, with rising sea levels and intensified storm events presenting unprecedented challenges. Coastal vulnerability assessments, conducted every 3–5 years, are crucial. This empirical study assesses the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the distinct coastal contexts of Dawlish, Happisburgh (England), and Aberystwyth (Wales). The CVI method consists of the Physical Coastal Vulnerability Index (PCVI) and the Economic Coastal Vulnerability Index (ECVI), which provide a multidimensional assessment of vulnerability for coastal zones. This integrated index allows for a nuanced evaluation of vulnerability, distinguishing between sites based on various factors. Additionally, this study conducted a correlation analysis to understand the associations between the parameters. The findings demonstrate that physical features like beach and dune widths significantly impact a location's natural defences, and economic factors such as property values and population density are equally crucial in determining societal risks and potential financial repercussions. The Combined Coastal Vulnerability Index (CCVI) results confirm the effectiveness of incorporating a diverse range of variables. Despite its substantial economic value, it reveals that Dawlish requires targeted protective measures, whereas Happisburgh needs an increased focus on its most vulnerable sectors. Aberystwyth emerges as the area with the highest overall vulnerability, underscoring the need for comprehensive coastal management practices. The study's conclusions emphasize the essential role of adaptive, integrated management strategies in enhancing coastal resilience against the complex threats posed by climate dynamics. Moving forward, the indices established herein advocate for their use in strategic planning and policymaking to strengthen coastal regions in the face of sea-level rise and climatic variability. This investigation lays the groundwork for future research, aimed at refining and expanding these methodologies, aspiring to develop a detailed national coastal vulnerability atlas, a critical tool for informed decision-making and safeguarding at-risk communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the agri-food industry faces a significant challenge in reducing food waste in line with circular economy principles. In this context, the frozen vegetables industry rejects products that do not meet consumers' appearance standards, leading to a waste of vegetables that could be reincorporated into the food chain. Thus, waste generated from broccoli, cauliflower, and peas in the last selection stages of a frozen vegetable industry manufacturer were collected, dehydrated, and transformed into flour. These flours were used to replace 50% of the wheat flour in a basic bakery product, using a baked dough made only with flour and water, and analyzed from physical, nutritional, and sensory perspectives. The doughs showed slight changes in texture, with increased hardness values and reduced cohesiveness, making them more difficult to handle, as well as changes in color due to the incorporation of vegetable pigments. However, from a nutritional perspective, these products were enriched in protein, with values that reached up to 20.88% in the sample made with broccoli flour, and dietary fiber, with an increase from 0.67% obtained in the control sample to 6.00% in the sample made with pea flour and to over 8 in the samples made with broccoli and cauliflower. This was accompanied by a reduction in total carbohydrates, leading to similar energy values (around 380 kcal/100 g dm). Furthermore, the content in total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were increased, especially when flours from the Brassica species were used. From the sensory point of view, all the samples made with vegetable flours received positive evaluations, even higher than the control sample when smell or taste was evaluated. In this regard, the samples made with cauliflower flour stood out when the taste was evaluated, reaching values above three on a scale where the maximum value was four. All of these results demonstrate that using these wasted vegetables can be a good alternative for improving the nutritional properties of basic bakery products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background and purpose Ir192 vaginal brachytherapy (IBT) is commonly used for patients with postoperative endometrial cancer (EC). We devised a novel multichannel vaginal applicator that could be equipped with an electronic brachytherapy (EBT) device. We aimed to explore the differences in physical parameters between the EBT and IBT. Materials and methods This retrospective study included 20 EC patients who received adjuvant IBT from March 1, 2023, to May 1, 2023. Multichannel vaginal cylinders were used, and three-dimensional plans were generated. We designed an electronic multichannel vaginal applicator model and simulated a three-dimensional EBT plan. In order to ensure comparability, D90 of the CTV for the EBT plan was normalized to be equivalent to that of the IBT plan for the same patient. Results Twenty EBT plans were compared with 20 IBT plans. Results showed, the mean D90 value of clinical target volume (CTV) was 536.1 cGy for both treatment plans. For the mean dose of CTV, the EBT was significantly greater (738.3 vs. 684.3 cGy, p = 0.000). There was no significant difference in CTV coverage between the EBT and IBT plans. For high-dose areas (V200% and V150%), the EBTs were significantly greater. There were no significant differences in the maximum doses to the vaginal mucosa between the EBT and IBT, whether at the apex or in the middle segment. For the bladder and rectum, both the low-dose area and high-dose area were significantly lower in the EBT plans. For the conformity index, there was no significant difference between the EBT and IBT plans. For the dose homogeneity index, the EBT value was lower. Conclusion In conclusion, under the premise of a three-dimensional brachytherapy plan, for patients receiving multichannel vaginal applicator brachytherapy, compared with IBT, EBT could reduce the dose to the surrounding organs at risk while maintaining the dose in the target area.

The paper presents the use of numerical modeling results for multivariate simulation of the manufacturing process of a wheel hub forging made of 20 HG alloy. The QForm 3D program was used to analyze the issue, which allowed to analyze the forging process without the need for expensive tools and technological tests. Based on insights from several variants of numerical calculations, new technology solutions were proposed, reducing the number of deficiencies found in industrial practice. In order to obtain full information about the phenomena occurring in the deformation process, numerical calculations were carried out in the areas of material flow, the degree of filling of blanks, the distribution of deformations and stresses in the various stages of the forging process in the die, and the elimination of defects in products. The information obtained formed the basis for proposing the optimal technology for forging wheel hubs.

Background and purpose: Ir192 vaginal brachytherapy (IBT) is commonly used for patients with postoperative endometrial cancer (EC). We devised a novel multichannel vaginal applicator that could be equipped with an electronic brachytherapy (EBT) device. We aimed to explore the differences in physical parameters between the EBT and IBT. Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 20 EC patients who received adjuvant IBT from March 1, 2023, to May 1, 2023. Multichannel vaginal cylinders were used, and three-dimensional plans were generated. We designed an electronic multichannel vaginal applicator model and simulated a three-dimensional EBT plan. In order to ensure comparability, D90 of the CTV for the EBT plan was normalized to be equivalent to that of the IBT plan for the same patient. Results: Twenty EBT plans were compared with 20 IBT plans. Results showed, the mean D90 value of clinical target volume (CTV) was 536.1 cGy for both treatment plans. For the mean dose of CTV, the EBT was significantly greater (738.3 vs. 684.3 cGy, p = 0.000). There was no significant difference in CTV coverage between the EBT and IBT plans. For high-dose areas (V200% and V150%), the EBTs were significantly greater. There were no significant differences in the maximum doses to the vaginal mucosa between the EBT and IBT, whether at the apex or in the middle segment. For the bladder and rectum, both the low-dose area and high-dose area were significantly lower in the EBT plans. For the conformity index, there was no significant difference between the EBT and IBT plans. For the dose homogeneity index, the EBT value was lower. Conclusion: In conclusion, under the premise of a three-dimensional brachytherapy plan, for patients receiving multichannel vaginal applicator brachytherapy, compared with IBT, EBT could reduce the dose to the surrounding organs at risk while maintaining the dose in the target area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Traditional Chinese Drug Research & Clinical Pharmacology is the property of Traditional Chinese Drug Research & Clinical Pharmacology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Childhood obesity is a major public health burden. The prevalence of weight excess for children and the adolescent population (8 to 16 years) is 34.9%. During childhood, lifestyles are acquired, which are developed in adulthood. In this context, the role of parents is crucial, since they are the model to imitate. We aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the effects of family-based interventions as a tool in the treatment of childhood obesity. We reviewed studies indexed in several databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Original articles published from 1 January 2014 to 30 May 2024 with a controlled trial design were considered, in which family-based interventions were carried out compared to a control group or to data before the intervention. Although 148 records were identified in the search, 6 studies met inclusion criteria. Overall, studies reported beneficial effects of family-based interventions on improving anthropometric parameters: BMI z-score, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Regarding nutritional and physical activity guidelines, general recommendations must consider increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, reducing sugary drinks, controlled screen time, and 30–60 min of physical activity/day. Thus, family-based interventions could be an effective non-pharmacological strategy for modulating childhood obesity, allowing families to modify their lifestyles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with two problems. The main problem is the parameter calculation for the Yarkovsky effect using analytic formulas and their comparison with that obtained through its inclusion in the number of parameters to be detected. Unknown physical parameters of asteroids are varied to obtain the boundary values from analytic formulas. Numerical calculations imply that acceleration driven by the Yarkovsky effect, is inversely proportional to the degree of the heliocentric distance. It is shown that numerical calculations for objects with a well-defined orbit are in good agreement with analytic boundaries. The second problem concerns the numerical calculation of the best degree value for the distance to the Sun. It is demonstrated that the best results are obtained at the degree value of 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this experimental study was to analyze the performance of the wastewater treatment plant located on the bank of a river in the province of Cotopaxi, Ecuador. To begin the evaluation, essential information was collected such as the socioeconomic activity of the community, the location and size of the plant, the population served, and the available treatment units, among other data. Field work was then carried out, which included measuring the treatment units and the inflow and outflow using the volumetric method to identify the time of highest demand. Samples were taken, whose laboratory analysis revealed that some physicochemical parameters did not comply with the standards established by TULSMA (Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation) for discharges into freshwater bodies, especially in the levels of surfactants and actual color. With all the information gathered and the theoretical calculations for sizing the treatment units performed, it was concluded that the FAFA (Ascending Flow Anaerobic Filter) system was not working properly and that there were cracks in the septic tank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Materiały Budowlane is the property of Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seasonal quality assessment of surface water provides not only a better understanding about pollution dynamics in water bodies but also information for the implementation of sustainable water-use management strategies. Such vital information is lacking for surface waters in most cities in sub-Sahara Africa region, especially Nigeria. The study aimed, therefore, to examine the seasonal physio-chemical characteristics of surface waters in Enugu urban, southeast Nigeria, during the dry and wet seasons. Twelve Surface water samples were collected from the six major rivers in Enugu urban during two seasons (wet and dry seasons). Their physico-chemical characteristics were determined by specific analyses between 2020 and 2022. Some of the parameters were measured in situ whereas bacterial analysis were analysed in the laboratory. Seasonal fluctuations in surface water quality characteristics were determined and the pollution status was compared to WHO standards. The results revealed that the parameters like Turbidity, Ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrogen, Fecal coliform and total coliform were above the WHO permissible limit at all sites and for all seasons. Various anthropogenic activities, untreated sewage and effluent were the major sources of pollution to the river ecology and the surface water. Overall monitoring network results must be used to control pollution in catchments where industrial and urban activities are increasing in other to ensure effective water quality management, sustainability and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigated the effects of viscous, elastic and dielectric parameters on the EHD performance of a positive nematic liquid crystal 5CB using CFD (CFD stands for Computational Fluid Dynamics) method. The governing equations including the continuity, momentum and angular momentum equation are presented. The constitutive equations for viscoelastic deformation and shear stress were established based on the L-E and O-F theories. The variables of micro-flow velocity, 5CB molecular director angular velocity, etc were chosen as the EHD (EHD is the abbreviation for electrohydrodynamic dynamics) feature quantities. The application of a DC electric field can cause continuous stable micro-flow in LC cell. The magnitude and direction of micro-flow are coupled with the angular velocity of the 5CB directors and are also influenced by viscoelastic parameters. The relaxation time is inversely proportional to the electric field intensity and dielectric parameters, proportional to the viscous parameters, and independent of the elastic parameters. Using the micro-PIV experiments, the numerical simulation results were tested. A stable approximate antisymmetric 'S' type flow profile was obtained in the 5CB cell which is in good agreement with the simulation result. The conclusions can lay a theoretical foundation for further study and application of liquid crystalline microfluidic driving methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A transient temperature distribution calculation model of wellbore based on steadystate pressure distribution model and physical parameters of natural gas was established for gas lift operation by injecting natural gas into the annulus of oil casing of offshore oil wells. Combined with the field data, the influence of gas injection temperature, flow rate, components and pressure on the temperature distribution of the wellbore during gas lift was studied and analyzed. The results showed that the injection temperature had a large effect on the temperature distribution in the front part of the wellbore, but the depth of its effect was greatly limited by the interference of seawater. Increasing the injection flow rate led to a significant reduction in fluid temperature in the wellbore. The temperature of the natural gas fluid in the wellbore increased significantly as the CO2 content of the gas components increased with the decrease in CH4 content. Increasing the injection pressure could have an effect on the fluid temperature in the seawater section and had no significant effect on the wellbore temperature in the formation section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was undertaken on cattle bull semen reared at Frozen Semen Bull Station, Karimnagar, Telangana. The study was carried out on four cattle breeds (3 to 5 years of age) viz., Gir, Ongole, Jersey and Crossbred Jersey (CBJY). Semen was collected twice weekly from each bull using artificial vagina technique with a total of 32 ejaculates evaluated under study. The semen was diluted with Egg Yolk Tris Citrate (EYTC) extender and was evaluated for physical characteristics of neat semen, motility parameters and sperm viability percentage. The investigation revealed that Gir bull semen had significantly higher (p<0.05) ejaculate volume, mass motility, individual motility, sperm concentration compared to other breeds in present study. Whereas, Jersey bull semen had significantly higher (p<0.05) sperm viability percentage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the seasonal variability of water quality in the Tilacancha River, the water source that supplies Chachapoyas, and the rural communities of Levanto and San Isidro del Maino of Perú. Eighteen physical, chemical, and microbiological water parameters were evaluated at five sampling points in two seasons (rainy and dry). To determine water quality, the results obtained for the parameters evaluated were compared with the Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) established in the Regulation on Water Quality for Human Consumption (DS Nº 031-2010-SA), approved by the Environmental Health Directorate of the Ministry of Health. In addition, a Pearson correlation was performed to estimate the correlation between the variables evaluated. The results showed that microbiological parameters exceeded the MPLs in both periods evaluated, such as the case of total coliforms (44 MPN.100 mL-1), fecal coliforms (25 MPN.100 mL-1), and E. coli (5.45 MPN.100 mL-1), these microbiological parameters reported a positive correlation with turbidity, temperature, total dissolved solids, and flow rate. In addition, aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) exceeded the MPL in the rainy (0.26 mg Al.L-1) and dry (1.41 mg.Mn-1.L-1) seasons, respectively. The results indicated that the water of the Tilacancha River is not suitable for human consumption. Therefore, it must be treated in drinking water treatment plants to be used as drinking water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review focuses on thermodynamic and physical parameters, synthesis methods, and reported phases of Magnesium (Mg) containing high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Statistical data of publications concerning Mg-containing HEAs were collected and analyzed. Data on the chemical elements included in Mg-containing HEAs, their theoretical end experimental densities, thermodynamic parameters, physical parameters, fabricated techniques and reported phases were also collected and discussed. On the basis of this information, a new classification for HEAs was proposed. It is also shown that the existing thermodynamic parameters cannot accurately predict the formation of a single phase solid solution for Mg-containing HEAs. The physical parameters of Mg-containing HEAs are within a wide range, and most of the synthesized Mg-containing HEAs have a complex multiphase structure.

Abstract Temperature significantly influences the physical parameters of granite, resulting in variations in the rock's thermal conductivity. In order to examine the impact of changes in multiple physical parameters of granite at different temperatures on the thermal conductivity of rocks, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to determine the correlation between granite at different temperatures and various physical parameters, including density (ρ), P-wave velocity (P), thermal conductivity (K T ), and thermal diffusion coefficient (K D ). Utilizing the linear contribution rate, a single indicator 'y' was derived to comprehensively represent the thermal conductivity of rocks. Research findings indicate that within the temperature range of 150–450 °C, the 'y'-value is relatively high, signifying favorable thermal conductivity of the rock. Notably, longitudinal wave velocity demonstrates higher sensitivity to temperature changes compared to other physical parameters.

Finding out the specific location of the fault structure is of great significance for the engineering site selection and stability evaluation. Electrical resistivity tomography and acoustic logging are geophysical methods widely used in detecting fracture structures. Although electrical resistivity tomography is sensitive to low resistance bodies and has a large detection range, it is difficult to accurately delineate the boundary position of geological bodies because of its limited resolution. Acoustic logging can identify strata accurately, but its lateral detection range is limited. This study combined the advantages of the two methods in fault structure detection to improve the precision of geological body delineation. Firstly, the correlation between the resistivity of rock before and after fracture and the change of acoustic wave velocity was proved by physical property experiments. Then the case analysis of the resistivity and acoustic wave velocity characteristics of the fault structure and their combined application in the detection process was conducted. Finally, the depth correction of the inversion result of the electrical resistivity tomography was carried out using the acoustic logging data; and the three-dimensional distribution position of the fault structure in the underground space was obtained. Theresults show that the resistivity and acoustic wave velocity of the rock after fracture are lower than those before fracture. The fracture zone of the fault structure exists in the inversion section of the electrical resistivity tomography with a low resistivity anomaly region. On the wave velocity curve, the wave velocity value in the fracture zone decreases significantly. The combined detection mode of the two methods could provide a guidance for the delineation of the specific location of the fracture structure. The drilling results also verified that the inversion results of the electrical resistivity tomography corrected by acoustic logging data are more consistent with the actual geological conditions than those without correction.

In recent years, research into biphasic solvents has become an important direction more efficient control of CO2 emissions. However, most biphasic absorbents still face challenges such as low cyclic capacity and high viscosity of the rich phase. To develop a novel solvent with enhanced cyclic capacity and reduced regeneration energy consumption, a biphasic solvent consisting of DETA/Isobutanol/H2O was proposed. The results demonstrate excellent absorption and desorption performance of the DETA/Isobutanol/H2O biphasic solvent, with an absorption capacity ranging from 1.13 to 1.35 mol/mol and a cyclic capacity ranging from 0.61 to 0.84 mol/mol. After conducting 5 times absorption-desorption experiments, the cyclic capacity of DETA/Isobutanol/H2O biphasic solvent remained at 0.8 mol/mol. The estimated energy consumption for regeneration, under lean phase load, was calculated to be 2.42 GJ/t CO2, which was 42.24 % lower than that of 30wt% MEA aqueous solution (4.19 GJ/t CO2). The DETA/Isobutanol/H2O solution exhibits promising potential in terms of absorption-desorption performance and regenerative energy consumption, making it an exceptional CO2 absorbent.

The current study focuses on investigating the solutions of the mathematical model in the form of special functions. The phenomenon is described by a set of partial differential equations, which are then transformed into non-dimensional form. In order to improve the rheology of the Casson fluid, a fractional model is developed by using a new fractional operator Constant Proportional Caputo (CPC) approach to investigate and formulate the dynamics of Casson fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena subjected to ramped wall temperature. The fluid flow is elaborated near an infinitely vertical plate with characteristics velocity u 0 . We began by introducing appropriate variables to transform the mathematical model into non-dimensional form. Laplace transformation operator applied to gain the solution from fractional model, then obtained results expressed in the form of well-known special functions. The influence of various pertinent parameters involving in the solution was carefully examined to unveil intriguing findings. Upon comparison, we observed that the CPC approach yielded better results, after comparison with classical models documented in the literature, with graphical representations provided to illustrate these outcomes. To comprehensively analyze the dynamics of the proposed problem, physical influence of various parameters is studied and repercussions are graphically highlighted and discussed. Additionally, we derived results in a limiting sense, including Casson and viscous fluid models transitioning from the classical form to the fractionalized fluid model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a comparative analysis of published data for the physical parameters of the ZGP (ZnGeP2) crystal, its nonlinear and phase-matching properties, and functional capabilities for all frequency conversion processes (harmonics, sum and difference frequencies, and parametric generation). At the first time, the possibilities for obtaining the temperature-noncritical processes for some combinations of wavelengths are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the use of numerical modeling results for multivariate simulation of the manufacturing process of a wheel hub forging made of 20 HG alloy. The QForm 3D program was used to analyze the issue, which allowed to analyze the forging process without the need for expensive tools and technological tests. Based on insights from several variants of numerical calculations, new technology solutions were proposed, reducing the number of deficiencies found in industrial practice. In order to obtain full information about the phenomena occurring in the deformation process, numerical calculations were carried out in the areas of material flow, the degree of filling of blanks, the distribution of deformations and stresses in the various stages of the forging process in the die, and the elimination of defects in products. The information obtained formed the basis for proposing the optimal technology for forging wheel hubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Information about all existing synthesized Mg containing high entropy alloys has been collected, systematized and analyzed. • Mg has a significant influence on the high entropy alloys properties. • Classification of high entropy alloys based on its density was proposed. • Unlocking novel insights in magnesium-inclusive high-entropy alloys. • Advancements in magnesium-enriched high-entropy alloys. This review focuses on thermodynamic and physical parameters, synthesis methods, and reported phases of Magnesium (Mg) containing high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Statistical data of publications concerning Mg-containing HEAs were collected and analyzed. Data on the chemical elements included in Mg-containing HEAs, their theoretical end experimental densities, thermodynamic parameters, physical parameters, fabricated techniques and reported phases were also collected and discussed. On the basis of this information, a new classification for HEAs was proposed. It is also shown that the existing thermodynamic parameters cannot accurately predict the formation of a single phase solid solution for Mg-containing HEAs. The physical parameters of Mg-containing HEAs are within a wide range, and most of the synthesized Mg-containing HEAs have a complex multiphase structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rich in fiber and bioactive compounds, roselle calyx decoction residues offer opportunities in food processing. This study sought to develop a directly expanded snack with a mixture of corn and roselle calyx decoction residues, optimizing its physical qualities. It was conducted in 2023, using the response surface methodology with three factors and three responses. The directly expanded snack showed expansion index values between 1.75 to 2.64, bulk density of 0.15 to 0.38 g cm-3 and firmness of 6.8 to 19.6 N, with attractive purple-lilac shades. The regression models were adequate and using the desirability method, optimal conditions (OT= 132.3 °C, SS= 240 rpm) and roselle inclusion level (J= 12.4%) were determined for an optimized directly expanded snack. It was concluded that the inclusion of up to 12.4% of roselle calyx allowed obtaining snacks with excellent physical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little millet (Panicum sumatrense) is one of the underutilised indigenous nutricereals due to coarse nature and drudgery associated with processing. Minimal processing such as germination could convert it into edible form. The present study revealed that 24 h germinated little millets were better source of vitamin C (5.11 mg/100 g) and total soluble solids (2.33%) with substantial α-amylase activity (1.34 μg/100 g), milling yield (71.03%) and overall acceptability (8.73) for cooked grains compared to non-germinated and germinated ones for 12, 18, 36, 42 and 48 h. Germination enhanced hydration, swelling capacities by 25.71, 36.17% respectively and decreased bulk density, tapped density of little millets by 5.06, 5.88% respectively due to breakdown of complex components into simpler ones by hydrolytic enzymes. Consequently, germination enhanced water uptake ratio, elongation ratio, volume expansion ratio of cooked little millets by 19.35, 5.60, 39.51% respectively and decreased cooking time, gelatinisation temperature, solid content by 31.95, 20.26, 20.03% respectively. Further, it improved protein, fiber, total mineral contents by 6.92, 26.90, 130.77%, respectively and reduced moisture, fat, energy, reducing sugar contents by 5.79, 65.80, 5.74, 6.07% respectively due to activation of metabolic machineries which promoted synthesis and release of bound constituents by reducing antinutrients. These germinated little millets with better cooking quality, nutritional and sensory profile can be consumed by obese and diabetic people or utilised as functional ingredients for formulation of low bulk weaning and complementary mixes or nourishing convenience foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology / Shuiwendizhi Gongchengdizhi is the property of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gas fracturing technology for enhancing rock permeability is an area with considerable potential for development. However, the complexity and variability of underground conditions mean that a variety of rock physical parameters can affect the outcome of gas fracturing, with temperature being a critical factor that cannot be overlooked. The presence of a temperature field adds further complexity to the process of gas-induced rock fracturing. To explore the effects of temperature fields on gas fracturing technology, this paper employs numerical simulation software to model the extraction of shale gas under different temperature conditions using gas fracturing techniques. The computer simulations monitor variations in the mechanical characteristics of rocks during the process of gas fracturing. This analysis is performed both prior to and following the implementation of a temperature field. The results demonstrate that gas fracturing technology significantly improves rock permeability; temperature has an impact on the effectiveness of gas fracturing, with appropriately high temperatures capable of enhancing the fracturing effect. The temperature distribution plays a crucial role in influencing the results of gas fracturing. When the temperature is low, the fracturing effect is diminished, resulting in a lower efficiency of shale gas extraction. Conversely, when the temperature is high, the fracturing effect is more pronounced, leading to a higher shale gas production efficiency. Optimal temperatures can enhance the efficacy of gas fracturing and consequently boost the efficiency of shale gas extraction. Changes in the parameters of the rock have a substantial impact on the efficiency of gas extraction, and selecting suitable rock parameters can enhance the recovery rate of shale gas. This paper, through numerical simulation, investigates the influence of temperature on gas fracturing technology, with the aim of contributing to its improved application in engineering practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biological maturity status significantly influences success in handball, impacting an athlete’s performance and overall development. This study aimed to examine the anthropometric and physical performance variables concerning age and maturity status, establishing reference values for physical performance among Tunisian players. A total of 560 handball players (309 males and 251 females aged 13–19 years) were categorized based on maturity status: early (n = 98), average (n = 262), and late (n = 200), determined through Mirwald and colleagues’ equations. Anthropometric, physical fitness, and physiological data were collected for reference value creation. Our findings revealed significantly higher anthropometric parameters (p = 0.003) in late-maturing athletes compared to their early-maturing counterparts. Post-pubertal athletes showed significantly superior (p = 0.002) jumping ability, change of direction, and aerobic performance compared to their pre-pubertal peers. Additionally, male athletes outperformed females in both fitness (p = 0.001) and aerobic (p = 0.001) performance. A notable age-by-maturity interaction emerged for most performance outcomes (η2 ranging from 0.011 to 0.084), highlighting increased sex-specific differences as athletes progressed in age. Percentile values are provided for males and females, offering valuable insights for coaches and sports scientists to design personalized training programs. Understanding a player’s performance relative to these percentiles allows trainers to tailor workouts, addressing specific strengths and weaknesses for enhanced development and competitiveness.

Currently, the agri-food industry faces a significant challenge in reducing food waste in line with circular economy principles. In this context, the frozen vegetables industry rejects products that do not meet consumers’ appearance standards, leading to a waste of vegetables that could be reincorporated into the food chain. Thus, waste generated from broccoli, cauliflower, and peas in the last selection stages of a frozen vegetable industry manufacturer were collected, dehydrated, and transformed into flour. These flours were used to replace 50% of the wheat flour in a basic bakery product, using a baked dough made only with flour and water, and analyzed from physical, nutritional, and sensory perspectives. The doughs showed slight changes in texture, with increased hardness values and reduced cohesiveness, making them more difficult to handle, as well as changes in color due to the incorporation of vegetable pigments. However, from a nutritional perspective, these products were enriched in protein, with values that reached up to 20.88% in the sample made with broccoli flour, and dietary fiber, with an increase from 0.67% obtained in the control sample to 6.00% in the sample made with pea flour and to over 8 in the samples made with broccoli and cauliflower. This was accompanied by a reduction in total carbohydrates, leading to similar energy values (around 380 kcal/100 g dm). Furthermore, the content in total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were increased, especially when flours from the Brassica species were used. From the sensory point of view, all the samples made with vegetable flours received positive evaluations, even higher than the control sample when smell or taste was evaluated. In this regard, the samples made with cauliflower flour stood out when the taste was evaluated, reaching values above three on a scale where the maximum value was four. All of these results demonstrate that using these wasted vegetables can be a good alternative for improving the nutritional properties of basic bakery products.

Biological maturity status significantly influences success in handball, impacting an athlete's performance and overall development. This study aimed to examine the anthropometric and physical performance variables concerning age and maturity status, establishing reference values for physical performance among Tunisian players. A total of 560 handball players (309 males and 251 females aged 13–19 years) were categorized based on maturity status: early (n = 98), average (n = 262), and late (n = 200), determined through Mirwald and colleagues' equations. Anthropometric, physical fitness, and physiological data were collected for reference value creation. Our findings revealed significantly higher anthropometric parameters (p = 0.003) in late-maturing athletes compared to their early-maturing counterparts. Post-pubertal athletes showed significantly superior (p = 0.002) jumping ability, change of direction, and aerobic performance compared to their pre-pubertal peers. Additionally, male athletes outperformed females in both fitness (p = 0.001) and aerobic (p = 0.001) performance. A notable age-by-maturity interaction emerged for most performance outcomes (η2 ranging from 0.011 to 0.084), highlighting increased sex-specific differences as athletes progressed in age. Percentile values are provided for males and females, offering valuable insights for coaches and sports scientists to design personalized training programs. Understanding a player's performance relative to these percentiles allows trainers to tailor workouts, addressing specific strengths and weaknesses for enhanced development and competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The synthesis of lithium borate cadmium glasses doped with cobalt oxide (CoO) (LiBCdCo) was achieved using the traditional melt-quench process. The chemical composition of the glasses was determined to be 12 % Li 2 O – 5 % CdO – (83-z)% B 2 O 3 , where z represents the mol% of CoO and ranges from 0.0 to 2. Various experimental approaches, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy, FTIR and electrical measurements, were employed to investigate the physical, structural, and electrical properties. XRD patterns obtained from the manufactured glass specimens revealed their amorphous nature. The EDX analysis provides insight into the exact chemical composition of the materials in their prepared form. Raman spectroscopy and FTIR analysis have been employed to verify the disparity in the chemical bonds present in lithium borate cadmium glasses, both in their undoped state and when doped with 2 % CoO. The study observed a decrease in density and oxygen packing density as the molar ratios of the modifier oxides in the produced glasses increased. The present study investigates the electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of the glass samples manufactured, focusing on the influence of electron beam irradiation (E.B.). The investigation revealed that the samples exhibited greater effects when exposed to higher doses (100 kGy) of electron beam irradiation. This can be attributed to the increased occurrence of defects, specifically the formation of non-bridging oxygen species (NBOs). The ac-conductivity measurements indicate that the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) mechanism is the most suitable explanation for the ac-conduction behavior observed. This mechanism involves the electron conduction in the CoO-doped glass samples through the hopping of electrons between relaxation sites. This conduction process is facilitated by the conversion of BO 3 units into BO 4 units and the reduction of cobalt ions from Co+2 to Co+3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Human behaviour-related activities have undergone longterm development. The extent to which a motor task is completed and the outcome of the activities is referred to as performance. Sports training focuses on improving motor abilities associated with a certain sport discipline. Assumed performance is determined by motor ability and motor skill. This study focus on investigating the effect of ladder training in different sports in promoting the physical components. Materials and Methods: A review study was conducted. The data was collected from the various databases and search engines like pub med, google scholar and research gate etc. The articles were included fixing a criterion according to the needs to rule out the effectiveness of ladder training in various others sports. Conclusions: Training with the ladder has shown immense improvement in performance in sports by promoting the physical parameters required in ever sports including speed, quickness, power, stability of body, coordination, response time as well as can be further implemented in long run to increase injury prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two factors are directly involved in obtaining superior wood in quantitative and qualitative aspects, respectively an optimal consumption of nutrients (macro and micro-elements) and the optimal plants density at the surface unit. In this context, the present research have been made in order to establish the influence degree of the planting and the fertilization scheme on the physical and mechanical properties that restore the value from the point of view of wood quality to Pauownia ssp. Experimental results showed that best of all the fibers harvested from the experimental variants where the planting schemes of 5x5 m or 6x6 m were used and were administered 40 kg/ha Polyfeed 14-14-28+2MgO+ME by fertirigation during the vegetation period of the plants, the balanced ratio between the nutrients giving to the plants increased resistance to the mechanical factors action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CULCyT: Cultura Científica y Tecnológica is the property of Cultura Cientifica y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Basketball is a sport that requires basic and motor characteristics such as strength, speed, endurance and coordination, high-intensity activities such as jumping, dribbling, shooting, blocking and sprinting. It is also a sports discipline that requires aerobic and anaerobic energy processes as well as including intense activities such as jump shooting, blocking shots, movements with rapid changes of direction and high speed. In this discipline, there are many characteristics that affect performance and proper execution of technical and tactical elements according to the positions of the game. The purpose of this paper literature review is to investigate and research the impact of training programs on physical parameters in basketball in age groups. To successfully realize this review paper we studied and analyzed contemporary scientific literature. In this literature review, basic principles of selection in several stages of literature by means keywords are used based on works. Major databases were used through the Jab Ref program such as Cross Ref, DOAJ, Inspire, Web of Science, Scopus, and Sport Discus in the last 10 years. In the literature used, one can clearly see importance of understanding that, higher quality level of sportsman movement culture, higher level of mastery of teaching tasks and higher level of movement skills education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chlorine is the most common disinfectant in drinking water distribution practice. World Health Organization recommends 0.2–5.0 mg/l of residual chlorine in drinking water. This paper analyzed influence of physical and water quality parameters on chlorine decay in drinking water distribution. Principal component analysis, directed tree and regression were used to investigate influence of these parameters on chlorine from water treatment plant to water consumption points. Results show that initial chlorine, electrical conductivity and distance explain 62 % of chlorine decay with estimated error of 0.045 mg/l. The decision-tree feature importance scores of initial chlorine and electrical conductivity were 0.47 and 0.23 respectively. The combined feature importance scores of physical parameters of distance (0.09), pipe diameter (0.06), flow velocity (0.03), pressure (0.02) and travel time (0.046) were less than that for initial chlorine concentration (0.47) alone. These results show that conventional chlorination at water treatment plants removes largely fast inorganic reactants leaving traces of slow organic reactants as the dominant secondary contaminants in water distribution system. The key policy recommendation is to use water quality parameters more than physical parameters in order to enable water utility managers maintain residual chlorine within safe public health standards.

Based on numerical prediction products from China Meteorological Administration Beijing model (CMA-BJ), precipitation observation of ground weather stations in Beijing and ECMWF ERA5 dataset, the hourly rainfall samples from April to September during 2019-2021 are divided into short-duration heavy rainfall (SDHR, greater than 20 mm·h-1), ordinary rainfall (between 0.1 and 19.9 mm·h-1) and no rainfall (less than 0.1 mm·h-1). The probability density distribution characteristics of physical parameters are comparatively analyzed, including moisture conditions, thermal and energy conditions, and dynamic conditions for three categories. Monthly predictors are selected from these parameters by comparing their ability to discriminate among SDHR, ordinary rainfall and no rainfall weather. It is found that the distributions and thresholds of physical parameters differ between months to some extent. Among that, moisture conditions, thermal and energy conditions, and dynamic conditions are relatively stronger but with less discrimination degrees among SDHR, ordinary rainfall and no rainfall weather in July and August. The background circulation and the distributions of physical parameters show obvious monthly differences, so the forecast model is established for each different period. After that, forecast model of SDHR for 0-12 h at 1 h intervals in different periods is established by using the ingredients-based method and fuzzy logic algorithms. When probabilistic and composite reflectivity thresholds are 0.6 dBZ and 15 dBZ, threat score (TS) and bias of SDHR are 0.14 and 1.14 in Beijing from April to September during 2019-2021, showing relatively better forecasts. Therefore, the probabilistic and composite reflectivity thresholds corresponding to the optimal TS and bias for 2019-2021 are taken as the forecast probability and eliminating false thresholds of SDHR, and 0-12 h hourly forecast products of SDHR four times a day are tested from April to September of 2022. Results show that TS and bias of SDHR are 0.104 and 1.341, respectively, indicating that the probability prediction products are better than that of CMA-BJ. SDHR products achieve greater improvement, and balance hit rate and false alarm rate well in the piedmont and plain areas with high SDHR frequency. But performances in mountainous areas are not as good as that in plain areas, which may be related to less stations in the mountainous areas of the forecast model. In addition, the result based on case analysis show the predicted area of the products is relatively larger, but high probability area has a good indication for SDHR in Beijing.

In order to improve the shortcomings of the traditional monitoring equipment that is difficult to measure the daily physical parameters of the elderly and improve the accuracy of parameter measurement, this article designs wearable devices through the Internet of Things technology and virtual reality technology. With this device, four daily physical parameters of the elderly, such as exercise heart rate, blood pressure, plantar health, and sleep function, are measured. The feasibility of the measurement method and equipment is verified by experiments. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of the measurement method based on the reflective photoplethysmography signal was high, with the mean and difference values of the subjects’ heart rate basically lying around 0 BPM and in good agreement between the estimated heart rate and the reference value. In the blood pressure measurements, the correlation coefficient between the Prs{P}_{rs} estimate and the reference value was 0.81. The estimation accuracy of the device used in the article was high, with the highest correlation coefficient of 0.96 ± 0.02 for subjects’ heart rate at rest, and its estimation error rate was 0.02 ± 0.01. The Pnth{P}_{{n}th} value for subject B8 exceeded the threshold of 0.5 before subject B21, and subject B8 had more severe symptoms, which was consistent with the actual situation. The wearable device was able to identify the subject’s eye features and provide appropriate videos to help subjects with poor sleep quality to fall asleep. The article provides a method and device that facilitates healthcare professionals to make real-time enquiries and receive user health advice.

Childhood obesity is a major public health burden. The prevalence of weight excess for children and the adolescent population (8 to 16 years) is 34.9%. During childhood, lifestyles are acquired, which are developed in adulthood. In this context, the role of parents is crucial, since they are the model to imitate. We aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the effects of family-based interventions as a tool in the treatment of childhood obesity. We reviewed studies indexed in several databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Original articles published from 1 January 2014 to 30 May 2024 with a controlled trial design were considered, in which family-based interventions were carried out compared to a control group or to data before the intervention. Although 148 records were identified in the search, 6 studies met inclusion criteria. Overall, studies reported beneficial effects of family-based interventions on improving anthropometric parameters: BMI z-score, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Regarding nutritional and physical activity guidelines, general recommendations must consider increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, reducing sugary drinks, controlled screen time, and 30–60 min of physical activity/day. Thus, family-based interventions could be an effective non-pharmacological strategy for modulating childhood obesity, allowing families to modify their lifestyles.