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The collection of Heteroptera of Ernst Heiss at the Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum. Part XI. Pentatomomorpha IV: Families Piesmatidae, Stenocephalidae, Rhopalidae, Alydidae. The private collection of Ernst Heiss, donated to the Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum (TLMF) is now deposited at its Natural History Department in Hall in Tirol, where the collection is digitized. To facilitate future access to the collection for scientific research, these data are consecutively published in several parts. Ten parts are already published or in press. Part XI comprises data of 3712 specimens assigned to 4 families, 31 genera, 93 species and subspecies. The collection contains also 44 partypes of 2 species and 5 paralectotypes of 3 species of family Piesmatidae.

The Heteroptera is a group of animals associated with the vegetation cover. The conducted analysis indicates that groups of heteropterans in the urban environment have a pattern of reaction to the environmental factors, determined using the phytoindication method. In the study, we considered the following hypotheses: 1) phytoindicational assessments of ecological factors may explain the patterns of variation of the groups of heteropterans; 2) among Heteroptera species, comparatively homogenous ecological groups could be distinguished which are characterized by similar character of response to the effect of certain environmental factors; 3) these groups could be used for bioindication of the conditions of environment in urban ecosystems. Stationary collection of heteropterans was performed during three years from May to October of 2017–2019 on six plots in Kharkiv. The article describes factors which affect the structure of groups of Heteroptera within the ecosystem of the large city and assess the bioindication possibilities. The data presented in the article, as well as the conclusions drawn, are to a large extent associated with stenotopic species, most of which could be used as bioindicators of the condition of one or another biocenosis. According to the results of a taxonomical survey in the territory of Kharkiv, 180 species of Heteroptera were found, belonging to 120 genera and 17 families. The highest species diversity was seen for the family Miridae, accounting for 50 species (27.0% of the total number of counted species). Fewer species were identified as the representatives of families Lygaeidae – 46 species (24.9%) and Pentatomidae – 23 (12.4%). Family Rhopalidae was represented by 11 species (5.9%). Nabidae and Tingidae – 10 species each (5.4%). Families Coreidae – 8 (4.3%), Cydnidae and Scutelleridae – 4 species each (2.2%), Anthocoridae – 3 (1.6%). The families Berytidae, Piesmatidae, Pyrrhocoridae and Reduviidae were represented by only 2 species each (1.1%). Families Acanthosomatidae, Alydidae and Aradidae were represented by 1 species each, in total accounting for 1.5%. The reasonably high level of species and ecological diversities of Heteroptera in the territory of the city allows them to be used in bioindication studies. We determined comparatively homogenous ecological groups of heteropterans which have a similar pattern of response to the impact of certain environmental factors. The study demonstrates that phytoindicatory assessments of the ecological factors can explain the patterns of variation in groups of heteropterans, We determined the factors which have effects on the structure of the group of heteropterans within the metropolitan ecosystem. The level of their effect on groups of heteropterans within the city is different. The most influential were light and humidity. Comparison of potential and realized projections of ecological space allows us, to a certain extent, to generate hypotheses about the orientations of transformation of the group heteropterans.

Grimaldi & Engel (2008) described Cretopiesma suukyiae from Burmese amber and attributed it to Piesmatidae (mainly because of its very small size), but was later recognized as belonging to Aradidae. Herein we add some morphological characters to the description of Cretopiesma Grimaldi & Engel, 2008, sens. lat., sens. nov. which we assign to Archearadinae Heiss & Grimaldi, 2002. We revise the diagnosis of Archearadinae and synonymize Microaradus Heiss & Poinar, 2012, nov. syn. with Cretopiesma. We also describe, illustrate and characterize (from the same fossil genus) three new species Cretopiesma engelgrimaldii sp. nov., C. lini sp. nov. and C. inexpectatum sp. nov. A key to all species of Cretopiesma is given. The new discoveries provide new insight for understanding the palaeobiodiversity of the Aradidae during the mid-Cretaceous period.

Professor Pavel Štys (1933–2018) was an eminent specialist in morphology, taxonomy, systematics, biology and behaviour of Heteroptera, and the Commissioner of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. All his career was connected with the Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, where he educated several generations of Czech biologists and teachers. Here we provide his short biography, personal memories of his colleagues, bibliography currently comprising 386 papers, and annotated list of the taxa he described, which includes two families (Stemmocryptidae and Medocostidae), 11 subfamilies, 4 tribes, 54 genus-group and 129 species-group names, all of them in Heteroptera, except one species and one subspecies of Syrphidae (Diptera). Within the list the grammatical gender of the genera Chauliops Scott, 1874 and Neochauliops Štys, 1963 is corrected to masculine in accordance with ICZN (1999: Article 30.1.4.3) affecting the gender agreement in the following species: Chauliops conicus Gao & Bu, 2009, Ch. lobatulus Breddin, 1907, Ch. petiolatus (Germar, 1837), Ch. quaternarius Gao & Bu, 2009, and Neochauliops laciniatus (Bergroth, 1916).

Phoretic dispersal of arachnids (e.g., Araneae, Pseudoscorpions, mites) clinging to insects (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera etc.) are reported from extant species and fossil inclusions preserved in amber. A Baltic amber piece contains a piesmatid (Heteroptera, Piesmatidae) carrying a juvenile spider (Araneae, cf. Clubionidae) on its back. This is the first report of such an association between a bug and a spider and it is questioned herein, what might be the reason for the documented assemblage.

Piesmatidae Amyot and Serville, are relatively small phytophagous hemipterans (less than 5 mm) with a wide world distribution. We record for the first time the family for Colombia, with the species Parapiesma cinereum (Say). The specimens were collected in Sincelejo - Sucre (Caribbean coast) on plants of the family Amaranthaceae. RESUMEN Piesmatidae Amyot y Serville, es un grupo de hemípteros fitófagos relativamente pequeños (menos de 5 mm) con una amplia distribución en el mundo. Se registra para Colombia por primera vez la presencia de la familia Piesmatidae con la especie Parapiesma cinereum (Say). Los especímenes fueron recolectados en Sincelejo - Sucre (Caribe colombiano) en plantas de la familia Amaranthaceae.

In this faunistic paper, the fauna of Heteroptera was studied in some regions of Iran. Totally, 18 species within eight families were collected and identified: Berytidae (two species, two genera), Coreidae (two species, two genera), Hebridae (one species), Miridae (three species, three genera), Piesmatidae (one species), Reduviidae (four species, three genera), Rhyparochromidae (two species, two genera), and Tingidae (three species, three genera). Three species, Galeatus affinis (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835) (Tingidae), Hebrus (Hebrus) liliimacula Horváth, 1929 (Hebridae) and Parapiesma salsolae (Becker, 1867) (Piesmatidae) are new records for the fauna of Iran., У роботі представлені результати вивчення фауни Heteroptera в різних провінціях Ірану протягом 2010-2016 років. Загалом в ході фауністичних досліджень було зібрано та ідентифіковано 18 видів, що належать до восьми родин: Berytidae (2 види, 2 роди), Coreidae (2 види, 2 роди), Hebridae (1 вид), Miridae (3 види, 3 роди), Piesmatidae (1 вид) , Reduviidae (4 види, 3 роди), Rhyparochromidae (2 види, 2 роди) та Tingidae (3 види, 3 роди). Незважаючи на той факт, що фауна Heteroptera Ірану досліджена порівняно добре, з поміж ідентифікованих нами видів три – Galeatus affinis (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835) (Tingidae), Hebrus (Hebrus) liliimacula Horváth, 1929 (Hebridae) і Parapiesma salsolae (Becker, 1867) (Piesmatidae) – є новими для фауни Ірану. Більша частина зібраного матеріалу зберігається у колекціях Г. Сакенін і Н. Самін, а також у колекції Р.Е. Ліннавуорі (Турку, Фінляндія).

Miespa reedi (Drake, 1939) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Piesmatidae: Heissianini), previously known only from Chile, is recorded here as a new country record from Argentina. It is the second representative of the family Piesmatidae in the Argentinian fauna. The bibliography of Miespa reedi is summarized and the available data on the habitat, phenology, as well as photographs of male and female adults and fifth instar larva of the species are provided.

Family Piesmatidae Piesma linnavuorii Štys, 1969c: 103. Holotype: ♂, Chad: ‘ Bas-Chari, Farcha (Fort Lamy env.)’ (RLRF). Current status: Valid taxon., Published as part of Kment, Petr, Baňař, Petr, Bílý, Svatopluk, Pluot-Sigwalt, Dominique, Polhemus, Dan A. & Schuh, Randall T., 2019, In memoriam of Professor Pavel Štys (1933 - 2018): biography, memories, bibliography and list of described taxa, pp. 351-379 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 59 (2) on page 377, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2019-0028, http://zenodo.org/record/4489136

All members of this small family (a world total of 37 species in 3 genera) obtain their nourishment from plant fluids. When feeding they may cause the leaves to curl and whiten; and, as summarized by Drake and Davis (1958, An. Ent. Soc. Am., 51: 574-575), when adults of certain members of the nearly worldwide genus Piesma Lepeletier and Serville imbibe virus-contaminated sap of sugar beets they can, even after hibernating, serve as a vector of that virus when feeding on other sugar beet plants. In North America Piesma cinereum (Say) is a vector of the virus causing Sugar Beet Savoy, which stunts and distorts the plants and reduces sugar yield. In Europe another species of Piesma is a vector of another virus disease of sugar beets. Our common American species probably has two or more generations each year. Egg laying occurs throughout much of the spring and summer with nymphs of the last generation maturing into adults which hibernate after crawling into protective shelter. Most North American members of this family feed on plants of the families Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae.

Piesma costatum (Uhler) is a rarely collected piesmatid whose adults have been known only from the brachypterous morph; its host plants also have remained unknown. During fieldwork in the Nebraska Sandhills (2016–2018), nymphs and adults were found near Valentine in Cherry County on desert goosefoot (Chenopodium pratericola Rydb.; Chenopodiaceae). Males outnumbered females (26♂: 17♀) in late June 2017, with nearly equal numbers (23♂: 24♀) observed in mid-September. The presence of fifth instars in June and September indicate that the piesmatid is bivoltine. The first macropters (1 male, 1 female) were discovered, but they represented less than 2% of adults (n 5 115). Brachypterous adults are flightless, with their hind wings rudimentary and auricular. The bug's low vagility and patchy distribution of its host plant help explain the rareness of P. costatum in collections. Nebraska's vast Sandhills are considered a stable habitat that might favor the evolution of flightlessness, which might minimize the loss of dispersing adults and be energetically advantageous in the nearly constant winds of the Sandhills.

Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin, Bai, Ming (2017): A catalogue of Burmite inclusions. Zoological Systematics 42 (3): 249-379, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715

3.240 Genus Cretopiesma Grimaldi & Engle, 2008 Cretopiesma Grimaldi & Engle, 2008: 3. Type species: Cretopiesma suukyiae Grimaldi & Engle, 2008., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on page 304, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

307) Cretopiesma suukyiae Grimaldi & Engle, 2008 Cretopiesma suukyiae Grimaldi & Engle, 2008: 3. Type specimen(s). H (♀): AMNH Bu-958 (AMNH)., Published as part of Guo, Mingxia, Xing, Lida, Wang, Bo, Zhang, Weiwei, Wang, Shuo, Shi, Aimin & Bai, Ming, 2017, A catalogue of Burmite inclusions, pp. 249-379 in Zoological Systematics 42 (3) on pages 304-305, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201715, http://zenodo.org/record/5360313

Tongorma latreillii (Guérin-Méneville) Published record: Schumacher (1913)., Published as part of Krüger, Andreas & Deckert, Jürgen, 2016, True bugs (Hemiptera-Heteroptera) of Botswana — Bibliographical inventory and new records, pp. 33-63 in Zootaxa 4114 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/256012, {"references":["Schumacher, F. (1913) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Rhynchoten-Fauna Sudafrikas, insbesondere von Deutsch-Sudwestafrika, Klein-Namaland und den Kalaharigebiet, auf Grund der Expeditionsergebnisse von Herrn Professor L. Schultze und dem Material des Konigl. Zoologischen Museums zu Berlin. In: Schultze, L. (Ed.), Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1903 - 1905 mit Unterstutzung der Kgl. Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Funfter Band. Systematik, Tiergeographie und Anthropologie. Denkschriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Jena, 17 (2), pp. 47 - 88."]}

Afrovertanus elongatus Scudder Unpublished record: [12], 17.xii. 2014, on light, 1 ♂, coll. AK., Published as part of Krüger, Andreas & Deckert, Jürgen, 2016, True bugs (Hemiptera-Heteroptera) of Botswana — Bibliographical inventory and new records, pp. 33-63 in Zootaxa 4114 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/256012

Piesma dilutum Stål Unpublished records: [15], 24.x. 2006, 1 specimen; [9], 19.– 20. ii. 1998, 12 specimens (68 in ethanol); [4], 22.– 24. ii. 1998, 1 specimen, all leg. Göllner, all coll. ZMHB., Published as part of Krüger, Andreas & Deckert, Jürgen, 2016, True bugs (Hemiptera-Heteroptera) of Botswana — Bibliographical inventory and new records, pp. 33-63 in Zootaxa 4114 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/256012

Parapiesma josifovi (Péricart, 1977) Piesma (Parapiesma) josifovi Péricart, 1977: 33. Holotype: 1 ♂, Ryongak-san (Mt), 12 km W of Pyongyang, North Korea (on label: Pjôngjang, 12km westl, Rjongaksan, North Korea), 10.vii. 1974, M. Josifov. Paratypes: 6 ♂, same data as holotype; 1 ♀ (“allotype”), Ryongak-san (Mt), 12 km W of Pyongyang, North Korea (on label: Pjôngjang, 12km westl, Rjongaksan, North Korea), 10.vii. 1974, M. Josifov., Published as part of Jung, Sunghoon, Kim, Junggon, Oh, Sumin & Heiss, Ernst, 2015, Type specimens of Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) collected from North Korea and adjacent regions deposited at Insect Collections of Chungnam National University (CNU) in Daejeon, Republic of Korea, pp. 397-404 in Zootaxa 3981 (3) on page 403, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3981.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243745, {"references":["Pericart, J. (1977) Un Hemiptere Piesmatidae nouveau de Coree et un Hemiptere Berytinidae nouveau d'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 82, 33 - 38."]}

Jung, Sunghoon, Kim, Junggon, Oh, Sumin, Heiss, Ernst (2015): Type specimens of Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) collected from North Korea and adjacent regions deposited at Insect Collections of Chungnam National University (CNU) in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Zootaxa 3981 (3): 397-404, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3981.3.5

Piesma capitatum (WOLFF, 1804) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Khorasan province, Gonabad, 2, October 2009. General distribution: Palearctic Region., Published as part of Samin, Najmeh & E, Rauno, 2015, A faunistic study on Heteroptera (Insecta) from some regions of Eastern Iran, pp. 1811-1817 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 47 (2) on page 1814, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5285824

Piesma maculatum (LAPORTE DE CASTELNAU, 1833) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Khorasan province, Ferdos, 1, summer 2012. Kerman province, Kerman, 1, April 2013. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: PalearcticRegion., Published as part of Samin, Najmeh & E, Rauno, 2015, A faunistic study on Heteroptera (Insecta) from some regions of Eastern Iran, pp. 1811-1817 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 47 (2) on page 1814, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5285824

Samin, Najmeh, E, Rauno (2015): A faunistic study on Heteroptera (Insecta) from some regions of Eastern Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 47 (2): 1811-1817, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5285824, {"references":["AUKEMA B., RABITSCH W. & Ch. RIEGER (2013): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. VI. Supplement. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, xxiii + 629 pp.","GHAHARI H., CARPINTERO D.L. & H. OSTOVAN (2009a): An annotated catalogue of the Iranian Anthocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha). - Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 49: 43-58.","GHAHARI H., CHEROT F., LINNAVUORI R.E. & H. OSTOVAN (2009b): Annotated catalogue of Iranian burrower bugs (Heteroptera, Pentatomoidea, Cydnidae). - ZooKeys 26: 1-31.","GHAHARI H., CARPINTERO D.L., MOULET P., LINNAVUORI R.E. & H. OSTOVAN (2010a): Annotated catalogue of the Iranian broad-headed bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Alydidae). - Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 50: 425-436.","GHAHARI H., LINNAVUORI R.E., MOULET P. & H. OSTOVAN (2010b): An annotated catalogue of the Iranian Nabidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). - Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 50: 33-44.","GHAHARI H., MONTEMAYOR S.I., MOULET P. & R.E. LINNAVUORI (2012): An annotated catalogue of the Iranian Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). - Zootaxa 3207: 22-39.","GHAHARI H. & P. MOULET (2012): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Lygaeoidea (excluding Berytidae and Piesmatidae) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha). - Zootaxa 3408: 1-33.","GHAHARI H. & E. HEISS (2012): Annotated catalog of Iranian Aradidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Aradoidea). - Zootaxa 3571: 81-86.","GHAHARI H. & P. MOULET (2013): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Pyrrhocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Pyrrhocoroidea). - Zootaxa 3609 (3): 335- 342.","GHAHARI H., MOULET P., OSTOVAN H. & R.E. LINNAVUORI (2013a): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Dipsocoromorpha, Enicocephalomorpha, Gerromorpha, Leptopodomorpha and Nepomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). - Zootaxa 3641 (4): 301-342.","GHAHARI H., MOULET P., CAI W. & J. KARIMI (2013b): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Reduvioidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha). - Zootaxa 3718 (3): 201-238.","GHAHARI H. & F. CHEROT (2014): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha). - Zootaxa 3845 (1): 1-101.","GHAHARI H., MOULET P. & D.A. RIDER (2014): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha). - Zootaxa 3837(1): 1-95.","KERZHNER I.M. (2001): Largidae, pp. xxx-xxx. In: AUKEMA B. & Ch. RIEGER (eds), Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region, vol. 4: Pentatomomorpha I. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, xiv + 346 pp.","PUTSHKOV P.V. & V.G. PUTSHKOV (1996): Family Reduviidae LATREILLE, 1807, assassin bugs. - In: AUKEMA B. & Ch.RIEGER (eds), Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic region, volume 2. Cimicomorpha I. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 148-265.","SCHUH R.T. (1986): The influence of cladistics on heteropteran classification. - Annual Review of Entomology 31: 67-94.","STEHLIK J.L. (2007): Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae (Heteroptera) of Meghalaya state, India. - Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae 92: 115-119.","STEHLIK J.L. & I.M. KERZHNER (1999): On taxonomy and distribution of some Palaearctic and Oriental Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae (Heteroptera). - Zoosystematica Rossica 8: 121- 128.","WEIRAUCH C. & R.T. SCHUH (2011): Systematic and Evolution of Heteroptera: 25 years of progress. - Annual review of Entomology 56: 487-510."]}

Three recent papers dealing with phylogenetic relationships within the Heteroptera are discussed and analysed. A character set representing 43 taxa and 78 characters is used to test theories presented in those papers. The conclusions of Grimaldi and Engel concerning the placement of the Cretaceous fossil taxon Cretopiesma in the Piesmatidae are rejected in favour of placement in the Aradidae. The placement by Nel et al. of Protodoris from Eocene amber of the Paris Basin in the Thaumastocoridae is considered ambiguous because it has none of the diagnostic characters of that family group and is therefore regarded as incertae sedis. The arguments of Sweet concerning the elevation of the Aradoidea to infraordinal status on the basis of autapomorphies are also treated as invalid. General arguments against the use of phenetic methods in palaeontology, and ad hoc approaches under the guise of cladistics, are offered, with the conclusion that rigorous cladistic analyses are a prerequisite to testable conclusions concerning the placement of fossil and Recent taxa. © The Willi Hennig Society 2009.

A catalog of aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera from Iran is provided based on literature reports and field collections. Representatives of 107 species and morphospecies of the infraorders Dipsocoromorpha, Enicocephalomorpha, Gerromorpha, Leptopodomorpha, and Nepomorpha are listed, and are distributed in 18 families including Aphelocheiridae (1 genus, 1 species), Belostomatidae (1 genus, 1 species), Corixidae (8 genera, 29 species), Dipsocoridae (1 genus, 2 species), Enicocephalidae (2 genera, 2 species), Gerridae (6 genera, 18 species), Hebridae (1 genus, 5 species), Helotrephidae (1 genus, 1 species), Hydrometridae (1 genus, 2 species), Leptopodidae (4 genera, 7 species), Mesoveliidae (1 genus, 2 species), Naucoridae (1 genus, 1 species), Nepidae (3 genera, 5 species), Notonectidae (2 genera, 8 species), Ochteridae (1 genus, 1 species), Pleidae (1 genus, 1 species), Saldidae (5 genera, 14 species), and Veliidae (2 genera, 7 species). Synonyms and geographical distribution of all the species are given, together with an identification key of families. According to the actual catalogs and studies eight species are doubtful for Iranian fauna.

The stridulatory apparatus in 8 species of Piesma Le Peletier & Serville was examined. The apparatus is a modification of the hind wing's cubitus, and it differs among species of Piesma with respect to the number, shape and size of the stridulatory ridges. Differences in the properties of the stridulatory ridges between subgenera generally support the current placement of P. maculatum (Laporte de Castelnau) and P. capitatum (Wolff) in the subgenus Piesma s. str., and the placement of the other Palaearctic species of the genus in Parapiesma Pericart.

Thirty-four family group taxa and 57 characters are used to analyze cladistically the heteropteran infraorder Pentatomomorpha. Recognized are the 6 superfamilies Aradoidea, Coreoidea, Idiostoloidea, Lygaeoidea, Pentatomoidea, and Pyrrhocoroidea. New superfamily associations include the transfer of the Henicocorinae to Idiostoloidea, Piesmatoidea to Lygaeoidea, and the lygaeid subfamily Psamminae to Piesmatidae. The family Lygaeidae (sensu lato) is shown to be paraphyletic and is separated into 11 monophyletic family groups (Artheneidae, Blissidae, Cryptorhamphidae, Cymidae (sensu stricto), Geocoridae, Heterogastridae, Lygaeidae (sensu stricto), Ninidae, Oxycarenidae, Pachygronthidae, and Rhyparochromidae). Relationships are discussed, a revised classification is proposed, and keys to 6 superfamilies and 15 families included in Lygaeoidea are provided.

Yildirim, E., Yazici, G., Moulet, P. (2013): Contribution to the knowledge of the Gerridae, Coreoidea, Piesmatidae, Saldidae, Corixoidea, Nepoidea and Notonectidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) fauna of Turkey. Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (1): 995-1010, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300227, {"references":["ANDERSEN N.M. (1982): The Semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha): Phylogeny, Adaptations, Biogeography and Classification. - Entomonograph 13: 445 pp.","AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (1995): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 1: Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha and Leptopodomorpha. - The Nethertlands Entomological Society ed., Wageningen.","AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (2006): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 5: Pentatomomorpha (2). - The Nethertlands Entomological Society ed., Wageningen.","HEISS E. & J. PERICART (2007): Hemipteres Aradidae, Piesmatidae et Dipsocoromorphes euro mediterraneens. - In: Faune de France, t. 91. - Federation des Societes de sciences naturelles ed., Paris.","JANSSON A. (1986): The Corixidae (Heteroptera) of Europe and some adjacent regions. - Acta Entomol. Fenn. 47: 1-94.","LETHIERRY L. & G. SEVERIN (1894): Catalogue General des Hemipteres. Vol. II. Heteropteres. - Bruxelles.","MITCHELL P.L. (2000): Leaf-footed bugs (Coreidae). pp. 337-403. - In: SCHAEFER C.W. & A.C. PANIZZI (eds), Heteroptera of Economic Importance. CRC Press, Boca Raton.","MOULET P. (1995): Heteropteres Coreoidea euro-mediterraneens. - In: Faune de France, t. 81. Federation des Societes de sciences naturelles ed., Paris.","PERICART J. (1990): Hemipteres Saldidae et Leptodopidae d'Europe occidentale et du Maghreb. - In: Faune de France, t. 77. - Federation des Societes de sciences naturelles ed., Paris.","PUTON A. (1875): Catalogue des Hemipteres (Heteropteres, Cicadines et Psyllides) d'Europe et du bassin de la Mediterranee. - 2nd edit, Paris.","SCHAEFER C.W. (1965): The morphology and higher classification of the Coreoidea (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Part II. The families Rhopalidae, alydidae and Coreidae. - Misc. Publ. Entomol. Soc. of Amer. 5: 1-76.","SCHUH R.T. & J.A. SLATER (1995): True bugs of the world (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), classification and natural history. - Cornell University Press, London.","STICHEL W. (1957-1959): Illustrierte Bestimmungstabellen des Wanzen. II. Europa. - Stichel ed., Berlin, [1957: 1-96; 1959, 225-384].","YANG H., LI H., DAI X., CHANG J. & W.Z. CAI (2012): New cytogenetics data on Coreoidea (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) with special reference to Coreidae. - Zootaxa 3313: 53-61.","YILDIRIM E. & H. OZBEK (1990): Oltu (Erzurum) yoresinde sekerpancari zararlisi Piesma maculatum LAPORTE (Heteroptera, Piesmidae)'un biyolojisi ve zarari uzerinde bazi calismalar. - Turk. Entomol. Derg. 14 (2): 97-108.","YILDIRIM E., YAZICI G. & R. LINNAVUORI (2011): Contribution to the knowledge of Alydidae, Coreidae, Rhopalidae and Stenocephalidae (Coreoidea: Heteroptera: Hemiptera) fauna of Turkey. - Linzer biol. Beitr. 43 (2): 1625-1639."]}

Parapiesma silenes (Horv��th, 1888) Zosmenus silenes Horv��th, 1888: 176; Piesma tesquorum Kiritshenko, 1954: 301. Distribution in Iran. Kordestan (Sakenin et al. 2010; Samin et al. 2011). General distribution. Central and Mediterranean Europe, and central Asia. Parapiesma tenellum (Horv��th, 1906 ) Piesma tenbellum Horv��th, 1906: 8. Material examined. Ilam province: Saleh-Abad (631 m), 2 ♂, 6-14 October 2007. New record for Iran. General distribution. Iraq, Turkmenistan, and Saudi Arabia., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814, {"references":["Sakenin, H., Samin, N., Rastegar, J., Havaskary, M., Imani, S. & Linnavuori, R. E. (2010) A faunistic survey on Heteroptera (Insecta) of western Iran. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 42 / 2, 861 - 872.","Samin, N., Sakenin, H., Linnavuori, R., Havaskary, M. & Mohebbi, H. R. (2011) A faunistic survey of Heteroptera (Insecta) from western Iran. Calodema, 146, 1 - 12."]}

Parapiesma kochiae (Becker, 1867) Zosmenus kochiae Becker, 1867: 113; Zosmenus fieberi Jakovlev, 1873: 27; Zosmenus porcatum Horv��th, 1874: 332. Material examined. East Azarbaijan province: Marand (1317 m), 1 ��, spring 2008. New record for Iran. General distribution. Euro-Asian, distributed from Austria, Romania, and Greece eastward to Central Asia., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814

Parapiesma kolenatii (Fieber, 1861) Tingis (Zosmenus) laportei Kolenati, 1857: 423 (non Fieber, 1844); Zosmenus kolenatii Fieber, 1861: 116. Distribution in Iran. Kermanshah (Sakenin et al. 2010; Samin et al. 2011). General distribution. Azerbaijan, Asian Turkey., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814, {"references":["Sakenin, H., Samin, N., Rastegar, J., Havaskary, M., Imani, S. & Linnavuori, R. E. (2010) A faunistic survey on Heteroptera (Insecta) of western Iran. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 42 / 2, 861 - 872.","Samin, N., Sakenin, H., Linnavuori, R., Havaskary, M. & Mohebbi, H. R. (2011) A faunistic survey of Heteroptera (Insecta) from western Iran. Calodema, 146, 1 - 12."]}

Parapiesma quadratum (Fieber, 1844) Acanthia clavicornis Fabricius, 1775: 694 (non Linnaeus, 1758); Zosmenus quadratus Fieber, 1844: 31; Zosmenus dilatatus Jakovlev, 1873: 28; Zosmenus convexicollis Jakovlev, 1873: 29; Piesma quadratum var. rotundicollis Rey, 1888: 189; Piesma quadratum var. nigroscutellata P��neau, 1921: 57; Piesma quadratum f. ruda Jordan, 1953: 8; Piesma chinianum Drake & Maa, 1953: 87; Piesma rotundicollis Wagner, 1953: 68. Distribution in Iran. Kordestan (Sakenin et al. 2010; Samin et al. 2011). General distribution. Euro-Siberian; known in North Korea, China, and Mongolia., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814, {"references":["Sakenin, H., Samin, N., Rastegar, J., Havaskary, M., Imani, S. & Linnavuori, R. E. (2010) A faunistic survey on Heteroptera (Insecta) of western Iran. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 42 / 2, 861 - 872.","Samin, N., Sakenin, H., Linnavuori, R., Havaskary, M. & Mohebbi, H. R. (2011) A faunistic survey of Heteroptera (Insecta) from western Iran. Calodema, 146, 1 - 12."]}

Parapiesma rotundatum (Horv��th, 1906) Zosmenus atriplicis St��l, 1874: 44 (non Fey Gessner, 1863); Piesma rotundatum Horv��th, 1906: 9; Piesma rotundatum var. pygmaea Horv��th, 1906: 9; Piesma minimum Wagner, 1954: 7; Piesma kolenatii rotundatum Heiss & P��ricart, 1975: 533; Parapiesma rotundatum Heiss & P��ricart, 1997: 119. Distribution in Iran. Khuzestan (Linnavuori 2011). General distribution. Italy, Macedonia, North Africa, Near East, Central Asia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia. Comment. On Alhagi sp. (Fabaceae), Juncus sp. (Juncaceae), Tamarix sp. (Tamaricaceae) (Linnavuori 2011). Schaefer (1981) commented on the host specificity of the species of Piesmatidae. Most of the Piesma genus group (Piesma, Afropiesma, and Parapiesma) feed on a few genera of Chenopodiaceae, and a few feed on Caryophyllaceae, and one species (Parapiesma linnavouri ��tys, 1969) feeds on Acacia (Fabaceae) (Elias & Cassis 2012). Heiss & P��ricart (1983) gave detailed records of the available host plant information for the Palearctic Piesmatidae, which agreed with Schaefer���s considerations., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814, {"references":["Heiss, E. & Pericart, J. (1997) Revised taxonomic status of some old world Piesmatidae (Heteroptera). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 49, 119 - 120.","Schaefer, C. W. (1981) Improved cladistic analysis of Piesmatidae and consideration of known host plants. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 74, 536 - 539.","Elias, M. A. & Cassis, G. (2012) Systematic revision, phylogeny and host plant associations of the Australian endemic genus Mcateella Drake (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Piesmatidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 26, 83 - 114.","Heiss, E. & Pericart, J. (1983) Revision of Palaearctic Piesmatidae (Heteroptera). Mitteilugen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 73, 61 - 171."]}

Piesma maculatum (Laporte de Castelnau, 1833) Tingis capitatum Fall��n, 1807: 40 (non Wolff, 1804); Zosmenus maculatus Laporte, 1833: 49; Zosmenus laportei Fieber, 1844: 33; Zosmenus viridis Jakovlev, 1871: 7. Distribution in Iran. Ilam (Samin et al. 2011), West Azarbaijan (Sakenin et al. 2010). General distribution. Palearctic., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on page 43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814, {"references":["Samin, N., Sakenin, H., Linnavuori, R., Havaskary, M. & Mohebbi, H. R. (2011) A faunistic survey of Heteroptera (Insecta) from western Iran. Calodema, 146, 1 - 12.","Sakenin, H., Samin, N., Rastegar, J., Havaskary, M., Imani, S. & Linnavuori, R. E. (2010) A faunistic survey on Heteroptera (Insecta) of western Iran. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 42 / 2, 861 - 872."]}

Parapiesma salsolae (Becker, 1867) Zosmenus salsolae Becker, 1867: 113; Zosmenus kolenatii Jakovlev, 1873: 24 (non Fieber, 1861); Piesma variabile Hsiao & Jing, 1979: 457 non Fieber, 1844. Distribution in Iran. Guilan, Zanjan (Linnavuori 2007), Kermanshah (Sakenin et al. 2010; Samin et al. 2011). General distribution. Euro-Siberian; known in Mongolia and China (Heiss & P��ricart 2007)., Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Moulet, Pierre, 2012, An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea), pp. 35-45 in Zootaxa 3547 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282814, {"references":["Linnavuori, R. E. (2007) Studies on the Piesmatidae, Berytidae, Pyrrhocoridae, Stenocephalidae, Coreidae, Rhopalidae, Alydidae, Cydnidae and Plastapidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 47, 77 - 91.","Sakenin, H., Samin, N., Rastegar, J., Havaskary, M., Imani, S. & Linnavuori, R. E. (2010) A faunistic survey on Heteroptera (Insecta) of western Iran. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 42 / 2, 861 - 872.","Samin, N., Sakenin, H., Linnavuori, R., Havaskary, M. & Mohebbi, H. R. (2011) A faunistic survey of Heteroptera (Insecta) from western Iran. Calodema, 146, 1 - 12.","Heiss, E. & Pericart, J. (2007) Hemipteres Aradidae, Piesmatidae et Dipsocoromorphes euro-mediterraneens. Faune de France, 91. Paris, 509 pp."]}

This paper begins a series of synoptic taxonomic treatments on the Miridae known from Minas Gerais, Brazil, by subfamily, beginning with the Bryocorinae. We provide diagnoses, host-plant information, distribution data, and illustrated keys to four tribes, 24 genera, and 56 species. For most species, illustrations of the adults, selected morphological characters, and male genitalia are provided to facilitate identification.

Parapiesma rotundatum (Horváth, 1906) Material examined. KHUZESTAN: near Ahvaz, Karun river, 1 specimen, 10.–11.vi.2006. FARS: Mokshah near Ghotb Abad, 1 specimen, 17.vi.2003. Comments. In shores of rivers with Tamarix, Juncus and Alhagi. South-Mediterranean, known from Spain, Italy, Macedonia, the Middle East, North Africa, Yemen, and West Pakistan. New for Iran., Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2011, Studies on the Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Khuzestan and the adjacent provinces of Iran, pp. 21-48 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5327510

Sakenin, H., Samin, N., Rastegari, J., Havaskary, M., Imani, S., R.E (2010): A faunistic survey on Heteroptera (Insecta) of Western Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 43 (1): 861-872, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5325621, {"references":["AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (1995): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Volume 1. Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Gerromorpha and Leptopodomorpha. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Ponsen & Looijen, Amsterdam, xxvi + 222 pp.","AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (1996): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Volume 2. Cimicomorpha I. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Ponsen & Looijen, Amsterdam, xiv + 361 pp.","AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (1999): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Volume 3. Cimicomorpha II. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Ponsen & Looijen, Amsterdam, 577 pp.","AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (2001): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Volume 4. Pentatomomorpha I. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Ponsen & Looijen, Amsterdam, 346 pp.","AUKEMA B. & C. RIEGER (2006): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Volume 5. Pentatomomorpha II. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Ponsen & Looijen, Amsterdam, 550 pp.","DOLLING W.R. (1991): The Hemiptera, keys to British Heteroptera. - Natural History Museum Publications, Oxford University Press, 274 pp.","HOUSTON W.W.K. & G.V. MAYNARD (1995): Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 27.3 - A. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. 506 pp.","HOUSTON W.W.K. & A. WELLS (2002): Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 27. - B. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. 737 pp.","KELTON L.A. (1980): The Plant Bugs of the Prairie Provinces of Canada Heteroptera: Miridae. - Biosystematics Research Institute Ottawa, Ontario Research Branch.Agriculture Canada, 416 pp.","LODOS N. & F. ONDER (1986): Heteroptera Turkiye ve Palearktik Bolge familyarlar hakkinda Genel Bilgi. - Ege Universitesi Ziraat Facultesi, 111 pp.","MEYER J.R. (2005): Hemiptera Suborder Heteroptera. Department of Entomology NC State University. - Last Updated March 8, 2005. Available in: http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/compendium/hetero~1.html#class.","SCHUH R.T. (1995): Plant Bugs of the World (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae). Systematic, Catalog, Distributions, Host List, and Bibliography. - New York Entomological Society, 1329 pp.","TRIPLEHORN C.A. & N.F. JOHNSON (2005): Borror and DeLong's introduction to the study of insects (7th Edition). - Peter Marshall Publication, 864 pp."]}

Cretopiesma, new genus DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from all other genera of piesmatids, Recent and extinct, by the following features: clypeus long, protruding, with a prominent median carina that extends to middle of frons; lack of ‘‘jugal’’ appendices/lobes; rostrum about as long as head, inserted far from clypeal apex, enclosed by bucculae at base; pronotum with pair of paramedian carinae, posterior margin slightly concave; mesoscutellum very large (length 0.21X the body length); coxae of each pair widely separated; corium venation distinctive, where veins Sc, R+M, and Cu are not fused in a vein that runs parallel and proximal to the margin of the membrane and corium, instead with two transverse veins; membrane without ‘‘sutural area’’. TYPE SPECIES: Cretopiesma suukyiae, new species. ETYMOLOGY: From Piesma, the type genus of the family; and from the Latin creta, meaning ‘‘white earth’’ or ‘‘chalk’’, which refers to deep, chalky deposits in England that originally defined the Cretaceous Period (145–65 mya).

Linnavuori, Rauno E. (2007): Studies on the Piesmatidae, Berytidae, Pyrrhocoridae, Stenocephalidae, Coreidae, Rhopalidae, Alydidae, Cydnidae, and Plataspidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47: 77-91, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328527, URL: http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/47/Linnavuori3.pdf, {"references":["ALIPANAH H. & USTJUZHANIN P.2005:An annotated list of the Pterophorinae (Oidaemaphorini and Pterophorini) of Iran (Lepidoptera: Pterophorinae). Entomologica Fennica 16: 129-143.","AUKEMA B. & RIEGER Ch. (eds.) 2001: Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol.4. Pentatomomorpha I. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, xiv + 346 pp.","AUKEMA B. & RIEGER Ch. (eds.) 2006: Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 4. Pentatomomorpha II. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, xiii + 550 pp.","HEISS E. 2002:Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Wanzenfauna (Heteroptera) Irans, I. Pp.87-97. In: GUTLEB B. & WIESER Ch. (eds.): Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Exkursion in Nordiran, 2001. Arthropoda (Lepidoptera, Trichoptera, Neuroptera, Heteroptera, Coleoptera, Opiliones,Araneae, Decapoda) und Vertebrata (Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia). Carinthia II 192/112: 33-140.","HOBERLANDT L. 1954: Hemiptera-Heteroptera from Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 29: 121-148.","HOBERLANDT L. 1959: Hemiptera-Heteroptera II. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 33: 497-523.","HOBERLANDT L. 1974:Results of the Czechoslovak-Iranian entomological expedition to Iran 1970. Introduction. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, Supplementum 6: 9-20 + 2 maps + 10 pls.","HOBERLANDT L. 1981: Results of the Czechoslovak-Iranian entomological expeditions to Iran. Introduction to the second expedition 1973. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 40: 5-32 + 14 pls.","HOBERLANDT L. 1983: Results of the Czechoslovak-Iranian Entomological expeditions to Iran. Introduction to the third expedition 1977. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 41: 5-24 + 16 pls.","HOBERLANDT L. 1989: Results of the Czechoslovak-Iranian entomological expeditions to Iran 1970, 1973 and 1977. Heteroptera, Coreidae. Sbornik Narodniho Muzea v Praze, B 45: 73-89.","LINNAVUORI R. E. 2004a: Heteroptera of the Hormozgan province in Iran II. Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, Leptopodomorpha, Cimicomorpha (Nabidae, Anthocoridae, Miridae). Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica 48: 85-98.","LINNAVUORI R. E. 2004b: Heteroptera of the Hormozgan province in Iran III. Cimicomorpha (Anthocoridae, Cantacaderidae, Tingidae), Pentatomorpha [sic!]. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica 48: 173-186.","LINNAVUORI R. E. 2006: Studies on the Miridae (Insecta: Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. I. Description of new species. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica 49 (2005): 219-243.","LINNAVUORI R. E. 2007a: Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47: 17-56.","LINNAVUORI R. E. 2007b: Studies on the Lygaeidae s. lat. (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47: 57-75.","LINNAVUORI R. E. & HOSSEINI R. 2000: Heteroptera of Guilan with remarks on species of the adjacent areas. Part 1. Guilan University Press, Rasht, 94 pp.","LIS J. A 1998: Amnestus raunoi n. sp. from Iran, the first Old World representative of the New World subfamily Amnestinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae). Entomologica Fennica 9: 5-7.","MAGNIEN Ph. 2006: A new species from the Near East for the genus Ochetostethus Fieber 1860 (Heteroptera, Cydnidae). Pp. 513-516. In: RABITSCH W. (ed.): Hug the bug - For love of true bugs. Festschrift zum 70. Geburtstag von Ernst Heiss. Denisia 19: 1-1184."]}

Parapiesma salsolae (Becker, 1867) Material examined. GILAN: Jafrud, several specimens, 31.vii.2002; near Ziba Kenar, 24.viii.1998. ZANJAN: Gilankesh, 15 km NW of Gilvan, 1 specimen, 26.-27.vi.2004. Comments. On Chenopodiaceae (Salsola, Coriospermum) in littoral dunes and on saline soils at the seashore and banks of rivers. Euro-Siberian. New for Iran., Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Piesmatidae, Berytidae, Pyrrhocoridae, Stenocephalidae, Coreidae, Rhopalidae, Alydidae, Cydnidae, and Plataspidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 77-91 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 79, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328527

A list of type specimens of Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) collected from North Korea (mostly by the late Dr. Michail Josifov, Sofia, Bulgaria) acquired earlier by E. Heiss, now donated to and deposited in the insect collections of Chungnam National University (CNU), Deajeon, Korea, is presented. A total of 31 holotypes and 694 paratypes of 41 species and 1 subspecies in 6 families and 9 subfamilies are presented: Miridae (Deraeocorinae, Mirinae, Orthotylinae, Phylinae), Tingidae (Tinginae), Piesmatidae (Piesmatinae), Berytidae (Metacanthinae), Cymidae (Cyminae), Pentatomidae (Asopinae).

The oldest fossil Piesmatidae, Eopiesma trimerum n. gen., n. sp. is described from the Lowermost Eocene amber of Paris Basin (France). It is considered as the sister group of all other Piesmatidae. This family probable diversified during the Lower Cenozoic.