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This study focuses on aquatic mites from the Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone, including the mainland area, and Madeira and Azores archipelagos, aiming at compiling all existing information and generating a list of species and all their data on collecting sites. For the present work, we consider aquatic species, those that inhabit the marine, deep sea, intertidal, freshwater, transition water or brackish environments, with life-cycle occurring entirely at water habitats or their vicinity. Furthermore, breeding should take place in water aquatic lifestyles. The dataset search for this checklist started with the first descriptions of water acarids from the Azores Archipelago performed by Théodore Barrois. Primary sources for occurrence confirmation were Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa book collection, The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), complemented with an extensive Portuguese literature review and data biodiversity websites, e.g., European Water Mite Research (Watermite.org). In total, 102 valid species were found belonging to 41 genera, and 19 families, nested in the orders Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes and Trombidiformes. This is the first work compiling all the species of aquatic mites found in Portuguese territory, as well as data of collection, serving as the basis for future studies.

Genus Forelia Haller, 1882 Forelia (Forelia) variegator (Koch, 1837) Synonyms: Arrenurus variegator Koch, 1837 (original deisgnation); Acercus koenikei Barrois & Moniez, 1887; Pseudofeltria vanrensburgi Bader, 1994 Type material: Deposited in NHMB: Holotype one male, catalogue number 4458; Paratype: One male, catalogue number 4459 (GBIF 2022; Plazi.org 2022). Type locality: Switzerland: Ticino (GBIF 2022). Geographical distribution: Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). Distribution in Portugal: Centre: Beira Alta (Valdecasas 1988), in Côa River, near 10 km to Vilar Formoso (Lundblad 1956); South: Estremadura (Valdecasas 1988), in Colares, Sintra municipality (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: Occurs in eutrophic, oligotrophic and dystrophic lakes and slow-running streams, from coast to a depth of 50 m (Gerecke et al. 2016); clean waters, covered with Azolla spp.; and present in Juncus spp. and Myriophyllum spp. (Lundblad 1956)., Published as part of Cantallo, Harold, Gomes, Nuno, Antunes, Carlos, Martins, Duarte & Costa, Dimítri De Araújo, 2022, Checklist of water mites from mainland Portugal and its archipelagos, pp. 336-370 in Zootaxa 5213 (4) on page 360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7381432, {"references":["Koch, C. L. (1837) Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden: Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Fauna. Band 10. In: Deutschlands Insekten (continuation of Panzer, Faunae Inscetorum Germaniae Initia [= Panzer, 146]). Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg. [unknown pagination]","Barrois, T. & Moniez, R. (1887) Catalogue des Hydrachnides recueilles dans le nord de la France avec des notes critiques et la description d`especes nouvelles. Le Bigot Freres, Lille, 36 pp. [http: // www. watermite. org / publication / detail. php? id = 156]","GBIF (2022) GBIF - Occurrences. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Available from: https: // www. gbif. org / occurrence / search / (accessed 8 January 2022)","Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa. Bd. 7 / 2 - 3. Chelicerata: Acari III. Band 7 / 2 - 3. Springer Spektrum, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London and New York, pp. i - xi + 1 - 429. [http: // link. springer. com / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5]","Valdecasas, A. G. (1988) Lista sinonimica y bibliografica de las Hidracnelas (Acari, Hydrachnellae) de la Peninsula Iberica, Islas Baleares e Islas Canarias. Lista de la flora y fauna de las aguas continentales de la Peninsula Iberica. Publicacion no 5. Asociacion Espanola de Limnologia, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, 81 pp. [http: // www. limnetica. net / documentos / listas / Lista _ 5 _ Hidracnelas. pdf]","Lundblad, O. (1956) Zur Kenntnis sud- und mitteleuropaischer Hydrachnellen. Arkiv for Zoologi 10, 1 - 306, tafel LXXXIV."]}

Pionopsis lutescens (Hermann, 1804) Synonym: Hydrachna lutescens Hermann, 1804 (original designation) Type material: Unknown, possibly lost. Type locality: Northern Europe (Hermann 1804). Geographical distribution: Holarctic, remarkably Europe (Gerecke et al. 2016). Distribution in Portugal: South: Estremadura (Valdecasas 1988), in Sintra-Monserrate Park and Palace (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: Freshwater (Lundblad 1956), at pools of streams and small habitats with a short temporary water cover; Larval insects hosts: Chironomidae dipterans (Gerecke et al. 2016). Tiphys torris (Müller, 1776) Synonym: Hydrachna torris Müller, 1776 (original designation) Type material: Unknown, possibly lost. Type locality: Denmark (probably surroundings of Copenhagen) or Norway (Müller 1776). Geographical distribution: Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). Distribution in Portugal: South: Estremadura (Valdecasas 1988), in Sintra-Monserrate Park and Palace (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: In lentic freshwater ecosystems and small tributaries, including eutrophic, oligotrophic and dystrophic environments (Gerecke et al. 2016).

Piona pusilla (Neuman, 1875) Synonyms: Nesaea pusilla Neumann, 1875 (original designation); Piona tuberifera Viets, 1910; Piona rotunda disjuncta Viets, 1930 Type material: Possible type material of an adult specimen deposited in NRM, catalogue number NHRSGULI000079078 (GBIF 2022). Type locality: Sweden: Öland (GBIF 2022). Geographical distribution: Holarctic (Gerecke et al. 2016; Plazi.org 2022). Distribution in Portugal: South: Alentejo, in Ribeira de Odivelas (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: Slightly brackish to freshwater, at standing/lentic and temporary waters (Gerecke et al. 2016); present in plants, such as Batrachium spp., Myriophyllum spp., Nymphea spp. (Lundblad 1956).

V.Tuzovskij, Petr (2022): Description of a new water mite species of the genus Piona Koch (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae) from European Russia. Zootaxa 5190 (3): 438-446, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.3.8

Piona neumaniella, sp. n. (Figs 1–29) Type series. Holotype: female, slide 1596, Europe, Russia, Samara Province, Stavropol District, National natural Park “Samarskaya Luka”, small lake near village Koltsovo, depth 30–90 cm, substrates silt and vegetation along a coastal line, 21.05.1996, leg P. Tuzovskij. Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 3 females and 3 males 21.05.1996, 3 females and 3 males 23.05.1996; 3 females and 2 males 02.06.1996, 2 mature deutonymphs 15.06.1996. The females produce eggs from which develop directly the deutonymphal stage. Larvae and deutonymphs were reared from seven females, the duration of the embryonic period was 10–13 days. Description. Larva. Idiosoma flat, dorsal plate elongate (L/W ratio 1.58–1.85), covering almost the whole dorsum (Fig. 1), bearing four pairs setae (Fch, Fp, Vi, Oi) with convex lateral margins, anterior margin straight or slightly convex, posterior margin rounded; simple setae Fch shorter than Vi, trichobothria Fp and Oi relatively long, thin and subequal in length. Surface of dorsal shield slightly sclerotized with indistinct reticulation. Coxal plates I (Fig. 2) with short apodemes directed laterally. Coxal plates III elongate and much larger than coxal plate II, with rounded posterior margin, suture line between coxal plates incomplete obliterated medially. Setae C1 shorter than C2, C3 longer than C4; C4 relatively thick, a little not reaching to posterior margin of coxal plates III, base of coxal seta C4 and suture line between coxal plates II+III well separated. Excretory pore plate (Figs 3–4) subtriangular wider than long (L/W ratio 0.85–0.92), with almost straight posterior margin, slightly convex lateral margins; both pairs of anal setae and excretory pore located near posterior margin of plate; anal setae in trapezoid arrangement, bases of setae Ai situated anterior and medial to Ae, Ai shorter than Ae. Basal segments of chelicerae (Fig. 5) fused to each other medially, expanded proximally and tapering distally, with short pointed crescent chela (Fig. 6). Pedipalps stocky (Fig. 7): P-1 short and without seta; P-2 large, with a single dorsal seta; P-3 a little shorter than P-2, with very long, thick lateroproximal seta and relatively short dorsodistal one; P-4 short, with three thin setae and large dorsodistal claw; P-5 small, with single solenidion, two unequal long and five relatively short unequal simple setae. Legs 5-segmented, shape and arrangement of setae on legs segments as shown in Figs 8–10. Total number of leg setae, excluding eupathidia, as follows (specialized setae indicated in parentheses): I-Leg-1–5: 1, 7, 5(s), 11(2s), 14(s, ac); II-Leg-1–5: 1, 7, 5(s), 11(2s), 13(s, ac); III-Leg-1–5: 1, 6, 5(s), 10(s), 11(ac). Number of thickened distal setae from trochanter to tarsus: I-Leg: 0, 1, 1, 2, 0; II-Leg: 0, 1, 2, 3, 0; III-Leg: 0, 2, 2, 4, 0. I-Leg-1with relatively short seta, II/III-Leg-1 with long seta each. Solenidion or solenidia on I/II-Leg-3/4 and III-Leg-3 located dorsodistally, solenidion on III-Leg-4 situated near to middle of segment; I/II-Leg-4 with subequal solenidia. Acanthoid seta comparatively short and setose, located distally on tarsus of all legs. Leg claws subequal in length but central claw a little thicker than lateral claws on tarsi all legs (Fig. 11). Measurements (n=5). Dorsal plate L 335–345, W 25–265; medial margin of coxa I L 60–69, medial margin of coxae II+III L 130–140; urstigma D 16–17; excretory pore plate L 35–38, W 39–40; setae Fch L 50, setae Fp and Oi L 41, setae Vi L 56, L 48; setae Oe L 95–101; setae C1 L 48, setae C2 L 55, setae C3 L 78, setae C4 L 65; cheliceral segments: base L 90–95, chela L 15–18; pedipalpal segments (P–1–5) L: 12-15, 33–36, 27–30,12–15, 9–10; leg segments L: I-Leg-1–5: 30–36, 30–36, 36–42, 48–50, 48–51; II-Leg-1–5: 33–37, 33–37, 42–48, 57–66, 60–66; III-Leg-1–5: 42–46, 40–42, 42–48, 60–66, 66–72. Deutonymph. Color red, idiosoma oval, integument soft and with large wrinkles. Setae Fch (Fig. 12) longer and thicker than other idiosomal setae. Coxal plates in four groups (Fig. 13). Anterior coxal groups with short apodemes. Glandularium and seta Hv free, located between anterior and posterior coxal groups on each side. Suture line between coxal plates III and IV complete. Medial margin of coxal plate IV 2.0–3.0 times longer than medial margin of coxal plate III. Posterior margins of coxal plates IV forming obtuse angle, apodemes slightly developed. Acetabular plates separated, with two subequal acetabula and three short, thin setae on each side, distance between acetabula equal or large than diameter of acetabula. Genital and pregenital sclerites fused. Excretory pore surrounded by a sclerotized ring and placed anterior to setae Pi. Pedipalp thicker than anterior pairs of legs (Fig. 14): P-1 short, without seta; P-2 large, with straight ventral margin and bearing three short subequal dorsal setae; P-3 short with concave ventral margin, two unequal setae, lateral seta equal or a little shorter than dorsal margin of segment, its base located near middle of segment; P-4 tapering distally, with two well separate ventral setae (proximal seta associated with small tubercle, distal one usually not associated with tubercle or tubercle very minute), distal peg-like seta very small; P-5 with proximal solenidion, four unequal distal spines and three thin setae. Legs 6-segmented slender, I-Leg-4/5 with relatively short swimming setae (Fig. 15), legs II–IV with long swimming setae (Fig. 16), their number as following: two on I-Leg-5 and II-Leg-4; three to four on II-Leg-5, four on III-Leg-5, five on IV-Leg-5, IV-Leg-6 with three to four thick setae. Leg claws with long pointed external and comparatively short, thick internal clawlets, lamella moderately developed with slightly convex ventral margin (Fig. 17). Measurements (n=10). Idiosoma L 390–540; seta Fch 72–80; acetabular plate L 60–72, W 30–36; genital acetabula (ac-1-2) L 18–21, 18–24; cheliceral segments L: base 115–135, chela 48–54; pedipalp segments (P-1-5) L: 18–24, 90–96, 48–55, 90–96, 35–40; leg segments L: I-Leg-1-6: 35–50, 75–85, 75–90, 110–115, 110–120, 140–160; II-Leg-1-6: 50–65, 65–80, 80–90, 125–40, 135–150, 160–170; III-Leg-1-6: 50–65, 75–90, 85–95, 130–140, 155–165, 155–170; IV-Leg-1-6: 75–90, 75–100, 100–105, 130–150, 160–190, 175–190. Adults. Both sexes. Color red. All dorsal setae thin and approximately equal in length, but setae Fch (Fig. 18) longer and thicker than others idiosomal setae. Dorsum usually without platelets, occasionally two platelets present, which are hardly visible. Pedipalps thicker than anterior pair of legs. P-2 ventral margin straight or slightly convex; P-4 with sexual dimorphism. Male. Idiosoma oval, integument soft with rather large wrinkles (Fig. 19). Anterior coxal groups separated with short apodemes. Sclerites bearing setae Hv fused with posterior margins of coxal plates II, but suture line present on each side. Posterior coxal groups fused medially but suture line present. Suture line between third and fourth coxal plates incomplete obliterated medially on each side. Genital plates broadly wing-shaped, anteromedially fused to coxal plates IV, their posterior margin not extending laterally beyond posterior projections of these plates. Gonopore narrow transverse, wider than long, genital pit moderately deep, with 8–12 genital acetabula on each side. Excretory pore surrounded by sclerotized ring, located between flanking setae (Pi, Ci). Chelicera with large basal segment and short crescent chela (Fig. 20). Pedipalp (Fig. 21) thicker than legs: P-1 short, with single short dorsodistal seta; P-2 ventral margin straight or slightly convex, with six to seven short subequal dorsal setae; P-3 short, with one long lateral seta and two short subequal setae, lateral seta located near middle of segment its length equal or shorter than dorsal margin of segment; P-4 stocky, ventral margin with an extension bearing two pointed subequal comparatively large setal tubercles, and several thin setae associated or not associated with small tubercles, ventrodistal peg-like seta short and directed ventrally; P-5 relatively long with proximal solenidion, four very short, thick distal spines and several thin setae. Ejaculatory complex (Fig. 22) proximal chamber relatively large, with a curving proximal projection forming single incomplete coil, proximal and distal arms subequal in length. Legs with swimming setae. I/II-Leg–6 thickened distally (Fig. 23); III-Leg-5 much longer than III-Leg-6 (III-Leg-5/III-Leg-6 L ratio 1.77–1.92.), subequal in thickness along entire length, with long distal seta; III-Leg-6 short, weakly thickened distally, with convex dorsal margin (Fig. 24); IV–Leg-4 comparatively thick, with a concavity bearing rather numerous unequal spine-like setae, IV-Leg-5 longer than IV-Leg-4 a little thickened distally, IV-Leg-6 thin straight, with three to five thick setae (Fig. 25). Number of swimming setae as follows: three to four on I–Leg-4, four to five on I-Leg-5, five to six on II-Leg-4/5, one on III-Leg-5, three to four on IV-Leg-4, eight to ten on IV-Leg-5. Claws of legs III small and subequal in shape and size (Fig.6). Measurements (n=5). Idiosoma L 675–725; seta Fch L 75–80; genital field W 325– 350; cheliceral segments L: base 200–225, chela 60–65; pedipalp segments (P–1–5) L: 37–50, 150–170, 85–105, 160–175, 50–55; leg segments L: I-Leg-1–6: 75–90, 110–125, 135–155, 205–215, 215–240, 235–245; II-Leg-1–6: 75–90, 110–140, 150–175, 225–240, 250–265, 235–255; III-Leg-1–6: 85–100, 125–150, 150–175, 235–250, 300–315, 160–170; IV-Leg-1–6: 150–165, 125–150, 135–155, 200–240, 250–290, 250–265. Female. Integument lineated. All coxal groups separated (Fig. 28). Anterior coxal groups with a short apodeme each. Sclerites bearing setae Hv free. Suture line between third and fourth coxal plates complete, coxal plate IV posterior margins forming obtuse angle, apodeme moderately developed. Genital field with two pairs of plates: small anterior plates usually bearing one acetabulum and surrounded by six to eight short, thin setae, posterior plates irregular wider than long, with 8–13 acetabula and three to six short, thin setae on each side; in addition, (occasionally two or three) acetabula lying free in the integument between anterior and posterior plates on each side. Anterior genital sclerite large than posterior one. Excretory pore located between setae Pi and surrounded by sclerotized ring. P-2 ventral margin straight or slightly convex; P-3 with three subequal setae which much shorter than dorsal margin of segment; P-4 slender slightly tapering distally, ventral margin without extension, with two small well separated setal tubercles and several short, thin setae not associated with tubercles (Fig. 29). Legs thin and slender. I/II-Leg-6 not thickened. Legs with swimming setae, their number as following: four to five on I-Leg-4, five to seven on I-Leg-5, six to eight on II-Leg-4 and IV-Leg-4, seven to ten on II-Leg-5 and III-Leg-4; 1-11 on III-Leg-5, 8–11 on IV-Leg-5. Swimming setae on anterior pairs of legs shorter than on posterior ones. Leg claws as in the male I/II-Leg claws. Measurements, n=5. Idiosoma L 1250–1600; cheliceral segments L: base 260–290, chela 87–90; pedipalp segments (P-1-5) L: 37–50, 165–200, 100–112, 200–225, 62–75; leg segments L: I-Leg-1-6: 100–115, 160–175, 210–225, 325–340, 325–340, 310–325; II-Leg-1-6: 100–115, 175–190, 200–265, 350–365, 350–375, 325–350; III-Leg-1-6: 110–125, 185– 200, 200–265, 360–375, 360–375, 325–340; IV-Leg-1-6: 185–215, 200–215, 285–300, 385–415, 425–440, 335–360. Remarks. The present species is similar to Piona neumani (Koenike, 1883), P. circularis Piersig, 1896 and P. litoralis Viets, 1936; however, K. Viets (1956) and K. O. Viets (1987) regarded two last species as a junior synonym of the first species. Differences between P. neumaniella sp. n. and P.neumani are found in the following characters (characters states of larva, deutonymph and adults P. neumani are indicated in parentheses, data from Wainstein 1980 for larva, Tuzovskij 2020 for deutonymph, K. Viets 1936, Lundblad 1962 and Gerecke et al. 2016 for adults, respectively): Larva: the dorsal shield, coxal plates and excretory pore plate very slightly sclerotized (well sclerotized), larvae develop without parasitism to deutonymphal stages (a host necessary for development); base of coxal seta C4 and suture line between coxal plates II+III well separated on each side, Fig. 2 (close to each other, Fig. 30); basal segments of chelicerae distinctly thickened in proximal half, with straight lateral margins, Fig. 5 (almost all length equal in width, with irregular lateral margins, Fig. 31); anal setae in trapezoid arrangement, Figs 3–4 (in straight transverse line, Fig. 32); all leg clawlets subequal in length (lateral clawlets longer than central clawlets); Deutonymph: pregenital and genital sclerites fused to each other (separated), P-5 all thick spine-like setae located close to each distally, Fig. 13 (two short spines located proximally and two comparatively long spines located distally, Fig. 33), II-Leg-5 with two swimming setae (with three swimming setae); Adults: Dorsal plates not developed (present); Male: Integument with wrinkles (lineated), gonopore narrow, Fig. 19 (rather wide, Fig. 34), ejaculatory complex proximal chamber with a curving rather thick, short proximal projection forming incomplete coil, Fig. 22 (with relatively thin, long projection, forming 1.5 coils, Fig. 27); Female: coxal plate IV posterior margins with short obtuse projection, Fig. 28 (with rather long pointed projection, Fig. 35). Etymology. The species is named neumaniella as it has many features in common with the species P. neumani. Habitat. Lakes. Distribution. Europe (Russia, Samara Province)., Published as part of V. Tuzovskij, Petr, 2022, Description of a new water mite species of the genus Piona Koch (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae) from European Russia, pp. 438-446 in Zootaxa 5190 (3) on pages 438-446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5190.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/7138346, {"references":["Viets, K. (1936) Wassermilben oder Hydracarina (Hydrachnellae und Halacaridae). In: Dahl, F. (Ed.), Tierwelt Deutschlands. Vol. 31. G. Fischer, Jena, pp. I - X + 1 - 288, 32, 289 - 574.","Viets, K. (1956) Die Milben des Susswassers und desMeeres. Hydrachnellae et Halacaridae (Acari). Zweiter und dritter Teil: Katalog und Nomenklator. G. Fischer, Jena, 870 pp.","Viets, K. O. (1987) Die Milben des Susswassers (Hydrachnellae und Halacaridae (part.), Acari). 2: Katalog. Sonderbande des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, 8, 1 - 1012.","Wainstein, B. A. (1980) Opredelitel' lichinok vodyanykh kleshchey [Key to water mite larvae]. Nauka, Leningrad, 238 pp. [in Russian]","Tuzovskij, P. V. (2020) Deutonymphal morphology of the water mite Piona neumani (Koenike, 1883) (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae). Amurian zoological journal, XII (1), 8 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.33910 / 2686 - 9519 - 2020 - 12 - 1 - 8 - 11","Lundblad, O. (1962) Die Hydracarinen Schwedens. II. Arkiv for Zoology, 14 (1 - 6), 1 - 635.","Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) 8. Acari: Hydrachnidia III. In: Gerecke, R. (Ed.), Sυβwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa. Vol. 7 / 2 - 3. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, 429 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5"]}

Piona cumberlandensis (Rainbow, 1906) New record — 0/3/0, Lake Monger, 31°55′28.35″ S 115°49′37.28″ E, 29 Apr. 2008. Distribution — Widespread, occurring in all states and territories, but not reported from Queensland., Published as part of Orginal, Harry Smit, 2021, The water mites of Western Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 13 new species, pp. 928-966 in Acarologia 61 (4) on page 946

Australotiphys himonius Harvey, 1996 New record — 0/1/0, stream El Questro Gorge, El Questro Homestead, The Kimberley, 15 Sept. 1998. Distribution — Previously reported from two localities, one in the Northern Territory and one in Queensland (Harvey 1996a), and reported here for the first time from Western Australia., Published as part of Orginal, Harry Smit, 2021, The water mites of Western Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 13 new species, pp. 928-966 in Acarologia 61 (4) on page 948, {"references":["Harvey M. S. 1996 a. A review of the water mite family Pionidae in Australia (Acarina: Hygrobatoidea). Rec. West. Austr. Mus., 17: 361 - 393."]}

Ten new species of water mites are described from Ghana, i.e. Limnesia (Limnesia) stagnalis n. sp. (Limnesiidae), Hygrobatopsis (?) convexipalpis n. sp., Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsis) pauciglandulosa n. sp., Hygrobates (Hygrobates) dentipalpis n. sp., Hygrobates (Hygrobates) pseudoniloticus n. sp. (Hygrobatidae), Neumania (Soarella) fusiformis n. sp., Neumania (Soarella) ghanaensis n. sp., Unionicola heversi n. sp. (Unionicolidae), Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) chutteri ankasa n. sp. and Arrenurus (Micruracarus) circulodorsalis n. sp. (Arrenuridae). Three subspecies are raised to full species, i.e. Mamersa expansa Cook, 1979 nov. stat. (Hydryphantidae), H. coriaceus (Lundblad, 1952) nov. stat. (Hygrobatidae) and Nyangalla (Ecpolopella) acuticaudata K. Viets, 1916 nov. stat. (Unionicolidae). Ecpolus dorsofenestratus Lundblad, 1949 is synonymized with Neumania (Alloneumania) marginata (K. Viets, 1916). The adults of Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsella) inflatus (K. Viets, 1925), a species know thus far as deutonymph only, the females of Tubophora limnesioides Walter, 1935, Hygrobates niloticus Walter, 1922, Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) geniculatus Koenike 1898 and Momonides ghanaensis Smit, 2012, and the male of Piona damasiella Cook, 1966 are described for the first time. Many new records are presented for Ghana and the Gambia.

Three new species of water mites are described from Chile, viz. Pseudohydryphantes chilensis n. sp. (Hydryphantidae), Rhynchaturus dispar n. sp. and Rhynchaturus rucuensis n. sp. (Hygrobatidae). Andesobates magellanicus (Tuzovskij and Stolbov, 2016) is synonymized with A. longipalpis Smit, 2002. The first description is given of the females of Omartacarus ferradasae Cook and Rhynchaturus projectus Cook, and the male of Hygrobatella coriacea quiponensis Cook. Moreover, many new records are given, and two species are reported new for the fauna of Chile (not including the new species described in this paper)., Acarologia, 61, 274-290

Piona chilensis K.O. Viets, 1968 New record. 1/1/0, Lago Blanco, Pumalín NP, prov. Palena, 42°45.076 ′ S 72°36.265 ′ W, 119 m a.s.l., 17 Dec. 2018. Distribution. Previously known from ponds on Isla Teja near Valdivia (K.O. Viets 1968)., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2021, New records of water mites from Chile (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of three new species, pp. 274-290 in Acarologia 61 (2) on page 288, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20214430, http://zenodo.org/record/5392660, {"references":["Viets K. O. 1968. Uber neue und bekannte Wassermilben (Hydrachnellae, Acari) aus Chile. Beitr. Neotrop. Fauna, 5: 209 - 228. doi: 10.1080 / 01650526809360408"]}

Piona discrepans (Koenike, 1895) (Figs 1–11, 21–23) 1895 Curvipes discrepans Koenike. Zoologischer Anzeiger 18: 391. Material examined. 1 female and 9 larvae: Asia, Russia, Magadan Province, Tenka District, small lake near village Sibik-Tyellakh, 19 July 1979; 3 females, Europe, Russia, Yaroslavl Province, Nekouz District, pond in park of settlement Borok, 12 August 1994. Larvae were reared in laboratory (room temperature, natural day-night conditions) from a single female, the duration of the embryonic period was 11days. Description. Larva. Idiosoma flat, dorsal plate elongate (L/W ratio 1.58–1.85), covering almost the whole dorsum (Fig. 1), bearing four pairs setae (Fch, Fp, Vi, Oi) with convex lateral margins, its anterior margin straight or slightly convex, posterior margin rounded; simple setae Fch slightly shorter than Vi, trichobothria Fp and Oi relatively long, thin and subequal in length. Setae Oe, Hi, He, Sci, Sce, Li and Si situated in soft membrane, Oe longest, Si shortest, He longer and thicker than Hi. Coxal plates (Fig. 2) moderately large, first plates with short apodemes directed laterally, plates II–III with single rudimentary apodeme posterior to middle of their medial margin on each side. Setae C1 much shorter than C2; C4 shorter than C2 and C3, but longer than C1. Setae Ci very long located on small tubercles. Setae Pi and Pe nearly subequal in length. Excretory pore plate (Figs 3–4) wider than long (L/W ratio 0.60–0.67) with convex anterior margin and a minute median projection; bases of setae Ai and Ae located near posterior margin of the plate, Ae slightly longer than Ai. Basal segments of chelicerae (Fig. 5) fused to each other medially, expanded proximally with straight anterior margin and tapering distally; chela small, crescent-shaped. Pedipalps short and stocky (Fig. 6): P–1 short and without seta; P–2 large, with a single distal seta; P–3 with very long, thick lateroproximal seta and relatively short, fine dorsodistal one; P–4 with two thin unequal setae and large bifurcated dorsodistal claw, dorsal furca much large than ventral one; P–5 small, with rather long solenidion, two long and several short simple setae. Legs 5–segmented, shape and arrangement of setae on legs segments as shown in Figs 7–9. Total number of leg setae, excluding eupathidia, as follows (specialized setae indicated in parentheses): I– Leg-1–5: 1, 7, 5(s), 10(2s), 13(s, ac); II–Leg-1–5: 1, 7, 5(s), 11(2s), 13(s, ac); III–Leg-1–5: 1, 6, 5(s), 10(s), 11(ac). Number of thickened distal setae from trochanter to tarsus: I-Leg: 0, 1, 0, 1, 0; II–Leg: 0, 1, 2, 5, 0; III-Leg: 0, 1, 2, 5, 0. I–Leg-1with relatively short seta, II/III–Leg-1 with long seta each. Solenidion or solenidia on all legs located dorsodistally. Solenidion or solenidia on I/II–Leg-3/4 longer than solenidion on III-Leg-3–4. Acanthoid seta comparatively short, located distoventrally on tarsus of all legs. Empodial claw on tarsi of all legs shorter and thicker than lateral claws (Figs 10–11). Measurements (n=9). Dorsal plate L 225–245, W 130–155; medial edge of coxa I L 64–70, medial edges of coxae II+III L 180–190; urstigma L 16–17; excretory pore plate L 25–27, W 38–40; setae Fch L 48–50, setae Fp and Oi L 37–39, setae Vi L 52–54, L 38–42; setae Oe L 95–101; setae Hi L 60–65, setae He L75–80, setae Sci L 63–67, Sce L 65–70, setae Li L 50–55, setae Le L 45–50; setae Si L 20–23; setae Se L 65–70; setae Ci L 95–100, setae Pi L 37–40, setae Pe L 40–45; setae Ai L 32–35; setae Ae L 34–40; setae C1 L 48–52, setae C2 L 85–90, setae C3 L 90–95, setae C4 L 58–65; cheliceral segments: base L90–95, chela L 12–13; pedipalpal segments (P–1–5) L: 6–7, 38–42, 25–29, 7–8, 6–7; leg segments L: I–Leg-1–5: 30–36,30–33, 30–36, 42–45, 48–51; II–Leg-1–5: 33–37, 35–37, 42–45, 53–57, 72–78; III–Leg-1–5: 35–38, 35–42, 42–45, 51–54, 75–80. Remarks. The larva of the present species is similar to the larva of Piona coccinea Koch, 1837, but differs in the following characters (character states of larva P. coccinea are given in parenthesis after Wainstein 1980 and Davids & Kouwets 1987): excretory pore plate transverse, Figs 3–4 (has the form of an equipotential triangle); P-3 with two setae, P-4 dorsodistal claws bifurcated, Fig. 6 (P-3 with three setae, P-4 dorsodistal claws not bifurcated); II-Leg-3 with two, II-Leg-4 with five heavy setae, Fig. 8, III-Leg-3 with two heavy setae, Fig. 9 (II-Leg-3/4 with single heavy seta, III-Leg-3 with three heavy setae). Larva. Hosts unknown. Deutonymph. See Tuzovskij 1990. Habitat. All kinds of standing waters and lowland streams (Lundblad 1968). Distribution. Palaearctic. Widespread in Europe (Viets, 1956, Lundblad 1968)., Published as part of Tuzovskij, Petr V., 2019, On the systematics of the water mite Piona discrepans (Koenike, 1895) and Piona discrepaniella Tuzovskij, 1990 (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae), pp. 397-404 in Zootaxa 4629 (3) on pages 398-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4629.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3271057, {"references":["Wainstein, B. A. (1980) Opredelitel' lichinok vodyanykh kleshchej [Key to water mite larvae]. Nauka, Leningrad, 238 pp. [in Russian]","Davids, C. & Kouwets, F. A. C. (1987) The characteristics of some water mite species of the genus Piona (Acari, Hydrachnellae) with three new larval descriptions. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 110 (1), 1 - 18.","Tuzovskij, P. V. (1990) Opredelitel' deutonymphs vodyanykh kleshchej [Key to water mite deutonymphs]. Nauka, Moscow, 238 pp. [in Russian]","Viets, K. (1956) Die Milben des Susswassers und des Meeres. Hydrachnellae et Halacaridae (Acari). Zweiter und dritter Teil: Katalog und Nomenklator, Jena: G. Fischer, 870 pp."]}

Tuzovskij, Petr V. (2019): On the systematics of the water mite Piona discrepans (Koenike, 1895) and Piona discrepaniella Tuzovskij, 1990 (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Pionidae). Zootaxa 4629 (3): 397-404, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4629.3.7

Key to Forelia larvae in Russia 1 Coxal plates III without tmas* (Wainstein 1980)........................................................................................................... F. variegator - Coxal plates III with tmas................................................................................................................................................................. 2 2 II /III-Leg-4 with four heavy distal setae (Figs14���15), III-Leg-3 with three heavy distal setae, III-Leg-4 with 11 simple setae....... ............................................................................................................................................................................................. F. liliacea - II/III-Leg-4 with three heavy setae, III-Leg-3 with two heavy distal setae, III-Leg-3 with two heavy distal setae, III-Leg-4 with 9 simple setae........................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 3 P-4 with two thin setae (Fig. 8), tmas with short furca (Fig. 2), dorsal plate large: L 260���270 ��m, W 175���185 ��m, II/III-Leg-5 long: L 70���75 ��m and 76���80 ��m, respectively .................................................................................................................. F. brevipes - P-4 with three thin setae, tmas without furca, Fig. 17, dorsal plate relatively small: L 230���240 ��m, W 145���160 ��m, II/III-Leg-5 comparatively short: L 65���70 ��m and 65���75 ��m, respectively (Tuzovskij 1997).......................................................... F. samarica, Published as part of Tuzovskij, Petr V., 2019, Larval morphology of the water mite Forelia brevipes (Neuman, 1880) (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Pionidae), pp. 433-438 in Zootaxa 4550 (3) on page 436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.3.12, http://zenodo.org/record/2625407, {"references":["Wainstein, B. A. (1980) Opredelitel' lichinok vodyanykh kleshchej [Key to water mite larvae]. Nauka, Leningrad, 238 pp. [in Russian]","Tuzovskij, P. V. (1997) Water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acariformes). Ecological condition of a river basin of Chapaevka in the conditions of anthropogenous pollution, Biological indication, 3, 162 - 177. [in Russian]"]}

The fauna of the genus Forelia collected in Russia currently includes six species: F. brevipes, F. diaphana (Croneberg, 1899), F. liliacea (Muller, 1776), F. mutata (Piersig, 1901), F . samarica Tuzovskij, 1997 and F. variegator (Koch, 1837) (Uchida 1936, Sokolow 1940, Tuzovskij 1997). The larvae are known in F. liliacea, F. variegator (Wainstein 1980) and F . samarica (Tuzovskij 1997). Larvae of the genus Forelia are abdominal parasites of chironomid Diptera (Kouwets & Davids 1984, Smit & Oliver 1986). The aim of this paper is to present the morphology of the previously unknown larva of F. brevipes and to give an identification key for larvae of the genus Forelia species known in Russia.

Forelia brevipes (Neuman, 1880) (Figs 1–17) Material examined. Larvae (n =7) were reared from single female collected in litoral zone of Rybinsk reservoir near settlement Borok (58 o 4’13’’36 N, 38 o 24’20’’83 E), Nekouz District, Yaroslavl Province, Russia, Europe, 19 July 2001.The duration of the embryonic period was 11 days. Larva. Description. Idiosoma flat, dorsal plate in unengorged larvae covering the whole dorsum (Fig. 1), with convex lateral margins, its anterior margin straight, posterior margin rounded. Dorsal plate large elongate (L/W ratio 1.42–1.50) and bearing two pairs of simple setae (Fch, Vi) and two pairs of trichobothria (Fp and Oi), simple setae slightly longer and thicker than trichobothria, Fch longer than Fp, both pairs of trichobothria thin, equal in length. Six pairs of setae (Oe, Hi, He, Sci, Sce, Li) situated in soft integument: Oe longest, He much longer than Hi, Sci and Sce subequal in length, Li much shorter than other setae situated on the soft integument. Coxal plates (Fig. 2) moderately large and elongate, first pair of plates with short apodemes directed laterally, plates II–III with a rudimentary apodeme on each side. Setae C1 relatively short and extending beyond bases setae of C4, C2– C4 subequal in length, the last setae scarcely not reaching posterior margin of the coxal plates III. Well-developed tmas, situated in posteromedial corner of coxa III on each side, each tmas with short furca directed posteromedially. Setae Ci very long, located on small tubercles, Si short, Pi and Pe subequal in length. Excretory pore plate (Figs 3–4) wider than long (L/W ratio 0.70–0.78), excretory pore located near posterior margin of plate between setae Ae, distance between bases of setae Ae–Ae two times longer than distance between Ai–Ai. Coxal plates and dorsal shield with reticulations. Capitulum (Fig. 5) with rather broad base and comparatively narrow rostrum, anterior hypostomal setae longer and thinner than posterior ones. Basal segments of chelicerae (Fig. 6) fused to each other medially, longer than wide, expanded proximally and tapering distally. Chela small crescent–shaped and pointed (Fig. 7). Pedipalps very short and stocky (Fig. 8): P–1 short and without seta; P–2 relatively large, with single relatively short, thin dorsodistal seta; P–3 with a very long, thick lateroproximal seta and relatively short, thin dorsodistal seta; P–4 short, with two thin lateral setae and massive hook-like dorsodistal claw; P–5 small, with one short solenidion, two long and five relatively short, thin simple setae. Legs 5-segmented. Shape and arrangement of setae on legs segments as shown in Figs 9–11. Total number of setae on legs I–III except for eupathidia as follows (presence and number of sensilla shown in parentheses): I-Leg-1–5: 1, 7, 5(s), 10(2s), 13(s, ac); II-Leg-1–5: 1, 7, 5(s), 11(2s), 13(s, ac); III-Leg-1–5: 1, 6, 5(s), 10(s), 11(ac). Number of heavy setae from trochanter to tarsus: I–Leg: 0, 1, 1, 1, 0; II–Leg: 0, 1, 2, 3, 0; III–Leg: 0, 1, 2, 3, 0. Solenidion on I/II-Leg-3 and both solenidia on I/II-Leg-4 located distally, solenidion on II-Leg-5 and solenidion on III-Leg-3/4 located in spaces between the middle and distal end of these segments. Claws of legs I and II (Fig. 11) smaller than claws of legs III (Fig. 12). Measurements, n=7. Dorsal plate L 260–270, W 175–185; setae Fch L 55–60, Fp and Oi L 30–35, Vi L 50–55, Oe L 85–95, Hi L 45–50, He L 60–65, Sci L 35–40, Sce L 45–50; Li L 28–30, Le L 35–40, Si L 20–25, Se L 55–60, Ci L 125– 135, Pi and Pe L 40–45, C1 L 60–65, C2 L 85–90, C3 L 90–95, C4 L 80–85; medial edge of coxa I L 70–73, medial edge of coxae II+III L 105–115; excretory pore plate L 20–23, W 28–32; capitulum L 80–84; cheliceral segments L: base 70– 74, chela L 15–17; pedipalpal segments (P–1–5) L: 6–7, 25–27, 20–23, 6–8, 6–8; legs segments L: I–Leg-1–5: 32–35, 25–27, 29–32, 38–42, 44–48; II–Leg-1–5: 35–38, 25–29, 32–36, 48–50, 70–75; III–Leg-1–5: 35–40, 32–36, 35–39, 57– 60, 76–80. Remarks. The larva of the present species is similar to larva of F. samarica. However, the following clear differences can be found in the morphology of larva of F. brevipes (character states of larva F. samarica are given in parenthesis after Tuzovskij 1997, respectively): tmas furcate, Fig. 2 (tmas not furcate, Fig. 17); P-4 with two thin setae, Fig. 8 (with three thin setae); dorsal plate large, L 260–270 µm, W 175–185 µm (relatively small, L 230–240 µm, W 145–160 µm); II/III-Leg-5 long, L 70–75 µm and 76–80 µm, respectively (comparatively short, L 65–70 µm and 65–75 µm, respectively)., Published as part of Tuzovskij, Petr V., 2019, Larval morphology of the water mite Forelia brevipes (Neuman, 1880) (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Pionidae), pp. 433-438 in Zootaxa 4550 (3) on pages 433-436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.3.12, http://zenodo.org/record/2625407, {"references":["Tuzovskij, P. V. (1997) Water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acariformes). Ecological condition of a river basin of Chapaevka in the conditions of anthropogenous pollution, Biological indication, 3, 162 - 177. [in Russian]"]}

Forelia liliacea (Müller, 1776) New records: Montenegro:, Podgorica, Skadar Lake area, Drume, Vitoja River, 0.3 m depth, 42°19'32.5"N 19°21'45.9"E 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/5/0). Albania, Skadar Lake near Gashaj, Syri and Sheganit spring, sublacustrine spring, mud, 2 m depth, 42°16'30.4"N 19°23'42.9"E 07.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (0/1/0). Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

The last checklist of the water mites of the Balkan countries published in 2010 by Pešić et al. is updated to November 2017. This supplement includes new records of water mite species from the Balkan countries (Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece) published after 2010, as well as unpublished records based on material collected from Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Macedonia, and Greece. Numerous new records for the national faunas, including one species new for the Mediterranean region (Arrenurus stjordalensis Thor, 1899), are reported and one species new to science (Trichothyas jadrankae Pešić sp. nov.) is described. With these additions, a total number of 390 water mite species and subspecies from 34 families and 77 genera is now recorded from the Balkan peninsula (including the Greek Islands).

Piona alpicola (Neuman, 1880) New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, Malo Blato, Sinjac, river, Batrachium sp., Potamogeton crispus, Fontinalis sp., 42°21'58.3"N 19°09'18.0"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011). Remarks: New for Montenegro. Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona pusilla (Neuman, 1875) New records: Montenegro: Cetinje, Skadar Lake near Karuč, Nuphar luteum, Myriophyllum sp., 2 m depth, 42°21'31.1"N 19°06'22.8"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0); Podgorica, Drume, Skadar Lake area, spring near Vitoja River, sand, 0.5 m depth, 42°19'32.5"N 19°21'45.9"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0). Macedonia: Ohrid Lake near Gorica, Charophyceae sp., Polygonum sp., 41°5'5.39"N 20°47'45.73"E, 18.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Monastir Bogarodica, rocks, 41°6'41.21"N 20°47'17.75"E, 22.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (2/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Ohrid, near University Hostel, Charaphyceae sp., 41°6'20.87"N 20°48'26.11"E, 21.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Kaliste, muddy bottom, 41°8'58.43"N 20°39'4.04"E, 22.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Ohrid, shore near Hydrobiological Institute, rocks, 41°6'10.33"N 20°48'23.88"E, 24.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (2/0/0); Podgoricko Lake, near border with Albania, near Shebenik-Jabllanicë National Park, 41°15'31.64"N 20°31'22.15"E, 30.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (14/2/0); ibid., small reservoir, 0.2 m depth, 30.vi.2009 (7/0/0); Prespa Lake near Sirhan, muddy bottom, plants, 40°59'58.66"N 20°56'15.94"E, 25.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (2/ 0/0); Ohrid, small reservoir near Hydrobiological Institute, 41°6'4.82"N 20°48'50.73"E, 1.vii.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (5/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011); Zawal et al. (2011). Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona disparilis (Koenike, 1895) New records: Montenegro: Danilovgrad, limnocrene spring “Modro Oko” near village Braćani, stream beneath lake, sand, plants, 42°28'53.3"N 19°07'40.4"E, 29.ix.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (2/10/2); Bar, Skadar Lake area, Virpazar, limnocrene, Mentha sp., Schoenoplectus sp., Phragmites australis, 0.7 m depth, 42°15'02.9"N 19°05'59.8"E, 2.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0); Skadar Lake near Cetinje, Karuč, Nuphar luteum, Myriophyllum sp., 2 m depth, 42°21'31.1"N 19°06'22.8"E, 28.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0). Albania: Gashaj, river, 0.2 m depth, 42°16'17.02"N 19°23'34.02"E, 30.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0); Skadar Lake near Gashaj, Syri and Sheganit spring, limnocrene, mud, 0.5 m depth, 42°16'30.4"N 19°23'42.9"E, 07.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0). Published records: Montenegro: Bańkowska et al. (2016). Remarks: New for Albania. Distribution: Western Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Bankowska, A., Klosowska, M., Gadawski, P., Michonski, G., Grabowski, M., Pesic, V. & Zawal, A. (2016) Oviposition by selected water mite (Hydrachnidia) species from Lake Skadar and its catchment. Biologia, 71 (9), 1027 - 1033. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / biolog- 2016 - 0126"]}

Tiphys latipes (Müller, 1776) New records: Macedonia: Ohrid Lake near Struga, Phragmites australis, 0.7 m depth, 41°10'25.5"N 20°40'34.4"E, 23.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (2/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Ohrid, rocks, 0.5 m depth, 41°6'10.79"N 20°48'23.53"E, 27.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011). Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona conglobata (Koch, 1836) New records: Macedonia: small reservoir near Podgoricko Lake, near border with Albania (near Shebenik- Jabllanicë National Park), 41°15'31.64"N 20°31'22.15"E, 30.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (4/0/0); ibid., Carex sp., 30.vi.2009 (13/0/0); Struga, Ohrid Lake, Typha angustifolia, 41°10'25.5"N 20°40'34.4"E, 23.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011); Zawal et al. (2011). Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona obturbans (Piersig, 1896) New records: Albania, forest pond at Karavasta, 10.vi.1996 Tempelman (18/3/0). Remarks: New for Albania. Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona imminuta (Piersig, 1897) New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake near Donji Murici, 6 m depth, 42°12'08.8"N 19°12'34,4"E, 02.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (0/3/4). Distribution: Europe., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Piona stjoerdalensis (Thor, 1897) New records: Montenegro: Bar, Skadar Lake near Donja Seoca, Raduš, 3 m depth, 42°13'39.65"N 19°09'48.82"E, 23.vii.2015 Bańkowska, Michoński, Kłosowska (0/1/0). Remarks: New for Montenegro. Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Pionopsis lutescens (Hermann, 1804) New records: Montenegro: Danilovgrad, limnocrene spring “ Modro Oko ” near village Braćani, sand, elodeids, 1 m depth, 42°28'53.3"N 19°07'40.4"E, 29.ix.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/2). Macedonia: Ohrid Lake near Struga, elodeids, 0.5 m depth, 41°10'25.5"N 20°40'34.4"E, 23.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Ohrid, gravel, 0.5 m depth, 41°6'10.79"N 20°48'23.53"E, 1.vii.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid, small reservoir near Hydrobiological Institute, 41°6'4.82"N 20°48'50.73"E, 1.vii.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (5/0/0). Published records: Macedonia: Dzierzgowska et al. (2011). Distribution: Holarctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Forelia (Forelia) variegator (Koch, 1837) New records: Montenegro: Podgorica, Skadar Lake area, Drume, spring near Vitoja River, Mentha sp., sand, 0.5 m depth, 42°19'32.5"N 19°21'45.9"E, 27.iv.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/0/1); ibid., Nuphar luteum, 1 m depth, 05.x.2014 (6/6/5). Macedonia: Ohrid Lake, shore near Hydrobiological Institute in Orhrid, 41°6'10.33"N 20°48'23.88"E, 24.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Hotel Astor, gravel, 0.5 m depth, 41°6'7.08"N 20°48'21.2"E, 24.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Sveti Naum, Phragmites australis, sand, 0.7 m depth, 40°54'50.52"N 20°44'29.99"E, 19.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (2/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Gorica, gravel, 0,5 m depth, 41°5'5.39"N 20°47'45.73"E, 18.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Gorica, Potamogeton sp., Myriophyllum sp., 2 m depth, 41°5'5.39"N 20°47'45.73"E, 18.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (8/0/0); Ohrid Lake near Struga, 0.5 m depth, 41°10'25.5"N 20°40'34.4"E, 23.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0); Ohrid, small reservoir near Hydrobiological Institute, 41°6'4.82"N 20°48'50.73"E, 1.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (2/0/0); Ohrid Lake areas, Sveti Naum, spring, 40°54'50.52"N 20°44'29.99"E, 19.vi.2009 Zawal, Stojanovski (1/0/0). Albania: Skadar Lake near Gashaj, Syri and Sheganit spring, sublacustrine spring, elodeids, stones, 1 m depth, 42°16'30.4"N 19°23'42.9"E, 07.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/1). Published records: Macedonia: Zawal et al. (2011), Dzierzgowska et al. (2011); Bulgaria: Lyubomirova (2017). Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on page 173, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596, {"references":["Lyubomirova, L. (2017) New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Iskar River Valley, Bulgaria. ZooNotes, 103, 1 - 4. Ozkan, M. & Boyaci, Y. O. (1992) Turkiye'den yeni bir Trichothyas Viets, 1936 (Thyasidae Hydrachnellae, Acari) turu. Doga-Turkish Journal of Zoology, 16, 395 - 404."]}

Piona rotundoides (Thor, 1897) New records: Montenegro: Nikšić, Rastovac, limnocrene, Batrachium sp., 42°49'28.87"N 18°54'56.91"E, 03.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (14/0/0); Danilovgrad, limnocrene spring “Modro Oko” near village Braćani, stream beside lake, sand, plants, 42°28'53.3"N 19°07'40.4"E, 28.ix.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (0/1/0); Bar, Skadar Lake near Krnjice, 3.5 m depth, 42 13'14.5"N 19 12'25.5"E, 08.v.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (7/13/0). Albania: Skadar Lake near Gashaj, Syri and Sheganit spring, limnocrene, mud, 0.5 m depth, 42°16'17.02"N 19°23'34.02"E, 07.x.2014 Zawal, Bańkowska (1/0/0); ibid., Schoenoplectus sp., Batrachium sp., stones, 1 m depth, 01.v.2014 (0/1/ 0). Remarks: New for Montenegro and Albania. Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Bańkowska, Aleksandra, Goldschmidt, Tom, Grabowski, Michał, Michoński, Grzegorz & Zawal, Andrzej, 2018, Supplement to the Checklist of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Balkan peninsula, pp. 151-184 in Zootaxa 4394 (2) on pages 175-176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1197596

Smit, Harry (2017): New records of water mites from standing waters in Thailand, with the description of nine new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia). Zootaxa 4312 (1): 69-91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.3

Piona cf flagellifera Lundblad, 1969 Material examined. 0/1/0, rice field, Yasothon Province, Thailand, 15° 44.688ʹ N, 104° 13.244ʹ E, 24-x-2010. Remarks. Piona flagellifera was described from Burma. Only female was found in our study. As the most characteristics are recognized in males, our assignment to this species is uncertain.

Piona oryza n. sp. (Fig. 7) Material examined. Holotype female, rice field, Yasothon Province, Thailand, 15° 44.688ʹ N, 104° 13.244ʹ E, 24- x-2010 (RMNH). Paratype: One female, rice field, Amnat Chareon Province, 25-x-2010 (RMNH); one female, Rice field, Sisaket Province, 14° 59ʹ 28.4ʺ N, 104° 22ʹ 56.7ʺ E, 5-x-2010 (RMNH). Diagnosis. Genital field with one small platelet with 2–3 acetabula, located anteriorly to posterior two plates. The latter consisting of one plate with 7–9 acetabula and one with 20 acetabula. P4 with small setal tubercles. Description. Female: Idiosoma; dorsal length 1045 (884–1025); width 810 (784–810). Posterior margin of fourth coxae slightly concave. Medial margin of fourth coxal plates as long as medial margin of third coxal plates. Genital field 454 (445) wide, sloping posteriorly (slope approx. 45°) with acetabula on weakly developed and fragmented platelets that are variable in shape and extending beyond the gonopore (fig 7A); one small platelet with (3–4) acetabula located anterior to two major posterior platelets (fig 7A); one posterior platelet with 7–9 acetabula, the other with 19 acetabula curved around an enlarged central acetabulum. Gonopore 186 (156) long. Pre-genital sclerite sickle-shaped, post-genital sclerite rectangular. Length of P1-5: 49, 219, 109, 186, 77. Ventral margin of P2 rugose and slightly convex, P4 stocky with small setal tubercles. Length of I-leg-4–6: 186, 194, 162. Length of IVleg-4–6: 235, 259, 211. Etymology. Named for its occurrence in rice fields. Remarks. The left and right large acetabular plates of the holotype differ, one being more fragmented. However, in the paratype both genital plates are similar, and are like the left genital plate of the holotype. The new species is similar to P. dadayi (Piersig, 1900), but differs in a less slender palp, and sloping posterior genital plates that extend well beyond the gonopore. Piona platyura Jin & Guo, 1992 has somewhat similarly shaped genital plates, but the small anterior platelet is fused to the posterior platelet, and P4 has a large ventral extension which is absent in the new species., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2017, New records of water mites from standing waters in Thailand, with the description of nine new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 69-91 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on pages 81-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/852086

Piona dadayi (Piersig, 1900) Material examined. 1/0/0, rice field, Ubon Ratchathani Province, 24-x-2010, 15° 32.347ʹ N, 104° 26.052ʹ E. Remarks. The species was previously known from Sri Lanka, India and Burma. It is reported here for the first time from Thailand., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2017, New records of water mites from standing waters in Thailand, with the description of nine new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 69-91 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on pages 79-81, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/852086

Twenty-one species of water mites (Acari, Hydrachnidia) were collected in 2015 during a hydrobiological survey conducted by Burkhard Scharf in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Twelve taxa new to science are described, representing the families Torrenticolidae (Torrenticola laosensis n. sp.), Limnesiidae (Limnesia scharfi n. sp.), Hygrobatidae (Vietnobates oryzae n. gen., n. sp.), Pionidae (Schwoerbelia pioniformis n. gen., n. sp., Forelia gereckei n. sp.), Aturidae (Hexaxonopsis laosensis n. sp., H. cambodiensis n. sp., H. angkoriensis n. sp., Javalbia vietnamica n. sp., Sinaxonopsis laosensis n. sp.), Athienemanniidae (Africasia purpurea n. sp.) and Arrenuridae (Arrenurus contortus n. sp.).

The following new species are described from the Indonesia part of New Guinea: Oxus litoralis, O. reticulatus, Limnesia longiseta, L. papuensis, L. pseudopatens, Procorticacarus minutus, Australiobates hyalinus, A. setosus, A. sylvestris and Arrenurus basegensis. The following new species are reported for the fauna of New Guinea, i.e. Limnochares australica Cook, 1986, Oxus orientalis Walter, 1915, Litarachna denhami (Lohmann, 1909) and Rhombognathus scutulatus Bartsch, 1983. Piona piersigi (Daday, 1900) is redescribed.

Piona alpicola (Neuman, 1880) Piona falcigera Koenike, 1905, nov. syn.; Piona brehmi Walter, 1910, nov. syn.; Piona dentipes Lundblad, 1962, nov. syn.; Piona trisetica bituberosa K. Viets, 1930, nov. syn. Material examined. Piona trisetica tuberosa: Holotype male, Ihl-See near Segeberg, Holstein, Germany, 24 -ix- 1924, leg. Lundbeck (slide 4023, coll. Viets, SMF). Piona dentipes: Holotype male, Lake Sautusj��rvi, Sweden, 10 - viii- 1917, leg. Lundblad (slide 5389, SMNH). Paratype female, same data as holotype (slide 5390, SMNH). Other material: male, Lake Jukkasj��rvi, Sweden, 10 -viii- 1917, leg. Lundblad (slide 5903, SMNH); 3 males, 2 females, lake Sautusj��rvi, Sweden, 10 -viii- 1917, leg Lundblad (tube, SMNH). Piona brehmi: male, female, S��dermanland, lake Kyrksj��n, Sweden, 31 -v- 1924, leg Lundblad (resp. slide 755, 756, SMNH); male, stream ��sterdal��lven near Idre, Dalarna, Sweden, 8 -viii- 1918, leg Lundblad (slide 5918, SMNH); female. Lundblad (1962) described Piona dentipes based on the different claw of III-L- 6. This claw is straight and pointed in P. dentipes, in P. alpicola it is curved and narrowed distally. However, Lundblad (1962) did not illustrate III-L- 6 of P. al picol a correctly, and the shape is dependant on the position of this leg segment. In fact it is bifurcated, but usually from a lateral view only one claw can be seen well. The shapes of the palps of the two species are similar. Lundblad (1962) illustrated the medial side of the right palp, with the distal setae of P- 5 rather small, and P- 4 with three distinct setal tubercles and one less distinct setal tubercle. In lateral view the left palp has four distinct setal tubercles, and P- 5 with distinct distal setae (as in P. alpicola). The female of P. dentipes is similar to the female of P. alpicola, with a semi-circular pre-genital sclerite. Therefore we conclude that the two species are conspecific. Piona brehmi has a similar III-L- 6 as P. alpicola, and should therefore also be synonymized with that species. Lundblad (1962) synonymized P. trisetica tuberosa with P. brehmi (which we agree upon), but as the latter is now a synonym of P. alpicola, also the former is a synonym of P. alpicola., Published as part of Smit, Harry, Gerecke, Reinhard, Pe��i��, Vladimir & Gledhill, Terence, 2015, On the taxonomic state of water mite taxa (Acari: Hydrachnidia) described from the Palaearctic, part 3, Hygrobatoidea and Arrenuroidea with new faunistic data, pp. 542-552 in Zootaxa 3981 (4) on pages 549-550, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3981.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/242595

Piona sejugata K.O. Viets, 1953 Species incerta. Since the original description of the species, it has only been reported from the Netherlands (Davids 1979, Smit & Van der Hammen 2000). After studying the holotype, it must be concluded that the description of the species is based on an aberrant, intersexual specimen. The third leg of the male holotype lacks the grasping sixth segment, but instead this segment is just bowed. The species should therefore be considered a monstrosity. The description of the female matches the description of P. alpicola., Published as part of Smit, Harry, Gerecke, Reinhard, Pe��i��, Vladimir & Gledhill, Terence, 2015, On the taxonomic state of water mite taxa (Acari: Hydrachnidia) described from the Palaearctic, part 3, Hygrobatoidea and Arrenuroidea with new faunistic data, pp. 542-552 in Zootaxa 3981 (4) on page 549, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3981.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/242595, {"references":["Davids, C. (1979) De Watermijten (Hydrachnellae) van Nederland. Levenswijze en voorkomen. Wetenschappelijke mededelingen van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 132, 1 - 78.","Smit, H. & Van der Hammen, H. (2000) Atlas van de Nederlandse watermijten. Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 13, 1 - 272. [in Dutch, with English summaries]"]}

Genus Pionides Thor, 1901 Tiphys (Pionides): Cook, 1974 a, p. 282, fig. 1199. Pionides: Smith, 1976, pp. 46, 90, 92. Tiphys (Pionides): Wainstein, 1980, pp. 196, 198, figs. 668���675. Diagnosis. Larva: (modified from Wainstein 1980). Character states of the subfamily Tiphyinae. Third coxal plate with transverse muscle attachment scar present. Excretory pore plate nearly circular with setae ps 1 well anterior to setae ps 2; excretory pore sessile. Adults (modified from Smith 1976): Character states of subfamily Tiphyinae. Fourth coxal plates with large, anteriorly concave projections covering insertions of fourth legs. Pedipalp with segments relatively long and slender and with tibia bearing a long, blade-like seta distomedially on a moderately prominent projection. Genital field bearing three pairs of acetabula. Males with genital acetabula relatively close together and borne on triangular acetabular plates that are fused posterior to gonopore but separate anterior to gonopore, and do not extend laterally beyond posteromedial angles of fourth coxal plates; second leg with tibia lacking two spatulate setae distoventrally and fourth leg with genu bearing a long, curved, blade-like seta distodorsally but with other segments not expanded and with setae not highly modified. Females with genital acetabula relatively widely separated from one another and borne on triangular acetabular plates and with second and third acetabula on each side not forming a row near posterior edge of plate that is nearly at right angles to long axis of idiosoma. Type species. Piona ensifer Koenike. Species included. Pionides ensifer (Koenike) (Europe) (monobasic). Distribution: Europe. Discussion. Cook (1974 a) treated Pionides as a subgenus of Tiphys. Smith (1976) elevated Pionides to full generic rank and we follow that treatment here., Published as part of Smith, Ian M., Cook, David R. & Gerecke, Reinhard, 2015, Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae), pp. 111-156 in Zootaxa 3919 (1) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/244587, {"references":["Cook, D. R. (1974 a) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 21, 1 - 860.","Smith, I. M. (1976) A study of the systematics of the water mite family Pionidae (Prostigmata: Parasitengona). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 98, 1 - 249.","Wainstein, B. A. (1980) Opredelitel licinok vodjanych klescej. Institut Biologii Vnutrennikh Vod., Nauka, 1 - 238."]}

Genus Madawaska Habeeb, 1954 stat. nov. Forelia (Madawaska): Cook, 1974 a, pp. 287���288, figs. 1214���1218. Forelia (in part): Smith, 1976, pp. 28 ���29, 79, 81, 92, figs. 21, 22. Forelia (in part): Smith & Cook, 1991, pp. 554, 576, 578. Forelia (in part): Smith et al., 2001, pp. 581, 612, 615. Forelia (in part): Smith et al., 2010, pp. 524, 553, 556. Diagnosis. Larva (modified from Smith 1976): Character states of the subfamily Foreliinae. Lateral coxal apodeme nearly transverse. Third coxal plate with medial coxal apodeme present and transverse muscle attachment scar very small or absent. Excretory pore plate much larger than excretory pore and roughly circular in shape with setae ps 1 slightly anterior to setae ps 2. Numbers of setae on leg segments as follows: IITi 11 (setae Ti 12 and Ti 13 present); IIITr 1; IIITi 11 (setae Ti 12 and Ti 13 present). Adults (modified from Smith 1976): Character states of subfamily Foreliinae. Idiosoma with dorsal integument mostly soft and bearing only tiny platelets associated with glandularia and idiosomal setae. Venter with coxal plates and genital field incorporated into a ventral shield in males, but surrounded by soft integument bearing only tiny sclerites associated with glandularia and idiosomal setae in females. First coxal group with apodemes elongated. Fourth coxal plate with medial edge short but not reduced to angle in males, reduced to highly acute angle in females. Genital field with five to seven relatively large acetabula per side borne on tongue���shaped acetabular plates that surround gonopore in males and flank gonopore in females, and that extend laterally to but not beyond posterolateral angles of fourth coxal plates. Pedipalp segments relatively short and stocky, with tibia bearing two slender setae on a small projection ventrally and a sessile, peg-like seta distomedially. Male third leg with tarsus bearing reduced claw sockets that are terminal in position and small but only slightly modified claws; fourth leg with genu short, slightly expanded, and bearing patches of thick, blade-like setae both at the base of and on a prominent distoventral projection, tibia relatively long and slender, tarsus curved dorsally, bearing a patch of thick, peg-like setae only in region proximal to deepest part of curved portion, and bearing thick, highly modified claws. Type species. Madawaska borealis Habeeb. Species included. Madawaska borealis Habeeb (eastern North America) (monobasic). Distribution. Eastern North America. Discussion. Cook (1974 a) treated Madawaska as a subgenus of Forelia. Smith (1976) recognized the borealis group as a distinct clade, but at that time questioned the merit of retaining Madawaska as a subgenus of the genus Forelia noting that the nominate subgenus was apparently not monophyletic and in need of further revision. Here we propose elevation of Madawaska to full generic rank based upon the apomorphic condition of the distal segments of the fourth leg in males and the unique configuration of the genital field in both sexes. Larvae of Madawaska borealis exhibit some suggestive apomorphic similarities to those of some, but not all, species of the genus Forelia (Smith 1976). The modifications to the distal segments of the fourth leg of males of M. borealis are more similar to those found in males of the genus Pionacercopsis (see below) than to those found in males of Forelia. Further resolution of the phylogenetic relationships between Madawaska and members of other foreliine genera may be possible when adults and larvae of additional species have been described., Published as part of Smith, Ian M., Cook, David R. & Gerecke, Reinhard, 2015, Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae), pp. 111-156 in Zootaxa 3919 (1) on page 117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/244587, {"references":["Cook, D. R. (1974 a) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 21, 1 - 860.","Smith, I. M. (1976) A study of the systematics of the water mite family Pionidae (Prostigmata: Parasitengona). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 98, 1 - 249.","Smith, I. M. & Cook, D. R. (1991) Water mites. Chapter 16. In: Thorp, J. & Covich, A. (Eds.), Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 523 - 592. [total page number 911 pp.]","Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Smith, B. P. (2001) Water mites and other arachnids. Chapter 16. In: Thorpe, J. & Covich, A. (Eds.), Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. 2 nd Edition. Academic Press, Waltham, Massachusetts, pp. 551 - 659. [1056 pp.] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 012690647 - 9 / 50017 - X","Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Smith, B. P. (2010) Water mites and other arachnids. Chapter 15. In: Thorpe, J. & Covich, A. (Eds.), Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. 3 rd Edition. Academic Press, Waltham, Massachusetts, pp. 485 - 586. [total page number: 1021 pp.] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 374855 - 3.00015 - 7"]}

Genus Pionopsis Piersig, 1894 Pionopsis (in part): Cook, 1974 a, pp. 283, 284, figs. 1183���1185. Pionopsis: Smith, 1976, pp. 46 ���47, 83���85, 90, 92. Tiphys (in part): Wainstein, 1980, pp. 194���195, figs. 654���660. Pionopsis: Smith & Cook, 1991, pp. 554, 579. Pionopsis: Smith et al., 2001, pp. 582, 615, fig. 334. Pionopsis: Smith et al., 2010, pp. 524, 556, fig. 15.335. Diagnosis. Larva: (modified from Wainstein 1980). Character states of the subfamily Tiphyinae. Third coxal plate with transverse muscle attachment scar present. Excretory pore plate nearly circular with setae ps 1 well anterior to setae ps 2; excretory pore sessile. Adults (modified from Smith 1976): Character states of subfamily Tiphyinae. Fourth coxal plates with large, anteriorly concave projections covering insertions of fourth legs. Pedipalp with segments relatively long and slender and with tibia bearing a long, blade-like seta distomedially on a moderately prominent projection. Genital field bearing three pairs of acetabula. Males with genital acetabula relatively close together and borne on triangular acetabular plates that are fused posterior to gonopore but separate anterior to gonopore, and do not extend laterally beyond posteromedial angles of fourth coxal plates; second leg with tibia lacking two spatulate setae distoventrally; fourth leg with genu slightly expanded and bearing three thick swimming setae distoposteriorly, tibia slightly expanded and bearing a row of closely-spaced thickened setae posteriorly and a bulbous seta distoposteriorly. Females with genital acetabula relatively widely separated from one another and borne on triangular acetabular plates, and with second and third acetabula on each side not forming a row near posterior edge of plate that is nearly at right angles to long axis of idiosoma. Type species. Hydrachna lutescens Hermann. Species included. Pionopsis lutescens (Hermann) (Europe), P. fragilis Habeeb (North America), P. japonensis Imamura (Japan), P. latilamellis Marshall (western North America), P. paludis Habeeb (eastern North America). Distribution. Holarctic (Eurasia, North America). Discussion. Cook (1974 a) treated Pionopsis as a genus that included Neotiphys as a subgenus. Smith (1976) considered Pionopsis and Neotiphys to be separate genera and this treatment was followed by Smith & Cook (1991), Smith et al. (2001, 2010), and by us here., Published as part of Smith, Ian M., Cook, David R. & Gerecke, Reinhard, 2015, Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae), pp. 111-156 in Zootaxa 3919 (1) on pages 126-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/244587, {"references":["Cook, D. R. (1974 a) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 21, 1 - 860.","Smith, I. M. (1976) A study of the systematics of the water mite family Pionidae (Prostigmata: Parasitengona). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 98, 1 - 249.","Wainstein, B. A. (1980) Opredelitel licinok vodjanych klescej. Institut Biologii Vnutrennikh Vod., Nauka, 1 - 238.","Smith, I. M. & Cook, D. R. (1991) Water mites. Chapter 16. In: Thorp, J. & Covich, A. (Eds.), Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 523 - 592. [total page number 911 pp.]","Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Smith, B. P. (2001) Water mites and other arachnids. Chapter 16. In: Thorpe, J. & Covich, A. (Eds.), Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. 2 nd Edition. Academic Press, Waltham, Massachusetts, pp. 551 - 659. [1056 pp.] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 012690647 - 9 / 50017 - X","Smith, I. M., Cook, D. R. & Smith, B. P. (2010) Water mites and other arachnids. Chapter 15. In: Thorpe, J. & Covich, A. (Eds.), Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. 3 rd Edition. Academic Press, Waltham, Massachusetts, pp. 485 - 586. [total page number: 1021 pp.] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 374855 - 3.00015 - 7"]}