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A recent study conducted by the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Indonesia focused on investigating the role of E-selectin and P-selectin levels in Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) patients. The study found a strong correlation between E-selectin and P-selectin levels in all subjects, with no significant differences between hypercoagulation and non-hypercoagulation groups. The research suggests that assessing E-selectin and P-selectin levels could potentially aid in the diagnostic strategy for NAION and prompt consideration for anticoagulants as a treatment option. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul explored the association between blood biomarkers of vascular endothelial dysfunction and brain glucose metabolism in individuals with long-COVID. The research found that molecules expressed in the endothelium, such as P-selectin, E-selectin, and VEGF-A, may be linked to conditions like brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases in long-COVID patients. The study used brain imaging techniques and plasma samples to identify potential associations between biomarkers and brain function, highlighting the need for further research to fully understand these relationships. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, have developed a fusion protein called SSL5-AnxA5 based on scRNA-Seq data from atherosclerotic plaques. This protein prevents the binding of apoptotic endothelial cells, platelets, and inflammatory cells, which are key factors in arterial obstruction after plaque rupture. The research suggests that SSL5-AnxA5 has potential as a protective agent against local inflammation in arterial tissues, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic interventions related to PSGL1. The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Key Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers have submitted a patent application for the treatment of cancer by inhibiting P-selectin, a protein involved in cancer progression. The method aims to decrease the activity of P-selectin to treat brain metastasized cancers, glioblastoma, and other types of cancer. The application includes details on the use of specific agents and immunomodulatory antibodies to target P-selectin and improve cancer treatment outcomes. This research offers potential advancements in cancer therapy, particularly for challenging cases like brain metastases and glioblastoma. [Extracted from the article]

A patent was issued to George Mason University for a method involving the incorporation of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) into virions to inhibit enveloped virus binding to target cells. The method involves expressing PSGL-1 in virus-producing cells, resulting in non-infectious virions. PSGL-1 has shown potential in inactivating Human Immunodeficiency Viruses 1 (HIV-1) and murine leukemia virus (MLV) viruses. This research has implications for inhibiting viral infections in vitro and in vivo. [Extracted from the article]

A patent was issued for methods to mobilize stem cells by administering soluble P-selectin to enhance stem cell trafficking for therapeutic applications. The patent, assigned to Tzu Chi University, focuses on the potential of hematopoietic stem cells in tissue repair, regeneration, and revascularization. The invention aims to improve treatments for various pathologies by mobilizing stem cells effectively. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Udayana University in Bali, Indonesia, focused on the risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in malignancy patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. The research highlighted that high levels of soluble P-selectin and neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) were identified as risk factors for DVT, while myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels did not show a significant association. The study emphasized the role of immunothrombosis induced by endothelial injury and activation of monocytes and neutrophils in the pathophysiology of DVT in these patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Fudan University in Shanghai, China, have conducted a study on heart failure, focusing on the role of circulating mitochondria in promoting neuroinflammation and sympathoexcitation in the subfornical organ of rats with heart failure. The study found that circulating mitochondria carrying cGAS target PLA2G2A in endothelial cells, leading to central sympathetic overdrive. Inhibiting cGAS in circulating mitochondria may offer a potential treatment for central sympathetic overdrive in heart failure. The research was published in the International Immunopharmacology journal and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a new platform using polymeric nanoparticles to deliver drug pairs to specific cancer types, such as skin cancer and breast cancer. This innovative technology allows both drugs to reach the tumor site simultaneously, enhancing their therapeutic effects and safety profiles. The study, published in Science Advances, demonstrated that the nanoparticle treatment significantly reduced tumor size, extended the lifespan of mice, and showed promise in treating various primary tumors and metastases expressing the P-selectin protein. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Emory University School of Medicine focused on hyperalgesia in sickle cell disease (SCD) mice. The research aimed to reduce hypoxia-induced pain behaviors in Townes SCD mice using IHP-102, a glycan-based therapeutic. The study found that IHP-102 acutely reduced cold hyperalgesia behaviors in SCD mice, suggesting its potential as a non-opioid treatment option for SCD-related pain management. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy of repeated dosing and the possibility of at-home pain management for SCD patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Central University of Tamil Nadu in India explored the programmed cell necrosis in platelets of Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP) patients. The research found that ITP platelets exhibit increased intracellular calcium levels and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating a distinct pathway of cell death. The study also observed elevated expression of a necrotic protein, pRIP3, while pro-apoptotic protein levels remained unchanged, suggesting programmed cell necrosis in ITP platelets. The research was approved by the Institutional Human Ethics Committee and received informed consent from all participants. [Extracted from the article]

The article from Women's Health Weekly discusses recent research from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University on the role of coagulation factor II thrombin receptor (F2R) as a potential biomarker in breast cancer management. The study found a significant upregulation of F2R in breast cancer, which was associated with a more favorable prognosis and strong correlations with key clinical parameters. The research highlights the potential of F2R as a valuable biomarker in breast cancer, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Alabama at Birmingham compared the real-world performance of the platelet factor 4 (PF4)-dependent P-selectin (PS) expression assay (PEA) and the serotonin release assay (SRA) for diagnosing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). The research found that the PEA, as a first-line functional assay, showed comparable accuracy to the SRA in diagnosing HIT. In cases where the first-line assay was inconclusive, a second functional assay helped confirm or refute the diagnosis of HIT. However, discordant results between the two assays can occur, emphasizing the importance of clinical judgment and other diagnostic tools in diagnosing HIT. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory in Montreal, Canada, have reported findings on platelet membrane glycoproteins and their role in hyperinflammation. The study highlights the potential of sialyl Lewis(x) glycomimetics as E- and P-selectin antagonists to target systemic inflammatory response syndrome. This research, funded by various organizations including the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, offers promising leads for managing hyperinflammation and immune dysfunction. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, providing valuable insights into potential immunomodulators for controlling inflammatory disorders. [Extracted from the article]

Research from the Medical University of Gdansk explores the relationship between cutaneous microcirculation reactivity and specific adhesion molecules in young patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes. The study found that soluble P-selectin levels were significantly higher in patients with non-reactive cutaneous microcirculation, suggesting it may serve as an immunological marker for early endothelial dysfunction in young type 1 diabetes patients. The findings indicate a potential new indicator for cutaneous abnormalities in type 1 diabetes patients without classical complications. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) conducted a study on sickle cell anemia, focusing on the effects of targeting P-selectin and interleukin-1b in mice with the disease. The research found that blocking P-selectin and IL-1b improved microvascular perfusion, reduced vaso-occlusive events, and mitigated organ damage in the mice. The study suggests that reducing inflammation and vaso-occlusive processes may be crucial in preventing multiorgan damage in patients with sickle cell disease. Future trials should explore the potential of cytokine blockade in this regard. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Alabama Birmingham conducted a study on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and efficacy of crizanlizumab in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The study found that crizanlizumab demonstrated sustained P-selectin inhibition, a tolerable safety profile, and a reduction in vaso-occlusive crises leading to healthcare visits. This suggests that crizanlizumab could be a beneficial treatment option for SCD patients who have experienced vaso-occlusive crises. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, have developed a mass spectrometric-based workflow to identify and quantify a P-selectin antagonist, GSnP-6, with a linear 10 kDa PEG attached. This modification improved the pharmacological properties of the glycopeptide, extending its half-life while preserving its inhibitory capacity. The study suggests that PEG conjugation of a P-selectin glycopeptide antagonist could be a promising therapeutic strategy for diseases associated with inflammatory processes. For more information, the research article can be found in RSC Advances, and the lead researcher is Elliot L. Chaikof from Harvard Medical School. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Tzu Chi University in Taiwan have conducted a study on liposomes for targeted drug delivery to dying cells in liver injury models. The study identified P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) as a marker for dying cells, allowing for selective drug delivery. Results showed that P-selectin-conjugated liposomes had significantly greater binding efficiency to dying cells, enhancing drug delivery by approximately 100-fold in mice. This research suggests that P-selectin-based liposomes could be a promising strategy for targeted drug delivery to dying cells, potentially improving diagnosis and treatment outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Ottawa have developed a new contrast agent, made from gold superclusters, to enhance intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT) imaging for diagnosing heart conditions. The gold superclusters, created by Associate Professor Adam J. Shuhendler, improve light scattering for clearer imaging and can be customized for specific applications. This breakthrough could lead to more personalized heart disease treatments by providing detailed molecular information without changing existing IV-OCT procedures, offering new opportunities for early detection and personalized treatment of heart conditions. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil conducted a study on Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) to explore the role of purinergic signaling pathways in platelet activation. The study found that platelets from APS patients exhibit resistance to platelet inhibition through the adenosine pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic option to control hypercoagulability in APS. The research involved evaluating platelet aggregation and activity in APS patients compared to healthy controls, highlighting the importance of adenosine receptors in regulating platelet function. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying APS and potential treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil conducted a study on the association between Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) and thrombosis in Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). They found that EVs expressing antigens related to platelet and endothelial cell activation were associated with thrombosis in APS. The study also highlighted a correlation between EV levels and inflammatory markers, indicating the involvement of EVs in the interaction between inflammation and thrombosis in APS. This research provides valuable insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of thrombotic complications in APS. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the University of Ioannina in Greece examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on platelet inhibition by antiplatelet drugs in vitro. The study found that both docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) displayed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by various agonists. The researchers also observed that DHA improved the inhibitory activity of aspirin and triflusal, while EPA enhanced the inhibitory effect of aspirin and ticagrelor. However, the combination of omega-3 fatty acids with antiplatelet drugs did not result in enhanced inhibitory activity compared to the individual effects of each component. The study concluded that omega-3 fatty acids can inhibit platelet aggregation but do not affect P-selectin expression induced by ADP or TRAP-6. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Nankai University in Tianjin, China, has developed a new approach for repairing vascular injuries using nanovesicles derived from apoptotic rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rASCs). These nanovesicles, called ApoNVs, exhibit anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative properties, promoting the polarization of macrophages and the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. The researchers also engineered the nanovesicles with a P-selectin binding peptide, which significantly increased their ability to target injured arteries. In a rat model, the engineered nanovesicles effectively suppressed inflammation and reduced blood flow velocity and neointimal hyperplasia at the injury site. This study suggests that ApoNVs could be a promising approach for repairing vascular injuries and treating other inflammatory diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Kahramanmaras, Turkey, examined the serum levels of selectins (E, L, P) and platelet-endothelial adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to healthy controls. The study found that the levels of L-selectin and PECAM-1 were significantly lower in the ASD group. Additionally, there was a correlation between selectin levels and certain behaviors associated with ASD. The research suggests that L-selectin, P-selectin, and PECAM-1 may play a role in the pathophysiology of ASD. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in China investigated the role of P-selectin and Clara cell secretory protein 16 (CC16) in severe adenovirus (ADV) pneumonia in children. The study included 51 children with ADV pneumonia and a control group of healthy children. The results showed that P-selectin and CC16 levels were correlated with the severity of ADV pneumonia in children, with high levels of P-selectin and low levels of CC16 predicting severe ADV pneumonia. This research provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis and prediction of severe ADV pneumonia in children. [Extracted from the article]

New research conducted by Alma Mater Studiorum University in Bologna, Italy, highlights potential therapeutic targets for myelofibrosis, a severe form of myeloproliferative neoplasms. The study found that combination therapies may be necessary for effective treatment, as drugs that were effective in pre-clinical settings had limited efficacy in clinical trials. The researchers compared the effectiveness of various drugs in an animal model and found that the JAK1/2 inhibitor Ruxolitinib decreased spleen size, while other drugs targeting abnormalities such as p27kip1, TGF-b, P-selectin, and CXCL1 showed different effects on platelet counts, fibrosis, and microvessel density. The study suggests that future therapies for myelofibrosis should consider combining JAK1/2 inhibitors with drugs targeting hematopoietic stem cells or the pro-inflammatory milieu. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences examined the effects of an obesogenic diet on platelet activation in male mice. The researchers found that a Western diet, high in fat and sugar, led to reduced expression of certain platelet membrane glycoproteins, specifically GPIba and aIIbb3. However, levels of P-selectin, another glycoprotein, were unaffected. These findings suggest that diet can influence platelet activation and may have implications for cardiovascular health. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between diet, platelet function, and cardiovascular disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Henan University of Chinese Medicine explores the role of cell adhesion molecules in cerebral ischemic injury. The study focuses on the impact of P-selectin and its ligand, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), on the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in ischemic brain tissue. The researchers found that inhibiting P-selectin and PSGL-1 reduces the production of NETs, suggesting that targeting these molecules could be a potential therapeutic approach for cerebral ischemia. Further research is needed to investigate this avenue. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Treatment Regimens" has been published online by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The application discusses the use of an anti-P-selectin antibody called crizanlizumab in the treatment and prevention of P-selectin mediated disorders, specifically sickle cell pain crises. The inventors propose a dosage regime involving a loading phase followed by a maintenance phase to reduce the frequency of sickle cell pain crises. The invention suggests that blocking P-selectin could potentially reduce vaso-occlusion, inflammation, and associated symptoms. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the phenotypic transitions of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in atherosclerotic plaques and their role in fibrous cap formation. The study used single-cell RNA-sequencing to identify a disease-specific VSMC state associated with fibrous cap formation, characterized by the expression of contractile genes and extracellular matrix components. The researchers also identified protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) as a potential therapeutic target for promoting plaque stability by driving the transition to the fibrous cap-associated VSMC state. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted at Chaim Sheba Medical Center in Ramat-Gan, Israel, has found that the cell surface protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a type of brain tumor. The study examined the function and structure of intracellular microtubules (MT) and PAR1 in a tubulin-mediated process. The researchers discovered that exposure to thrombin, a blood clotting protein, increased cell proliferation and affected cell morphology. They also found that PAR1 is associated with microtubules and coagulation cascade proteins during cell division. These findings suggest that PAR1 is involved in microtubule dynamics. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland, explored the use of serum profiling of proinflammatory mediators in differentiating between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which are two main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The researchers found that certain biomarkers, including E-selectin, P-selectin, IL-1a, and IL-12p70, showed significant differences in levels between CD and UC patients. Additionally, the study identified a correlation between the concentration of CCL2 and TNF-a and disease activity in the UC group. These findings suggest the potential use of these biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of CD and UC, as well as in assessing and monitoring disease activity in UC. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has focused on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its impact on the treatment of brain tumors, specifically diffuse midline glioma (DMG). The researchers have developed a nanoparticle called fucoidan nanoparticle (Fi-NP) that targets P-selectin on tumor vasculature to breach the BBB and deliver targeted therapies. This approach has shown promise in improving survival rates and reducing systemic toxicities in non-CNS cancer xenograft models and mouse models of DMG. The researchers are now working towards evaluating this approach in clinical trials for children with DMG. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for targeted therapeutic lipid nanoparticles and methods of use. The invention aims to improve drug delivery to brain injured regions by using drug targeting with affinity moieties, such as antibodies, to increase drug concentration and selectivity for specific cell types. The composition includes a delivery vehicle, such as a liposome or lipid nanoparticle, conjugated to a targeting domain. This invention has potential applications in the treatment of stroke, neurological conditions, and other brain injuries. The patent application describes the composition and method of generating it, which involves preparing a lipid film, contacting it with therapeutic agents, hydrating the film to generate lipid vesicles, and conjugating the vesicles to a targeting antibody specific to endothelial markers of the vasculature. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint abstract discusses the use of molecular modeling to study the interaction between the protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) and its activator, thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 (TRAP6). The researchers employed an integrative modeling approach, combining deep learning models with a physics-based method, to predict the structure of the PAR1-TRAP6 complex. The predicted structures were found to be in good agreement with existing experimental data. This study provides valuable insights into the activation of PAR1 by TRAP6 and offers a starting point for further investigation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the Medical University of Vienna explores the role of P-selectin in thrombus resolution. Thrombosis, the formation of blood clots, is a significant health concern, and the resolution of these clots is crucial for restoring blood flow. The researchers aimed to modulate leukocyte function by blocking P-selectin-mediated cell interactions. Their findings suggest that inhibiting P-selectin can reduce the infiltration and activation of immune cells at the site of thrombus formation, leading to accelerated thrombus resolution. This research provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for venous thrombosis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) have conducted a study on allograft vasculopathy, a condition that affects heart transplant recipients. The study focused on the role of HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in promoting chronic inflammation and remodeling of the arterial intima, leading to thickening of the arteries. The researchers found that DSA-activated endothelium promotes the polarization of M2 macrophages, which secrete vascular remodeling proteins that contribute to the development of allograft vasculopathy. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of this condition. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered that microvesicles shed from stored packed red blood cells (pRBCs) during the storage process can lead to acute lung injury and pulmonary vascular microthrombi. These microvesicles stimulate the release of P-selectin and von Willebrand factor (vWF) from endothelial cells, and this mechanism is mediated through the activation of protein kinase C (PKC). The study suggests that inhibiting PKC could be a potential strategy to modulate the inflammatory response to resuscitation with stored pRBCs. The research was supported by the NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS). [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Zhaotong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in China investigated the effect of combining aspirin with clopidogrel on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and P-selectin levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The study analyzed the medical records of 198 ACS patients and found that the combination of aspirin and clopidogrel significantly reduced P-selectin, hs-CRP, interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels without worsening adverse reactions. The researchers concluded that further analysis is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of this combination treatment for ACS. [Extracted from the article]