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This paper presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the element interaction model in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). An analysis of the mathematical model and its numerical solution for the system of boundary device interactions in the traditional configuration of roadside unit (RSU) placement using single- and dual-channel connection between on-board units (OBU) and RSU is given. In addition, the model efficiency is improved using a clustering approach. The efficiency evaluation is based on calculating the percentage of unprocessed requests generated by OBUs during their mobility, the average power consumption and the magnitude of the delay in transmitting and processing the generated requests in the OBU–RSU system. The traditional and cluster models are compared. The results obtained in this paper show that each of the proposed models can be effectively implemented in mobile nodes and will significantly reduce the overall expected query processing time to improve the organization and algorithmic support of VANET. Along with this, it is shown that the developed approach allows for efficient power consumption when combining RSUs into clusters with a shared cache. The novelty of solving the problems is due to the lack of a comprehensive model that allows the distribution and prediction of the parameters and resources of the system for different computational tasks, which is essential when implementing and using V2X technology to solve the problems of complex management of VANET elements.

The study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the work activities of freelancers and the self-employed. The study is based on a conducted survey. A total of 1,157 respondents participated in the survey. The sample subjected to statistical analysis is N=469 people. The employed research methods include correlation and one-factor analysis of variance, as well as text analysis. The textual analysis method is used in determining the reasons behind an unwillingness to register as self-employed. Correlation analysis is used in assessing the impact of the pandemic on income and customer demand. Analysis of variance is deployed to compare subsamples of current freelancers and former freelancers. Analogies are drawn between the current findings and those of other researchers. The results of the study indicate that the main advantage of freelance work is the free schedule (83% of the respondents). Another appeal of freelancing is the lack of the need to go to the office (70%), the freedom to choose orders and customers (68%). Among the negative characteristics of freelancing is the instability of income (67%). In view of the freelancers themselves, the COVID-19 pandemic has had no major influence on their work. Specifically, 40% report that COVID-19 has not affected their work in any way.

The study develops an understanding of the environment for the functioning of the self-employed market and provides its current assessment. A model based on the theory of fuzzy sets is used to determine the level of stability of the functioning of the self-employed market in the Russian Federation, specifically through Mamdani fuzzy inference algorithms. The survey sample includes 12 experts, who responded to the survey questions (N = 22) voluntarily. Calculations for the study are performed in Matlab. The results obtained give evidence that the level of stability of the Russian self-employed market equals 0.5, which falls into the third interval of the five-level classification. This set is characterized by the following linguistic definition – the functioning of the market is stable, and its characteristics correspond to the “satisfactory (average)” level. This suggests that the market for the self-employed in the Russian Federation has fairly good potential for growth, as there are no signs of its slowdown.

Purpose. The study aims to study the synchronous dynamics of freelancers using various ways of communicating with customers and partners in a pandemic, its effect on their entrepreneurial success. Methods. The results of the survey were used as research material. N=469 people took part in the survey. We attracted respondents from the VK social network Telegram messenger and the electronic platform - the freelancer's exchange etxt.ru. We collected data through Google Forms then conducted a survey using the Survey Monkey service. Factor analysis (the method of factor selection: the method of principal components, the method of rotation – "Varimax" with Kaiser Normalization) acted as the primary research method. Findings. Two factors stood out because of the application of factor analysis. The first factor was the following communication methods: Text messages on social networks and messengers, Text messages via email, Audio messages on social networks, and messengers. The second factor included Video calls and Audio Calls – with a positive correlation coefficient and Personal meetings - with a negative correlation coefficient. It indicates that video calls and Audio Calls are similar, and Personal meetings have diametrically opposite characters. If we increase the intensity of using Video calls and Audio Calls, then the intensity of using Personal meetings decreases., Nordic Journal of Media Management, Årg. 2 Nr. 2 (2021)

The paper examines modern aspects of the digital transformation of society. The prerequisites of this phenomenon, its influence on the world’s development, and the Russian economy are revealed. The methodological aspects of digital transformation and its impact on the industrial sector, the service sector, including the banking sector, are considered in this study. The necessary development paths for a leading position, creating a domestic integral model of economic transformation through the reorientation of exports, are noted. The need for state support for the digitalization of the economy is highlighted. The problems that arise during the widespread digital transformation for the economic system and society are considered separately.

The author's approach to the design of professional training of future teachers of higher mathematics involves filling the content of training with academic disciplines, research work and industrial practice, which are associated with the formation of competencies from the Federal state educational standard of higher education in the direction of training 44.04.01 Pedagogical education (master's level) and labor actions from the Professional standard "Teacher of vocational training, vocational education and additional professional education". Training is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the principle of professional orientation and the Concept of development of mathematical education in the Russian Federation., El enfoque del autor para el diseño de la formación profesional de futuros profesores de matemáticas superiores implica llenar el contenido de la formación con disciplinas académicas, trabajos de investigación y práctica industrial, que están asociados con la formación de competencias a partir del estándar estatal federal de educación superior en dirección de formación 44.04.01 Educación pedagógica (nivel de maestría) y acciones laborales de la norma profesional "Profesor de formación profesional, educación profesional y educación profesional adicional". La formación se lleva a cabo de conformidad con los requisitos del principio de orientación profesional y el concepto de desarrollo de la educación matemática en la Federación de Rusia.

The paper contains an analysis of the market structure when the inferior process chain company supplies the superior company with input resources and at the same time is vertically integrated with one of the superior companies. The possible anticompetitive effects of such vertically integrated structures are analyzed as well as the influence of information flows between inferior and superior enterprises of the sector on drivers of innovation and national welfare. These issues are relevant, if important information, in particular, information technology, design and specific characteristics of the product is available to inferior and superior sector enterprises. This situation is typical for high-tech sectors in which the inferior and superior product information exchange needs ensuring compatibility of products and preventing the additional costs of adjustment and increased functionality. The problem of assessing the appropriateness of imposing a ban on various divisions of a vertically integrated company to exchange non-public information received by one of its divisions from external sources is important. In the case of such a restriction, the inferior organizational division of a vertically integrated company may use personal information of the superior competitor only within the powers of its supplier, and cannot make it public for its superior organizational division as an example. The aim of the research is to develop an economic and mathematical model of business struggle with a vertically integrated company in the market. The paper contains the hypotheses and supporting evidence., peer-reviewed