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The condition was studied of intermittent motility (IM) of the stomach and duodenal bulb in patients with duodenal ulcer in the preoperative period, six months later and 12 months after performing selective proximal vagotomy (n = 131, 103, and 83 respectively). All patients presented with disorders in their IM which were found to be dependent on their preoperative condition failing to reverse even 6 to 12 months after having the operation.

Experimental investigation of antibacterial properties of the threads of A mark, kapromed A and antimicrobal absorbable blends, and of their influence on bacterial contamination of the sutures and anastomoses zone was performed. Antimicrobal absorbable thread in conjunction with antimicrobal absorbable blend was applied in 116 patients while suturing and the anastomoses forming in peritonitis. It was established that this method is secure one for the sutures insufficiency prophylaxis.

A total of 39 patients with chronic calculi-free cholecystopancreatitis were evaluated for the reoccurring motility (ROM) of the stomach and duodenum using the method of ionoballoonotensiocinesiography. All patients presented with different types ROM disturbances accompanied in most cases by duodenal hypertension, duodenogastric reflux and reflux-gastritis. The ROM state should be considered in prescribing pathogenetic combined conservative treatment. Principles allowing some judgement about the ROM state have been determined.

In 31 patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower limbs the heat irradiation changes under the influence of sound vibration with 2.5 kHz and 0.66 W/cm2 intensity were studied. The durable effect of the combined application of therapeutic treatment and "vibrotherapy" was noted.

In 131 patients with the duodenal ulcer disease the dependence of duodenogastric reflux frequency and intensity from the periodic motor gastric and duodenal activity was determined with the help of balloonographic method. Various mechanism of the origin were elucidated, and the correction schemes of the duodenogastric reflux are proposed.

The results of experimental and clinical studied of the suture material "Caproiod" are presented. The advantage of the material suggested is its favourable effect on regenerative processes in the region of suture and anastomoses which resulted in their increased hermeticity. Use of "Caproiod" permits to prevent the development of postoperative complications caused by a quality of the suture material.

Gastric and duodenal motor function was studied using ionoballoono-tensiokinesiography method in 77 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis. Various periodic motor activity (PMA) infringements, both hypo- and hyperkinetic types, were diagnosed, mainly associated with duodenal hypertension, duodenogastric reflux and reflux-gastritis. Principles of pre- and postoperative correction of the PMA state for the guarantee of cholecystectomy functional full value were determined.

The intensity of heat emission stream was studied up in 204 patients with an acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, hernia in the region of the planned incision line before the operation and on the second, fourth, sixth, eighth day after its conduction. The precise diagnostic distinctions were obtained about the heat stream level in uncomplicated cases and when infiltrate and abscess formation occur. This distinctions appear much more earlier than the classical inflammation features.

The experimental substantiation and clinical approbation of the absorbable antimicrobial threads "Capromed A" and "Caproiod" in the surgery of the extrahepatic bile-ducts were carried out. The complications caused by the use of suture material were not revealed. A high effectiveness of the "Caproiod" thread in the emergency surgery of the extrahepatic bile ducts was noted.

Tissue response to the implanted iodine-containing thread and its antibacterial activity were studied in the experiment. When compared with the existing analogues, the thread studied, causes the lesser inflammatory response, has pronounced antimicrobial action and has no negative effect on the course of a wound process. Universality of antiseptic action of iodine creates wide possibilities for use of the threads in the surgical practice.

A comparative analysis is presented of the effect of sonic waves and drug treatment of 31 patients with postvagotomy gastrostasis. The motor gastric activity was evaluated by clinical data and electrogastrography. It was established that the effect of sonic waves (frequency: 2.5 kHz, sound stream intensity 0.66 Wt/cm2 2 times daily per 10-15 min. for 3-10 days) favour rapid restoration of the motor activity of stomach and intestines and are a favourable background for the reduced probability of development of pulmonary and cardio-vascular complications that facilitates the postoperative period in this category of patients.

The study was made of sound waves effect on duodenal motility (DM) in 60 chronic sufferers with duodenal functional ileus. The exposure to 2.0-3.0 kHz sound waves of 0.57-0.73 W/cm2 intensity promoted intestinal contractions, duodenal passage of barium, enhanced biopotential, amplitude and tone. These parameters tended to acquire values similar to duodenal motility in health.

An analysis was carried out of the efficiency of using sound waves, drugs and electrostimulation on the motor activity of the duodenum in 45 patients with chronic duodenal obstruction of functional genesis. Excellent and good results were obtained in 80% of patients treated with sound waves complexly with other methods, in 40% when only drugs were used and 53% when only electric stimulation was used. The advantages of sound in the treatment are emphasized as concerns early effect, long-term results, absence of side-effects, low incidence of recurrences of the disease.

A new native synthetic absorbable antibacterial polyamide thread "Capromed DC" was used for liquidation of the abdominal wall defect in operation for postoperative recurrent hernia. The low incidence of complications caused by infection around the non-absorbable ligature was noted.

Basing on the experience with examination of 69 patients, the use of indices of thermal flow of a skin in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was substantiated. A high diagnostic value of the method is demonstrated.

By means of a polarographic method, the peculiarities of blood distribution in the tissues of the lower extremities in 34 patients with obliterative atherosclerosis and in 29--with obliterative endarteritis after sympathectomy were studied. In successful intervention, the prognostically significant increase in oxygen tension in the muscles at the level of crura and feet was noted. It is suggested to use this test under conditions of medicinal ganglionectomy with the aim of prognostication of the effectiveness of the forthcoming lumbar sympathectomy.

Disorders of the motor activity of the duodenum after surgical interventions on organs of the hepatopancreaticoduodenal zone resulted in the development of cholangitis and pancreatitis. Sonic stimulation favoured increases of the duodenal motor activity and proved to be good prophylaxis of postoperative cholangitis and pancreatitis as well as a method of treatment of these complications.

The authors studied the flow of heat and skin temperature of the legs and feet in 73 patients with atherosclerosis obliterans before and after lumbar sympathectomy. A regularity was revealed according to which numerical determination of heat emission in combination with thermometry in characteristic points of the leg and foot was a good test in determining the stage of the disease and a prognostic index of the efficacy of lumbar sympathectomy and rehabilitation of the patient in the immediate and late-term postoperative period.

In the chronic experiment it was established, that influencing of the acoustic waves with the frequency of 0.2-0.3 kHz, intensity of 0.24-0.28 W/cm2 for 10-15 minutes causes the suppression of the motor duodenal activity; with the frequency of 2.0-3.0 kHz, intensity of 0.57-0.73 W/cm2 for 10-15 min--its stimulation. It is expedient to use the acoustic waves in the parameters mentioned for correction of hypo- and hyper-motor states of the duodenum.

In the chronic experiments on 20 dogs, it was established that influencing by the acoustic waves with the frequency by the acoustic waves with the frequency of 0.2-0.3 kHz, intensity of 0.24-0.28 W/cm2 for 10-15 min upon the duodenal region led to decrease in the motor activity of the gastric body, antrum, duodenum, jejunum, gallbladder. Influencing by the acoustic waves with the frequency of 2.0-3.0 kHz, intensity of 0.57-0.73 W/cm2 for 10-15 min upon the duodenal region led to increase in the motor activity of the pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, gallbladder, and depression of motility of the gastric body.

The antimicrobic polymer films were used in experiment and in operations on 56 patients for strengthening the line of intestinal sutures. Good results were obtained.

Antibacterial threads "Kapromed DKh" were used in experiments and clinic for the formation of lung sutures in combination with the antimicrobial film ESBADKh with the cyanacrylate glue. The application of polymers exerts a positive effect upon the regeneration of the lung wound and reduces the frequency of postoperative complications associated with the disturbed hermetic property of the suture and the development of the inflammatory process.

Approved in the experiment and employed in 60 patients in atypical resection of a lung were the antimicrobial biocompatible absorbable polymers--"Capromed DC threads and ESBADCh film--in combination with MK-7 cyanoacrylate++ glue for formation of hermetic pulmonary suture. This facilitated good smoothing out of the lung remainder, sharp decrease of microbial colonization at the site, where the mentioned polymers were used.

A study of the structure of recurrences of ulcer disease was made on the basis of long-term follow-up results in 257 patients with selective proximal vagotomies. Real (with the presence of an ulcer) and false (without ulcer) recurrences are distinguished. The clinical aspects of the course and diagnosis of real and false recurrences are described. The principles of prophylaxis and treatment of ulcer disease recurrences are outlined.