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This paper is devoted to the negative impact of transport activities. Every type of transport comes with negative effects on the environment, people's health, and people's comfort of living. Strategic papers from the European Union's (EU's) acts of law on national, regional, and local political levels have found that water transport is the future. The authors hypothesize that the increase in the use of inland waterway transport over the coming decades will provide an opportunity to increase the capacity of transport; however, without appropriate regulations regarding emission standards, the use of outdated water transport units will not allow us to achieve positive environmental effects. The authors, therefore, indicate good practices related to the use of shipping in conjunction with the use of modern types of propulsion. The literature review method was used to verify current knowledge about the impacts of water transport as well as to find possible alternatives. Moreover, a survey was conducted among experts—decision-makers in logistics companies operating in Polish seaports. The condition of ships, especially those used on inland waterways, needs to be improved, mainly in the aspect of emissions. Furthermore, a strategy should be prepared to include inland shipping as an ordinary part of the logistics chain in Poland, which seems to be a necessary and expected action, though it will bring only partial environmental benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]