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Various factors were believed to play an important role and were closely related to the risk of Early Childhood Caries (ECC), including daily oral hygiene behavior. Oral hygiene of children under 2 years is very dependent on their parents, especially mothers or caregivers. This study revealed the prevalence of ECC and its related to children's oral hygiene behavior after 9 months of observation. A total of 60 caries-free children (deft= 0) under two y.o were observed for 9 months. Without prior dental education regarding oral health care, all subjects were observed for their oral hygiene behavior. The questionnaires were given at the beginning and at the end of the observation and recording the final deft score. After 9 months later, from 60 caries-free children, 19 (31.6%) study subjects were exposed to ECC with a deft average score of 2+2. Oral hygiene behavior related to ECC prevalence in this study (p0.05). In conclusion, the prevalence of ECC was related to poor oral hygiene behavior

Aim To determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and investigate the effect of associated risk factors on ECC prevalence in preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study included Saudi preschoolers aged 36–71 months. Parents/guardians completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographics; medical, dental, and dietary history; and oral hygiene practices. Children were orally examined for dental caries, oral hygiene, and plaque deposition. Results A total of 383 children were examined. ECC prevalence was 72.6%, with a mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) score of 4.13 (±3.99) and a mean decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) score of 7.0 (±9.1). Children from schools in northern Riyadh and those of fathers in professional jobs were less likely to have ECC [(OR: 0.203; 95% CI: 0.082–0.503)] and [(OR: 0.472; 95% CI: 0.256–0.871)], respectively. Children with a nocturnal feeding history and poor oral hygiene were more likely to have ECC [(OR: 2.281; 95% CI: 1.143–4.553)] and [(OR: 5.523; 95% CI: 2.269–13.441)], respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of ECC in preschool children in Riyadh is high and affected by parental socioeconomic factors, infant feeding practices, and children’s oral hygiene status.

© 2021 American Academy of PeriodontologyBackground: Peri-implantitis (PI) is a growing concern in the dental community worldwide. The study aimed to compare U.S. versus European periodontists’ considerations of risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and management of PI. Methods: A total of 393 periodontists from the United States and 100 periodontists from Europe (Germany, Greece, Netherlands) responded to anonymous surveys electronically or by mail. Results: Compared to U.S. periodontists, European respondents were younger, more likely to be female and placed fewer implants per month (9.12 vs 13.90; P = 0.003). Poor oral hygiene, history of periodontitis, and smoking were considered as very important risk factors by both groups (rated > 4 on 5-point scale). European periodontists rated poor oral hygiene (4.64 vs 4.45; P = 0.005) and history of periodontitis (4.36 vs 4.10; P = 0.006) as more important and implant surface (2.91 vs 3.18; P = 0.023), occlusion (2.80 vs 3.75; P < 0.001) and presence of keratinized tissue (3.27 vs 3.77; P < 0.001) as less important than did U.S. periodontists. Both groups rated clinical probing, radiographic bone loss, and presence of bleeding and suppuration as rather important diagnostic criteria. They rated implant exposure/mucosal recession as relatively less important with U.S. periodontists giving higher importance ratings than European periodontists (3.99 vs 3.54; P = 0.001). Both groups nearly always used patient education, plaque control and mechanical debridement when treating PI. U.S. periodontists were more likely to use antibiotics (3.88 vs 3.07; P < 0.001), lasers (2.11 vs 1.68; P = 0.005), allograft (3.39 vs 2.14; P < 0.001) and regenerative approaches (3.57 vs 2.56; P < 0.001), but less likely to use resective surgery (3.09 vs 3.53; P < 0.001) than European periodontists. Conclusions: U.S. and European periodontists’ considerations concerning risk factors, diagnosis and management of PI were evidence-based. Identified differences between the two groups can inform future educational efforts.

Aims: this study was carried out to assess oral health status and treatment needs among a group of hearing impaired and visually impaired children in Mansoura city, Egypt. Methodology: A cross sectional study design was conducted. Total of 130 hearing impaired and 120 of visually impaired children were included in addition to 130 of normal children. The diagnosis of dental caries was done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria using dft and DMFT indices. Oral hygiene was assessed using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Gingivitis was evaluated by Papillary, Marginal and Attached (PMA) Index. Also, treatment need was specified using Unmet Treatment Need (UTN) index. Results: It was found that the caries prevalence and experience was significantly higher among visually impaired children (73.3%, 5.33±4.32) and hearing impaired children (61.5%, 4.73 ± 4.38) than normal children (46.2%,1.07±1.80) (p value ≤0.05). In addition, there was a statistically significant difference in median scores of PMA index, median scores of OHIS index and percentage of unmet treatment needs among the study groups (p value ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: the caries prevalence and severity was higher among visually impaired and hearing impaired children than normal children. They also suffered from more gingivitis, poor oral hygiene and higher percentage of unmet treatment needs compared to normal children.

Objetivou-se analisar a relação entre os níveis sanguíneos de chumbo, as condições periodontais e o impacto bucal na qualidade de vida entre trabalhadores de uma fábrica de baterias automotivas no município de Bauru - SP. A amostra foi composta por 70 trabalhadores, avaliados por examinador calibrado (Kappa ≥ 0.78), registrando-se os níveis sanguíneos de chumbo (NSPB), hábitos de vida, higiene bucal e impacto bucal na qualidade de vida (OHIP-14). Utilizou-se Índice Periodontal Comunitário (IPC) e Índice de Placa (IP). Adotou-se nível de significância 5% (p < 0.05), sendo aplicados teste t de Student, Mann-Whitney, Odds Ratio, Qui-Quadrado e correlação linear de Pearson. A idade média foi de 33.21 ± 9.43 anos, 88.57% eram do sexo masculino, 12.85% hipertensos, 10% tabagistas, 12.86% consumiam regularmente bebidas alcoólicas, 88.57% escovavam os dentes 3 ou mais vezes/dia, 97.14% uso frequente de fio dental. O nível médio de chumbo no sangue 44.01 ± 6.15 µg/dL, sendo maiores entre trabalhadores da linha de produção (p = 0.000). Observaram-se alterações periodontais em 67.14% dos indivíduos, com sangramento (25.71%), cálculo (67.14%), bolsas rasas (20.00%) e bolsas profundas (10.00%). NSPB > 40 µg/dl estiveram associados ao sangramento gengival (OR = 4.91; p = 0.006). O IP foi 2.78 ± 0.54. O impacto bucal foi baixo, 4.48 ± 1.87, havendo correlação positiva entre os NSPB e a incapacidade física (r = 0.35; p = 0.003), e dos escores totais OHIP-14 com IP (r = 0.24; p = 0.044). Embora nenhum dos trabalhadores tenha apresentado NSPB acima do Índice Máximo Biológico Permitido, a prevalência de alterações periodontais encontrada foi alta, sendo relacionadas à pobre higiene bucal e evidenciando a necessidade de adoção de medidas terapêuticas, preventivas e educativas.

A cárie na primeira infância (CPI) é uma das doenças mais prevalentes em crianças em todo o mundo. A CPI é impulsionada por um estado disbiótico dos microrganismos orais causado principalmente por uma dieta rica em açúcar. Além disso, a má higiene oral ou a remoção insuficiente da placa dentária levam à rápida progressão da CPI. A CPI não só leva à destruição dentária e dor nas crianças, mas também afeta a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores. Crianças com CPI extensa apresentam alto risco de desenvolver cárie com a dentição permanente ou terão outros problemas para falar e / ou comer. Para prevenir a CPI, várias estratégias devem ser levadas em consideração. As crianças devem escovar os dentes com dentifrícios que contenham ingredientes suaves, como surfactantes suaves e agentes que apresentem propriedades antiaderentes em relação aos microrganismos orais. Os pais / responsáveis ​​devem ajudar seus filhos a escovar os dentes. Além disso, agentes remineralizantes e não tóxicos devem ser incluídos na formulação do creme dental. Dois agentes biomiméticos promissores para higiene bucal de crianças são fosfato de cálcio amorfo [Cax (PO 4 ) y n H 2 O] e hidroxiapatita [Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)].

Objectives: This cross-sectional study investigated the stages of periodontitis in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and risk factors associated with periodontitis severity among them. Materials and methods: A total of 194 patients underwent a polysomnography/polygraphy and were referred to periodontal examination. According to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), patients were classified as mild OSA (AHI < 15) and moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15), whereas periodontitis severity was determined by the clinical attachment level (CAL) according to the recent Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions. Patients were grouped into two categories: stages 1 and 2, and stages 3 and 4. Results: Higher AHI values were reported in OSA patients exhibiting periodontitis stages 3 and 4 compared to OSA patients with periodontitis stages 1 and 2 (p = 0.043) and the non- periodontitis group (p = 0.044). A positive correlation was found between AHI and mean CAL (r = 0.215 ; p = 0.004), and between AHI and plaque scores (r = 0.292 ; p < 0.001). Following a multivariable regression analysis, AHI was a significant predictor of mean CAL (β = 0.169 ; p = 0.031), explaining 16.4% of variability in mean CAL (adjusted R2 = 0.164 ; p < 0.001). Older patients had higher odds for an increased mean CAL (β = 0.266 ; p = 0.001), as well as patients smoking or formerly smoking (β = 0.305 ; p < 0.001) whereas visiting a dental medicine doctor once a year or more often was associated with a decreased mean CAL (β = - 0.182 ; p = 0.02). Conclusions: OSA was associated with severe stages of periodontitis along with increased age, smoking, low frequency of dental visits, and poor oral hygiene. Clinical relevance: Screening for periodontitis is recommended for patients with more severe forms of OSA.

Through an extensive review of the literature, our objective will be to clarify the current concept that exists about the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, as well as the implications that bacteria may have on it. To date, different longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have identified some of the risk factors or risk indicators of peri-implantitis. Previous history of periodontal disease, diabetes, genetic load, poor oral hygiene, tobacco, alcohol consumption, absence of keratinized gingiva and the surface of the implants are some of the factors that have been analyzed in detail in the literature. The colonization of new surgically implanted surfaces represents a risk situation in partially edentulous patients, where periodontopathogenic bacteria from the residual bag play an important role.

Aim. To establish the association between the presence of chronic infection in oral cavity and the severity of SARSCoV-2 infection.Materials and methods. The study was conducted among 30 people aged between18 and 22 who had had coronavirus infection from mild to severe cases. The assessment of oral health was carried out with main and additional examination methods, CFE index, PMA index, Greene, Wermillion oral hygiene index.Results. In group 1, the average value of CFE index was 4.2, in the second group – CFE index was twice higher at 7.8. PMA index in patients of group 2 was significantly higher (p> 0.01) and was at the level of 41.5%. In group 1, the PMA index was 13.3%. It was found that 17% of the respondents in the control group and 70% patients in the experimental group had an episodic exacerbation of dental diseases during COVID-19.Conclusions. The data obtained indicates a correlation between oral diseases and the severity of COVID-19. It is necessary to consider that chronic infection in the oral cavity as well as poor oral hygiene can act as a risk of complications of viral infections, in particular, of COVID-19.

Fei Chen1Yuewu Cheng2Tiansheng Xie3,41The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology,School of Stomatology, ZhejiangUniversity School of Medicine, and KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Researchof Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou,Zhejiang, 310006, People’s Republic ofChina; 2Shangcai Center for DiseaseControl and Prevention, Zhumadian,Henan, 463800, People’s Republic ofChina; 3Zhejiang Sino-German Instituteof Life Science and Healthcare, School ofBiological and Chemical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science andTechnology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023,People’s Republic of China; 4State KeyLaboratory for Diagnosis and Treatmentof Infectious Diseases, The First AffiliatedHospital of Zhejiang University, School ofMedicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou,Zhejiang, 310003, People’s Republic ofChina Correspondence: Tiansheng XieZhejiang Sino-German Institute of LifeScience and Healthcare, School ofBiological and Chemical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science andTechnology, 318 Liuhe Road, Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province, 310023, People’sRepublic of ChinaTel +86 571 86021350Email tianshengxie@zust.edu.cn Purpose: This study aimed to understand the oral hygiene habits and oral health status ofyoung people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Henan province ofChina.Methods: Randomized stratified cluster sampling strategy was used to select young peoplewho were receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HARRT) from 6 towns. A total of104 participants were enrolled and divided into 2 groups, adolescence group and young adultgroup. By face-to-face oral interview and examination, well-trained dentists collected generalinformation, oral hygiene habits and oral health status of the participants.Results: Fifty-eight of them were adolescence group and 46 of them were young adultgroup. In two groups, most of them brushed their teeth once a day (55.20%, 67.40%), andhalf of them basically brushed their teeth for 2 minutes (51.7%, 50.0%). Majority ofparticipants did not use dental floss (93.1%,91.3%) and also never visited a dentist(81%,78.3%). One-third of participants had spontaneous bleeding, and about half of themhad gingival bleeding when brushed their teeth. The most frequent mucosal disease was oralulcers. Moreover, the prevalence of caries remained very high in both groups, which was82.76% and 84.8%, respectively. Most of the participants in both groups had low educationlevel and received less than 9 years of education (65.5%, 63%).Conclusion: The participants had poor oral hygiene habits. The economic and educationlevel may associate with the awareness of oral health and care. Keywords: oral hygiene, oral health, mouth mucosa, HIV infections, adolescent, youngadult

espanolIntroduccion:El Sindrome de Guillain-Barre (SGB) dentro de su amplia sintomatologia puede presentar manifestaciones craneofaciales, por lo que resulta importante la participacion del cirujano dentista en la evaluacion del sistema estomatognatico desde un modelo de abordaje multidisciplinario. Objetivo: Identificar las manifestaciones neurologicas craneofaciales del Sindrome de Guillain-Barre en pacientes de tres establecimientos de salud de Lambayeque, Peru en el ano 2019. Materiales y Metodos: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal, con 59 pacientes diagnosticados con SGB, mediante una evaluacion clinica realizada por medicos neurologos previamente calibrados (k=0,911). Adicionalmente se realizo una evaluacion bucodental del indice de higiene oral, del estado periodontal y del pH bucal, siendo procesados los datos mediante tablas de distribucion de frecuencias.Resultados:El 44,07% de pacientes presentaron por lo menos una alteracion funcional, identificando limitacion unilateral para expresiones faciales (25.42%), disfagia (18.64%), alteracion en la fonacion (11.86%) y perdida del sentido del gusto (6.78%), evidenciando compromiso de los pares craneales correspondientes. Ademas se observaron condiciones des-favorables de higiene oral y de pH acido en algunos casos, que resultaron adversas para las estructuras periodontales de los pacientes. Conclusion:Fueron encontradas mani-festaciones craneofaciales del SGB, identificando casos con paralisis facial unilateral, disfagia, dificultad para la fonacion y perdida del sentido del gusto, debido a la alteracion de los pares craneales que comandan esas funciones. Ademas las condiciones desfavorables de higiene oral y la presencia de pH acido en algunos casos, propiciaron un ambiente adverso para la integridad de las estructuras periodontales. EnglishIntroduccion:Among the broad range of symptoms of the Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), patients can present craniofacial manifestations. Consequently, the participation of the dental surgeon in the evaluation of the stomatognathic system using a multidisciplinary approach model is very important. Objective: To identify the craniofacial and neurological manifestations of the Guillain-Barre Syndrome in patients from three hospitals in the district of Lambayeque, Peru, in 2019. Material and Methods: A descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study was carried out in 59 patients diagnosed with GBS by means of a clinical evaluation carried out by previously calibrated neurologists (k=0.911). Additionally, an oral evaluation of the oral hygiene index, the periodontal status, and the oral pH was carried out. Data were processed using frequency distribution tables. Results: 4 4.07% of the patients presented at least one functional alteration, such as unilateral limitation for facial expressions (25.42%), dysphagia (18.64%), alteration in phonation (11.86%), and loss of the sense of taste (6.78%), showing involvement of the corresponding cranial nerves. In addition, unfavorable conditions of oral hygiene and acid pH were observed in some cases, which proved adverse for the periodontal structures of the patients. Conclusion:The study found craniofacial manifestations of GBS, such as cases of unilateral facial palsy, dysphagia, difficulty in phonation, and loss of the sense of taste, due to the alteration of the cranial nerves that command these functions. In addition, poor oral hygiene, and the presence of acidic pH in some patients created an adverse environment for the integrity of the periodontal structures.

La aplicación de encuestas epidemiológicas posee una vital importancia en la supervisión del estado de salud bucal de las comunidades frente a la alta prevalencia de enfermedades bucodentales, como la caries dental y la enfermedad periodontal que sumado a factores de riesgo de origen hereditario, sistémico, adicción a drogas, mala higiene bucal y estrés psicosocial deterioran y ponen en riesgo la calidad de vida del individuo. El uso de cuestionarios a diferencia del examen clínico estándar, presenta diversas ventajas que permiten obtener información epidemiológica básica pero relevante con un costo menor, recolectando información demográfica, factores de riesgo, frecuencia de la higiene bucal personal, utilización de servicios de salud bucal, nivel socioeconómico, lugar de residencia y frecuencia de ingesta de azúcar, ayudando así en la prevención de enfermedades bucodentales y la promoción en salud bucal.

Zinc merupakan mikro nutrien yang esensial dalam tubuh manusia sebagai kofaktor sekitar 300 enzim dan berperan dalam proses pertumbuhan serta menjaga timus supaya tidak cepat atropi. Defisiensi zinc dapat mempengaruhi sistem imun, hal ini dapat disebabkan karena asupan zinc yang kurang. Berbagai faktor terkait dapat mempengaruhi asupan zinc diantaranya pengetahuan masyarakat, pendidikan, ekonomi, pola makan, kebiasaan dan adat-istiadat. Masyarakat Desa Lambung Bukit yang merupakan desa binaan Universitas Andalas pada umumnya merupakan petani, dan masih tergolong ekonomi kurang serta tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terkait pentingnya asupan zinc masih rendah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap pentingnya zinc terhadap kesehatan tubuh dan pemberian suplemen zinc untuk mencegah terjadinya kekurangan zinc dan diharapkan dapat dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat infeksi pada anak. Kegiatan dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Bustanul Ulum Batu Busuk Kelurahan Lambung Bukit, Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang dengan metode penyuluhan, yang diikuti oleh 48 orang tua murid dan guru. Dalam kegiatan dilakukan pretest dan post-test untuk mengetahui pengetahuan peserta penyuluhan tentang zinc, peran, sumber zinc dan kaitannya dengan beberapa penyakit. Dalam kegiatan ini juga dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh dokter spesialis anak, ditemukan 2 murid menderita Penyakit Jantung Bawaan, kebersihan mulut masih kurang dan banyak gigi murid yang karies. Selain itu juga dilakukan pemberian sirup zinc pada anak-anak usia 7-10 tahun untuk mencegah kekurangan zinc pada anak. Kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pentingnya zinc terhadap tubuh terutama mencegah kerentanan terhadap infeksi dan sumber makanan yang mengandung zinc.

An 81-year-old man with a history of gingival bleeding presented with a fever, headache, and drowsiness. His mouth and full dentures were unsanitary. Laboratory tests revealed Streptococcus oralis meningitis caused by odontogenic bacteremia. We reviewed eight reported cases, including the present case, because S. oralis meningitis is rare. Our review indicated that S. oralis meningitis needs to be considered when encountering cases of a fever, disturbance of consciousness, and headache with episodes of possible odontogenic bacteremia.

Background : Dental caries is still one of the most common problems in Indonesia, not only in adults but also in children. The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesian primary schools is almost 60-80%. Caries is a multifactorial disease caused by host (teeth), microorganism, carbohydrates, and time. Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent diseases in children worldwide. ECC driven by oral microorganism which is mainly caused by sugar rich-foods. In addition, poor oral hygiene and removal of dental plaque leads to the rapid development of ECC.The goal of this treatment is to prevent malocclusion of the teeth and maintain the growth and development of the child. Case report : A6-year-old girl with ECC and poor oral hygiene is given comperhensive treatment, such as restoration, endodontic treatment, extraction and space management. Conclusion: Comperhensive treatment was successful and both patient and parent were satisfied with the treatment.This can be seen from the plaque control of the child before and after the toothbrush during the visit and the space available for replacement teeth is sufficient. The pre-toothbrush control at the February 2020 visit was 25% and then the toothbrush 19%, which were 75% and 35.5% previously.

Background Periodontal diseases (PD) seem to appear today as predictors of some cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There is a lack of data on the oral health among Cameroonian military population, and its relationship with CVD. Purpose Investigate on the link between oral health of Cameroonian military from the Ngaoundere garrison and their cardiovascular risk profile. Participants and methods A cross-sectional study at the Fifth Military Sector Health Center in Ngaoundere was conducted. General health parameters assessment was done according to the World Health Organization STEPS manual for surveillance of risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The periodontal status was assessed using Dutch Periodontal Screening Index. Results Two hundred and five participants who were officers and non-commissioned officers (aged 47 ± 08 and 32 ± 08 years respectively), with 86.4% of men were included. Smoking was associated to periodontitis (OR = 4.44 [1.73–11.43], p = 0.0031). Quality of oral hygiene was associated to high cardiovascular risk profile, poor/good (OR = 3.96 [1.07–14.57], p = 0.0386) and medium/good (OR = 3.44 [1.11–10.66], p = 0.0322). Conclusion Lifestyle as tobacco consumption and poor oral hygiene were associated to CVD among military, and this call for change.

Introduction: Jaw osteitis is an inflammatory disease of bone tissue causing aseptic necrosis of bone. This study aims to clarify the etiologies of osteitis of the jawbones and to describe the clinical and radiographic aspects of extensive forms. Cases Presentation: Our study concerns the clinical and radiographic examination of 4 cases of voluminous bone sequesters. The causes of osteitis are mainly infectious and due to late consultations of our populations. The development of these maxillary osteitis leads to the formation of large bone sequesters. Conclusion: The evolution towards voluminous sequesters is a combination of dental infection, poor oral hygiene, late consultation and traditional treatment.

Background: The number of recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hyperplasia requiring tonsillectomies annually is huge. Poor oral hygiene has been linked with the occurrence of these tonsillar diseases. The main objective of the present study is to determine the oral hygiene status of patients treated for tonsillitis and/or tonsillar hyperplasia at our hospital. Methods: This was a prospective case series of participants with tonsillitis or tonsillar hyperplasia at our hospital from 2018 to 2020. Results: A total of 80 participants with tonsillitis/or tonsillar hyperplasia were recruited into the study within August 2016 and March 2017 comprising 49 (61.3%) females and 31 (38.7%) males, with age ranging from 16 to 32 years (18.27 ± 4.21). Conclusions: The present study demonstrated a high proportion of less than optimal oral hygiene status in participants with tonsillitis/or tonsilar hyperplasia. This suggests that there might be an association between oral hygiene and tonsillitis/or tonsilar hyperplasia. Further research is, however, needed to prove this.

Gingival enlargement (GE) is a well-known clinical phenomena with the primary aetiology being plaque and poor oral hygiene. Many reasons for GE have been known. Most of the time good oral hygiene is sufficient to achieve normal healthy gingiva. GE is a heterogeneous group of disorder characterized by progressive enlargement of the gingiva with an increase in submucosal connective tissue elements. Some of them are inherited and iatrogenic while others are idiopathic. In this case, we report a case with massive idiopathic GE in a 9-year-old female child; treatment received, histopathological description and follow-up are discussed.

Background: Head and neck cellulitis of dental origin are polymicrobial bacterial infections involving the cellulo-adipose spaces of the face and neck. The objective of this work was to describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with head and neck cellulitis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1 January to 30 June 2020. All patients consulting for cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin in 2 university hospitals in Ouagadougou were included in the study. The usual parameters of descriptive statistics were estimated for each variable. Results: Two hundred and ninety-two cases (184 men and 108 women), aged 3 to 85 years were collected. The 25 - 35 years old were the most affected (33%). Decay was the leading dental cause (95.6%). The delay in consultation was included within 7 days in 74.66% of cases. Ninety-one-point forty-four percent of patients had poor oral hygiene. Diffuse cellulitis was the most common (64.04%) and peri-mandibular regions were the most invaded (42.81%). Conclusion: The frequencies observed in our study allow us to conclude that cervicofacial cellulitis of dental origin is still frequent and affects a young and disadvantaged population.

Aim of the Study: The present study was aimed to assess the knowledge and experience of women about dental services utilization during pregnancy. Methodology: A hospital-based, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 300 women of age between 18 and 45 years who attended Malla Reddy Dental Hospital during 3 months period from October 2019 to December 2019. A questionnaire was distributed to all the participants who had given consent to participate in the study. Results: Only 30.7% of the participants attended for dental checkup during their pregnancy. Among them, most of the people (52%) had visited dentist for toothache, followed by gum care (29.34%) and regular checkup (18.47%). Most of the subjects (69.3%) did not use dental services as they were unaware of dental checkup during pregnancy. A significant difference was found between the urban and rural participants regarding the visit to the dentist during pregnancy (P = 0.000, Chi-square value = 19.157). Conclusion: Most of the women unaware of dental checkup during pregnancy. They were also not sure aware of dental treatments which can be done during pregnancy and consequences of poor oral hygiene on pregnancy outcome.

Gingival recession is a common pesky problem a?ecting almost all middle and older aged to some degree and in patients with good oral hygiene as well as in periodontally untreated populations with poor oral hygiene. Gingival recession has been associated with dentinal hypersensitivity, root caries and esthetic compromise. Various periodontal plastic surgical procedures are available including coronally advanced flap (CAF), each having advantages and disadvantages. To improve the clinical outcome of such surgical procedures, several regenerative materials have been combined with it. In this case report, we aimed the root coverage in Miller’s class II by means of coronally advanced flap technique along with PRF membrane. A platelet-rich ?brin (PRF) membrane is a readily available and inexpensive biomaterial that is bene?cial in periodontal plastic surgery procedures. Keywords:Gingival recession, Root coverage, Coronally advanced flap, Platelet-rich membrane

Alveolar osteitis (AO) is an extremely distressing outcome following extraction of tooth. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood due to varied nature of presentation of the condition. However, a delay in the healing process of bone due to fibrinolysis is believed to be the underlying pathophysiology. This review highlights three major risk factors – trauma, bacterial accumulation due to poor oral hygiene, and smoking – in causing alveolar osteitis, and describes underlying related molecular events. Fibrinolysis results due to traumatic tooth extraction as well as due to accumulation of certain microorganisms which leads to the development of alveolar osteitis. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx 2) and osteocalcin (OCN) can be used as molecular markers for evaluating alveolar osteitis. Assessment assays of such biomarkers can lead to a better understanding of the pathological process in providing a clearer picture to researchers and clinicians. Continuous...