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Computer-aided manufacturing involves a set of computerized activities related to the preparation, launch and follow-up of manufacturing. Computer-aided manufacturing is a tool that allows the use of 3D models based on computer-aided design. This paper addresses the process of rotational formation, with an effective focus on the technology of processing a rotational mold using CAM simulation as a research method. In this sense, the right choice of CNC and cutting tools is essential. The use of numerically controlled machine tools and high-performance cutting tools reduces the number of operations. The manufacturing route realized is specific to the parts machining on numerical control machine, with multiple possibilities such as the execution on a single machine of all the necessary operations to create the mold. PowerMILL gives the user the flexibility to generate thisheir NC programs and ensures the use of the most efficient processing method without having to wait for the complete calculation. A number of different strategies, from the wide range that PowerMILL has, are compared using a high tolerance so that they can be calculated quickly. In this study, the strengths of the CNC are highlighted based on experimental research, features that make this machine a very productive one, saving time, energy and, implicitly, low execution costs.

Rotational molding is a unique process, with a high growth rate, which allows the use of geometries and materials adapted to particular needs. It is superior to other manufacturing methods in terms of low cost, break-even point and size of parts that can be manufactured. Rotational molding products are often a substitute, with a lower mass, for traditionally used materials. In this scientific paper it is analyzed the recent literature related to the field of rotational molding processes. It also addresses the issue of processing a rotational mold, with the main purpose of optimizing the cutting regime. In this context, it is highlighted the way of processing the surface of the outer mold based on deductions of direct observation criteria. The factors considered in this regard are the route, the type and diameter of the tool, the speed and depth of cutting - given that the goal is to achieve a minimum quality of the required surface obtained by technology and a minimum base time. At the end of the paper, the contribution of this research is highlighted along with the arguments presented in support of the statement that this rotational molding process is of particular interest because it has a great potential to meet many surface quality requirements, while reducing cycle times.

The present paper highlights a series of introduction aspects of the rotational system for slush plastic casting, which are the characteristic elements of this fabrication technology and which consistsof the rotational molding. Also, the structure of a rotational mold and the methods used to obtain themold, are presented. The purpose of this research is to describe the parametric design of a rotationalmold and its fabrication process. The research method used to accomplish this purpose consist of the CAD – Modelling specific software utilized to carry out the parametric design of the rotational mold. After the parametric design it was adopted the manufacturing technology of the mold, using a CAMspecific software. In the final part of the research a few important conclusions were drawn from the bibliographical study and from personal convictions.

This research aims to carry out an elaborate experiment by witch resulting in relevant conclusions that have practical applicability in the aeronautical industry. The surface roughness measured transversely and longitudinally on the feed motion direction of the cutting tool constitutes the dedicated objective function on which the study was conducted in this case. The end milling was chosen of an aluminum alloy used explicitly in the aeronautical industry. The actual experiments were carried out in the only aeronautical industry in Romania carrying out these types of machining and were made according to the methodology with rigorous experimental planning of the research. The experimental plan conceived after which the practical experiments were conducted led to applied research already put into practice within the above-mentioned industrial organization.

The purpose of this scientific paper is to support the decisionmaking process on the risk management based on the results of an analysis and subsequently on the risks hierarchy. This assessment involves the comparison of the level of risk determined by the analysis with the risk criteria developed in the context of the establishment phase. This scientific paper on assessing and treating risks to physical security has been developed to identify, assess and quantify the associated risk in a technologizedknowledge-based organization. The basis of this study on the assessment and treatment of risks to physical security is to identify specific potential risks as well as the emergency response procedures. Effective risk assessment involves assessing the likelihood and impact of a risk-based event, and based on the determined values, determine the risk profile and treatment priorities. The determined risk level is assimilated to risk exposure.

This scientific paper addresses the importance of water treatment process until it becomes drinkable, studying the treatment process from different points of view that are considered to be relevant. The choice of this subject was motivated by the water consumption importance for the entire population, the scientific paper proposing to study in what way this water treatment process could be improved, using for analysis two methods of experimental statistical modeling, namely the Taguchi's method and the factorial experiment method. The purpose of this scientific paper was to identify the deficiencies of the water treatment process after it entered the treatment plant and analyze is carried out using the two mentioned methods above, were continued by finding optimization solutions for the process. These solutions are intended to avoid the situations in which the treatment plant may be unable to cover the required volume of drinking water and to ensure the quality of the drinking water supplied to consumers according to the legislation to date. The knowledge benefit of this research consists in the realization of the research intentions formulated and the practical applicability of the results.

To ensure customer satisfaction, the products made by aviation, space and defense organizations need to be continuously improved from the point of view of safety, security, reliability and maintainability. The improvement goal is to be at the customers' requirements and legislations level, if not even to overcome it. The occurring problem with the final products is the challenge to ensure their quality in a shorter time. In this research the importance of implementing the APQP concept in the aeronautical industry is highlighted. To achieve this purpose, the methodologies needed to ensure that the product development processes of the aviation, space and defense industry are fully integrated processes ranging from concept and design to planning, manufacturing and production, aiming the product good use, a quality service and finally getting a positive customer feedback. The final goal of this concept implementing is the Production Part Approval Process (PPAP), which is actually the main result of APQP confirming that the manufacturing process has demonstrated the potential to achieve products that consistently fulfil absolutely all the expressed and not expressed customer requirements.

The organization functions are: research-development, production, commercial, financial-accounting, personnel and quality. In this paper the factorial experimental method will be applied, which is currently one of the most widespread methods used in the research-development departments of the organizations, due to its advantages and efficiency. The experiment was carried out at SC Coifer Impex SRL-Mirsa’s metal structures factory. In this paper it is presented the factors modelling that exerts their influence on two objectives functions: the ensuring the nominal thickness of the rough-cast film and the consumption limiting. For data processing the STATISTICA 7 software was used which provides an accurately and effectively way to determine the influence degree of each variable on the settled objectives.

The paper aim is to identify based on regression analysis, the quantitative relationship between the cutting process parameters (cutting speed, cutting depth and feed per tooth) and the arithmetic mean deviation of the surface profile, measured longitudinally and transversely on the cutting feed direction, which describe the system at any point in the chosen experimentally studied range. The equations coefficients means the influence of the variables on the pursued answer.

In this paper, the most important aspects of the research methodology of the resulted surface quality by aluminum alloys endmilling, are presented. The first part of the paper includes a short presentation of the cutting processes aluminum alloys evolution. In the second part, the research problem was defined by setting a fundamental objective and identifying the specific objectives which contribute to achieve the fundamental objective. In this context an experimental study, was performed, starting with the organization and conducting the endmilling process, in which the cutting regime were established, then the characteristic measured parameters were determined, so that the research factors and parameters will result.

The aim of this paper is to optimize the regression equation of the surface roughness obtained by 7136 aluminium alloy machined by end-milling process. The surface roughness is dependent on certain process parameters, which can vary, causing in this way variations of the surface quality. The research method used in this paper is the experiment and the Taguchi design of experiment. The experiment was performed using an experimental stand, in which every step to get the purpose, is presented. The measurements were made using a portable surface roughness tester. In the first part of the paper the influence percentage of the involved parameters in the machining process, was determined. Then, a multiple linear regression model, in three different ways, was realised, in order to optimise the predicted regression equation that was initially proposed.

The aim of this paper is to present the necessary steps to conduct a design of experiment with application on the aluminum alloy surface quality obtained by end-milling process. The machined surface quality is influenced by the cutting process parameters, and especially by their variation. The research methods used in this paper are the Taguchi method - to determine the cutting parameters influence, on the surface quality, and the full factorial design of experiment to confirm the results obtained by Taguchi’s method and to determine the percentage of the parameters influence involved in the process.

This study investigates the utilization of barrel end-mills in machining titanium alloys for aerospace applications. It involves a comprehensive review of the relevant literature and a preliminary experimental investigation, incorporating the influence of measurement direction on surface roughness and the behavior of cutting forces. The primary objective is to assess the performance and efficiency of these end-mills when machining challenging materials and to identify optimal cutting strategies. This paper emphasizes the significance of titanium alloys in the aerospace sector, due to their exceptional mechanical properties, and the problems encountered in their processing. It also highlights the advantages of barrel end-mills, such as enhanced accessibility and superior surface finish. Through a combination of literature review, practical experimentation under controlled conditions, and statistical analysis, this study investigates the surface roughness of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, confirming a significant difference between longitudinal and transverse roughness. The preliminary experiment revealed that the average values of longitudinal and transverse roughness were 0.237 µm and 0.263 µm, respectively. The coefficients of variation indicated a greater variation in longitudinal roughness (19.79%) compared to transverse roughness (18.61%). This study's conclusions provide a solid foundation for future research into machining titanium alloys with barrel end-mills, contributing to the optimization of manufacturing processes and the enhancement of aerospace component performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pull-off test is essential in assessing the adhesion of paints in the aviation industry, where durability and safety are paramount. However, the lack of clear recommendations on suitable adhesives for this test can affect the accuracy and relevance of the results. The objective of this study was to identify an optimal adhesive for the pull-off test that would provide higher adhesion to the paint and primer than the dolly, thus allowing the correct assessment of the adhesion of the coating. The research method consisted in selecting nine common adhesives (cyanoacrylic and epoxy) and testing them on specimens painted with paints specific to the aeronautical industry. After application of the adhesives, the specimens were subjected to pull-off testing and the tear site was analyzed to determine the performance of each adhesive. The results showed that most of the cyanoacrylic adhesives failed, with breakage occurring in the adhesive film. In contrast, the epoxy adhesive Bison Epoxy Universal showed superior performance, with breakage occurring predominantly in the paint or primer coat. We conclude that the choice of the right adhesive is crucial for obtaining relevant pull-off test results. Bison Epoxy Universal was found to be the optimal adhesive for the paints tested, but further studies are needed to evaluate its performance on a wider range of coatings. This research contributes to the improvement of adhesion testing practices in the aviation industry, ensuring a more accurate assessment of the quality and durability of the paints used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical erosion molding (EDM) is an unconventional machining technology widely used in the manufacture of injection molds for plastics injection molding for the creation of complex cavities and geometries. However, EDM productivity can be challenging, directly influencing mold manufacturing time and cost. This work aims to improve EDM productivity in the context of mold manufacturing for plastics injection molding. The research focuses on the optimization of processing parameters and strategies to reduce manufacturing time and increase process efficiency. Through a rigorous experimental approach, this work demonstrates that the optimization of EDM parameters and strategies can lead to significant productivity gains in the manufacture of plastic injection molds without compromising part quality and accuracy. This research involved a series of controlled experiments on a Mitsubishi EA28V Advance die-sinking EDM machine. Different combinations of pre-cutting parameters and processing strategies were investigated using copper electrodes on a heat-treated steel plate. Productivity was evaluated by measuring the volume of material removed, and geometrical accuracy was checked on a coordinate measuring machine. The experimental results showed a significant increase in productivity (up to 61%) by using the "processing speed priority" function of the EDM machine, with minimal impact on geometric accuracy. Furthermore, the optimized parameters led to an average reduction of 12% in dimensional deviations, indicating improved geometric accuracy of the machined parts. This paper also provides practical recommendations on the selection of optimal EDM processing parameters and strategies, depending on the specific requirements of plastic injection mold manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aerospace industry faces the challenge of maintaining product excellence amidst intricate processes and demands for cost and time efficiency. Mathematical modeling emerges as a valuable tool for optimizing the engineering process and enhancing quality, with potential applications extending beyond aerospace to other sectors with high quality and safety standards. This study develops and validates a mathematical model specific to the aerospace industry, aiming to assess the impact of human resource expertise on product quality. Through a case study within an aerospace organization, an IDEF0-methodology-based mathematical model, coupled with weighted averages, was constructed to depict the comprehensive engineering process and quantify knowledge's impact on deliverable quality. Simulation data, gathered through human resource knowledge assessments and non-conformity analyses, revealed a direct correlation between technical knowledge levels and deliverable quality, consequently impacting final product quality. The proposed model serves as a tool for estimating potential deliverable error rates and pinpointing critical areas within the process that necessitate refinement. The research underscores the significance of knowledge investment and effective knowledge management strategies in upholding quality and competitiveness across industries with stringent quality requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This detailed paper explores the complex dynamics of Digital Manufacturing in Industry 4.0, with the explicit aim of addressing and remedying significant gaps identified in academic literature. The paper provides extensive insight into how technological innovations, including additive manufacturing, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Big Data analytics, are transforming industrial infrastructure and operations. By critically evaluating existing studies and current trends, the paper aims to elucidate not only the impact of emerging technologies, but also to reveal how they can be effectively integrated to increase efficiency and innovation capacity across various industrial sectors. The methodology adopted includes a thorough literature review, comparative analysis of relevant case studies and exploitation of current data, all with a view to developing pragmatic and actionable recommendations. Emphasis is placed on identifying and analyzing the key challenges that accompany the adoption of digital technologies, such as the substantial up-front investment required and the difficulties in preparing the workforce for the new technological requirements. The paper also explores how these challenges can be turned into opportunities to improve the industry's flexibility and adaptability to rapid market changes. The results highlight the significant benefits of implementing Digital Manufacturing, including process optimization, defect reduction, production customization and improved operational sustainability. The conclusions drawn emphasize the critical role of digital innovations in shaping the industrial future and recommend close collaboration between the public and private sectors to facilitate the widespread adoption of these technologies. Finally, the paper suggests that through continued investment in technology development and the implementation of well-designed integration strategies, Digital Manufacturing can lead to profound and sustainable transformations that stimulate economic growth and contribute to positive societal change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific paper explores the increasingly widespread use of collaborative and industrial robots in the industrial environment, highlighting them as a solution to challenges related to the high costs of human labor and associated management difficulties. The authors focus on the process of defining requirements for the implementation of collaborative and industrial robots, providing strategies based on mathematical management models. This approach translates into significant benefits for companies, such as cost reduction, quality improvement, and increased operational efficiency. Additionally, the paper proposes an innovative mathematical model for assessing total costs, budgeting, profitability, and electric power consumption associated with the operation of collaborative and industrial robots. This model allows for a comparison between the costs involved in using human labor and those associated with collaborative and industrial robots, providing critical information for technological investment decisions. The efficiency of this mathematical model is demonstrated through a practical application, where collaborative robots were integrated into a production environment and costs and efficiency were evaluated compared to the use of human labor and industrial robots. This scientific paper provides a systematic and efficient approach to implementing collaborative robots in industrial processes, benefiting from strategies based on mathematical management models and an original mathematical model for evaluating performance and associated costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of an experimental device designed for determining friction coefficients between a circular bar and a set of wheels in a feed mechanism. In the realm of mechanical engineering, where efficiency is paramount, understanding and quantifying these coefficients play a crucial role in designing and optimizing mechanical systems. The research objectives encompass the development and testing of the experimental device, rigorous analysis of the results, and an assessment of its practicality and accuracy in discerning friction coefficients within advancing mechanisms. Originating from the practical necessity of designing a mechanism for advancing composite rods in manufacturing lines, this research delves into the importance of characterizing friction coefficients in bar element mechanisms. The methodology involves the implementation and testing of the experimental device under controlled conditions, data collection, and the application of analytical techniques to evaluate friction coefficients. The obtained results provide a nuanced understanding of friction coefficients in bar feed mechanisms, with implications for the design and optimization of mechanical systems. The conclusions emphasize the need for careful analysis of frictional forces to enhance the performance and durability of these mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper looks at the surface quality acquired during the laser cutting of metallic materials, with an emphasis on S235JR. We conducted studies on a FiberMak Momentum Gen-2 laser cutting machine to determine the effect of process settings on surface quality. We varied laser beam power and feed rate while keeping other parameters constant, such as nozzle diameter, CO2 pressure, and focal length. Results showed that surface quality is significantly influenced by these parameters. We identified two distinct zones on the cut surface: one with favorable roughness and another with less favorable roughness. Overall, increasing laser beam power led to improved surface quality, while increasing the feed rate resulted in a degradation of the surface. By analyzing the experimental data, we identified an optimal parameter combination for achieving high surface quality. These discoveries have practical applications in business and help to a theoretical knowledge of the laser cutting process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]