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El presente artículo propone un espacio crítico en el que pensar las imágenes pornográficas desde la perspectiva de sus trabajadorxs. La interrogación se plantea como una pregunta abierta, abordada desde una polifonía de voces de diversas investigadoras, y se estructura bajo la forma de un montaje indisciplinado con diversos diálogos, imágenes y gestos en torno a los estatutos y modos de producción de los imaginarios pornográficos, al tiempo que se interroga cómo estasformas de representación abren un cuestionamiento por la propia noción de trabajo cuando esta se encuentra con las prácticas sexuales. Las conversaciones tuvieron lugar durante el mes de marzo del 2021, en el contexto de la residencia artística de la investigadora Andrea Corrales Devesa en Casa Planas (Mallorca), enfocada a la imagen pornográfica. No obstante, eldiálogo se había iniciado en el año 2019, en un proyecto anterior titulado "La dimensión material de la imagen pornográfica" y en las discusiones sostenidas en el grupo de investigación "Cultura visual e imagen pornográfica", dirigidos por la misma investigadora en el Centre del Carme Cultura Contemporània de Valencia. La problemática en su proceso de investigación solicitaba revisar críticamente su metodología como práctica individual para abrirse a una fricción en el diálogo con pensadorxs, trabajadorxs, organizaciones y grupos que permitieran mantener una mirada horizontal y situada en este proceso de investigación. Los fragmentos de diálogos recogidos en este escrito convocan a tres investigadoras: Lucía Egaña, Linda Porn y Andrea Soto Calderón, quienes conversan con Andrea Corrales Devesa y orbitan alrededor de un análisis más amplio que se interesa por los materiales, las infraestructuras y sus corpo-realidades en lo relativo a la pornografía online. Tenemos como objetivo estimular reflexiones, pero, ante todo, abrir interrogantes sobre la dimensión performativa del ver, el estatuto de verdad respecto a la imagen y las economías de verificación de la imagen pornográfica, así como las sospechas históricas hacia la supuesta condición manipuladora de las imágenes —especialmente de aquellas más feminizadas, como es el caso de las imágenes pornográficas o pornodefinidas. De igual manera, nos interesa atender a cómo en estas articulaciones se definen realidades laborales muy específicas en las industrias cultural y pornográfica, y cómo ambas intervienen de manera definitiva en la producción imaginante y los universos de posibilidad de dichas imágenes. La propuesta es la de una presentación fragmentaria e interdisciplinar, buscando activar un pensamiento nodal y evocativo más que transmitir un conocimiento probablemente imposible de habitar fuera de sus contextos materiales.

El presente artículo propone un espacio crítico en el que pensar las imágenes pornográficas desde la perspectiva de sus trabajadorxs. La interrogación se plantea como una pregunta abierta, abordada desde una polifonía de voces de diversas investigadoras, y se estructura bajo la forma de un montaje indisciplinado con diversos diálogos, imágenes y gestos en torno a los estatutos y modos de producción de los imaginarios pornográficos, al tiempo que se interroga cómo estasformas de representación abren un cuestionamiento por la propia noción de trabajo cuando esta se encuentra con las prácticas sexuales. Las conversaciones tuvieron lugar durante el mes de marzo del 2021, en el contexto de la residencia artística de la investigadora Andrea Corrales Devesa en Casa Planas (Mallorca), enfocada a la imagen pornográfica. No obstante, eldiálogo se había iniciado en el año 2019, en un proyecto anterior titulado "La dimensión material de la imagen pornográfica" y en las discusiones sostenidas en el grupo de investigación "Cultura visual e imagen pornográfica", dirigidos por la misma investigadora en el Centre del Carme Cultura Contemporània de Valencia. La problemática en su proceso de investigación solicitaba revisar críticamente su metodología como práctica individual para abrirse a una fricción en el diálogo con pensadorxs, trabajadorxs, organizaciones y grupos que permitieran mantener una mirada horizontal y situada en este proceso de investigación. Los fragmentos de diálogos recogidos en este escrito convocan a tres investigadoras: Lucía Egaña, Linda Porn y Andrea Soto Calderón, quienes conversan con Andrea Corrales Devesa y orbitan alrededor de un análisis más amplio que se interesa por los materiales, las infraestructuras y sus corpo-realidades en lo relativo a la pornografía online. Tenemos como objetivo estimular reflexiones, pero, ante todo, abrir interrogantes sobre la dimensión performativa del ver, el estatuto de verdad respecto a la imagen y las economías de verificación de la imagen pornográfica, así como las sospechas históricas hacia la supuesta condición manipuladora de las imágenes —especialmente de aquellas más feminizadas, como es el caso de las imágenes pornográficas o pornodefinidas. De igual manera, nos interesa atender a cómo en estas articulaciones se definen realidades laborales muy específicas en las industrias cultural y pornográfica, y cómo ambas intervienen de manera definitiva en la producción imaginante y los universos de posibilidad de dichas imágenes. La propuesta es la de una presentación fragmentaria e interdisciplinar, buscando activar un pensamiento nodal y evocativo más que transmitir un conocimiento probablemente imposible de habitar fuera de sus contextos materiales. This article proposes a critical space from which to think about pornographic images from the perspective of their workers. The interrogation is posed as an open question approached from a polyphony of voices of different researchers, and is structured in the form of an undisciplined montage between various dialogues, images and gestures, around the statutes and modes of production of pornographic imaginaries, while questioning how these forms of representation open a questioning of the very notion of work when it meets sexual practices. The development of the conversations took place during the month of March 2021 in the context of an artistic residency of the researcher Andrea Corrales Devesa at Casa Planas (Mallorca) around the pornographic image. Dialogue that had begun in 2019, in a previous project entitled "The material dimension of the pornographic image" and from the discussions held in the research group "Visual culture and pornographic image" led by the same researcher at the Centre del Carme Cultura Contemporània in Valencia that same year. The problematic in her research process requested a critical revision of her methodology as an individual practice in order to open up to a friction in the dialogue with thinkers, workers, organizations and groups that would allow her to maintain a horizontal and situated gaze in this research process. The fragments of dialogues collected in this writing summon three researchers, Lucía Egaña, Linda Porn and Andrea Soto Calderón, who converse with Andrea Corrales Devesa and orbit around a broader analysis that is interested in materials, infrastructures and their corpo-realities in relation to online pornography, and aim to stimulate reflections, but above all, open up questions about the issues of the performative dimension of seeing, the status of truth with respect to the image and the economies of verification of the pornographic image, as well as the historical suspicions towards the supposedly manipulative condition of images - especially those more feminized, as is the case of pornographic or pornodefinite images. Likewise, we are interested in how these articulations define very specific labor realities of work in the cultural and pornographic industry, and how both intervene in a definitive way in the imaginative production and the universes of possibility of such images. The proposal is that of a fragmentary and interdisciplinary presentation, seeking to activate a nodal and evocative thought rather than transmitting a knowledge that is probably impossible to inhabit outside its material contexts.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy in the human population affecting an estimated 8% of the world population, especially those living in areas of past and present malaria endemicity. Decreased G6PD enzymatic activity is associated with drug-induced hemolysis and increased risk of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia leading to brain damage. The G6PD gene is on the X chromosome therefore mutations cause enzymatic deficiency in hemizygote males and homozygote females while the majority of heterozygous females have an intermediate activity (between 30-80% of normal) with a large distribution into the range of deficiency and normality. Current G6PD qualitative tests are unable to diagnose G6PD intermediate activities which could hinder wide use of 8-aminoquinolines for Plasmodium vivax elimination. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic performances of the new Carestart G6PD quantitative biosensor.A total of 150 samples of venous blood with G6PD deficient, intermediate and normal phenotypes were collected among healthy volunteers living along the north-western Thailand-Myanmar border. Samples were analyzed by complete blood count, by gold standard spectrophotometric assay using Trinity kits and by the latest model of Carestart G6PD biosensor which analyzes both G6PD and hemoglobin.Bland-Altman comparison of the CareStart normalized G6PD values to that of the gold standard assay showed a strong bias in values resulting in poor area under-the-curve values for both 30% and 80% thresholds. Performing a receiver operator curve identified threshold values for the CareStart product equivalent to the 30% and 80% gold standard values with good sensitivity and specificity values, 100% and 92% (for 30% G6PD activity) and 92% and 94% (for 80% activity) respectively.The Carestart G6PD biosensor represents a significant improvement for quantitative diagnosis of G6PD deficiency over previous versions. Further improvements and validation studies are required to assess its utility for informing radical cure decisions in malaria endemic settings.

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an inherited enzymatic disorder associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and acute haemolysis after exposure to certain drugs or infections. The disorder can be diagnosed phenotypically with a fluorescent spot test (FST), which is a simple test that requires training and basic laboratory equipment. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performances of the FST used on umbilical cord blood by locally-trained staff and to compare test results of the neonates at birth with the results after one month of age. Methods: We conducted a cohort study on newborns at the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, along the Thai-Myanmar border between January 2015 and May 2016. The FST was performed at birth on the umbilical cord blood by locally-trained staff and quality controlled by specialised technicians at the central laboratory. The FST was repeated after one month of age. Genotyping for common local G6PD mutations was carried out for all discrepant results. Results: FST was performed on 1521 umbilical cord blood samples. Quality control and genotyping revealed 10 misdiagnoses. After quality control, 10.7% of the males (84/786) and 1.2% of the females (9/735) were phenotypically G6PD deficient at birth. The FST repeated at one month of age or later diagnosed 8 additional G6PD deficient infants who were phenotypically normal at birth. Conclusions: This study shows the short-comings of the G6PD FST in neonatal routine screening and highlights the importance of training and quality control. A more conservative interpretation of the FST in male newborns could increase the diagnostic performances. Quantitative point-of-care tests might show higher sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of G6PD deficiency on umbilical cord blood and should be investigated.

Objective: This participatory action research aimed to develop natural childbirth services model and to study the outcome of the model by investigating the satisfaction levels of clients and significant others and studying the problems and barriers and possibility for using natural childbirth services model. Material and Methods: The subjects were 90 persons included nurses, clients and significant others. Instruments were a questionnaire for collecting qualitative data and satisfaction questionnaires for clients and significant others. The reliabilities were 0.92 and 0.93 respectively. Qualitative data were analyzed using analytic inductive statistics, while the quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The models of natural childbirth services were the operational workshops, demonstrations and practices in natural childbirth delivery. Results concerning the levels of satisfaction on the services on natural childbirth services among the clients and significant others were at a highest level (mean=4.37, standard deviation=0.43 and mean=4.39, standard deviation=0.43, respectively). The results on problems, barriers and possibility in using natural childbirth services model were found dependent on the three factors of the hospital policy, administration, and the clients and significant others. Conclusion: This model was appropriate for the nurses and could make them more capable and skillful in providing natural childbirth services; this should lead to higher satisfaction level, among the clients and significant others. This model will be widely applicable for further use in natural childbirth services.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the level of knowledge and level of expected services about natural childbirth of midwives in southern Thailand. Materials and Methods: Subjects consisted of 300 midwives working in the 14 provinces of southern Thailand. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing items asking about the knowledge and the expected services about natural childbirth. The reliability of test items relating to the two variables in the research instrument were 0.74 and 0.81, respectively. The collected data were analyzed for correlation using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s product moment coefficient correlation test for correlation. Results: It was found that the mean level of overall knowledge about natural childbirth was very high (X = 25.09, S.D. = 3.62). Regarding the expected services about natural childbirth, it was found that the overall mean was at a high level (X = 112.59, S.D. = 11.76). It was also found that the correlation between knowledge and the expected services about natural childbirth of midwives was statistically and positively significant at a moderate level (r = 0.58, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Results from the present study are beneficial to hospital administrators and related personnel in making policy on providing natural childbirth services in the south of Thailand. Midwives had a very high level of overall knowledge about natural childbirth. They also had a high level of overall expected services about natural childbirth.

Foram realizados levantamentos mensais em duas localidades no Município, fragmento da Vila Faguense e do Santuário de Schoenstatt, os quais distam entre si em 1.500 m, entre março de 2005 e abril de 2006. Em 140 horas de amostragem foram registrados 3.123 indivíduos distribuídos em 169 espécies. Nymphalidae foi a família mais amostrada com aproximadamente 53% das espécies registradas. Nove espécies ainda não haviam sido registradas para o Estado. O índice de Diversidade de Shannon-Wiener foi maior no fragmento da Vila Faguense, local menos perturbado. Os índices de dominância de Simpson e Berger-Parker foram mais representativos no Santuário de Schoenstatt, com maior número de espécies abundantes. Foram registradas em Frederico Westphalen 126 (74,55%) espécies acidentais, 25 acessórias (14,80%) e 18 constantes (10,65%).A systematic survey was carried out in two localities of the Municipal District of Frederico Westphalen, fragment of Villa Faguense and Schoenstatt's Sanctuary, situated 1,500 m apart, from March 2005 to April 2006. In 140 hours of sampling, 3123 individuals, distributed in 169 species, were registered. Nymphalidae was the most sampled with approximately 53% of the recorded species. Nine species sampled were still no registered for the State. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in fragment of Villa Faguense, place less disturbed. The Simpson and Berger-Parker dominance indexes had been more representative in fragment of Schoenstatt Sanctuary, with higher number of abundant species. Among the species captured 126 (74,55%) are accidental, 25 (14,80%) are accessory and 18 (10,65%) are constant.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a disponibilidade de N para as culturas de milho e trigo com diferentes métodos de adubação nitrogenada. O estudo foi realizado na Universidade de Cruz Alta, em Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico argiloso, com seis anos no sistema plantio direto. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por combinaç��es de diferentes épocas e doses de aplicação de N. As épocas foram: em pré-semeadura, na semeadura das culturas e em cobertura. As doses foram: zero, 30 e 90kg ha-1 de N para a cultura do milho e zero, 30 e 60kg ha-1 de N para a cultura do trigo. Os valores de N mineral no solo foram afetados pelas doses e épocas das aplicações. A quantidade de N mineral no solo proveniente da adubação nitrogenada na cultura do milho diminuiu rapidamente após a aplicação. A época de aplicação de N, considerando a mesma dose, seja parcelada ou não, não influenciou a produção de matéria seca, N acumulado e produtividade de grãos. Foi observada variação somente entre as doses totais aplicadas, independentemente das épocas. As maiores produtividades de grãos foram obtidas com a utilização das doses mais elevadas de N. Em termos gerais, observou-se que a aplicação parcelada de N, na semeadura e em cobertura, conferiu as melhores produtividades, possivelmente devido a menores perdas de N e a maximização da absorção de N pelas plantas de milho e de trigo.

Abstract The aim is to study how a multilingual girl develops her understanding and use of the Finnish word tahti 'star' and, in so doing, to contribute to the understanding [...]

Fasting induces numerous adaptive changes in metabolism by several central signaling pathways, the most important represented by the HNF4[alpha]/ PGC-1[alpha]-pathway. Because HNF4[alpha] has been identified as central regulator of basolateral bile acid transporters and a previous study reports increased basolateral bile acid uptake into the liver during fasting, we hypothesized that HNF4[alpha] is involved in fasting-induced bile acid uptake via upregulation of basolateral bile acid transporters. In rats, mRNA of Ntcp, Oatp 1, and Oatp2 were significantly increased after 48 h of fasting. Protein expression as determined by Western blot showed significant increases for all three transporters 72 h after the onset of fasting. Whereas binding activity of HNF1[alpha] in electrophoretic mobility shift assays remained unchanged, HNF4[alpha] binding activity to the Ntcp promoter was increased significantly. In line with this result, we found significantly increased mRNA expression of HNF4[alpha] and HNF1[alpha]. Functional studies in HepG2 cells revealed an increased endogenous NTCP mRNA expression upon cotransfection with either HNF4[alpha], PGC-1[alpha], or a combination of both. We conclude that upregulation of the basolateral bile acid transporters Ntcp, Oatp1, and Oatp2 in fasted rats is mediated via the HNF4[alpha]/PGC-1[alpha] pathway. bile salt transport; HNF4; PGC-1; Ntcp; Oatp

Trim-loss problems or cutting stock problems involves solutions to the cutting of product paper rolls from raw paper rolls and the minimization of costs for over production. Trim loss problems associated with the paper industry in a Finnish paper converting firm are presented to explain the dissimilarities in numerical solutions. Results reveal that while the problem can be converted from linear to convex forms and be solved either as mixed-integer or convex-mixed integer non linear programming models, numerical efficiency solutions differ according to transformation.