61 results on '"Porotto, Alessandro"'
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2. The Search for Quality Housing: From 2000 Onwards
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. L'intelligence des formes
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
Logement collectif ,Vienne ,Francfort ,Typologie ,Housing ,Urban planning ,bic Book Industry Communication::A The arts::AM Architecture::AMK Residential buildings, domestic buildings - Abstract
Les expériences de politique urbaine menées à Vienne et à Francfort dans l’entre-deux-guerres – Das rote Wien et Das neue Frankfurt – constituent aujourd’hui encore des références incontournables dans l’histoire du logement collectif en Europe. Les modèles architecturaux à l’origine de leur conception, le Hof à Vienne et la Siedlung à Francfort, représentent les «polarités extrêmes» des logements réalisés à cette époque. S’ils ont fait l’objet de nombreuses études, le principe de complémentarité qu’y décèle Alessandro Porotto à travers son analyse rigoureuse offre une piste de réflexion originale, que ce soit pour l’étude historique ou pour le potentiel architectural de ces réalisations. Au-delà de la compréhension documentaire des expériences viennoise et francfortoise, l’auteur les conçoit comme deux paradigmes d’organismes urbains appartenant pleinement à la ville contemporaine. À travers cette étude comparative émergent ainsi des questions cruciales quant au projet de logement collectif et à son évolution future. Sans s’arrêter sur des préjugés idéologiques, L’intelligence des formes présente une analyse critique allant de l’échelle de la ville au plan de logement pour présenter les résultats de ces deux modèles alternatifs de projet. Les documents d’archives viennent étoffer une série exhaustive de «redessins» méticuleux qui dévoile les complexités de ces ensembles, permettant de comparer aisément leurs spécificités typologiques. Les redessins de l’auteur forment ainsi, comme le signale Bruno Marchand dans sa préface, un lien très fort entre l’architecture et l’urbain. Associés au texte, ils donnent au lecteur un outil clé dans la compréhension des formes de logement, de leur vocation collective et de leur intelligence.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Vienna's Höfe
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. From hof to homes: interwar housing exchange between Vienna and Atlanta
- Author
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Crawford, Christina E., primary and Porotto, Alessandro, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The Search for Quality Housing: From 2000 Onwards
- Author
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UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Porotto, Alessandro, UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Over the past two decades, housing has once again become a matter of urgent debate in Brussels. Challenges brought about a series of crises and changes that began in the 20th century have required the development and implementation of new strategies. This is the situation that any innovative housing agenda must face as we transition into the 21st century. Recent housing projects have transformed the city of Brussels according to various strategies that respond in diverse ways to the four following axes: addressing demographic changes; creating sustainable buildings; conceiving new forms of collectivity; experimenting with space. Contemporary housing initiatives in Brussels are presented according to eight themes, ranging from those most closely resembling the dominant type to those with more innovative and experimental forms.
- Published
- 2023
7. Brussels Housing: A Typology
- Author
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UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Ledent, Gérald, Porotto, Alessandro, UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Ledent, Gérald, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
This book sets out to analyse and illustrate the various housing forms that exist in Brussels. This objective is undertaken from an architectural viewpoint by examining the spatial features of housing across the various phases of the city’s evolution, from its origin to its golden age at the turn of the 20th century, and on to contemporary practice. In addition to documenting the qualities of housing itself, the book investigates the mechanisms that drove housing’s evolution and the ways in which housing production has shaped the city.
- Published
- 2023
8. Brussels Housing. Atlas of Residential Building Types
- Author
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UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Ledent, Gérald, Porotto, Alessandro, UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Ledent, Gérald, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Brussels housing is extremely diverse, as anyone walking around the city will readily appreciate. Its traditional urban block consists of single-family terraced houses, usually two to three storeys high and with a garden at the rear. Here, this bourgeois housing type evolved into a particularly broad range – including the well-known Art Nouveau residences – and still forms the “DNA” of the city. Today, many other housing forms have emerged in the city; thus, Brussels’ residential building types comprise narrow gabled-roofed houses standing side by side with modernist apartment buildings, 19th-century mansions, and brand new condominiums. This typical Belgian layering of housing solutions makes for a visually poetic chaos, creating at times a surreal cityscape but also providing answers for the challenges of housing design. The three chapters of this publication explore Brussels’ housing typologies from the origins of the city to the present day. More than 100 selected case studies are documented with scaled drawings and photographs. The works by photographer Maxime Delvaux trace a promenade comprising an expressive journey through the Belgian capital and its varied cityscapes. The book offers a broad panorama and a history of the architecture and urban development of Brussels.
- Published
- 2023
9. Brussels Housing: A Typology
- Author
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Ledent, Gérald, Porotto, Alessandro, and UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment
- Subjects
architecture ,floor plans ,collective housing ,urban history ,Brussels ,housing slabs ,urban architecture ,terrace housing - Abstract
This book sets out to analyse and illustrate the various housing forms that exist in Brussels. This objective is undertaken from an architectural viewpoint by examining the spatial features of housing across the various phases of the city’s evolution, from its origin to its golden age at the turn of the 20th century, and on to contemporary practice. In addition to documenting the qualities of housing itself, the book investigates the mechanisms that drove housing’s evolution and the ways in which housing production has shaped the city.
- Published
- 2023
10. Brussels Housing
- Author
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Ledent, Gérald, primary and Porotto, Alessandro, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. From hofto homes: interwar housing exchange between Vienna and Atlanta
- Author
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Crawford, Christina E. and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Techwood Homes (1937) in Atlanta, Georgia, was both the first federally funded public housing in the US and a synthesis of early twentieth-century European mass housing accomplishments. This article uses Techwood as a lens through which to view transnational design exchange in the Interwar/New Deal period — here, between Red Vienna and Jim Crow Atlanta. In 1933, Atlanta real-estate mogul turned housing crusader Charles F. Palmer secured funding through Roosevelt’s New Deal for Techwood Homes. In 1934, Palmer took a grand tour of European social housing sites to gather precedents for Atlanta. Vienna was a highlight of his trip. Palmer met policymakers to learn about financing, toured the Karl Marx-Hof and other municipal socialist housing projects, took his own photographs and moving picture films, and gathered promotional materials. Concrete urban design connections between the Hof and the Homes include: low site coverage (around 15%), rational yet non-rigid site planning, efficient housing units, abundant collective facilities, and high-quality garden and playground design. A comparative analysis of the two sites allows for critical assessment of why, how, and in what ways European housing principles crossed the Atlantic, and how urban design ideas are globalised then adjust to local scale.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Referential housing type for the 21st century city: new typo-morphological strategies in Brussels
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, Gérald Ledent, and UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme
- Subjects
Typology ,Brussels ,Referential housing type ,Urban identity ,Housing design - Abstract
The hypothesis of this paper is that a specific urban identity can be traced back to the residential spaces of the city. The concept of referential housing type, defined as the archetypal and most ordinary residential type in a specific place throughout its urban history, is the most effective tool to disclose the identity of cities. Its benefits are threefold. It reveals the socio-cultural character of a place, enables a better understanding of other forms of housing, and sets a basic vocabulary from which it is possible to interpret new forms of housing. Utilizing the case study of Brussels, this paper aims to adopt an innovative approach that can further investigate the transformations and identity of cities. Although there can be a foundation type for each historical period, a city is characterized by a single referential type. Therefore, the referential type allows a dynamic analysis and understanding of the built environment’s evolutionary mechanisms, providing a basis for addressing future changes. The referential type deals with both housing legacies and new housing typologies, which are designed to meet current challenges of sustainability and social changes. It can provide new suggestions for housing design, concerning, for instance, urban densification and living quality. The investigation of urban identity thus plays an important role in the design of the 21st century city.
- Published
- 2021
13. From Hof To Homes: Interwar Urban Design Exchange between Vienna and Atlanta
- Author
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Crawford, Christina, Porotto, Alessandro, and UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment
- Abstract
The urban design project Techwood Homes in Atlanta, Georgia(1937) represents both the first federally funded public housing in the US and a synthesis of early 20th c. European mass housing accomplishments. This paper uses the development of Techwood as a lens through which to view both the process of, and result from,transnational urban design exchange in the Interwar/New Deal period—here, between Red Vienna and Jim Crow Atlanta. Public housing in the US originated in 1933, when Atlanta real-estate mogul turned housing crusader, Charles Palmer, successfully secured slum clearance and low-cost housing funding through President FDR’s National Industrial Recovery Act. In 1934, during Techwood Homes' project development, Palmer took a European Grand Tour of social housing to visit projects he deemed worthy of study and possible replication in Atlanta. Vienna was a highlight of his trip, confirmed by his autobiography, Adventures of a Slum Fighter (1955). Palmer toured the Karl Marx-Hof, among other Viennese municipal socialist housing projects, took his own photographs and moving picture films, and gathered promotional materials. He also met important policymakers of the Viennese initiative to pose questions about financing, site planning, and programming. Concrete urban design connections between the Karl-Marx Hof and Techwood Homes include low site coverage (around 15%); rational yet non-rigid site planning; high-quality garden and playground design; abundant collective facilities; and rich materiality. This co-authored comparative analysis of the two sites, based on archival documentation and analytical redrawing of both projects, allows for critical assessment of why, how, and in what ways European urban design principles crossed the Atlantic. By focusing on the particular relationship between the Hof and the Homes, this paper aims to demonstrate how urban design ideas are globalized, then adjust to local scale.
- Published
- 2021
14. Referential housing type for the 21st century city: new typo-morphological strategies in Brussels
- Author
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UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, Porotto, Alessandro, Ledent, Gérald, UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, Porotto, Alessandro, and Ledent, Gérald
- Abstract
The hypothesis of this paper is that a specific urban identity can be traced back to the residential spaces of the city. The concept of referential housing type, defined as the archetypal and most ordinary residential type in a specific place throughout its urban history, is the most effective tool to disclose the identity of cities. Its benefits are threefold. It reveals the socio-cultural character of a place, enables a better understanding of other forms of housing, and sets a basic vocabulary from which it is possible to interpret new forms of housing. Utilizing the case study of Brussels, this paper aims to adopt an innovative approach that can further investigate the transformations and identity of cities. Although there can be a foundation type for each historical period, a city is characterized by a single referential type. Therefore, the referential type allows a dynamic analysis and understanding of the built environment’s evolutionary mechanisms, providing a basis for addressing future changes. The referential type deals with both housing legacies and new housing typologies, which are designed to meet current challenges of sustainability and social changes. It can provide new suggestions for housing design, concerning, for instance, urban densification and living quality. The investigation of urban identity thus plays an important role in the design of the 21st century city.
- Published
- 2021
15. Crisis and Transition: Forms of Collective Housing in Brussels
- Author
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UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, Porotto, Alessandro, Ledent, Gérald, UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, Porotto, Alessandro, and Ledent, Gérald
- Abstract
Focusing on the Brussels urban environment, this paper investigates spatial mutations produced by key critical transitions to accommodate new social and living conditions for collective purposes. Using CAD re-drawings, a systematic comparison of residential schemes identifies the evolutionary mechanism that connects manifold changes in the city and domestic spaces. This analysis defines a genealogical framework to observe how specific residential archetypes have shaped Brussels’ sociocultural identity and distinguishes contemporary housing initiatives dealing with current and future challenges. While during the 19th century, interwar, and postwar periods, spatial features evolved from individual, single-family houses to residential schemes bearing collective, egalitarian dwellings, contemporary initiatives are relevant for their experimental solutions, translating into housing design new collective ways of living. This trajectory demonstrates that collective housing provides new insights for designing future types of urban housing. Brussels contemporary housing can shed light on the fact that current crises generated by urban issues, such as demographic growth, migratory and gentrification dynamics, affordability and the COVID-19 pandemic, are accelerating the transition towards the 21st-century city. Eventually, the Belgian capital now has the opportunity to combine two crucial questions, such as typological innovation and sustainability, to successfully approach the coming transition period from social and environmental perspectives.
- Published
- 2021
16. Vienna's Höfe: How housing builds the collective
- Author
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UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, Porotto, Alessandro, UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
The housing projects carried out in Vienna during the Interwar period, usually grouped under the name ‘Red Vienna,’ were executed in light of a precise architectural model: the Hof, loosely translated as ‘superblock’ or ‘large courtyard block.’ This model was at the core of planning policies and new dwelling initiatives, a reaction to both the accelerated metropolitan growth and an acute housing shortage. To the Viennese, housing started to become a public utility and part of a wider and multifaceted social view, being thus considered a fundamental element to the construction of the city. The housing policy guidelines stressed the need for ornamental gardens, for the allowance of sufficient area for all to receive as much sunlight as possible, for the provision of play areas for children, rest areas for adults, room for planting and even for ice rinks. Gardens separate the pedestrian path from the leisure areas, usually placed in the middle of the courtyard.
- Published
- 2021
17. From Hof To Homes: Interwar Urban Design Exchange between Vienna and Atlanta
- Author
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UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Crawford, Christina, Porotto, Alessandro, UCL - SST/LAB - Louvain research institute for Landscape, Architecture, Built environment, Crawford, Christina, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
The urban design project Techwood Homes in Atlanta, Georgia(1937) represents both the first federally funded public housing in the US and a synthesis of early 20th c. European mass housing accomplishments. This paper uses the development of Techwood as a lens through which to view both the process of, and result from,transnational urban design exchange in the Interwar/New Deal period—here, between Red Vienna and Jim Crow Atlanta. Public housing in the US originated in 1933, when Atlanta real-estate mogul turned housing crusader, Charles Palmer, successfully secured slum clearance and low-cost housing funding through President FDR’s National Industrial Recovery Act. In 1934, during Techwood Homes' project development, Palmer took a European Grand Tour of social housing to visit projects he deemed worthy of study and possible replication in Atlanta. Vienna was a highlight of his trip, confirmed by his autobiography, Adventures of a Slum Fighter (1955). Palmer toured the Karl Marx-Hof, among other Viennese municipal socialist housing projects, took his own photographs and moving picture films, and gathered promotional materials. He also met important policymakers of the Viennese initiative to pose questions about financing, site planning, and programming. Concrete urban design connections between the Karl-Marx Hof and Techwood Homes include low site coverage (around 15%); rational yet non-rigid site planning; high-quality garden and playground design; abundant collective facilities; and rich materiality. This co-authored comparative analysis of the two sites, based on archival documentation and analytical redrawing of both projects, allows for critical assessment of why, how, and in what ways European urban design principles crossed the Atlantic. By focusing on the particular relationship between the Hof and the Homes, this paper aims to demonstrate how urban design ideas are globalized, then adjust to local scale.
- Published
- 2021
18. Crisis and Transition: Forms of Collective Housing in Brussels
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary and Ledent, Gérald, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Ernst May à Francfort
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Housing Facing Transitions: Domestic Spaces and Uses Build Brussels
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, Ledent, Gérald, 17th AHRA International Conference – Housing and the City, and UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme
- Subjects
Typology ,Brussels ,Referential Housing Type ,Social Practice ,Housing Design ,Urban Planning - Abstract
This paper investigates how residential spaces shape the specific urban identity. By means of the case study of Brussels, it aims to provide an innovative approach that can explore in new ways the typical characters of a city and their transformation. The concept of ‘referential housing type’, defined as the archetypal and most ordinary residential type in a specific place throughout urban history, is able to disclose both typological persistence and discontinuity of residential spaces over time. Thus, the referential type can illustrate and provide means of understanding in a more dynamic way the evolutionary mechanisms of dwelling in a built environment, dealing with the legacies of the 20th century and providing a basis for addressing future changes. The referential housing type has three main attributes: it reveals the socio-cultural character of a place, enables a better understanding of other residential types and provides a possible base of interpretation for new forms of housing and living. New dwelling types are designed to meet to meet contemporary climate and energy challenges, but they should also reflect evolving needs and uses in a specific setting. This paper aims to compare the impact of the uses and spaces transformations on the city development of Brussels, in order to assess their ability to embody the urban identity. By means of re-drawings, this analysis evaluates the typological permanence or discontinuity within the urban fabric. Hence, by clarifying the specific set of features, the referential housing type plays an important role in increasing the knowledge on the contemporary urban condition and in providing new tools for conceiving the 21st century city.
- Published
- 2020
21. Referential Housing Type for the 21st Century City: New Typo-morphological Strategies in Brussels
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, Ledent, Gérald, XXVII Conference of the International Seminar on Urban Form – ISUF 2020 The 21st Century City, and UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme
- Subjects
Typology ,Brussels ,Referential Housing Type ,Urban Identiy ,Housing Design - Abstract
The hypothesis of this paper is that a specific urban identity can be traced back to the residential spaces of the city. The concept of referential housing type, defined as the archetypal and most ordinary residential type in a specific place throughout its urban history, is the most effective tool to disclose the identity of cities. Its benefits are threefold. It reveals the socio-cultural character of a place, enables a better understanding of other forms of housing, and sets a basic vocabulary from which it is possible to interpret new forms of housing. Utilizing the case study of Brussels, this paper aims to adopt an innovative approach that can further investigate the transformations and identity of cities. Although there can be a foundation type for each historical period, a city is characterized by a single referential type. Therefore, the referential type allows a dynamic analysis and understanding of the built environment’s evolutionary mechanisms, providing a basis for addressing future changes. The referential type deals with both housing legacies and new housing typologies, which are designed to meet current challenges of sustainability and social changes. It can provide new suggestions for housing design, concerning, for instance, urban densification and living quality. The investigation of urban identity thus plays an important role in the design of the 21st century city.
- Published
- 2020
22. Esperienze concrete di una crescita moderna e democratica
- Author
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Monterumisi, Chiara, Porotto, Alessandro, Monterumisi, Chiara, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Commentary of the exhibition "HOUSING - Frankfurt Wien Stockholm" 18 September- 2 November 2018 EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Project room Archizoom, Bâtiment SG foyer Curators: LCC - Laboratory of Construction and Conservation
- Published
- 2020
23. Discreet Aesthetics: Notes on Heinrich Tessenow’s Architecture and Collective Housing
- Author
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UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, Porotto, Alessandro, UCL - SST/ILOC - Faculté d'Architecture, d'Ingénierie architecturale, d'Urbanisme, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Despite being considerably overlooked in architectural manuals, German architect Heinrich Tessenow (1876-1950) can be considered one of the most insightful interpreters of a collective vision of society that is based on the clarity of architectural aesthetics. This paper investigates Tessenow’s theoretical contributions and projects, which have played a fundamental role in the establishment of a discreet – but intense – architectural language that embodies the aesthetics of collective housing. His work can be defined as having set out the basic and logical principles of this language, as well as the ethics of the architect’s craft. Tessenow’s concern with building a new society based on the concept of “living together,” through the development of a new image with which the inhabitants could identify themselves, lends its critical understanding to the assessment of contemporary conditions. This paper compares Tessenow’s theories with contributions by philosopher José Ortega y Gasset and sociologists Norbert Elias and Zygmunt Bauman, who stress a social tendency towards individualization and the importance of a return to a collective consciousness. The issues affecting contemporary society can be observed through the role that architectural aesthetics plays in a society’s identity and ethics. Even the most innovative contemporary projects of collective housing in Europe have failed to consider such pressing social aspects. They tend to interpret collective housing’s needs from functional, constructive, and economic points of view. The resulting contemporary landscape is one that drives towards aesthetic variety, not only without creating a unified image of the city, but also taking to new extremes the diversity of the architectural language that characterizes the urban scenery. As a critical response to this current trend, departing from Tessenow’s contribution, this paper aims to formulate reflections on the importance today to provide initiatives for the future with
- Published
- 2020
24. Discreet Aesthetics: Notes on Heinrich Tessenow’s Architecture and Collective Housing
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. L'intelligence des formes
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. “HOUSING Frankfurt Wien Stockholm”: Exhibition of 1920s–1930s Housing Initiatives
- Author
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Monterumisi, Chiara, primary and Porotto, Alessandro, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. New Perspectives on the II CIAM onwards: How Does Housing Build Cities?
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary and Monterumisi, Chiara, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. “HOUSING Frankfurt Wien Stockholm”: Exhibition of 1920s-1930s Housing Initiatives
- Author
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Monterumisi, Chiara, Porotto, Alessandro, Monterumisi, Chiara, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Frankfurt, Vienna and Stockholm: three European cities which played a fundamental role in the housing policies implemented during the inter-war period. The research projects and teaching activity carried out at the EPFL in the Laboratory of Construction and Conservation focuses on this specific historic context. The experiences of these three cities with regard to housing are well documented from a historical viewpoint that, however, show many shortcomings with regards to the architectural analysis. The provided examples sum up simultaneously the social dynamics, the cultural milieu, as well as the adopted intentions and political programme. The exhibition aims at producing fresh knowledge of the three contributions to modern housing available to students, scholars, professors and architectural practitioners. The goal is to compare a selection of remarkable housing neighbourhoods through the different scales of the project, ranging from the relation with the city till the dwelling unit layout. The produced drawings and documents show the morphological and typological variety. Frankfurt, Vienna and Stockholm equally illustrate different ways of designing the collective space - that is the intermediary space in-between the communal and private – which is a crucial feature of the “living together”.
- Published
- 2019
29. New Perspectives on the II CIAM onwards: How Does Housing Build Cities?
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro, Monterumisi, Chiara, Porotto, Alessandro, and Monterumisi, Chiara
- Abstract
Far from nostalgically celebrate the 90th anniversary of the second CIAM, which indeed opened in October 1929 in Frankfurt, the present issue is intended as collective work, a springboard which aims to widen the debate over housing experiences beyond geographical and temporal frameworks. The focus of that event, the Existenzminimum, has often been cited as representing a fundamental contribution to the rational design of the modern dwelling. But the debates during that event went beyond the definition of this concept, because demonstrated, on the one hand, how the responsibility of architects would imply the resolution of multiple technical aspects, starting from the typological concern stretching towards the town planning aspects, and on the other hand, the calling to develop a multifaceted intellectual vision of society. Though the title selected for the present issue, namely ‘Housing Builds Cities’, denotes the different scales of the project, the aim is to achieve a something more. First and foremost, the objective is not strictly confined to a historical understanding of facts around the 1929 congress. Today a critically objective approach is useful to examine past contributions and, if applicable, their actualization. Secondly, this special issue intends to address the CIAMs’ theoretical and architectural legacy. The hypothesis on their interpretation suggests that these are still topical issues today. The issue comprises fourteen articles which investigate, through different applied methodologies, the years from the first steps of the CIAMs to the 1929 aftermath, analyze the post-war production and explore many case-studies, of which some are also geographically far from a Euro-centric vision as well as contemporary realities.
- Published
- 2019
30. Logement de masse:Vienne et Francfort
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
This research has investigated the urban policies about mass housing at the beginning of 20th century. This was a unifying and crucial issue of several modern experiences to which many European cities developed adequate answers showing a wide range of distinguishing design approaches and solutions in terms of city planning and architecture. Given the concrete qualities and significant quantity of housings built, this research assumes Vienna and Frankfurt as the more convincing results: Hof and Siedlung constitute two alterative models, each of them refer to a specific way of envisaging the city. The principal goal of this research is the production of new knowledge about these two experiences. This has been achieved through re-drawings, which were elaborated starting from original archival items, and the comparison between them searching the highest degree of homogeneity. The main analytical criteria are: the density, the relationship between typology and urban morphology and the arrangement of outdoor spaces. Density occupies a central role in the nowadays debate, then calculating and comparing the data about the case studies will be useful, mainly thanks to objective documents, in order to direct design choices of the today urban development. The second analytical criterion has provided the documentary basis necessary for a thorough knowledge of Höfe and Siedlungen examples. In fact, referring to the current and specialised literature it is quite rare to figure out the spatial principles and the way of assembling as well as to draw their comparisons. The issue of outdoor spaces and their layout is equally fundamental and very few explored. It takes on a particular interest with regard to nowadays debate over the role and function of nature in the city. As a consequence, the research does not stick at investigating these experiences from a historical point of view, but it aims to consider the case studies analysed as urban organisms which fully-fledged belonged to the contemporary city. Vienna and Frankfurt are, hence, opposite phenomena, but complementary, as much for approaches as for results, from an architectural and planning point of view. In line with these premises, this research recognises Vienna and Frankfurt as "extreme polarities" by the means of them it is possible to go thoroughly into the understanding of the mass housings which played a crucial role in the European history. The dissertation proposes a brand-new interpretation and apt tools for architecture field through comparing the outputs of the two models in a homogeneous way and beyond any preconceptions. Ideally, the method employed in this research will be applied to other urban realities so as to broaden the knowledge and to return the complexity and inventiveness of architectural experiences designed in the inter-war period which so far have been investigated in a fragmentary way.
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- 2018
- Full Text
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31. Utopia and vision. Learning from Vienna and Frankfurt
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Porotto, Alessandro, primary
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Night deviations of architecture
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Porotto, Alessandro, Perona, Giulia, and Kahlfeldt, Paul
- Published
- 2014
33. SOCIAL HOUSING IN VIENNA AND FRANKFURT: TWO COMPLEMENTARY ARCHITECTURAL MODELS.
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
- *
URBAN policy , *PUBLIC housing , *DWELLING design & construction , *ARCHITECTURAL design , *COMPARATIVE architecture - Abstract
The paper discusses urban policies for social housing in Vienna and Frankfurt in the inter World War years of the twentieth century. It provides not only historical knowledge, but also examines social housing ensembles within the contemporary city from an architectural comparative perspective. The study's main hypothesis is that both cities produced two valid architectural models nowadays, which belong to the contemporary city itself. The comparison of specific examples will be conducted on the basis of quantitative data, pictures, and through the use of re-drawing with the highest graphic homogeneity. The objective of the paper is the production of a new critical tool, which can contribute to a better understanding of these architectural experiences, as well as offer suggestions to the current design of social housing, collective space and to the urban character of the contemporary city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
34. Pietre che parlano. Gli Höfe della Vienna socialista
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
Hof ,Social Housing ,Vienna ,Housing Studies ,Dwelling - Abstract
The utopian dimension of the 1920s experience of Red Vienna originates from the close connection between architectural type and language. Through the collective memory the large court blocks (Höfe) are an essential part of urban identity. Examining in a critical way the studies on this topic (Tafuri, 1980 and Hautmann, Hautmann, 1980) and the housing programs (Die Wohnungspolitik der Gemeinde Wien, 1929), we can observe the impact of this experience from an objective point of view, beyond the political and ideological aspects. The re-drawings of plans with the highest graphic homogeneity and the photographic documents of some examples allow us to compare and understand the features of this utopian character. Extrapolating the main principles, it is possible to reflect on the current conditions of the relationship between housing, city and society. To this day the Höfe in Vienna have spatial qualities for the social housing and the community life. For this reason, the objective of the critical analysis is to develop a better understanding of the large court blocks for contemporary housing. In our individualistic society nowadays it is crucial to think about the collective dimension of the city and the social importance of living together in a future perspective.
35. Ernst May à Francfort: Traduction, « Cinq ans de construction de logements à Francfort-sur-le- Main », Das Neue Frankfurt, 1930
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro
36. Esperienze concrete di una crescita moderna e democratica
- Author
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Monterumisi, Chiara and Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
Mass Housing ,Stockholm ,Exhibition ,Inter-war period ,Comparative Studies ,Frankfurt ,Wien - Abstract
Commentary of the exhibition "HOUSING - Frankfurt Wien Stockholm" 18 September- 2 November 2018 EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Project room Archizoom, Bâtiment SG foyer Curators: LCC - Laboratory of Construction and Conservation
37. Le principe de complémentarité. Proposition d'une méthode comparative pour les modèles architecturaux des années vingt
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
La reconnaissance d’un principe de complémentarité pour les modèles architecturaux (PANERAI, CASTEX, DEPAULE, 1977) des années Vingt correspond à l’identification d’une méthode comparative, qui permet leur observation et leur compréhension à travers les instruments appropriés. Selon la théorie de la physique quantique formulée par Niels Bohr en 1927, les aspects corpusculaires et ondulatoires d’un phénomène physique ne peuvent pas être perçus simultanément : un objet quantique peut se présenter que sous un seul de ces deux aspects à la fois. En conséquence, les deux aspects sont les représentations complémentaires d’une même réalité, puisqu’ils sont essentiels pour fournir cette description physique complète du phénomène. De plus, l’apparition sous une forme plutôt que une autre dépend du type d’instrument utilisé pour l’observation. En paraphrasant le principe de Bohr dans le contexte architectural des années Vingt, les villes de Vienne et Francfort ont développé deux modèles totalement différents, mais tous les deux représentent la construction rapide de nouvelles habitations avec des loyers abordables pour les masses (KÄHLER, 1985). Grâce à l’étude typologique on peut distinguer de manière précise les grands îlots à cour de Vienne et les complexes en barres de Francfort. Ces formes urbaines correspondent à des choix architecturaux et urbains qui constituent les interventions les plus remarquables dans le panorama européen. L’étude de Gert Kähler en 1985 constitue la seule à utiliser une approche comparative entre les deux villes. A partir de cette publication, la présente contribution explore la méthode comparative utile à établir une comparaison entre les logements de masse des années Vingt. En même temps, la réflexion concerne aussi la nature des instruments « techniques » à appliquer pour effectuer une observation et une analyse correcte. Dans ce cas, l’outil du « redessin » joue un rôle fondamental. En effet, l’hypothèse, selon laquelle les modèles architecturaux différents de Vienne et Francfort sont comparables, exige tout d’abord une démonstration par la neutralité et l’impartialité du matériel graphique de support. Le redessin avec le degré maximum d’homogénéité se réfère à l’exposition "Die Wohnung für das Existenzminimum", realisée en 1929 à Francfort à l’occasion du deuxième Congrès moderne international d’architecture (AYMONINO, 1971). L’exposition consistait en la comparaison des plans des logements sociaux bâtis dans plusieurs pays européens, grâce à l’utilisation du même type de représentation (CIAM, 1930). La présente contribution vise à démontrer l’efficacité de l’outil du « redessin », en proposant quelques exemples réalisés avec le même code graphique. A un siècle de distance de leur réalisation, l’objectif principal de l’approche comparative entre ces cas d’études est de réexaminer de façon critique une tradition qui a subi l’influence des schémas concernant l’évolution de l’îlot, produits par les architectes du Mouvement Moderne (MAY, 1930). Dans ce sens, la prochaine étape que la recherche peut envisager est de considérer Vienne et Francfort comme modèles complémentaires, en tant qu’éléments essentiels d’une situation et d’un débat commun. En effet, la comparaison n’établit pas si un modèle a prévalu sur l’autre, mais elle offre un regard impartial sur leur complexité et leur richesse. La portée de ces aspects méthodologiques, importants au niveau conceptuel et opérationnel, consiste en la « construction » d’un grand instrument objectif concernant les modèles architecturaux des années Vingt, qui peut répondre à des questions que l’architecture ne cesse encore aujourd'hui de se poser.
38. De l’Existenzminimum à l’existence commune
- Author
-
Bourdon, Valentin and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
À l’intérieur des récits de la modernité architecturale, et au-delà dans sa divulgation générale, l’Existenzminimum, associé au deuxième Congrès International d’Architecture Moderne, est très souvent cantonné à un caractère évènementiel, étudié en tant que moment. La présente contribution entend ainsi négocier un certain décloisonnement des principes établis en octobre 1929, selon l’hypothèse d’une trajectoire plus vaste des idées : de leurs antécédents – admis ou présumés – au dessin de leurs possibles expectatives. L’approche synchronique qui caractérise ses principales relectures critiques ont permis à l’Histoire de reconnaître l’un de ses marqueurs, dont la connaissance extrêmement précise n’a pas manqué de relever toute l’importance. Cependant, une célébration aussi localisée dans le temps pourrait aussi constituer son principal revers : le cantonnement d’une pensée à un contexte spécifique, ou son abandon dans l’un des jalons du siècle précédent. Or une fois désolidarisé de son socle moderne, et allégé d’un certain nombre de ses connotations idéologiques, l’Existenzminimum apparaît comme un tout autre sujet d’étude. Il se montre non plus comme projet, mais comme programme ; devenant le thème d’un questionnement plus large, et sans doute encore d’actualité, sur les conditions architecturales et normatives d’une habitabilité partagée, d’une existence commune. Les fondations d’une « existence minimale » convoquent notamment l’optimal dans l’architecture vernaculaire, puis l’anticipation d’ordinaires efficients par certains protagonistes de la modernité naissante tels que Henrich Tessenow, et son introduction dans les dimensions collectives de la Siedlung avec Otto Haesler. L’héritage du second CIAM, confronté à la mise en crise d’un excès d’égalitarisme, se formalise principalement dans la figure controversée du Grand ensemble. Enfin, ses perspectives privilégiées pourraient se dessiner à travers certaines jonctions prospectives liées à la pratique contemporaine du cluster dans l’habitat groupé. Un tel parcours se propose d’identifier autant les ruptures et continuités architecturales, que les usures et résistances sémantiques qui les accompagnent. L’Existenzminimum ou l’existenzoptimum ? Type, norme ou standard ? ou la nécessité permanente de recomposer de nouveaux ordres collectifs.
39. Le principe de complémentarité. Une méthode comparative pour les modèles architecturaux des années vingt
- Author
-
Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
Hof ,Vienne ,Logement collectif ,Francfort ,Siedlung - Abstract
L’identification d’un principe de complémentarité pour les modèles architecturaux des années Vingt correspond à l’utilisation d’une méthode comparative, qui permet d’observer et analyser de manière approfondie les initiatives de logements de masse. Cette contribution explore les cas les plus remarquables de logements de masse du contexte européen : à travers des re-dessins précis et homogènes élaborés par l’auteur, les expériences de Vienne et Francfort sont confrontées avec le degré maximum d’impartialité. Grâce aux instruments propres de l’architecte comme la typologie et l’étude des formes urbaines, il est possible de distinguer de manière claire les îlots à cour de Vienne (Höfe) et les complexes en barres de Francfort (Siedlungen). Ces formes urbaines correspondent à des choix architecturaux et urbains qui constituent les polarités extrêmes des interventions de cette époque. La méthode comparative proposée dans cette contribution vise à réexaminer de façon critique une tradition qui a subi l’influence des schémas concernant la dissolution de l’îlot vers la construction en barre. L’objectif est de considérer Vienne et Francfort comme deux modèles architecturaux complémentaires du même débat commun. Au sein de la recherche scientifique, la comparaison ne devrait pas établir si un modèle a prévalu sur l’autre, mais offrir un regard impartial pour valoriser la complexité de la production architecturale de logements de masse des années Vingt.
40. L'intelligence des formes: Le projet de logements collectifs à Vienne et Francfort
- Author
-
Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
Das rote Wien ,Histoire de l'architecture ,Urbanisme ,Logement collectif ,Architecture ,Das neue Frankfurt ,Logement - Abstract
Les expériences de politique urbaine menées à Vienne et à Francfort dans l’entre-deux-guerres – Das rote Wien et Das neue Frankfurt – constituent aujourd’hui encore des références incontournables dans l’histoire du logement collectif en Europe. Les modèles architecturaux à l’origine de leur conception, le Hof à Vienne et la Siedlung à Francfort, représentent les «polarités extrêmes» des logements réalisés à cette époque. S’ils ont fait l’objet de nombreuses études, le principe de complémentarité qu’y décèle Alessandro Porotto à travers son analyse rigoureuse offre une piste de réflexion originale, que ce soit pour l’étude historique ou pour le potentiel architectural de ces réalisations. Au-delà de la compréhension documentaire des expériences viennoise et francfortoise, l’auteur les conçoit comme deux paradigmes d’organismes urbains appartenant pleinement à la ville contemporaine. À travers cette étude comparative émergent ainsi des questions cruciales quant au projet de logement collectif et à son évolution future. Sans s’arrêter sur des préjugés idéologiques, L’intelligence des formes présente une analyse critique allant de l’échelle de la ville au plan de logement pour présenter les résultats de ces deux modèles alternatifs de projet. Les documents d’archives viennent étoffer une série exhaustive de «redessins» méticuleux qui dévoile les complexités de ces ensembles, permettant de comparer aisément leurs spécificités typologiques. Les redessins de l’auteur forment ainsi, comme le signale Bruno Marchand dans sa préface, un lien très fort entre l’architecture et l’urbain. Associés au texte, ils donnent au lecteur un outil clé dans la compréhension des formes de logement, de leur vocation collective et de leur intelligence.
41. Architectural Itinerary I, Venice City
- Author
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Porotto, Alessandro and Kahlfeldt, Paul
42. HOUSING | Logements collectifs
- Author
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Ortelli, Luca, Porotto, Alessandro, and Monterumisi, Chiara
- Subjects
Morphology ,Mass Housing ,Typology ,Stockholm ,Housing Policies ,Density ,Collective spaces ,Frankfurt ,Wien - Abstract
Catalogue of the exhibition "HOUSING Frankfurt Wien Stockholm" 18 September – 2 November 2018 Project Room Archizoom EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland. The catalogue contains some critical papers written in the years when the housing policies were developed in the three European cities and a selection of the drawings displayed in the big size plates of the exhibition.
43. Vienna's Höfe: How Housing Builds the Collective
- Author
-
Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
The aim of this paper is to look back on some valuable accomplishments built in Vienna during the Interwar period. The housing projects were realised adopting a specific architectural model: the Hof. The Viennese examples represented an architectural idea and a vision of society, founded on ‘living together’. This collective dimension takes its spatial form in the design of the layout and exterior spaces of the large courtyard blocks. Besides broadening the limited understanding of these instances, this paper assesses their inspiring qualities concerning morphology and spatial sequences. Höfe interact with the individual sphere of the dwelling and the public one of the streets in order to the define the collective space. The main question is the following: how does architecture produce the collective dimension of the courtyard? This paper investigates the spatial characteristics of the Hof in order to identify the main architectural elements that define the collective courtyard space. Selected case studies – analysed through original items and novel drawings done by the author – provide a clear framework to stress the elements to build the collective housing. As sociologists and urbanists claim, in our individualistic society, the collective dimension of the city and common living becomes even more important for a critical reflection. In recent years, Höfe have been renovated, adapting easily to contemporary living requirements and needs, but they embody spatially the collective life. Far from a mere process of revising history, this paper stresses how the architectural components were able to produce the collective dimension of the Hof and why even today they could provide key suggestions for the contemporary housing design and urban policies. In this perspective, Höfe’s heritage and the Viennese long-lasting continuity concerning social housing policies are prime examples of architectural solutions to promote collective life within the city.
44. Logement de masse Vienne et Francfort
- Author
-
Porotto, Alessandro, Ortelli, Luca, and Cogato Lanza, Elena
- Subjects
Morphology ,Typology ,Hof ,Vienna ,Mass housing ,Density ,Type ,Inter-war period ,Siedlung ,Frankfurt - Abstract
This research has investigated the urban policies about mass housing at the beginning of 20th century. This was a unifying and crucial issue of several modern experiences to which many European cities developed adequate answers showing a wide range of distinguishing design approaches and solutions in terms of city planning and architecture. Given the concrete qualities and significant quantity of housings built, this research assumes Vienna and Frankfurt as the more convincing results: Hof and Siedlung constitute two alterative models, each of them refer to a specific way of envisaging the city. The principal goal of this research is the production of new knowledge about these two experiences. This has been achieved through re-drawings, which were elaborated starting from original archival items, and the comparison between them searching the highest degree of homogeneity. The main analytical criteria are: the density, the relationship between typology and urban morphology and the arrangement of outdoor spaces. Density occupies a central role in the nowadays debate, then calculating and comparing the data about the case studies will be useful, mainly thanks to objective documents, in order to direct design choices of the today urban development. The second analytical criterion has provided the documentary basis necessary for a thorough knowledge of Höfe and Siedlungen examples. In fact, referring to the current and specialised literature it is quite rare to figure out the spatial principles and the way of assembling as well as to draw their comparisons. The issue of outdoor spaces and their layout is equally fundamental and very few explored. It takes on a particular interest with regard to nowadays debate over the role and function of nature in the city. As a consequence, the research does not stick at investigating these experiences from a historical point of view, but it aims to consider the case studies analysed as urban organisms which fully-fledged belonged to the contemporary city. Vienna and Frankfurt are, hence, opposite phenomena, but complementary, as much for approaches as for results, from an architectural and planning point of view. In line with these premises, this research recognises Vienna and Frankfurt as "extreme polarities" by the means of them it is possible to go thoroughly into the understanding of the mass housings which played a crucial role in the European history. The dissertation proposes a brand-new interpretation and apt tools for architecture field through comparing the outputs of the two models in a homogeneous way and beyond any preconceptions. Ideally, the method employed in this research will be applied to other urban realities so as to broaden the knowledge and to return the complexity and inventiveness of architectural experiences designed in the inter-war period which so far have been investigated in a fragmentary way.
45. Francfort, Vienne, Stockholm : l'expression du collectif
- Author
-
Porotto, Alessandro and Monterumisi, Chiara
46. Entre la rue et la roche. Réinterprétation d’une architecture locale: fragment de ville au pied de la muraille de Bellinzone
- Author
-
Lotti, Loris, Ortelli, Luca, Cogato Lanza, Elena, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
Au cœur de la ville de Bellinzone s’élève la colline de San Michele, un véritable piédestal rocheux sur lequel se dresse l’un des trois châteaux de la cité ainsi que son impressionnante muraille (Castelgrande et Murata Sforzesca). Au pied de la face nord de la colline, une longue avenue rectiligne assure la circulation citadine, mais aussi régionale (Viale Portone). Entre la rue et la roche, un terrain, long et étroit, est actuellement occupé par des constructions disparates et dégradées qui ne profitent aucunement de leur proximité avec le promontoire et ses fortifications. Ce projet propose de le réaménager complètement par l’implantation d’un vaste complexe contenant des logements, des surfaces administratives et commerciales ainsi que de nouveaux espaces publics. Le complexe est dessiné de manière à orienter la majeure partie de l’activité de ses occupants vers la lumière du soleil, l’environnement naturel de la colline et l’impressionnant vis à vis avec le château et sa muraille. L’architecture proposée tire ses formes de la confrontation entre les traditions locales et une culture plus moderne et globale. Ainsi, des éléments caractéristiques de l’architecture autochtone – comme la coursive, le portique, l’enduit griffé ou sgraffite et le volet – s’unissent à des formes, des typologies d’habitation et des systèmes constructifs issus d’une culture plus générique.
47. Variations pour une nouvelle collectivité du Vallon (Lausanne, VD)
- Author
-
Pucci, Fanny, Kaufmann, Vincent, Ortelli, Luca, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
logement ,métal ,Le Vallon ,aménagement de quartier d’habitation en ville ,urbanisme et aménagement du territoire ,habitat collectif ,aménagement du territoire, urbanisme, insertion urbaine ,intervention paysagère et environnementale ,Lausanne ,éducation, instruction et recherche ,Suisse romande ,Suisse ,logement individuel ,habitation ,architecture, construction, technologie, génie civil ,culture et vie sociale ,Europe ,friche ,verre ,installation pour exposition ,nouvelle construction ,ville ,salle polyvalente ,réhabilitation ,sociologie, sciences sociales ,béton ,restructuration urbaine - Abstract
En raison de son passé ouvrier et industriel, le Vallon est connu pour être un lieu de grande diversité socio-culturelle. Accueillant aujourd’hui plusieurs associations et institutions sociales, ce quartier est devenu un objet d’intérêt pour la ville de Lausanne qui cherche à le revaloriser, tout en gardant son caractère singulier. Sur la parcelle de l’ancienne usine d’incinération, le projet cherche à mettre en valeur une possible réappropriation du lieu de la part de ses habitants et à étendre l’actuelle place du Vallon. Dans cette perspective, le projet est constitué d’une maison de quartier, de logements, de logements sociaux et d’une serre, partageant tous un même espace collectif qui devient le lieu principal de rencontre et d’interactions sociales. Sur la place du Vallon, l’antenne de quartier permet de mettre à disposition de la ville de Lausanne et des associations des salles pour des activités socio-culturelles. La serre, de son côté, permet aux personnes vivant dans les logements sociaux d’avoir des jardins de réinsertion pour être pris en charge tout le long de l’année. Afin de respecter et de revaloriser l’existant, le projet s’appuie autant sur le thème de la fragmentation que sur celui de la variation, soulignant ainsi le caractère hétéroclite et le charme du Vallon.
48. Parcs de la Rouvraie (Lausanne, VD)
- Author
-
Larivé, Jean, Kaufmann, Vincent, Ortelli, Luca, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Subjects
centre sportif ,parc, jardin, aménagement paysagiste ,parking ,La Rouvraie ,maçonnerie ,parc, jardin ,architecture, construction, technologie, génie civil ,aménagement du territoire, urbanisme, insertion urbaine ,commerce ,culture et vie sociale ,Europe ,Lausanne ,verre ,génie civil et transports ,Suisse romande ,montagne, forêt ,nouvelle construction ,architecture paysagère, environnement, protection des sites ,ville ,salle polyvalente ,magasin ,Vaud ,Suisse ,sport et loisir - Abstract
A Lausanne comme ailleurs, une problématique urbaine majeure concerne la mobilité et la place occupée par les voitures. Les espaces aménagés pour les automobiles viennent morceler le territoire en entités parfois si petites qu’elles en deviennent inutilisables. Les places de parc, tout comme les parkings souterrains, se multiplient et leur reconversion semble impossible à cause de la spécificité de leur programme. Cependant, ces constructions sont nécessaires et le resteront tant que la voiture aura sa place dans la société. L’architecture doit proposer des solutions pragmatiques et durables, afin d’optimiser la surface au sol, de permettre des aménagements intelligents et d’imaginer une seconde vie à ces infrastructures. Le parc de la Rouvraie à Lausanne est idéal pour s'inscrire dans la lignée d’un tel plan directeur. L’impact négatif causé par les surfaces imperméables est évident alors que le plateau possède d’importantes qualités paysagères. La stratégie choisie sera de supprimer les places au cœur du site pour aménager de nouveaux espaces verts et des places de qualité. Cette mesure radicale impliquera la construction d'un parking hors-terre pour accueillir les véhicules des habitants de la Rouvraie ou les visiteurs. Ce parking devra répondre à plusieurs objectifs: jouer le rôle de porte d’entrée dans le parc, être une interface d'échange de transports mais aussi affirmer une politique écologique et durable en étant adaptable. Des programmes variés pourront ainsi remplacer le parking grâce à une structure facilement aménageable.
49. Cohabitation chromatique: une nouvelle 'Siedlung' à Vufflens-la-Ville (VD)
- Author
-
Gruaz, André, Ortelli, Luca, Porotto, Alessandro, and Tombesi, Paolo
- Subjects
bois ,habitation ,maçonnerie ,habitat collectif ,architecture, construction, technologie, génie civil ,aménagement du territoire, urbanisme, insertion urbaine ,Moulin de la Palaz ,Vufflens-la-Ville ,Europe ,friche ,Suisse romande ,nouvelle construction ,périphérie urbaine, banlieue ,Vaud ,cité jardin ,Suisse ,béton ,logement individuel - Abstract
Le point de départ du projet est l'application, à la ville de Lausanne, du schéma du Trabantenprinzip mis au point par Ernst May pour la ville de Francfort dans les années 1920. Sur six sites identifiés, l'agglomération pourrait gagner environ 2100 logements et 7800 hab. à l'horizon 2025. Le projet s'intéresse au cas de Vufflens-la-Ville, petite commune de 1284 hab. située au Nord-Ouest de Lausanne, composée en majeure partie d'habitations et de fermes, où les services usuels, tels que poste, restaurant ou épicerie, n'existent plus. Le projet prévoit l'implantation d'un nouveau quartier d'habitation a part entière, inspiré par les Siedlungen construites à Francfort par Ernst May et à Berlin par Bruno Taut, pendant la période de l'entre-deux-guerres. Au total, ce sont 318 logements pour une moyenne de 1175 hab. qui sont prévus. La forme urbaine tient compte des caractéristiques du site, à savoir les deux axes majeurs et la végétation qui le structurent, ainsi que la topographie naturelle qui a amené les barres de logements en arc de cercle à la suivre avec respect. Un travail particulier a été mené concernant l'aspect chromatique des bâtiments et, par conséquent, des rues, afin de rendre ce quartier vif et accueillant. De plus, la disposition et la géométrie des ouvertures, les seuils entre intérieur et extérieur, la vision du jardin privé comme une pièce faisant partie à part entière de la maison, l'utilisation d'un système constructif simple et efficace, et la réintroduction de services quotidiens dans un lieu stratégique du site ont également été pensés et contribuent à la bonne conduite du projet.
50. 'Addio Lugano bella'. Revalorisation de trois fragments de la ville de Lugano et de son espace public
- Author
-
Bianchi, Francesca, Ortelli, Luca, Kaufmann, Vincent, and Porotto, Alessandro
- Abstract
La périphérie de la ville de Lugano, loin du lac et du centre historique, se caractérise par un espace public amorphe et discontinu, souvent le résultat de constructions se trouvant au centre des parcelles. Pour contraster ce phénomène, le projet propose trois interventions différentes dans la ville. Le premier projet concerne le réaménagement d’un îlot pour permettre une nouvelle circulation. L’îlot peut être traversé de plusieurs cotés et depuis le fleuve, il est possible de rejoindre directement le nouveau jardin potager. Celui-ci se trouve entre les murs de l’ancienne déchèterie de la ville et il est entouré par un portique continu en bois, sous lequel le visiteur peut contempler la végétation qui pousse. Un peu plus loin, dans la cour d’un complexe qui accueille des logements et un garage, le deuxième projet propose une nouvelle façade pour la ville. Cette nouvelle structure en brique redéfinit les limites d’intérieur et d’extérieur de la cour existante et introduit une terrasse collective à tous les étages, connectée avec un nouvel ascenseur, actuellement inexistant. Le troisième projet complète un îlot de plusieurs immeubles et revalorise sa cour intérieure, actuellement utilisée comme parking. Le nouvel immeuble se caractérise par sa verticalité et sa composition typologique. Le séjour, qui se trouve dans la partie en maçonnerie, est directement lié à la salle à manger et à la terrasse qui se trouvent sur une structure métallique légère et transparente.
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