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Every branch of science needs visitors' attention during the poster presentation session at conferences, symposiums, seminars, etc. In particular, participants in the chemistry and biochemistry conference need more visual tools to explain their research work in detail. Presence of smartphones and the ability of 2D barcodes will allow chemical reactions or processes to be shown in the form of a movie, animation or augmented reality (AR). Therefore, the next generation of posters will be more interested in this view. Here, the ability of 2D barcodes or QR codes to help researchers to catch more attention in their research work was presented during a poster presentation session. In this way, the visitors showed positive attitudes to the applicability of such tools. Also, some information including the number of poster visitors and interesting topics in the conference can be collected easily which is useful for the scientific and organizing committee of conferences. As a result, biochemistry conference posters can be presented in new ways, based on animation images or video, to capture the attention of viewers and deepen their understanding of poster concepts.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic closed university campuses across the country. Nurse educators were challenged to develop innovative solutions for students to complete course requirements. The on-campus poster session used by a college of nursing as a scholarly forum for dissemination of all Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) student final projects was cancelled due to the pandemic. Method: Nurse educators developed and implemented an interactive, synchronous virtual session using the Zoom Video Communications platform. Results: Twelve virtual sessions were held, and 73 students presented DNP project posters. More than 150 students and faculty attended the virtual poster sessions. Students and faculty had positive feedback regarding the virtual format. Student presentations were academically rigorous, and audiences engaged in robust discussion with DNP students. Conclusion: The virtual platform was successfully used for an interactive presentation by DNP student and nursing faculty participants. This format may be especially valuable for use of scholarship dissemination by distance learning programs. [ J Nurs Educ . 2020;59(12):697–700.]

The purpose of this study is to determine whether video abstracts posted online to a social media platform (Twitter) increased dissemination of poster-abstract content from National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME) annual general meeting. At NAME meetings (2018, 2019), 20 authors accepted invitations to record visual abstracts. These were subsequently tweeted with their permission. Results were analyzed to determine how many times the video in each tweet was viewed and the number of impressions generated by the tweet. The NAME provided the number of attendees from each meeting to compare with online exposure to tweets.Video views per tweet ranged from 34 to 824 with a mean of 338. Of the 20 tweets, 5 (25%) had 600 or more views. The number of impressions per tweet ranged from 192 to 4629, with a mean of 1811. Seventy percent (14) had 500 or more impressions. Average conference participation for the meetings was 501.Given the numbers of views and even higher number of impressions, there appears to be a substantial increase in dissemination of poster abstracts beyond the conference attendees. The NAME should encourage authors of accepted abstracts to submit video summaries of their work. This will advertise forensic pathology research to a wider audience.

Background: This innovative assignment converted a traditional presentation to an assignment that addressed several National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties competencies and the growing trend toward nurse practitioner professional advancement models. Method: The professional conference poster assignment spanned two semesters. The first semester assignment included a focused literature review and abstract development. The second semester assignment included a formal presentation using a digital poster format. Results: Only three of the 23 respondents indicated ever having developed an abstract or a professional conference poster prior to the assignment. Students identified new skills acquired as a result of the professional conference poster assignment: writing an abstract (78%), writing a biographical statement (87%), constructing a digital poster (91%), speaking at a conference (87%), and searching the evidence (48%). Conclusion: Nurse practitioner students evaluated this assignment highly, learned valuable dissemination skills that met core competencies, and were instilled with a culture of clinical scholarship and dissemination. [ J Nurs Educ . 2020;59(6):345–348.]

Introduction Appendicitis remains the most common intra-abdominal surgical emergency, yet many patients receive postoperative antibiotics and intra-abdominal drains against recommended guidelines. This study assesses the impact of an educational poster on the appropriate use of postoperative antibiotics and intra-abdominal drains in appendicectomy patients. Methods Patients who underwent an appendicectomy between January and April 2019 (‘Poster absent’ group) as well as between November 2019 and February 2020 (‘Poster present’ group) were identified. Data were collected on patient demographics, the presence of complicating features (ie appendiceal abscesses, intraperitoneal pus, gangrene and/or perforation) as well as the use of postoperative antibiotics and intra-abdominal drains in accordance with World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines. Results One hundred and thirty patients were included in the ‘Poster absent’ (73 patients) and ‘Poster present’ (57 patients) groups. After introducing the educational poster there was a significant reduction in the use of postoperative antibiotics (60.5% to 13.8%; p0.05) that were contraindicated in simple appendicitis. There was a significant improvement in the use of postoperative antibiotics (71.9% to 100%; p=0.0019) and an insignificant increase in intra-abdominal drain use (58.8% to 64.3%; p>0.05) that were indicated in complicated appendicitis. The rates of wound infection (4.10% to 0%; p=0.2556) and ileus/obstruction (5.48% to 1.75%; p=0.3846) also reduced. Conclusion This small study demonstrated that a simple and appropriately targeted intervention of an educational poster can significantly improve and reduce variation in the management of appendicectomy patients and may reduce postoperative complications.

The AMCP Abstract and Poster Program provides a forum for authors to share their research with the managed care pharmacy community. Authors submit their abstracts to AMCP, and each abstract is reviewed by a team of peer reviewers and editors. All accepted abstracts are presented as posters at AMCP's Annual and Nexus meetings. These abstracts are also available through the AMCP meeting app. This

Accurate sizing of polyps and improving adenoma detection rates (ADR) are important goals for high-quality colonoscopy. Surveillance intervals are based on accurate sizing of polyps. There are no clinical tools or interventions that have demonstrated improvement in both these metrics. We investigated the efficacy of a simple, low-cost intervention, based on use of polyp sizing posters to improve measurements of polyps and increase ADRs during colonoscopy at a large gastroenterology community practice.We collected data on polyp measurements and ADRs by 62 gastrointestinal endoscopists at a large multi-site community practice, from January to November 2015 (baseline). In a prospective study, endoscopy units were given a polyp sizing poster to be hung above the endoscopy video monitor (intervention group, for 33 endoscopists) or for usual care (control group, for 29 endoscopists) in December 2015, and we collected data on polyp measurements and ADRs over the following 6 months (January-June 2016). We compared the endoscopists' assessment of polyp size and their ADRs before and after the intervention using a mixed effects proportional odds model, controlling for provider age and sex and patient and indication for colonoscopy. Our primary aim was to assess the effect of the snare and forcep-based polyp sizing poster on change in polyp size. The secondary aim was to study the effect of the polyp sizing poster on ADR.Our final analysis included 85,657 polyps from 38,307 colonoscopies. The characteristics of patients who underwent colonoscopy were similar between the control and intervention group (median age, 61 years; 48.1% female; 53.9% undergoing screening; 31.4% undergoing surveillance; 14.7% receiving a diagnostic colonoscopy). The endoscopists' median age was 51 years (range, 33-76) years, and 15 were women (24.2%). During the baseline period, male endoscopists were more likely to size polyps larger than measurements made by female endoscopists (odds ratio [OR], 1.78; 95% CI, 1.24-2.55; P = .002). For the intervention group, 78.6% of polyps were assigned to the 1-5 mm category during the baseline period compared to 76.0% after the intervention, whereas the proportions of polyps assigned to the 6-10 mm category increased from 16.9% during the baseline period to 18.3% after the intervention. In the control group, 78.9% of polyps were assigned to the 1-5 mm category during the baseline period and 78.3% were assigned to this group in the prospective study; 16.5% of polyps were assigned to the 6-10 mm during the baseline period and 17.5% were assigned to this group in the prospective study. The interaction between intervention group and timing (baseline vs after the intervention) was statistically significant, with an increase in the odds of larger polyp sizing after the intervention (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.08-1.23; P.001). The odds of larger polyp measurement during the intervention period, compared to the baseline period, increased for male endoscopists (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.09-1.27; P.001) and female endoscopists (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.36; P = .04), as well as for younger physicians (50 years; OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.20-1.46; P .001) but not for older physicians (50 years; OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.88-1.06; P = .44). The average ADR for male and female endoscopists combined during the baseline period was 42%. The change in ADR from the baseline vs the post-intervention was an increase of 2.6% in the control group compared to 5.7% in the intervention group (P = .39) CONCLUSIONS: Placement of a polyp sizing poster above the endoscopy video monitor increases the odds of polyps being assigned a larger size but does not affect ADRs.

Many doctors prescribe antibiotics for a cold, to meet patient’s expectations. As a result, patient’s education about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance forms a major component of the WHO’s Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. However, it is not known whether simple educational material can change a person’s attitudes about antibiotic therapy. We designed three posters about antibiotic treatment for “cold and flu”. Hospital inpatients answered a baseline survey and then were asked to look at one of three randomly selected posters. The posters highlighted the futility of antibiotic treatment for colds (futility), the risk of adverse drug reactions from antibiotics (harm), and the issue of antimicrobial resistance (resistance). Participants then completed a follow-up survey. Participants’ expectations to receive antibiotics for a “bad cold” reduced significantly after viewing a poster (82/299, 27% expected antibiotics in the baseline survey compared with 13% in the follow-up survey, P

To identify the extent of the provision of handwashing amenities in public toilets at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, and also to make comparisons with a related pre-pandemic survey.We collected data from 400 toilet facilities that were open to the public: all those in three contiguous city council territories (228) and a further convenience sample of 172 around other parts of New Zealand. Comparisons were made with the data on the same facilities included in a 2012/2013 survey.Of the toilets in this survey, 2.5% had no water for handwashing and 14.8% had no soap. There was COVID-19-related health messaging signage in 19.5% of toilets, with posters of the COVID-19 QR code used for contact tracing in 12.3%, and generic handwashing signage in 1.8%. The handwashing water had 'no-touch' activation at 28.0% of toilets, and 18.5% of toilets had no-touch bowl flushing. Toilet bowl lids were not present at 32.8%, and 2.3% of toilets had damage that would impair their functionality (eg, broken toilet seats). This new survey found significantly increased provision of soap (risk ratio = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.25 to 1.72), but no increased provision of water, at the 128 sites that had also been examined in the previous survey.Although handwashing is probably a much less critical COVID-19 control intervention than reducing aerosol transmission, it should still be strongly supported. Yet this survey found multiple deficiencies with handwashing amenities at public toilets and only modest improvements since a previous survey.

To assess how well the NZ COVID Tracer QR (Quick Response) code poster is displayed by Dunedin businesses and other venues in which groups of people gather indoors, and to calculate the proportions of visitors to those venues who scan the QR code poster.We randomly selected 10 cafes, 10 restaurants, 10 bars, five churches, and five supermarkets and visited them at their busiest times. We evaluated the display of QR code posters using a six-item assessment tool that was based on guidance provided to businesses and services by the Ministry of Health, and we counted the number of people who entered each venue during a one-hour period and the number who scanned the QR code poster.All six criteria for displaying QR code posters were met at half of the hospitality venues, four of five churches, and all supermarkets. Scanning proportions were low at all venues (median 10.2%), and at 12 (30%) no visitors scanned; eight of these venues were bars.This audit provides a snapshot of the display and scanning of QR code posters in a city with no managed isolation and quarantine facilities and where no COVID-19 cases have been detected for 10 months.

The following articles represent the first place and runner-up winners from the Nursing Management Congress2019 poster contest. Both posters were presented and recognized at last year's Congress in New Orleans. Congratulations to our winners!

BACKGROUND\ud Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality worldwide, with most deaths occurring in low-income countries. The World Health Organisation (WHO) '5 Moments for Hand Hygiene' poster has been used to reduce hospital-acquired infections, but there is no similar tool to prevent community-acquired newborn infections in low-resource settings. This assessment, part of the BabyGel Pilot study, evaluated the acceptability of the 'Newborn Moments for Hand Hygiene in the Home' poster. This was an educational tool which aimed to remind mothers in rural Uganda to clean their hands to prevent neonatal infection.\ud \ud METHODS\ud The BabyGel pilot was a cluster randomised trial that assessed the post-partum use of alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) to prevent neonatal infections in Mbale, Uganda. Fifty-five women in 5 village clusters received the ABHR and used it from birth to 3 months postnatally, with use guided by the new poster. Following the study, 5 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted consisting of 6-8 purposively sampled participants from intervention villages. FGDs were audio-recorded, transcribed then translated into English. Transcripts were inductively coded using ATLAS.ti® and qualitatively analysed using thematic content analysis.\ud \ud RESULTS\ud Most mothers reported that they understood the message in the poster ("The picture shows me you must use these drugs to keep your baby healthy") and that they could adhere to the moments from the poster. Some participants used the information from the poster to encourage other caregivers to use the ABHR ("after explaining to them, they liked it"). Other potential moments for hand hygiene were introduced by participants, such as after tending to domestic animals and gardening.\ud \ud CONCLUSION\ud The poster was well-received, and participants reported compliance with the moments for hand hygiene (although the full body wipe of the baby has since been removed). The poster will be adapted into a sticker format on the ABHR bottle. More focus could be put into an education tool for other caregivers who wish to hold the baby. Overall, the study demonstrated the acceptability of an adapted version of the WHO Moments for Hand Hygiene poster in the introduction of an intervention in the community.\ud \ud TRIAL REGISTRATION\ud \ud ISRCTN67852437 , registered 02/03/2015.\ud \ud TRIAL FUNDING\ud \ud Medical Research Council/ Wellcome Trust/ DfID (Global Health Trials Scheme).

Background Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) is caused by prolonged occupational exposure to hand-transmitted vibration. Although HAVS is preventable, disease awareness and prevention knowledge are lacking in high-risk workplaces; this may contribute to under-diagnosis, delays in seeking care, and poor health outcomes. Posters may be used to increase awareness in the workplace. Objective To conduct a pilot survey in workers with HAVS about poster use in their workplaces, their recommendations for poster campaigns and training programs, and their evaluation of HAVS awareness and prevention posters. Methods All eligible HAVS patients in the Occupational Health Clinic at St. Michael's Hospital, in Toronto, Canada, were asked to complete a questionnaire on workplace poster use and to evaluate a set of HAVS posters. Results Fifty workers participated; almost all were males, aged 50 and older, working in construction. Most indicated having non-HAVS specific awareness posters in their workplaces. There was a positive evaluation of the design, content, and potential usefulness of the posters. The poster depicting finger blanching stood out most. The poster depicting anti-vibration gloves rated highest for relatability and effectiveness at conveying disease importance. Conclusions Participants supported the proposed use of industry-specific HAVS awareness posters in their workplaces. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of these posters in the workplace.

The following articles represent the first-place and runner-up winners from the NMCongress2017 poster contest. Both posters were presented and recognized at last year's conference. Congratulations to our winners!

Poster sessions are an important forum for getting feedback on your results and engaging with the scientific community. In this instalment of the Words of Advice series, we provide you with a guide to designing an outstanding poster and offer tips on how to effectively communicate your results using your poster.

The 11th WRIB held in Los Angeles, CA, USA in April 2017. It drew over 750 professionals representing large Pharmas, Biotechs, CROs and multiple regulatory agencies from around the world, from the global bioanalytical community. Bioanalysis and Bioanalysis Zone are very proud to be supporting the WRIB Poster Awards again this year, and we feature the profiles of the authors of the winning posters. Visit www.bioanalysis-zone.com to see the winning posters in full.

Drowning among children of migrant workers is a major, though neglected public health issue in China. A randomised controlled trial was used to examine the potential impact of viewing a preventive health poster with/without geo-located drowning events on perceptions of drowning risk among Chinese migrant children. A total of 752 children from three schools in Jiangbei district were selected by multi-stage sampling and randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 380) or control (n = 372). Multilevel models were used to analyse changes in responses to the following questions after viewing the assigned poster for 10 min: (1) “Do you believe that drowning is a serious health problem in Ningbo city?”; (2) “Do you believe that there are lots of drowning-risk waters around you?”; (3) “Do you believe that the likelihood of your accessing a drowning-risk water is great?”; and (4) “Would you intend to avoid accessing to those drowning-risk waters when being exposed?” At baseline there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in perceptions of drowning risk or covariates. Following the intervention, participants that viewed the geo-specific poster were more likely to respond more favourably to the first three questions (p

Background: Most research on hand hygiene compliance in community settings indicates that compliance is poor. It is not conclusive as to whether poster interventions are effective at improving compliance. Methods: An independent, self-designed poster intervention was installed in one set of male and female public restrooms in a university campus in the UK. The hand hygiene practice and compliance of the university population was measured via indirect observation over a 60 day period. Results: During the pre-intervention observation period, 51.09% of the university population practiced basic hand hygiene compliance (washed hands with water, soap and dried afterwards), and 7.88% practiced adequate hand hygiene compliance (washed hands with water and soap for 20 s or more and dried afterwards for 20 s or more). During the post-intervention observation period, 55.39% of the university population were observed practicing basic hand hygiene compliance, and 7.97% practicing adequate hand hygiene compliance. Gender differences revealed that more females practiced basic hand hygiene in the post-intervention observation period (62.81%) than during the pre-intervention period (49.23%) and this was statistically significant (&chi, 2 = 13.49, p = &lt, 0.01). Discussion: The poster intervention had a limited effect on improving the basic and adequate hand hygiene compliance of the general population when using public restrooms. The use of independent, self-designed posters to improve hand hygiene practice and compliance is largely ineffective in the short term and should be used with caution in future intervention strategies.

This article in the "Exploring the Evidence: Focusing on the Fundamentals" series provides nephrology nurses with basic principles related to the dissemination of knowledge in a professional conference setting. This article provides steps to follow in the preparation and submission of an abstract, as well as the subsequent development of a poster or podium presentation.

The following articles represent the first-place and runner-up winnersfrom the NMCongress2018 poster contest. Both posters were presented and recognized at last year's conference. Congratulations to our winners!

The academic poster, an illustrated summary of a scientific paper, is the most widely used tool by scientists to report on the progress of their work, in addition to oral presentations. It is often the first opportunity for a young clinician to present a clinical, public health or research work. In order to help with the realization of this work, we propose a practical guide including the necessary preparatory tools, the content, the appearance, the pitfalls to avoid as well as practical aspects to consider. The purpose of this article is to facilitate the realization of a visually appealing, structured and concise poster to promote discussion around the subject presented and possibly allow future collaborations.Le poster académique, résumé illustré d’un travail, constitue avec les présentations orales le moyen le plus utilisé par les scientifiques pour faire part de l’avancée de leurs travaux. Il est souvent la première opportunité pour un étudiant en médecine ou un médecin junior de présenter une initiative clinique, de santé publique ou un travail de recherche. Afin de pouvoir aider à la réalisation de ce format, nous proposons un guide pratique comprenant les outils de préparation nécessaires en abordant le contenu, l’apparence, les pièges à éviter, ainsi que les aspects pratiques à connaître. Le but de cet article est de pouvoir permettre la réalisation d’un poster attractif visuellement, structuré et concis permettant de favoriser la discussion autour du sujet présenté et d’éventuellement permettre de futures collaborations.

The fourth RCGP London City Health Conference on 6 June 2019 was another success, generating energy and enthusiasm, and providing a great opportunity to …

BackgroundThe massification of higher education is often associated with poor student engagement, poor development of their critical thinking, inadequate feedback and poor student throughput. These factors necessitate the need to devise novel, innovative methods to teach, assess and provide feedback to learners to counter the restrictions imposed due to the large class learning environments. This study was conducted to ascertain the perceptions of 1st year medical students and staff at the Nelson Mandela School of Medicine regarding the value of poster presentations as a strategy to enhance learning, assessment and feedback.MethodsThis was an exploratory observational, descriptive cross-sectional, case study. Data was collected through separate student and staff questionnaires that required participant responses on a five-point Likert scale. The data was extracted into Excel spreadsheets for quantitative analysis.ResultsTwo-hundred- and-thirty (92%) student questionnaires were returned (N = 250). Most students indicated that the design and presentation of the poster had helped them to select important material (92%), understand and describe disadvantage (86%) and to make a difference in the community (92%). The students agreed that the poster assessment was an efficient (81%) and fair method (75%) that provided opportunities for meaningful feedback. Ten staff members responded to the questionnaire. Most staff members (90%) indicated that the poster presentation had allowed students to demonstrate their engagement in a meaningful and appropriate way around issues of disadvantage and HIV and agreed that the poster presentations allowed for immediate and effective feedback.ConclusionStudents’ interactions in the tasks promoted active engagement with others and course material; the development of higher order thinking and skills which added to students’ accounts of transformative learning experiences. They could describe and illustrate the difference that they had made in their chosen community. The poster presentations allowed for quick and efficient marking, immediate feedback and an opportunity to validate the students’ participation.Poster presentations offered an innovative way to encourage deep meaningful engagement and learning amongst peers and facilitators. Poster presentations should be more widely considered as an innovative way of encouraging deeper engagement and learning in a large class setting.

SummaryBackground Academic posters are a common means of disseminating information at conferences. Presentation at conferences is frequently given weight in postgraduate training programme recruitment. Some conferences provide guidance for visual presentation of posters. For the Association of the Study of Medical Education (ASME) Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM) 2015, poster abstract guidance was provided; however, the guidance on poster design was limited to size and orientation. The aim of this study was to investigate academic poster quality at a national medical education conference to identify where standards could be promoted and improved. Presentation at conferences is frequently given weight in postgraduate training programme recruitment Methods Six auditors assessed all posters displayed at the ASME ASM (15–17 July 2015) using guidelines based upon a modified checklist for academic posters. Ten criteria were agreed as assessment standards for poster design quality. Results One-hundred-and-eighty posters were assessed: 29 per cent had appropriate copyright for the materials displayed (n = 52); 41 per cent included suitable contact details (n = 73); 48 per cent (n = 87) had a text to graphic ratio of 50 : 50; 72 per cent (n = 130) met ASME guidance for layout and orientation; 76 per cent (n = 137) had appropriate referencing; 78 per cent showed evidence of proofreading for grammar and spelling (n = 140); 79 per cent (n = 142) were readable at a distance of 2 metres; and 87 per cent used appropriate academic logos (n = 156). Discussion There was variability in design quality as assessed by these criteria. We recommend that detailed guidance should be produced and disseminated by the organising conference. This may improve poster quality and aid in the communication of presented material. We aim to re-audit following the production and dissemination of poster presentation guidance.

The discovery of X rays in 1895 captivated society like no other scientific advance. Radiation instantly became the subject not only of numerous scientific papers but also of circus bazaars, poetry, fiction, costume design, comics, and marketing for household items. Its spread was "viral." What is not well known, however, is its incorporation into visual art, despite the long tradition of medicine and surgery as a subject in art. Using several contemporary search methods, we identified 5 examples of paintings or sculpture that thematically feature radiation therapy. All were by artists with exhibited careers in art: Georges Chicotot, Marcel Duchamp, David Alfaro Siqueiros, Robert Pope, and Cookie Kerxton. Each artist portrays radiation differently, ranging from traditional healer, to mysterious danger, to futuristic propaganda, to the emotional challenges of undergoing cancer therapy. This range captures the complex role of radiation as both a therapy and a hazard. Whereas some of these artists are now world famous, none of these artworks are as well known as their surgical counterparts. The penetration of radiation into popular culture was rapid and pervasive; yet, its role as a thematic subject in art never fully caught on, perhaps because of a lack of understanding of the technology, radiation's intangibility, or even a suppressive effect of society's ambivalent relationship with it. These 5 artists have established a rich foundation upon which pop culture and art can further develop with time to reflect the extraordinary progress of modern radiation therapy.

Objective: The study objective was to measure the rates of inclusion of populations at risk of advanced melanoma in a pilot targeted screening project involving general practitioners. Design: This cross-sectional database study compared the inclusion rates of patients who signed inclusion in a targeted screening project with those of patients who did not, during a period in which both groups of patients consulted investigators. Setting: Data were extracted from the national healthcare insurance records in western France from 11 April to 30 October 2011. Patients: Patients, older than 18, considered for the data extraction had consulted one of the 78 participating GPs during the study period, and were affiliated with the national healthcare insurance. Main outcome measures: Inclusion in the screening was the main outcome measure. Patients at risk of advanced melanoma were characterized by male gender, age over 50, low income, rural residence, farmer, and presence of chronic disease. Results: A total of 57,279 patients consulted GPs during the inclusion period and 2711 (4.73%) were included in the targeted screening. Populations at risk of advanced melanoma were less included: men (OR = 0.67; 95%CI [0.61–0.73]; p

Although domestic abuse of women by men has received significant media, police, and research attention, domestic violence directed toward men has been marginalized across the board and is still rarely treated seriously. The purpose of this research, then, is to examine and compare different anti-domestic violence messages in which the abuser's gender is not always clear. In Study 1, 200 U.K. participants (100 females and 100 males, aged 18-67, M = 28.98, SD = 9.613) evaluated posters that varied across three levels; in that the subject (male or female) was depicted as being silenced, bruised, or experiencing live abuse. The results showed that the posters featuring female victims were all rated as more effective than posters showing male victims. In Study 2, 140 different U.K. participants (95 females; 45 males) aged 18 to 59 ( M = 27.27, SD = 10.662) evaluated the cartoon facial images of Disney characters who had been altered to look like victims of violence and real-life corresponding photos of human models. The results showed that the realistic posters were found to be more believable, emotional, and effective than the cartoons. The implications of such perceptions are discussed.

Background Helminthiases have placed a huge burden of disease on the population in China. However, widespread control activities have led to significant achievements. As health education has been widely disseminated and plays an important role in the control and elimination of these diseases, we collected health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases in China. We analyzed their characteristics and assessed their quality. Methods Firstly, health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases were collected from a diverse range of organizations. Secondly, the expert brainstorming and Delphi methods were applied to establish an evaluation system, which was then used to assess the collected products systematically. Those deemed excellent were awarded. Characteristics – including type, source, targeted disease(s), targeted population, and languages – of the collected products and the awarded products were presented here. Results In total, 96 health education products on helminthiases were collected from 53 organizations. Most products belonged to either the graphic design (47) or daily-use (24) category. Seventy were collected from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and 20 from institutes or control stations of parasitic diseases, primarily at the provincial and county levels. Regarding disease targets of the products, 67 focused on a single helminthiasis, 25 on multiple helminthiases, and the remaining four on non-specific diseases. Of the 67 single helminthiasis-focused products, most targeted schistosomiasis (37), followed by echinococcosis (16). The majority of products (79) targeted the general population, while 11 targeted students specifically. Regarding languages, 86 products were only in Chinese, while the other ten were in both Chinese and the minority languages of China. Out of these ten products, one targeted schistosomiasis and the other nine targeted echinococcosis. Thirty-four products were awarded. The characteristics of the awarded products were similar to those of the collected products. Conclusions A diverse range of health education products have been designed and applied for the prevention and control of helminthiases in China. Many products have good features such as specifying the targeted diseases and populations. However, there are significant gaps in terms of both the quantity and quality of products pertaining to some of the diseases. Experiences from the awarded products could be drawn upon to design more products aimed at a range of different helminthiases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-019-0531-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Each year up to 2.6 million people die prematurely from household air pollution (HAP) due to cooking with polluting fuels such as wood and charcoal, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The World Health Organisation recommends scaling the adoption of clean fuels to improve maternal and child health. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) represents a scalable clean fuel that provides health and environmental benefits when used for household energy in LMICs. In Cameroon, over 70% of people rely on biomass for cooking, and the Government aims to increase LPG use from

Objective To reduce the number of blood culture samples collected. Patients and method We performed a cluster randomized controlled trial in adult acute care, and subacute care and rehabilitation wards in a university hospital in France. A poster associating an image of eyes looking at the reader with a summary of blood culture sampling guidelines was displayed in hospital wards in the intervention group. The incidence rate of blood cultures per 1000 days during pre- and post-intervention periods was calculated. Results Thirty-one wards participated in the study. The median difference in blood cultures/1000 days between periods was −1.863 [−11.941; 1.007] in the intervention group and −5.824 [−14.763; −2.217] in the control group (P = 0.27). Conclusion The intervention did not show the expected effect, possibly due to the choice of blood cultures as a target of good practice, but also to confounding factors such as the stringent policy of decreasing unnecessary costly testing.

Objective: “Consent is Sexy” (CIS) is a poster campaign incorporating sex-positive messages to promote consent and increase sexual communication among college students. We assess reactions to the c...

Introdução: Apesar do uso de Sonda Nasoenteal (SNE) possibilitar a manutenção do estado nutricional, pacientes em uso destes dispositivos estão expostos a riscos e incidentes relacionados às diferentes etapas que envolvem a Terapia Nutricional Enteral (TNE). Dessa forma, torna-se importante que os profissionais de enfermagem não só conheçam as melhores práticas disponíveis para o cuidado em TNE, mas também adotem práticas seguras a fim de minimizar os riscos. Considerando que em outras áreas da saúde, intervenções no formato de campanhas, com pôsteres e recursos visuais, mostraram-se efetivas na melhoria da segurança do paciente, tornou-se relevante a implementação de uma campanha de identidade visual, com lembretes e alertas sobre os cuidados básicos a serem prestados ao paciente em uso de TNE por SNE, bem como a avaliação de seu efeito. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da implantação de uma campanha de identidade visual sobre a segurança do paciente recebendo dieta por SNE. Método: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico aberto, cuja intervenção foi uma campanha de identidade visual aplicada às equipes de enfermagem de unidades de internação (UI) adulto de um hospital público universitário de referência (Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre). Os grupos intervenção e controle (GI e GC) foram compostos pelos pacientes usuários de SNE de quatro unidades de internação (clínica e cirúrgica). O estudo apresentou as seguintes etapas: 1) avaliação da concordância interobservadores; 2) avaliação de pacientes (baseline); 3) Intervenção da campanha de identidade visual com as equipes das unidades do GI; e 4) avaliação de pacientes pós-intervenção. As equipes de enfermagem do GI (uma UI clínica e uma UI cirúrgica) foram convidadas a participar da campanha "CUIDE", que constituiu-se de: a) sensibilização das equipes com distribuição de crachás com "lembretes" de cuidados aos pacientes com SNE; b) um cartaz semelhante ao crachá foi fixado à beira do leito do paciente; e c) sensibilização para adesão ao uso de etiquetas de vias "Enteral" a serem fixadas às conexões da SNE e do equipo da dieta. O GC (uma UI clínica e uma UI cirúrgica) não recebeu nenhuma intervenção. Os pacientes elegíveis de ambos os grupos foram acompanhados, diariamente, sendo avaliadas conformidades e não conformidades em relação aos cuidados com SNE por meio de um checklist. Os dados foram coletados em Formulários do Google®, cujas respostas constituem planilhas em formato Microsoft Excel®. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences – SPSS versão 20.0®. A comparação da concordância foi obtida a partir do coeficiente Kappa e, a comparação entre as proporções do cumprimento de rotinas entre grupos (GI e GC), pré e pós intervenção e sua interação foi procedida por meio de Modelo de Equações de Estimações Generalizada (GEE). O estudo é derivado de um estudo matriz que foi aprovado quanto a seus aspectos éticos e metodológicos (CAE: 63247916.5.0000.5327) e com registro no Clinical Trials (NCT 03497221). Resultados: Conforme etapas do estudo, verificaram-se os seguintes resultados: 1) houve boa concordância entre avaliadores previamente capacitados (k ≥ 0,83); 2) no baseline observou-se que pacientes do GI e do GC eram semelhantes diferenciando-se nos motivos de internação e indicação da SNE; 3) a intervenção de campanha "CUIDE" não teve impacto relevante na rotina assistencial, havendo baixa adesão ao uso das etiquetas de vias ("Enteral"); 4) a intervenção apresentou poucos itens específicos com melhora, não sendo possível afirmar que a campanha, isoladamente, tenha apresentado efeito na adesão de protocolos de cuidados ao paciente em TNE. Conclusões: A intervenção de campanha de identidade visual não teve impacto em melhorar a adesão aos cuidados de pacientes usuários de SNE. Isso sugere que uma intervenção isolada não é suficiente para mudar o comportamento dos profissionais. Background: Even though using Nasoenteal Tube Feeding (NTF) enables the maintenance of nutritional status, patients using these devices are exposed to risks and incidents related to different stages of the Enteral Nutrition Therapy (ENT). Thus, it is important for nursing professionals to know the best practices available for care in ENT, and to adopt safe practices for minimizing the risks. Considering that in other areas of health interventions in the format of campaigns with posters and visual resources were shown to be effective at improving patient safety, it became relevant to implement a "campaign of visual identity", with includes reminders and warnings about the basic care to be provided to patients using ENT by NTF. Objective: To assess the impact of the implementation of a visual identity campaign on the safety of the patient receiving a diet by NTF. Methods: This is an open clinical trial, which had an intervention in the form of a campaign of visual identity that was implemented with the nursing personnel of admission units (AU) of a reference university public hospital (Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre). The intervention and control groups (IG and CG) were composed of patients using NTF in four admission units (clinical and surgical). The study presented the following steps: 1) evaluation of interobserver agreement; 2) evaluation of patients (baseline); 3) intervention with the visual identity campaign with the personnel of the GI units; and 4) evaluation of post-intervention patients. The nursing personnel from the IG (a clinical AU and a surgical AU) were invited to participate in the campaign "CUIDE" (Portuguese for "care"), which consisted of a) raising awareness of teams through the distribution of badges with "reminders" of care steps for patients with NTF; b) a poster similar to the badge was fixed at the bedside of the patient; and c) raising awareness to compliance with the use of "Enteral" labels to be fixed to the connections of the NTF and the infusion equipment of the diet. The CG (a clinical IU and a surgical IU) did not receive any intervention. The eligible patients of both groups were monitored daily, and conformities and nonconformities were assessed concerning care with ENT through a checklist. Data was collected through Google Forms®, and the responses were listed in spreadsheets in Microsoft Excel®. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences – SPSS version 20.0®. The comparison of the agreement was obtained from the Kappa coefficient and, the comparison between the proportions of routine compliance between groups (IG and GC), pre and post intervention and their interaction were provided through the Generalized Estimation Equation Model (GEE). This study derives from a matrix study that had approval for its ethical and methodological aspects (CAE: 63247916.5.0000.5327) and registered with Clinical Trials (NCT 03497221). Results: According to the stages of the study, the following results were observed: 1) we found good agreement between previously trained evaluators (k ≥ 0.83); 2) in the baseline, we observed that patients from GI and CG were similar, and differentiating aspects included reason for admission and indication for NTF. 3) "CUIDE" campaign intervention had no impact on the daily assistance routine, with low compliance with the use of labels ("Enteral"); 4) the intervention led to improvements in a few specific items, but it was not possible to affirm that the campaign alone influenced the compliance to patient care protocols in ENT. Conclusions: The intervention through the visual identity campaign had no impact on improving compliance to patient care protocols to NTF. This suggests that an isolated intervention is not enough to change the behavior of professionals. Introducción: Aunque el uso del Tubo Nasoenteal (TN) permita el mantenimiento del estado nutricional, los pacientes que utilizan estos dispositivos están expuestos a riesgos e incidentes relacionados con las diferentes etapas que implican la terapia de nutrición enteral (TNE). Por lo tanto, es importante que los profesionales de enfermería no sólo conozcan las mejores prácticas disponibles para cuidados en TNE, sino que también adopten prácticas seguras para minimizar los riesgos. Teniendo en cuenta que, en otras áreas de la salud, se demostró que las intervenciones en el formato de las campañas con carteles y recursos visuales eran eficaces para mejorar la seguridad del paciente, se hizo importante aplicar una campaña de identidad visual, con recordatorios y advertencias sobre la atención básica que se debe proporcionar al paciente que utiliza TNE por TN. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la implantación de una campaña de identidad visual en la seguridad del paciente que recibe una dieta por tubo nasoenteral (TN). Método: Se trata de un ensayo clínico abierto, cuya intervención fue una campaña de identidad visual aplicada a los equipos de enfermería de unidades de hospitalización para adultos (UH) de un hospital público universitario de referencia (Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre). Los grupos de intervención y control (IG y CG) estaban compuestos por pacientes usuarios de TN de cuatro unidades de hospitalización (clínica sin cirugía y quirúrgica). El estudio presentó los siguientes pasos: 1) evaluación del acuerdo ínter-observadores; 2) evaluación de pacientes (baseline); 3) intervención de la campaña de identidad visual con los equipos de las unidades GI; 4) evaluación de los pacientes después de la intervención. Se invitó a los equipos de enfermería del IG (una UH clínica sin cirugía y una UH quirúrgica) a participar de la campaña Cuide, que consistía en: a) sensibilización de equipos con distribución de insignias con recordatorios de atención a pacientes con TN; a) un cartel similar a la placa se fijó en la cabecera del paciente; y c) sensibilización sobre la adhesión al uso de etiquetas viales Enteral para fijarlas a las conexiones del TN y el equipo de la dieta. El CG (una UH clínica sin cirugía y una UH quirúrgica) no recibió ninguna intervención. Los pacientes elegibles de ambos grupos fueron monitoreados diariamente y se evaluaron las conformidades y las inconformidades en relación con la atención de TN mediante una lista de verificación. Los datos se recopilaron en Google Forms®, las respuestas están en formato ® Microsoft Excel. El análisis de datos se realizó utilizando el Paquete Estadístico para la versión 20.0® de Ciencias Sociales-SPSS. La comparación del acuerdo se obtuvo del coeficiente Kappa y, la comparación entre las proporciones de cumplimiento rutinario entre grupos (GI y CG), la intervención previa y posterior y su interacción se proporcionó a través del Modelo de Ecuación de Estimación Generalizada (GEE). Este estudio se deriva de un estudio de matriz que fue aprobado por sus aspectos éticos y metodológicos (CAE: 63247916.5.0000.5327) y registrado en Clinical Trials (NCT 03497221). Resultados: Según las etapas del estudio, se observaron los siguientes resultados: 1) hubo un buen acuerdo entre evaluadores previamente capacitados (k x 0,83); 2) en el inicio del baseline, se observó que los pacientes de IG y del CG eran similares, divisándose en las razones de la hospitalización y para la indicación de TN; 3) la intervención de la campaña Cuide no tuvo ningún impacto en la rutina de la asistencia, hubo poca adherencia al uso de etiquetas ("Enteral"); 4) la intervención presentó pocos elementos específicos con mejoría y no fue posible afirmar que la campaña, por sí sola, tuvo un efecto en la adherencia de los protocolos de atención al paciente en TNE. Conclusiones: La intervención de la campaña de identidad visual no tuvo ningún impacto a la mejora de la adherencia a la atención de los pacientes con los usuarios de TN. Esto sugiere que una intervención aislada no es suficiente para cambiar el comportamiento de los profesionales.

Background Patients colonized or infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus are placed under contact precautions. Contact precautions require patients to be placed in single rooms and their health care workers (HCWs) to wear gowns, aprons and gloves on entry and doffing on exit. Glove use is widely accepted to be associated with poor hand hygiene compliance. We trailed the removal of gloves for contact precautions for contacts not expected to involve body fluids to improve hand hygiene between multiple contacts of the patient and patient zone. Methods We have conducted a 5 phase study of the removal of gloves for contacts without body fluids in 250 HCWs using pretrial focus groups (N = 12), hand microbiology (N = 40) (reported elsewhere), development of a modified contact precautions poster, trial of modified poster (n = 100), posttrial focus group discussion (n = 22), and a survey of HCWs postrollout in additional locations (n = 76). Results Pretrial focus groups identified 4 themes, and the leading theme identified as the facilitator for glove use as self-protection. HCWs viewed current contact precaution guidelines as preventing them from making their own judgement regarding the need for gloving for patient contacts, leading continuous glove use without changing gloves between multiple contacts. Participants believed that the trial empowered them to make their own clinical judgment for gloves and to consciously use hand hygiene between dry (no body fluid) contacts. Four themes were discussed during the posttrial focus groups and although self-protection remained the central theme, hand hygiene replaced glove use. Participants spoke of an appreciation of and increased trust in hand hygiene during nonglove use for dry contacts. The survey responses from additional sites were mostly positive for the safety of nonglove use for dry contacts, it improved hand hygiene and that the adoption of the modified guidelines was empowering. Conclusions The trial of nonglove use for expected dry contact, while caring for patients under contact precautions for methicillin-resistant S aureus and or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, was successful in refocusing HCWs reliance on hand hygiene for self-protection. Mandatory glove use for contact precautions was believed to contribute to their failure to change gloves between procedures on the same patient and patient zone, with HCWs now recognizing multiple contacts with the same gloves as a risk for contamination.

The interwar period was a time of comprehensive preventive health programmes in Norway. Physical exercise, nutritious diets, strict sleep regimens and better hygiene were at the centre of these efforts. A massive mobilisation of volunteers and professionals took place. The publication of House Maxims for Mothers and Children was part of this large-scale mobilisation, and consisted of ten posters with pithy health advice for hanging on the wall. Mothers were an important target group for health promotion.The posters have previously received little attention in medical literature, but they can elucidate some features of life and the health propaganda of their time. We have used databases that provide access to newspapers, books and medical literature: Retriever, bokhylla.no, Oria, PubMed and Web of Science.It is hard to quantify the effect of this popular movement when compared to political measures to improve living conditions. In any case, mortality rates fell, life expectancy increased and the dreaded communicable diseases were largely defeated. Special efforts were targeted at children, also with good results. Infant mortality fell and schoolchildren became healthier, stronger, taller and cleaner.The line between social hygiene and general disciplining is blurred, for example the boundary between a healthy diet and bourgeois norms. The education of mothers and children also included a normative aspect that concerned good manners and control.