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В статье рассматриваются когнитивные аспекты управления формированием инновационного мышления, инновационного поведения и инновационных установок в Высших учебных заведениях. Акцентируется роль интеллектуального капитала как ресурса инновационных процессов. Инновационное мышление направленно на обеспечение инновационной деятельности, осуществляется на когнитивном и инструментальном уровнях. Дизайн мышление как операционная система мышления, рассматривается как инструмент принятия инновационных решений и как метод создания особого коммуникативного поля организации, выступающего условием и результатом формирования вовлеченности и высокоэффективных систем труда. Причинами применения названой операционной модели мышления выступают необходимость нахождения и разработки инновационных методов решения педагогических задач в ситуации открытого и ускоренного обучения, трансформации образования в условиях цифровой экономики, ставящей задачи развития цифровых и интеллектуальных компетенций у преподавателей и студентов. Использование методов дизайн-мышления в процессах формирования и развития инновационного мышления и поведения может способствовать расширению профессиональных и управленческих репертуаров сотрудников в условиях необходимости принятия тактических и стратегических решений. Формирование инновационного мышления и поведения будет способствовать преобразованию интеллектуального капитала. Тhe article deals with social services to improve the communicative potential of elderly citizens. Improving the communication potential of the elderly can contribute to: to increase the activity of the individual, the development of information capabilities, the maintenance and development of social ties, the fight against loneliness, the restoration of disturbed communication needs, the preservation of psychophysiological qualities of the individual, etc. The article presents the foreign and domestic experience of social services in this area. The results of the survey of professional experts allowed us to identify communication problems, including distrust of the social worker on the part of the client, difficulties in establishing trusting relationships. When interviewing the elderly, respondents note: difficulties in communicating with strangers and unwillingness or fear of recognizing the fact of their limited capabilities. Only 17 % of respondents do not experience any communication problems with social workers. Improving social services and increasing the communication potential of elderly citizens is possible by attracting qualified specialists: psychologists, teachers; expanding interdepartmental interaction, cooperation with NGOs.

The article covers data on prevalence of neurosensory deafness among civil aircraft crew members. The study revealed high level of neurosensory deafness in civil aircraft crew members, averaging to 50.8% in neurosensory deafness structure among noise-related occupations. Arterial hypertension appeared to be the most prevalent concurrent disease in civil aircraft crew members with neurosensory deafness, found in 47.5% of the patients examined - that considers arterial hypertension as a factor of neurosensory deafness progression.

Analyzing distribution of genotype polymorphism occurrence of Pro l98Leu gene of GPX1 (glutathion peroxidase) and Ala 16 Val gene of MnSOD (superoxide dismutase), the authors presented major mechanisms and leading pathogenetic factors of vibration disease formation and course in post-contact period. The article covers also results of metabolic processes evaluation in patients with varying resistence to occupational vibration, for forecasting its course after discontinued contact with the factor.

The authors present review ot themes covered by Novosibirsk Research Hygiene Institute and the study results obtained over recent years. Evidences are that industrial Siberian centers demonstrate general positive changes in environmental pollution decrease and better health state of children and adolescents, but the situation remains warning about medical and sanitary care for workers engaged into hazardous work conditions, about lower diagnostic coverage of occupational diseases in periodic medical examinations. Facts are that qualified early diagnosis of primary signs of workers' disablement and opportune rehabilitation and preventive treatment enable to stop occupational diseases formation.

Obtained results of molecular genetics testing of workers' groups exposed to dust show the elimination of carriers of defective variants in the CFTR gene among workers exposed to dust. We can establish a fact that in spite of law frequency of detected major mutations of the CFTR gene in explored selections they have big importance as individual factors in the stage of preliminary medical examinations in terms of prediction of possible occupational development risk and progression of productionally mediated visceropathies and diseases, as well as a conscious choice of occupation by an individual.

A review of the literature about the toxic effects of cadmium on the human body. We describe a patient with clinical and biochemical signs of an attack of acute porphyria imitated or severe lead poisoning. In the patient's blood was revealed a 3-fold, compared to the allowable rate, increase of cadmium in the normal lead content. We discuss the etiologic role of cadmium and the possible pathogenetic mechanisms of this pathological condition.

The state of occupational health problem and occupational rate of accident in Russia has been studied. It has been set forward the innovation model of health care of employees in oil and gas industry based on integrated approach, which combines the medical examination practice, the objective appraisal of workplaces on working condition, use of new saving production technologies, providing the employees with the means of individual protection, teaching the personnel to occupational safety and health culture and the first medical aid. The received results approve the efficiency of application of this model.

The authors studied features of vegetative regulation in patients with occupational cervical dorsopathy and specified differentiated rehabilitation programs proved to be more efficient than the conventional treatment.

The authors studied innovative approaches in postgraduate training of occupational therapy specialists. Findings are that combination of technologic and research approaches provides guaranteed prevailing and development of creativity.

Systemic leucocyte-induced oxidative stress in prolonged occupational exposure to dust modifies oxidative metabolism of neutrophils and RBC, causes inflammatory and destructive, autoimmune processes in gastric lining and possible subsequent occupational gastropathies. To verify gastropathies caused by technogenic dust aerosols, search of preclinical biologic markers of gastric lining damage is essential. The article presents main steps in occupational gastropathies formation, trigger mechanisms, leading pathogenetic factors of gastric lining damage and of atrophic fundus gastritis. Using the mentioned complex of biomarkers in gastric lining state monitoring among workers at periodic and thorough medical examination is main item in forecasting individual risk of occupational gastropathies and in possible approach to their prevention and treatment.

The article deals with problems of optimizing sanatorium-and-spa programs to better health in workers exposed to vibration, through using panto-magnesium pearl baths. Examinations covered 49 individuals exposed to local vibration at work, who underwent health programs including magnetotherapy, manual massage and exercise therapy. The authors conclude that maximal effect of improved life quality was seen after panto-magnesium gas baths course auxiliary to the programs.

The study proved that occupational physical and chemical factors are additional risk factors for early arterial hypertension in the workers exposed; these factors if combined with other well-known ones deteriorate the course of arterial hypertension.

The article presents major mechanisms and leading pathogenetic factors for development and course of vibration disease in post-contact period. The authors demonstrate results of metabolic disorders assessment in patients with variable endurance to occupational vibration, for predicting vibration disease course after contact with the vactor is stopped.

The article covers analysis of work conditions and occupational diseases in diamond mining industry of Far North. Safe length of sevice under exposure to noise is set. The authors specified recommendations on primary and secondary prophylaxis of occupational diseases in workers.

Analysis of transitory disablement morbidity in medical personnel of multifield hospital revealed features of pathology and ways to preserve health in the workers.

The article covers regression and cluster analysis of occupational morbidity exemplified by Siberian Federal District. This parameter appeared regressionally dependent on mining industry level and the workers' occupational conditions. The authors specified algorithm of typing territories according to occupational morbidity in accordance with some factors.

Information technologies development resulted in occupational ophthalmopathy in PC users. The article covers criteria to define the risk group for prevention and rehabilitation measures.

The article deals with analysis of clinical and rentgenologic changes in various pneumoconiosis types over 1960 to 2007 in Novosibirsk region. Findings are that analogous plain film fails to diagnose pulmonary pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconioses associated with "minimal" dust invasions in 10-15% of cases are not revealed by plain films.

The authors demonstrate efficiency of nitrogenous silicon baths in "Belokurikha" resort with precasted factors for neurohormonal state of patients with I degree vibration disease, for their life quality and psychoemotional state, through lower dysbalance of stimulating and peripheral hormons, lower thyroxin/triiodothyronine and estradiol/ testosteron ratios, aldosteron level, positive influence on prooxidant and antioxidant activities of blood serum, on platelet and vascular hemostasis.

The authors present results of evaluating molecular genetic markers to estimate individual risk and forecast visceropathies development in workers exposed to high concentrations of industrial dust aerosols.

Inadequate training of specialists participating in periodic medical examinations remains one of the major problems of medical service for hazardous production workers, as shown by the authors. Suggestions are interactions between medical institution participating in periodic medical examinations and local medical institutions (licensed for periodic medical examinations) through setting an occupational therapist in the latter institutions for continuous observation over individuals having occupational exposure to hazards and for referral to Regional occupational pathology center, if necessary. This organizational pattern is a system of correlated structural elements, providing effective mechanism to save labour resources and more cost-effective, vs. the old pattern.

The authors evaluated life quality of doctors and paramedics in emergency rescue service. Finding is lower life quality of this occupational category in comparison with inpatient medical personnel. The most unfavorable parameters were seen among nurses, females and individuals aged 41-50.

Occupational diseases, although having low share in morbidity and disability structure, induce high degree of disablement and prolonged disablement. Most cases of disablement are high quality professional workers older than 40-50 years, so changes of their qualification and placement are limited.

The authors demonstrated efficiency of aerosol therapy using "Dovolenskaya" mineral water in treating patients with occupational pulmonary diseases. Results are improved bronchial drainage, normal pro- and antioxidant status, lower inflammatory activity in patients with pneumoconiosis and occupational dust bronchitis.

The article presents pathogenetic mechanisms of microangiopathy development in vibration disease. The authors specified leucocyte-endothelial interactions in vascular dysfunction caused by local vibrations, suggested additional methods to diagnose vascular disorders in vibration disease patients.

The authors present results of rehabilitation for vibration disease and respiratory diseases patients in sanatoriums and resorts. Complex special program caused considerable effects on serum peroxidant activity, immunologic state, microcirculation state in patients with vibration disease of I-II severity grade. Due to treatment, patients withoccupational pulmonary diseases demonstrated better general feeling and improved external respiration parameters. The authors showed that existing treatment strategies should be included into rehabilitation programs for patients with vibration disease and chronic pulmonary diseases.

Development of murine HA-1 hepatoma was accompanied by increased activity of cathepsin B (in ascitic cells), cathepsin D (in ascitic fluid) and increased activity of procathepsin B. There were some changes of cysteine proteinases in liver and spleen, not involved directly into tumor growth. The most prominent changes included the decreased level of cysteine proteinase inhibitors cystatin C and stefin A in ascitic cells (and to a lesser degree in liver tissue). During tumor development serum cystatin C concentration decreased by 3-times compared to intact mice. Treatment by antitumor drug Ukraine increased life span of mice with HA-1 hepatoma (transplanted intravenously), decreased the increment of tumor weight. In ascite such treatment caused a decrease of number of tumor cells and an increase of number of macrophages. Ukraie (administered once or 5-times in a dose of 0.5 mg per mice) increased cystatin C level, revealing protective mechanism of action.

Cystatin C is a low-molecular endogenous inhibitor of cysteic proteinases. Sets for immune-enzyme assay of cystatin C in human blood serum (KRKK, Slovenia) were made used of in the case study. The concentration of cystatin C (CCC) in blood serum was found to be higher in cases of certain hemoblastoses (Non-Hodgkin's disease, lymphogranulomatosis and multiple myeloma), with the highest concentration of the inhibitor being observed in patients with resistance to the conducted polychemotherapy and a poor prognostication. The treatment of Non-Hodgkin's disease and of lymphogranulomatosis brought about a normalized CCC in blood serum. It was suggested that CCC in blood serum reflects a nature of tumor growth and, obviously, it can be a criterion in assessing the therapy efficiency. The concentration of alpha 1-proteinases inhibitor remained unchanged before and after treatment.

Immunochemical homology of envelope HIV proteins and human apolipoprotein A-I was for the first time detected by ELISA. Immunochemical reactions between antibodies to apoA-I and HIV envelope proteins and between apoA-I and anti-HIV antibodies present in the blood of AIDS patients were shown. These data suggest that the homology of surface HIV proteins and human apoA-I can lead to competitive relationships impeding the involvement of human apoA-I in gene expression regulation.

The authors studied humoral regulation state in vibration disease patients. Correlation analysis proved role of hormonal disturbances in pathogenesis of angiopathies and visceropathies characteristic for vibration disease.

The paper presents data on the impact of vibration (32 Hz) on spontaneous mutagenesis in mammals. Higher counts of micronuclei were found in the bone marrow polychromophilic red blood cells in rats on day 5 of exposure to vibration, there was a reduction in their counts by day 20 and their recovery by day 30, and their steady-state decrease within 30 days after vibration discontinuation. The involvement of emotional stress in the mechanism of antimutagenic action of vibration is considered.

An increase in the quantity of triglyceride-rich VLDL as well as the total fraction VLDL and LDL occurred following the cold adaptation. The contents of apoB and apoE, respectively, increased. However, a 5-15-day exposure to cold decreased the LDL2 and apoA-1 content. In 49 days of the experiment, the LDL2 and apoA-1 content was restored.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been used for measuring apolipoproteins A-I and B in the urine. ApoB is absent in urine of healthy subjects, and apoA-I is determined in trace quantity. In patients with chronic glomerulonephritis quantity of apoA-I in urine was 117 times as much as in control group. ApoB is present in urine of patients in considerable quantity (1528 +/- 315 micrograms/l). The ELISA method for determining apoA-I and apoB in urine makes it possible to evaluate the gravity of pathological process in kidney.

A two-chain peptide was predicted as a receptor binding site of insulin on the basis of theoretical conformational analysis. This dimeric peptide, consisting of the C-terminal A18-A21 tetrapeptide of the insulin A-chain and the C-terminal B17-B30 tetradecapeptide of the insulin B-chain connected with a disulfide bridge, was synthesized along with the C-terminal nonadecapeptide. The analysis of the aggregation state of human insulin and the synthesized linear and dimeric peptides was performed by the small-angle X-ray scattering method. Specific antibodies were produced after rabbit immunization with the dimeric peptide-BSA conjugate. The immunochemical identity of the model dimeric peptide and the corresponding fragment of the insulin molecule were shown by immunoenzyme analysis.

The binding of 125I-labeled lipoproteins to subcellular structures of rat hepatocytes was studied. The protein component of HDL, LDL, and VLDL was found in large and small membranes, nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes, microsomes, and cell cytosol. The presence in liver nuclear chromatin of proteins immunochemically related to apoA-1 was demonstrated by solid phase immunoenzymatic analysis, dot immunoanalysis, and immunoelectroblotting. The apoprotein A-1 immunoreactivity was detected in transcriptionally inactive total chromatin, transcriptionally active chromatin, and nuclear matrix. The specific apoA-1 immunoreactivity of transcriptionally active chromatin and nuclear matrix was two times as low as that of total and transcriptionally inactive chromatin. Immunoelectroblotting revealed two proteins possessing an apoA-1 immunoreactivity (M(r) 28 and 14 kDa). The 28 kDa protein was found in transcriptionally active chromatin and nuclear matrix, while the 14 kDa one--only in transcriptionally inactive chromatin. the roles of apoproteins in lipid transport to nuclei and the maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally active state are discussed.

Indirect solid-phase immunoenzymatic assay was improved and adapted for quantitative estimation of apo A-I in blood serum. Immunochemical identification of apo A-I was carried out and specific antibodies were obtained. Various procedures of blood serum pretreatment affected dissimilarly the detection of antigenic determinants in apo A-I. Presence of tetramethyl urea in blood serum increased by 30% the latent antigenic determinants accessibility.

Indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay was used to measure apoB in human blood serum. ApoB obtained by traditional gel filtration in sepharose 4B and high-performance liquid chromatography was used as an antigen. Anti-apoB antibodies were immunochemically identified. Working regimens for the components and conjugates employed were selected. ApoB level in human blood serum, determined by this method, has made up 0.83 +/- 0.1 g/l in men and 0.88 +/- 0.1 g/l in women.

The authors have optimized indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for measuring human blood serum apoA-1. Immunochemical identification of the obtained apoA-1 and specific antibodies has been carried out, working regimens for the components and conjugates employed have been selected. Relationship between the method of preliminary treatment of the serum and the completeness of detected apoA-1 antigenic determinants is demonstrated. Normal blood serum apoA-1 level is 1.06 +/- 0.1 g/l in females and 1.05 +/- 0.1 g/l in male subjects.