Search

Abstract A visible light-responsive magnetically separable photocatalyst Pd-g-C3N4-Vanillin@γ-Fe2O3-TiO2 is fabricated using vanillin as a natural junction under ultrasonic agitation. Structural, morphological, optical, thermal, and magnetic assessments of the as-prepared catalyst are carried out. The photocatalyst successfully drives the simultaneous benzimidazole formation, and olefin hydrogenation with high atom economy under blue LED light and mild conditions. The photocatalytic activity of Pd-g-C3N4-Vanillin@γ-Fe2O3-TiO2 is significantly affected by the γ-Fe2O3:TiO2 weight ratio. PL spectra revealed the effective separation of carriers in the fabricated catalyst promoting its photocatalytic activity. The action spectra using the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) exhibited the maximum AQEs at 520 and 750 nm in which the highest performance for styrene hydrogenation is observed. The title magnetically separable heterogeneous photocatalyst provides high yields of products under perfectly safe visible light, produces low/zero waste, and avoids using an external high-pressure hydrogen gas source, harmful solvents, undesirable additives, and reducing agents rendering green conditions for chemical reactions.

Abstract Recent advancements in diagnostic CT detector technology have made it possible to resolve anatomical features smaller than 20 LP/cm, referred to as ultra-high-resolution (UHR) CT. Subtle biological motions that did not affect standard-resolution (SR) CT may not be neglected in UHR. This study aimed to quantify the cardiac-induced motion of the pancreas and simulate its impact on the image quality of UHR-CT. We measured the displacement of the head of the pancreas in three healthy volunteers using Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) MRI. The results were used to simulate SR- and UHR-CT acquisitions affected by pancreatic motion. We found pancreatic displacement in the 0.24–1.59 mm range during one cardiac cycle across the subjects. The greatest displacement was observed in the anterior–posterior direction. The time to peak displacement varied across subjects. Both SR and UHR images showed reduced image quality, as measured by radial modulation transfer function, due to cardiac-induced motion, but the motion artifacts caused more severe degradation in UHR acquisitions. Our investigation of cardiac-induced pancreatic displacement reveals its potential to degrade both standard and UHR-CT scans. To fully utilize the improvement in spatial resolution offered by UHR-CT, the effects of cardiac-induced motion in the abdomen need to be understood and corrected. Relevance statement Advancements in CT detector technology have enhanced CT scanner spatial resolution to approximately 100 µm. Consequently, previously ignored biological motions such as the cardiac-induced motion of the pancreas now demand attention to fully utilize this improved resolution. Graphical Abstract

A visible light-responsive magnetically separable photocatalyst Pd-g-C3N4-Vanillin@γ-Fe2O3-TiO2 is fabricated using vanillin as a natural junction under ultrasonic agitation. Structural, morphological, optical, thermal, and magnetic assessments of the as-prepared catalyst are carried out. The photocatalyst successfully drives the simultaneous benzimidazole formation, and olefin hydrogenation with high atom economy under blue LED light and mild conditions. The photocatalytic activity of Pd-g-C3N4-Vanillin@γ-Fe2O3-TiO2 is significantly affected by the γ-Fe2O3:TiO2 weight ratio. PL spectra revealed the effective separation of carriers in the fabricated catalyst promoting its photocatalytic activity. The action spectra using the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) exhibited the maximum AQEs at 520 and 750 nm in which the highest performance for styrene hydrogenation is observed. The title magnetically separable heterogeneous photocatalyst provides high yields of products under perfectly safe visible light, produces low/zero waste, and avoids using an external high-pressure hydrogen gas source, harmful solvents, undesirable additives, and reducing agents rendering green conditions for chemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundCT SQUEEZ is a new automated technique to evaluate regional endocardial strain by tracking features on the endocardium from 4D cine CT data. The objective of this study was to measure the range of endocardial regional strain (RSCT) values obtained with CT SQUEEZ in the normal human left ventricle (LV) from standard clinical 4D coronary CTA exams.MethodsRSCT was measured over the heart cycle in 25 humans with normal LV function using cine CT from three vendors. Mean and standard deviation of RSCT values were computed in 16 AHA LV segments to estimate the range of values expected in the normal LV.ResultsCurves describing RSCT vs. time were consistent between subjects. There was a slight gradient of decreasing minimum RSCT value (increased shortening) from the base to the apex of the heart. Mean RSCT values at end-systole were: base = -32% ± 1%, mid = -33% ± 1%, apex = -36% ± 1%. The standard deviation of the minimum systolic RSCT in each segment over all subjects was 5%. The average time to reach maximum shortening was 34% of the RR interval.ConclusionsRegional strain (RSCT) can be rapidly obtained from standard gated coronary CCTA protocols using 4DCT SQUEEZ processing. We estimate that 95% of normal LV end-systolic RSCT values will fall between -23% and -43%; therefore, we hypothesize that an RSCT value higher than -23% will indicate a hypokinetic segment in the human heart.

BackgroundOptimal lead positioning is an important determinant of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiac computed tomography (CT) selection of the optimal epicardial vein for left ventricular (LV) lead placement by targeting regions of late mechanical activation and avoiding myocardial scar.MethodsEighteen patients undergoing CRT upgrade with existing pacing systems underwent preimplant electrocardiogram-gated cardiac CT to assess wall thickness, hypoperfusion, late mechanical activation, and regions of myocardial scar by the derivation of the stretch quantifier for endocardial engraved zones (SQUEEZ) algorithm. Cardiac venous anatomy was mapped to individualized American Heart Association (AHA) bull's-eye plots to identify the optimal venous target and compared with acute hemodynamic response (AHR) in each coronary venous target using an LV pressure wire.ResultsFifteen data sets were evaluable. CT-SQUEEZ-derived targets produced a similar mean AHR compared with the best achievable AHR (20.4% ± 13.7% vs 24.9% ± 11.1%; P = .36). SQUEEZ-derived guidance produced a positive AHR in 92% of target segments, and pacing in a CT-SQUEEZ target vein produced a greater clinical response rate vs nontarget segments (90% vs 60%).ConclusionPreprocedural CT-SQUEEZ-derived target selection may be a valuable tool to predict the optimal venous site for LV lead placement in patients undergoing CRT upgrade.

Statement of the Problem: Since almost half of the child abuse cases affect the head and neck region, dentists have an important role in the diagnosis and report of oral and dental aspects of child abuse cases. Purpose: The objective of the current study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of the general dentists and pedodontists regarding child abuse and child neglect. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out on the participants of the 12th congress of pedodontists of Iran. A self-administered questionnaire was used for evaluating their knowledge, attitude and practice toward child abuse. T-test and ANOVA were applied to analyze the data by SPSS software. p 0.05). Conclusion: Dentists had a moderate knowledge, poor attitude and moderate practice regarding child abuse. Considering this fact, improvements in child abuse education for undergraduate students and continuing post-graduate training in this field are recommended.