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1. Energy monitoring as an essential building block towards sustainable ultrascale systems

Author

Jorge G. Barbosa, Manuel F. Dolz, Marcos Dias De Assuncao, Helen D. Karatza, Ivona Brandic, Jean-Marc Pierson, Georges Da Costa, Francisco Almeida, Ilias Mavridis, Vicente Blanco, Ariel Oleksiak, Anne C. Elster, Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Laurent Lefèvre, Mateusz Jarus, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms (AVALON), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Departamento de matematica aplicada [Porto] (LIACC), Universidade do Porto, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Department of Electronic Systems [Trondheim] (IES NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Poznan University of Technology (PUT), Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems (MYRIADS), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE (IRISA-D1), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Nesus European COST Action IC1305European Commission under contract 288701 through the project CoolEmAlFrench Fonds national pour la Societe Numerique (FSN) XLCloudGrid5000FWF through project Y 904 START-Program 2015, Grid5000, Avalon, Myriads, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Faculdade de Engenharia, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GREECE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes - INSA (FRANCE), Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU (NORWAY), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Université de Bretagne Sud - UBS (FRANCE), Universität Wien (AUSTRIA), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid - UC3M (SPAIN), Universidad de La Laguna - ULL (SPAIN), Universidade do Porto - UP (PORTUGAL), Université de Rennes 1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires - IRISA (Rennes, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Universidad de La Laguna ( ULL ), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms ( AVALON ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme ( LIP ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme ( LIP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Departamento de matematica aplicada [Porto] ( LIACC ), University of Porto, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] ( TU WIEN ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid], Department of Electronics and Telecommunications [Norwegian University of Science and Technology], Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] ( NTNU ), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center ( PSNC ), Poznan University of Technology, Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems ( MYRIADS ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE ( IRISA_D1 ), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
Ultra large-scale systems, Monitoring, General Computer Science, Computer science, [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020209 energy, energy-efficiency, Big data, Ultra-large-scale systems, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática [Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias], 02 engineering and technology, Bottleneck, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [ INFO.INFO-DC ] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Architectures Matérielles, Computer engineering, Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, energy-awareness, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Simulation, Block (data storage), Energy-efficiency, business.industry, Information and Computer Science, Systèmes embarqués, Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering [Engineering and technology], monitoring, Engenharia de computadores, Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática, Risk analysis (engineering), Information technology management, Sustainability, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], business, Energy-awareness, Efficient energy use
Abstract

International audience; An Ultrascale System (USS) joins parallel and distributed computing systems that will be two to three orders of magnitude larger than today's infrastructure regarding scale, performance, the number of components and their complexity. For such systems to become a reality, however, advances must be made in High Performance Computing (HPC), large-scale distributed systems, and big data solutions, also tackling challenges such as improving the energy efficiency of the IT infrastructure. Monitoring the power consumed by underlying IT resources is essential towards optimising the manner IT resources are used and hence improve the sustainability of such systems. Nevertheless, monitoring the energy consumed by USSs is a challenging endeavour as the system can comprise thousands of heterogeneous server resources spanning multiple data centres. Moreover, the amount of monitoring data, its gathering, and processing , should never become a bottleneck nor profoundly impact the energy efficiency of the overall system. This work surveys state of the art on energy monitoring of large-scale systems and methodologies for monitoring the power consumed by large systems and discusses some of the challenges to be addressed towards monitoring and improving the energy efficiency of USSs. Next, we present efforts made on designing monitoring solutions. Finally, we discuss potential gaps in existing solutions when tackling emerging large-scale monitoring scenarios and present some directions for future research on the topic.

Published
2018

2. Energy Optimization Methodology for e-Infrastructure Providers

Author

Astsatryan, Hrachya, Narsisian, Wahi, Kocharyan, Aram, Da Costa, Georges, Hankel, Albert, Oleksiak, Ariel, Institute for Informatics and Automation Problems, NAS of Armenia, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), SURFnet (Utrecht, Pays-Bas), SURFnet (NETHERLANDS), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia (ARMENIA), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Green ICT, Virtualization, Nesus, E-infrastructure, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, DVFS, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Energy optimisation, Memory ballooning
Abstract

International audience; The environmental protection is a dominant concern for all types of industries, organizations, and governments. In this regard, the reduction of the energy consumption is substantial in bringing down the CO2 gas emission, which is considered as an important factor causing global warming. The e-infrastructure service providers, such as National Research and Education Networks or National Grid Initiatives have crucial role in the context of energy awareness because the energy consumption of the networking, data, and computational infrastructures keeps increasing exponentially over the time. In addition to this, scientific gateways and cloud services are becoming more significant to tackle scientific and societal challenges. Therefore, there is a need to provide robust and reliable services taking into account energy consumption aspect of e-infrastructures. The aim of the article is to introduce an energy optimization methodology for the beneficiaries of the e-infrastructures to explore, optimize, and report the energy consumption and CO2 emission of data, computing, and networking facilities. The suggested methodology has been implemented within the Armenian e-infrastructure aiming at the reduction of the energy consumption and thereby the CO2 emission.

Published
2017

3. Energy and thermal models for simulation of workload and resource management in computing systems

Author

Wojciech Piątek, Georges Da Costa, Ariel Oleksiak, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Poznan University of Technology - PUT (POLAND), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Simulations, Energy-efficiency, Scale (ratio), Computer science, business.industry, Distributed computing, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Workload, Energy consumption, Systèmes embarqués, Exascale computing, Software, Utility computing, Hardware and Architecture, Architectures Matérielles, Modeling and Simulation, Resource management, Thermal models, Data centers, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

In the recent years, we have faced the evolution of high-performance computing (HPC) systems towards higher scale, density and heterogeneity. In particular, hardware vendors along with software providers, HPC centers, and scientists are struggling with the exascale computing challenge. As the density of both computing power and heat is growing, proper energy and thermal management becomes crucial in terms of overall system efficiency. Moreover, an accurate and relatively fast method to evaluate such large scale computing systems is needed. In this paper we present a way to model energy and thermal behavior of computing system. The proposed model can be used to effectively estimate system performance, energy consumption, and energy-efficiency metrics. We evaluate their accuracy by comparing the values calculated based on these models against the measurements obtained on real hardware. Finally, we show how the proposed models can be applied to workload scheduling and resource management in large scale computing systems by integrating them in the DCworms simulation framework.

Published
2015

4. Energy-Efficient, Thermal-Aware Modeling and Simulation of Datacenters: The CoolEmAll Approach and Evaluation Results

Author

Patricia Stolf, Leandro F. Cupertino, Thomas Zilio, Jaume Salom, Jean-Marc Pierson, Laura Sisó, Georges Da Costa, Wojciech Piatek, Hongyang Sun, Ariel Oleksiak, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Catalonia Institute for Energy Research - IREC (SPAIN), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Scheduling (computing), Modeling and simulation, Workload management, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Thermal aware, Resource management policies, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Resource management, Data centers, business.industry, Scheduling, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Workload, Systèmes embarqués, Reliability engineering, Energy efficiency, Hardware and Architecture, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data center, Metrics, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Software, Efficient energy use
Abstract

International audience; This paper describes the CoolEmAll project and its approach for modeling and simulating energy-efficient and thermal-aware data centers. The aim of the project was to address energy-thermal efficiency of data centers by combining the optimization of IT, cooling and workload management. This paper provides a complete data center model considering the workload profiles, the applications profiling, the power model and a cooling model. Different energy efficiency metrics are proposed and various resource management and scheduling policies are presented. The proposed strategies are validated through simulation at different levels of a data center

Published
2015

5. Cloud Computing: Survey on Energy Efficiency

Author

Ariel Oleksiak, Ivona Brandic, Toni Mastelic, Jean-Marc Pierson, Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Holger Claussen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Technische Universität Wien - TU Wien (AUSTRIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Alcatel-Lucent (FRANCE), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Poznan University of Technology - PUT (POLAND), University of Western Macedonia - UOWM (GREECE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Poznan Supercomputing and networking center, Poznan University of Technology, Alcatel-Lucent, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Western Macedonia [Kozani] (UoWM), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], General Computer Science, Cloud management, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Cloud computing, Network, Servers, Computer security, computer.software_genre, 7. Clean energy, Theoretical Computer Science, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, Data center, Cloud computing security, Appliances, End user, business.industry, Systèmes embarqués, Networking hardware, cloud computing, energy efficiency, data center, network, servers, cloud management system, appliances, Energy efficiency, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Telecommunications, business, Cloud management system, computer, Efficient energy use
Abstract

International audience; Cloud computing is today’s most emphasized Information and Communications Technology (ICT) paradigm that is directly or indirectly used by almost every online user. However, such great significance comes with the support of a great infrastructure that includes large data centers comprising thousands of server units and other supporting equipment. Their share in power consumption generates between 1.1% and 1.5% of the total electricity use worldwide and is projected to rise even more. Such alarming numbers demand rethinking the energy efficiency of such infrastructures. However, before making any changes to infrastructure, an analysis of the current status is required. In this article, we perform a comprehensive analysis of an infrastructure supporting the cloud computing paradigm with regards to energy efficiency. First, we define a systematic approach for analyzing the energy efficiency of most important data center domains, including server and network equipment, as well as cloud management systems and appliances consisting of a software utilized by end users. Second, we utilize this approach for analyzing available scientific and industrial literature on state-of-the-art practices in data centers and their equipment. Finally, we extract existing challenges and highlight future research directions.

Published
2014

6. Minimization of Costs and Energy Consumption in a Data Center by a Workload-Based Capacity Management

Author

Laura Sisó, Georges Da Costa, Ariel Oleksiak, Wojciech Piatek, Jaume Salom, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universitat de Barcelona - UB (SPAIN), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Poznan University of Technology - PUT (POLAND), Catalonia Institute for Energy Research - IREC (Barcelone, Espagne), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Poznan University of Technology (PUT), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Simulations, Engineering, CAPEX, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Heat-aware, Cooling capacity, 7. Clean energy, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, Range (aeronautics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Data centers, Operating expense, business.industry, Workload, Energy consumption, OPEX, Capacity management, Systèmes embarqués, Reliability engineering, Energy efficiency, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data center, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Metrics, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Efficient energy use
Abstract

International audience; In this paper we present an approach to improve power and cooling capacity management in a data center by taking into account knowledge about applications and workloads. We apply power capping techniques and proper cooling infrastructure configuration to achieve savings in energy and costs. To estimate values of a total energy consumption and costs we simulate both IT software/hardware and cooling infrastructure at once using the CoolEmAll SVD Toolkit. We also investigated the use of power capping to adjust data center operation to variable power supply and pricing. By better adjusting cooling infrastructure to specific types of workloads, we were able to find a configuration which resulted in energy, OPEX and CAPEX savings in the range of 4–25 %.

Published
2014

7. Energy - and Heat-aware HPC Benchmarks

Author

Mateusz Jarus, Georges Da Costa, Thomas Zilio, Ariel Oleksiak, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Distributed computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Parallel computing, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Thermal aware, Architectures Matérielles, Benckmark, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Point (geometry), Data center, Thermal-aware, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Energy-aware, HPC, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

International audience; To evaluate data centers is tough. Several metrics are available to provide insight into their behaviour, but usually they are tested using simple benchmarks like LINPACK for HPC oriented data centers. A good choice of benchmarks is necessary to evaluate all the impact of applications on those data centers. One point that is often overlooked is their energy- and thermal-quality. To evaluate these qualities, adequate benchmarks are required from several points of view: from the nodes to the whole building. Classical benchmarks selection mainly focuses on time and raw performance. This article aims at shifting the focus towards an energy- and power-point of view. To this end, we select benchmarks able to evaluate data centers not only from this performance perspective, but also from the energy and thermal standpoint. We also provide insight into several classical benchmarks and method to select an adequate and small number of benchmarks in order to provide a sensible and minimum set of energy- and thermal-aware benchmarks for HPC systems.

Published
2013

8. Modeling Data Center Building Blocks for Energy-efficiency and Thermal Simulations

Author

Wojciech Piatek, Ariel Oleksiak, Micha vor dem Berge, Georges Da Costa, Mateusz Jarus, Eugen Volk, Christmann Informationstechnik + Medien (GERMANY), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart [Stuttgart] (HLRS), University of Stuttgart, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universität Stuttgart (GERMANY), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (Stuttgart, Allemagne), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Simulations, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, 020209 energy, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Computational science, Data modeling, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Center (algebra and category theory), Data centers, Architecture, Simulation, business.industry, Systèmes embarqués, Power usage, Energy efficiency, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data center, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Efficient energy use
Abstract

International audience; In this paper we present a concept and specification of Data Center Efficiency Building Blocks (DEBBs), which represent hardware components of a data center complemented by descriptions of their energy efficiency. Proposed building blocks contain hardware and thermodynamic models that can be applied to simulate a data center and to evaluate its energy efficiency. DEBBs are available in an open repository being built by the CoolEmAll project. In the paper we illustrate the concept by an example of DEBB defined for the RECS multi-server system including models of its power usage and thermodynamic properties. We also show how these models are affected by specific architecture of modeled hardware and differences between various classes of applications. Proposed models are verified by a comparison to measurements on a real infrastructure. Finally, we demonstrate how DEBBs are used in data center simulations.

Published
2013

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