Search

The patients are generally encouraged to attend their recall visits at regular intervals of six months, irrespective of the individual's risk of developing dental disease. The major important role of the dental recall has been seen as the prevention and early detection of dental caries and periodontal disease in particular. The recommendation of a six-month recall interval has become a mandatory practice in dental clinics. Thus, this paper reviews about the guidelines relating to the recall of the patients, various types of recall systems and how we can establish a recall visit. In addition, the paper focuses about the ideal recall visit as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The posterior fibromuscular part of the palate that attaches to the hard palate is what is often referred to as the soft palate. To distinguish between sexes, this research measured the velar for length, breadth, and morphological diversity. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty boys and girls, ages 15–25, had digital lateral cephalograms obtained. Using the taxonomy proposed by You et al., we categorized velar morphology into six different types and conducted an in-depth analysis of each. The resting length of the soft palate may be seen as a straight line stretching from the back of the nose to the tip of the uvula. It was also determined how wide the soft palate really is. IBM SPSS statistics 21 was used for the statistical analysis. The mean, the standard deviation, and the percentage distribution were used to describe the data. To ensure that the data were normally distributed, the Shapiro–Wilk test was run on them. Comparisons of clusters of discrete categories were made using the Chi-square test. To identify statistically significant differences between the sexes, we employed the independent Student's t-test. The mean length and width of different velar shapes of both genders were calculated using an analysis of variance test. Results: Type 2 was more common in males than in Types 1, 3, or 6. Form 6 was the rarest of the forms. Type 1 was more common among women than any of the other types, including Types 2, 3, and 6. The most frequent kind was Type 1. The veli of men are much longer and broader than those of females. Conclusion: In light of all the metric measurements from the current study, gender can be established from the length, width, and soft palate morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral tissue forms an integral part of the human and is extremely vulnerable to disease as they are in intimate relation with the external environment and being constantly subjected to mechanical, chemical and bacterial interactions. Aim: To assess the oral health knowledge, attitude, practices and oral health status & treatment needs among health care workers in Lucknow. Materials & Methods: The aim of the descriptive cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices towards Dental Health. Multistage random sampling technique was used to allocate community health centers and primary health centers of Lucknow District. The study proforma had two parts: First part consisted of a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. The second part of the study proforma consisted of Extra – Oral examination. Results: Most of the respondents of the age group 20-40 have good state of teeth (51.8%) while most of the respondents of the age group 41-60 and above 60 years have average state of teeth (42.3%, 61.5%). Associations between the dependent and independent variables of categorical (discrete) type were tested by chi – square (χ2) test. p values less than 0.005 was considered to be significant. Conclusion: The study findings concluded that there was an evident gap between their knowledge and what they were really practicing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral diseases are considered a public health problem due to their high prevalence. It is the primary concern of oral health educators to impart positive oral health knowledge and behavior in the society. Health workers' knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward oral health to a great extent influence the community as they can extend health education at the first contact in the community. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of health care workers. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards oral health among health care workers. The study was conducted among health care workers aged between 20 and 60 years working in Primary Healthcare Centres and Community Healthcare Centres of Lucknow district. Informed consent was obtained from health care workers before the start of the study. The data were collected via a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics-version 21. Results: The results of the study showed that 70.2% of the respondents ever visited the dentist due to somereason of which 19.2% visited once in a year. In addition, 38.9% of the respondents were daily smokers of which the majority belonged to the age group 20–40 years. A total of 63.9% of the respondents were daily chewable tobacco users, and 12.4% were routine users of alcohol. Conclusion: The present study gives a brief insight into the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices of health care workers which were of fair degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Geographic tongue is characterized by erythematous patches with whitish margins across the surface of the tongue, with periods of exacerbation and remission that confer the typical migratory aspect of this entity. There is no definite treatment for geographic tongue as yet. The present study aims to evaluate the response of treatment with topical tacrolimus ointment 0.1% w/w (Protopic®) in geographic tongue. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study involving a total of 14 patients who were randomly divided into two groups, namely Group A and Group B, with 7 patients in each group. Patients were requested to apply 0.1% topical tacrolimus ointment (Protopic®) in an oral base on their lesions and an identical placebo. At each visit, the burning sensation was tested through the Visual Analog Scale and the treatment responses were tested through Tel Aviv-San Francisco Scale. Data were assessed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics version 21. Results: Patients in Group A (0.1% topical tacrolimus) depicted lower scores of burning sensation after the treatment as compared to Group B (placebo). The overall treatment response was significantly better in Group A than Group B. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that topical application of 0.1% tacrolimus is beneficial in the management of symptomatic geographic tongue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To examine the significance of cigarette prices, statuary warning, anti-tobacco camp or advertisement in influencing smoking cessation and the motivation to quit tobacco use.Tobacco use is highly prevalent all over the world. Tobacco smoking and chewing affects almost all the systems of the body. Subjects: Tobacco (smokeless and smoking) male participants aged between 18 and 50 years were recruited. Materials and Methods: Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire related to smoking habits, the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence questionnaire, and effect of price hike, statuary warning, anti-tobacco camp or advertisement. Results: Tobacco user with moderate and high dependent showed no effect in use of tobacco of price hike, statuary warning, anti-tobacco camp or advertisement. Conclusion: This study provides a unique opportunity to study tobacco cessation among tobacco user and their response to tobacco prices, statuary warning, anti-tobacco camp or advertisement. Higher tobacco prices appear to be associated with greater motivation to stop tobacco habit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the oral health status and inflammatory markers in end stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Objectives: To study and compare oral health status of end stage CKD patients with the control group (matched health individuals) and to study and compare inflammatory biomarkers in study and control groups. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 patients of end stage CKD and 50 matched healthy individual, who were taken as control in the study. Convenience sampling technique was used. Oral health status was recorded by using WHO proforma (2013). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also measured in the both groups. These are inflammatory markers which show systemic inflammation. Statistical analysis was done by using IBM SPSS Statistics-version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) Results: The study revealed that patients on dialysis going for transplantation have evidence of increased inflammation as indicated by raised CRP values. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the oral hygiene of the patients is deteriorated who are having chronic kidney disease. Good oral and dental care in CKD patients can improve the transplant outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Gingivitis is codified as the most familiar oral disease in children and teenagers. Several studies reported that most of the children and adolescents have negative impact on quality of life (QoL) due to gingivitis or destructive periodontal disease or poor oral health status. Existing literature in this context on Indian population is sparse. Hence, this study has been shouldered to find out possible coalition between gingivitis and COHRQoL. Objective: This study desires to evaluate the confederation of gingivitis and child oral health-related quality of life (COHRQoL) among school children of Lucknow. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in school going children with the age group of 11–14 years, with a representative sample of 400 students in Lucknow city. For data on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), a predesigned questionnaire (CPQ11-14) was used for demographic information and questions on oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional, and social well-being. Gingival status was evaluated by Gingival index (Loe and Silness 1963). Results: QoL was found to be moderately affected in children with severe gingivitis as compared with children with no gingivitis, mild, and moderate gingivitis, but this difference was found to be statistically nonsignificant (P = 0.896). Conclusion: The present findings indicated that the existence of substantial levels of gingivitis might be fatalistically related with how children perceive their oral health and daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tobacco use is currently recognized as one of a major risk factor for health and is strongly related with high mortality rate globally. Dental professionals can easily recognize the patients with tobacco habits and can better counsel them regarding tobacco cessation due to increased duration of dental treatment as dentists have higher opportunities to deliver better cessation services to their patients. Aim: The present study was aimed at assessing barriers related with the delivery of tobacco cessation program among Dental students of Kanpur City. Methods: The present cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 157 dental students of Kanpur city. Purposive sampling technique was used. A self-structured, close- ended questionnaire consisting of 27 questions was administered to assess the barriers that related with the delivery of tobacco cessation counseling among dental students. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17.0 and percentages were calculated to derive the results. Results: Lack of training (90.44%), inadequate time (85.35%) and fear of losing the patients (84.71%) were the most common barriers reported by dental students. Conclusion: As dentists can easily identify their patients who consume tobacco and can deliver tobacco cessation counseling to them. With a proper training and knowledge regarding this can help them delivering the better counseling and also will help in establishing the healthier society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Objective: Oral health is essential for general health and well-being throughout life and is a marker for overall health status. Poor oral health can have a significant effect on quality of life. Oral health behavior plays an important role in maintaining optimal oral health. Awareness regarding it can lead to the enhancement of oral health. Aim is to evaluate the Oral hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among Dental and Medical students in Kanpur City. Methodology: The present study is a cross sectional descriptive survey. 400 students were selected from dental and medical colleges of Kanpur city as the targeted population for the study. Convenience sampling technique was used. A pre- tested, self-structured, close- ended questionnaire consisting of 15 questions was administered to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding oral hygiene to the targeted population. The data was collected, compiled and then percentage and frequency distribution were calculated. Results: It was seen that 80% dental students and 67% medical students considered that oral health is a part of overall health. It was also seen that the frequency of tooth brushing among dental students was found to be 100% twice a day and amongst medical students it was 51% twice a day. Finally the visit to the dentist in every 6 months amongst dental students was higher (100%) than the medical students (35%). Conclusion: From the study conducted, we can conclude that the awareness regarding knowledge and behaviours amongst dental and medical students was found to be satisfactory. Hence, there is a need for implementation of more preventive programs immediately on oral health promotion which can further help in increasing the knowledge, attitude and practices of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Objective: The prevention and control of tobacco use is an emerging issue of global significance and of central importance to oral health and dental care. The dental profession is in an excellent position to play a major role in several emerging issues, such as helping the public and policymakers understand the chronic nature of tobacco dependence and supporting cessation services for all people. Objective is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of dental surgeons in Kanpur city towards tobacco cessation. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among dental surgeons by using self-administered questionnaire with23 closedended questions. A total of100 dental practitioners who fulfilled the eligibility criteria, participated in the study. Out of this 85 people returned the filled questionnaire form and the response rate was 85%. Descriptive statistics included computation of percentages. Results: Most of the respondents were male (80%) and had practiced dentistry for 5-10 years (91.8%). All the respondents (100%) had the knowledge of harmful effects of tobacco use. A less percentage (8.3%) used tobacco themselves. All the respondents (100%) did not maintain any records on tobacco use. Most of the respondents (82.4%) provided information on harmful effects of tobacco to less than thirty percent of the patients. Only 48.2% dental surgeons advised users to quit. Conclusion: The results of this study call for sensitizing health professionals on a larger scale on the issue of tobacco use and its treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Accidents and cardiac arrest are mostly encountered life threatening emergencies, which can sometimes be prevented by adequate knowledge and proper practice regarding basic life support (BLS) and resuscitation. Therefore, the study aims at evaluating the knowledge and awareness of adult basic life support among postgraduate students of Rama Dental College, Kanpur. Methodology: A cross- sectional descriptive study was been conducted amongst the postgraduate students regarding BLS. Permission was obtained from the Institutional heads and the review board. A self- structured questionnaire in English which was administered was validated via pilot study. The questionnaire comprised of 13 close ended questions including demographic details as well as questions regarding knowledge and awareness on Basic Life Support. A single calibrated examiner administered the questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by calculating percentage and frequency distribution. Results: 100 postgraduate students were chosen as study subjects. Out of those, 95 students submitted the duly filled questionnaires. Therefore, it was seen that only 37%-38% students had knowledge regarding the meaning of BLS, while only 11% postgraduate students were aware of the latest modification of the BLS. 30%-37% students gave the correct response for the question 'first response when you see a person unresponsive on road'. 56% students had knowledge regarding the location for compression of chest. Conclusion: In the current study, we found that most of the postgraduate students did not have adequate knowledge regarding BLS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of TurmNova ® lozenges and its active ingredient "curcumin" as a low-cost, safe, and noninvasive chemopreventive agent with intralesional corticosteroids (with hyaluronidase) in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF)., Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients with group III OSMF (Khanna JN and Andrade NN classification) visiting the dental outpatient clinic of the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Center, Kanpur, were selected for the study. A total of 80 patients were randomly divided into two groups (40 participants each): group A to whom TurmNova® lozenges containing turmeric extract 100 mg along with clove oil 10 mg three times daily for 3 months were given and group B to whom intralesional infiltration of 2 mL dexamethasone (4 mg/mL) + hyaluronidase 1500 IU dissolved in 0.5 mL of 2% lignocaine twice a week for 3 months was given. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21.0. Armonk, New York: IBM Corp.) Results: Statistical analysis revealed that there was significant clinical improvement in mouth opening and subjective symptoms, like burning sensation/pain associated with the lesion and tongue protrusion in the group A as compared to group B., Conclusion: Curcumin (100 mg) in an innovative delivery system of lozenge results in a higher level of plasma curcumin level. The aforementioned dosages prevent its biotransformation and inactivation by the liver enzymes. Because of these properties, curcumin lozenges are safer, low-cost, and effective alternative treatment in contrast to the present traditional treatment. Further long-term, prospective, large-scale studies need to be done., Clinical Significance: Curcumin has a role in the treatment of oral premalignant conditions and acts as a very effective chemopreventive agent in the prevention of cancer.

Background: Teledentistry is a rapidly forming subset of dentistry being used extensively in urban as well as rural areas addressing problems related to cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and quality in delivering oral health-care services. The present study aims to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes regarding teledentistry among the dental postgraduates of Kanpur city, India., Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out on a total of 120 postgraduate students. A pretested, self-structured, close-ended questionnaire was administered that consisted of 20 questions were included. The data collected was compiled in a systemic manner and analyzed in terms of frequency (yes/no)., Results: Only 77 postgraduate students responded, and it was observed that 74.4% of students had knowledge regarding teledentistry and 79.2% of students contemplated to practice teledentistry in the future. The overall awareness and attitudes regarding teledentistry were found to be 71.7%., Conclusion: The knowledge, awareness, and attitudes were found to be satisfactory among the postgraduate dental students., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

Background: Anterior crowding/ spacing are one of the major problems that inspire patients to undergo orthodontic treatment. Several factors associated with anterior crowding/ spacing includes arch width and length, mesio-distal tooth diameter and proportions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of maxillary and mandibular base lengths to the amount of anterior dental crowding/ spacing in patients with complete class II malocclusions., Material and Methods: A retrospective study was done with 152 patients who were divided into four groups according to the severity of pre-treatment dental crowding/spacing present in the mandibular arch. Measurements were performed on the pre-treatment dental casts and lateral cephalograms. Statistical analysis was done using t-test and chi-square test., Results: Subjects with complete class II malocclusion and moderate to severe mandibular crowding [≥3mm] have significantly smaller base lengths as compared to the subjects with slight crowding or spacing [<3mm]., Conclusions: There exists an inverse correlation between maxillary and mandibular base lengths and the severity of dental crowding and direct correlation with spacing. Key words: Apical base lengths, Class II malocclusion, Crowding, Incisor inclination, Spacing., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement: None.