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The study of landscape patterns and prevailing ecological processes in a riverine environment is significant for the sustainable management of natural resources. To study the landscape ecology in terms of identification and quantification of landscape patterns and ecological processes in a manner of spatial and temporal heterogeneity has been performed with the application of remote sensing and GIS as well as interpreting water quality data. A systematic scale-independent approach and organization of the landscape ecological indicators like the forest, water, land use, and human community are combined in landscape ecological study. Estimations of changes in landscape ecological indicators and their trends have been performed by using a combination of geospatial and statistical techniques. The spatial pattern of source and sink landscapes was measured using relative elevation, slope gradient, and relative flow length, and maps were prepared from the DEM. The date about surface water quality were collected from the outlets of the river basin and analysed to identify the pollution scenario with relation to source and sink landscape categories. The location-weighted landscape contrast index (LWLI) has been applied to study the impact of landscape type on ecological processes. Lorenz curves and GINI co-efficient of 11 landscape units were prepared by normalizing the landscape spatial elements to determine the configuration of source and sink landscapes. The overall calculated LWLI of the basin is more than zero which revealed that the NPS has the potential impact on the landscape ecology of the Subarnarekha Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]