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Solar energy is utilized by converting it to electrical energy using solar photovoltaic (PV). Solar energy is absorbed and converted by PV up to 30%. The remaining energy is wasted in the form of heat which raises the surface temperature and causes damage to the solar photovoltaic. So that it can affect the performance produced by solar photovoltaic. Lowering the temperature of solar photovoltaic using a heatsink as a heat transfer medium. The effectiveness of the heatsink is influenced by the air flow so as to facilitate heat transfer. Therefore, the study conducted experiments with the addition of an air concentrator to be installed as a support for heatsink performance in the solar photovoltaic cooling process. The addition of a concentrator at the peak intensity of the solar panel can reduce the working temperature by 4.8°C. Solar panels with concentrators can increase the maximum power value by 1.45 W and efficiency by 0.38% higher than panels without concentrators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fastback car is the type of car that has the smallest wake area which makes the fastback car type the type of car that has the lowest drag coefficient. aerodynamic forces contribute to increasing downforce at the front of the car and reducing downforce at the rear. This disturbs the balance by reducing the yaw angle on the front tires but at the same time increasing the yaw angle on the rear, which causes the car to become unstable. With the installation of a rear wing, it is able to increase the downforce on the rear tires and reduce the yaw angle. The research was conducted by simulating the addition of a rear wing with an Eppler423 airfoil attached to a Gurney flap. The simulation is carried out with 3d Computational Fluid Dynamic modeling to determine the value of the velocity and pressure distribution by varying the angle of attack. The rear wing design will be modified with an angle of attack of 0°, 7.5°, and 15°. The difference in pressure at the top and bottom of the wing creates downforce on the rear wing. The study found that the addition of a rear wing with an Eppler423 airfoil attached to a Gurney flap with an angle of 15o had the highest downforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]