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6. The CDC Domestic Mpox Response--United States, 2022-2023

Author

McQuiston, Jennifer H., Braden, Christopher R., Bowen, Michael D., McCollum, Andrea M., McDonald, Robert, Carnes, Neal, Carter, Rosalind J., Christie, Athalia, Doty, Jeffrey B., Ellington, Sascha, Fehrenbach, S. Nicole, Gundlapalli, Adi V., Hutson, Christina L., Kachur, Rachel E., Maitland, Aaron, Pearson, Christine M., Prejean, Joseph, Quilter, Laura A.S., Rao, Agam K., Yu, Yon, and Mermin, Jonathan

Subjects
United States. Food and Drug Administration, United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Social service, Zoonoses, Public health, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

Monkeypox (mpox) is a serious viral zoonosis endemic in west and central Africa. An unprecedented global outbreak was first detected in May 2022. CDC activated its emergency outbreak response on [...]

Published
2023

13. HIV Prevalence Rates Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Southern United States: Population-Based Estimates by Race/Ethnicity

Author

Lieb, Spencer, Prejean, Joseph, Thompson, Daniel R., Fallon, Stephen J., Cooper, Hannah, Gates, Gary J., Liberti, Thomas M., Friedman, Samuel R., and Malow, Robert M.

Subjects
HIV/AIDS, Southern United States, Gay Men, MSM population
Abstract

States across the U.S. lack effective ways to quantify HIV prevalence rates among men who have sex with men (MSM). We estimated population-based HIV prevalence rates among MSM in the 17 southern states by race/ethnicity. Through 2007, estimated HIV prevalence rates per 100,000 MSM ranged from 2,607.6 among white (non-Hispanic) MSM in Maryland to 41,512.9 among black (non-Hispanic) MSM in the District of Columbia. Black MSM rates significantly exceeded Hispanic and white MSM rates in each state. Significant racial/ethnic disparities in rates persisted in a sensitivity analysis examining the possibility that minority MSM populations had been underestimated in each state. Compared with black, Hispanic, and white non-MSM males, respectively, rates at the regional level were 25.2 times higher for black MSM, 43.0 times higher for Hispanic MSM, and 106.0 times higher for white MSM. State-level analysis of racial/ethnic-specific MSM HIV prevalence rates can help guide resource allocation and assist advocacy.

Published
2010

19. Vital Signs: HIV Infection, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men--United States, 2010-2019

Author

Pitasi, Marc A., Beer, Linda, Cha, Susan, Lyons, Shacara Johnson, Hernandez, Angela L., Prejean, Joseph, Valleroy, Linda A., Crim, Stacy M., Trujillo, Lindsay, Hardman, Dominique, Painter, Elizabeth M., Petty, Jacqueline, Mermin, Jonathan H., Daskalakis, Demetre C., and Hall, H. Irene

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Medical research -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Analysis -- Health aspects, HIV testing -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Discrimination against AIDS virus carriers -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Antiviral agents -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Sexually transmitted diseases -- Prevention, African Americans -- Analysis -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Introduction Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by HIV since the onset of the epidemic and have been a priority population [...]

Published
2021

25. Changes in HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Awareness and Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men — 20 Urban Areas, 2014 and 2017

Author

Finlayson, Teresa, Cha, Susan, Xia, Ming, Trujillo, Lindsay, Denson, Damian, Prejean, Joseph, Kanny, Dafna, Wejnert, Cyprian, Abrego, Meaghan, Al-Tayyib, Alia, Anderson, Bridget, Barak, Narquis, Bayang, Lissa, Beckford, Jeremy M., Benbow, Nanette, Bolden, Barbara, Brady, Kathleen A., Brandt, Mary-Grace, Braunstein, Sarah, Burt, Richard, Cano, Rosalinda, Carrillo, Sidney, Deng, Jie, Doherty, Rose, Flynn, Anna, Flynn, Colin, Forrest, David, Fukuda, Dawn, German, Danielle, Glick, Sara, Godette, Henry, Griffin, Vivian, Higgins, Emily, Ick, Theresa, Jaenicke, Tom, Jimenez, Antonio D., Khuwaja, Salma, Klevens, Monina, Kuo, Irene, LaLota, Marlene, Lopez, Zaida, Ma, Yingbo, Macomber, Kathryn, Masiello Schuette, Stephanie, Mattson, Melanie, Melton, David, Miranda De León, Sandra, Neaigus, Alan, Nixon, Willie, Nnumolu, Chrysanthus, Novoa, Alicia, O’Cleirigh, Conall, Opoku, Jenevieve, Padgett, Paige, Poe, Jonathon, Prachand, Nikhil, Raymond, H. Fisher, Rehman, Hafeez, Reilly, Kathleen H., Rivera, Alexis, Robinson, William T., Rolón-Colón, Yadira, Sato, Kimi, Schacht, John-Mark, Sey, Ekow Kwa, Sheu, Shane, Shinefeld, Jennifer, Shpaner, Mark, Sinclair, Amber, Smith, Lou, Spencer, Emma, Tate, Ashley, Thiede, Hanne, Todd, Jeff, Tovar-Moore, Veronica, Vaaler, Margaret, Wittke, Chris, Wogayehu, Afework, Wortley, Pascale, and Zarwell, Meagan C.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health (social science), Adolescent, Urban Population, Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, MEDLINE, HIV Infections, 01 natural sciences, Men who have sex with men, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Pre-exposure prophylaxis, 0302 clinical medicine, Health Information Management, Environmental health, Health care, Humans, Medicine, Full Report, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, Homosexuality, Male, 0101 mathematics, Young adult, Epidemics, Human services, media_common, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, virus diseases, Hispanic or Latino, General Medicine, United States, Black or African American, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Rural area, business
Abstract

In February 2019, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services proposed a strategic initiative to end the human immunodeficiency (HIV) epidemic in the United States by reducing new HIV infections by 90% during 2020-2030* (1). Phase 1 of the Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative focuses on Washington, DC; San Juan, Puerto Rico; and 48 counties where the majority of new diagnoses of HIV infection in 2016 and 2017 were concentrated and on seven states with a disproportionate occurrence of HIV in rural areas relative to other states.† One of the four pillars in the initiative is protecting persons at risk for HIV infection using proven, comprehensive prevention approaches and treatments, such as HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), which is the use of antiretroviral medications that have proven effective at preventing infection among persons at risk for acquiring HIV. In 2014, CDC released clinical PrEP guidelines to health care providers (2) and intensified efforts to raise awareness and increase the use of PrEP among persons at risk for infection, including gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM), a group that accounted for an estimated 68% of new HIV infections in 2016 (3). Data from CDC's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) were collected in 20 U.S. urban areas in 2014 and 2017, covering 26 of the geographic areas included in Phase I of the Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative, and were compared to assess changes in PrEP awareness and use among MSM. From 2014 to 2017, PrEP awareness increased by 50% overall, with >80% of MSM in 17 of the 20 urban areas reporting PrEP awareness in 2017. Among MSM with likely indications for PrEP (e.g., sexual risk behaviors or recent bacterial sexually transmitted infection [STI]), use of PrEP increased by approximately 500% from 6% to 35%, with significant increases observed in all urban areas and in almost all demographic subgroups. Despite this progress, PrEP use among MSM, especially among black and Hispanic MSM, remains low. Continued efforts to improve coverage are needed to reach the goal of 90% reduction in HIV incidence by 2030. In addition to developing new ways of connecting black and Hispanic MSM to health care providers through demonstration projects, CDC has developed resources and tools such as the Prescribe HIV Prevention program to enable health care providers to integrate PrEP into their clinical care.§ By routinely testing their patients for HIV, assessing HIV-negative patients for risk behaviors, and prescribing PrEP as needed, health care providers can play a critical role in this effort.

Published
2019

27. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States

Author

Hall, H. Irene, Song, Ruiguang, Rhodes, Philip, Prejean, Joseph, Qian An, Lee, Lisa M., Karon, John, Brookmeyer, Ron, Kaplan, Edward H., McKenna, Matthew T., and Janssen, Robert S.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Risk factors, HIV infection -- Care and treatment, Gay men -- Sexual behavior, Gay men -- Health aspects, African Americans -- Health aspects
Abstract

The study aims to estimate the incidence of HIV in the United States. The results indicate that new infections in HIV in the US seem to be more concentrated among the African American population and among those men who have sex with men.

Published
2008

30. Neuropsychological sequelae of chronic recreational gasoline inhalation

Author

Gouvier, Wm. Drew and Prejean, Joseph G.

Subjects
Gasoline -- Health aspects, Solvent abuse -- Psychological aspects, Solvent abuse -- Physiological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Brief summary test profiles are described for two cases of long-term inhalation recreationally of gasoline.

Published
2003

32. Viral suppression among persons in HIV care in the United States during 2009–2013: sampling bias in Medical Monitoring Project surveillance estimates

Author

Bradley, Heather, Althoff, Keri N., Buchacz, Kate, Brooks, John T., Gill, M. John, Horberg, Michael A., Kitahata, Mari M., Marconi, Vincent, Mayer, Kenneth H., Mayor, Angel, Moore, Richard, Mugavero, Michael, Napravnik, Sonia, Paz-Bailey, Gabriela, Prejean, Joseph, Rebeiro, Peter F., Rentsch, Christopher T., Shouse, R. Luke, Silverberg, Michael J., Sullivan, Patrick S., Thorne, Jennifer E., Yehia, Baligh, and Rosenberg, Eli S.

Published
2019
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34. Methods to include persons living with HIV not receiving HIV care in the Medical Monitoring Project

Author

Wei, Stanley C., primary, Messina, Lauren, additional, Hood, Julia, additional, Hughes, Alison, additional, Jaenicke, Thomas, additional, Johnson, Kendra, additional, Mena, Leandro, additional, Scheer, Susan, additional, Udeagu, Chi-Chi, additional, Wohl, Amy, additional, Robertson, McKaylee, additional, Prejean, Joseph, additional, Chen, Mi, additional, Tang, Tian, additional, Bertolli, Jeanne, additional, Johnson, Christopher H., additional, and Skarbinski, Jacek, additional

Published
2019
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35. HIV Testing and Risk Behaviors Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men — United States

Author

Paz-Bailey, Gabriela, Hall, H. Irene, Wolitski, Richard J., Prejean, Joseph, Van Handel, Michelle M., Le, Binh, LaFlam, Michael, Koenig, Linda J., Mendoza, Maria Corazon Bueno, Rose, Charles, and Valleroy, Linda A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Adolescent, Unsafe Sex, HIV Infections, Articles, United States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Young Adult, Risk-Taking, Residence Characteristics, Bisexuality, Humans, Mass Screening, Homosexuality, Male
Abstract

The burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is high among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). High HIV prevalence, lack of awareness of HIV-positive status, unprotected anal sex, and increased viral load among HIV-positive MSM not on antiretroviral treatment contribute substantially to new infections among this population. CDC analyzed data from the National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) to estimate the percentage of HIV diagnoses among MSM by area of residence and data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) to estimate unprotected anal sex in the past 12 months among MSM in 2005, 2008, and 2011; unprotected discordant anal sex at last sex (i.e., with a partner of opposite or unknown HIV status) in 2008 and 2011; and HIV testing history and the percentage HIV-positive but unaware of their HIV status by the time since their last HIV test in 2011. This report describes the results of these analyses. In all but two states, the majority of new HIV diagnoses were among MSM in 2011. Unprotected anal sex at least once in the past 12 months increased from 48% in 2005 to 57% in 2011 (p0.001). The percentage engaging in unprotected discordant anal sex was 13% in 2008 and 2011. In 2011, 33% of HIV-positive but unaware MSM reported unprotected discordant anal sex. Among MSM with negative or unknown HIV status, 67% had an HIV test in the past 12 months. Among those tested recently, the percentage HIV-positive but unaware of their infection was 4%, 5%, and 7% among those tested in the past ≤3, 4-6, and 7-12 months, respectively. Expanded efforts are needed to reduce HIV risk behaviors and to promote at least annual HIV testing among MSM.

Published
2013

37. Evaluating the Evidence for More Frequent Than Annual HIV Screening of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States: Results From a Systematic Review and CDC Expert Consultation

Author

DiNenno, Elizabeth A., primary, Prejean, Joseph, additional, Delaney, Kevin P., additional, Bowles, Kristina, additional, Martin, Tricia, additional, Tailor, Amrita, additional, Dumitru, Gema, additional, Mullins, Mary M., additional, Hutchinson, Angela, additional, and Lansky, Amy, additional

Published
2017
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38. HIV Trends in the United States: Diagnoses and Estimated Incidence

Author

Hall, H Irene, primary, Song, Ruiguang, additional, Tang, Tian, additional, An, Qian, additional, Prejean, Joseph, additional, Dietz, Patricia, additional, Hernandez, Angela L, additional, Green, Timothy, additional, Harris, Norma, additional, McCray, Eugene, additional, and Mermin, Jonathan, additional

Published
2017
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40. Vital signs: HIV infection, testing, and risk behaviors among youths--United States

Author

Whitmore, Suzanne K., Kann, Laura, Prejean, Joseph, Koenig, Linda J., Branson, Bernard M., Hall, H. Irene, Fasula, Amy M., Tracey, Angie, Mermin, Jonathan, and Valleroy, Linda A.

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Risk factors, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, HIV testing, Teenagers -- Behavior, Youth -- Behavior, Children -- Health aspects, Public health, HIV infection -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

Introduction The risk for acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during adolescence and early adulthood starts with initiation of sexual behavior or injection drug use, and initiation of contributing behaviors [...]

Published
2012

41. HIV infections attributed to male-to-male sexual contact--metropolitan statistical areas, United States and Puerto Rico, 2010

Author

Clark, Hollie, Hall, H. Irene, Tang, Tian, Harris, Shericka, Johnson, Anna Satcher, and Prejean, Joseph

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Prevention -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Disease transmission -- Prevention -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Prevention -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections attributed to male-to-male sexual contact comprised 64% of the estimated new HIV infections in the United States in 2009 (1). Assessing the geographic distribution of [...]

Published
2012

42. Geographic differences in HIV infection among Hispanics or Latinos--46 states and Puerto Rico, 2010

Author

An, Qian, Hernandez, Angela, Prejean, Joseph, German, Emilio J., Thompson, Horace, and Hall, H. Irene

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Analysis, Medical research -- Analysis, Medicine, Experimental -- Analysis, HIV infection -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

In the United States, Hispanics or Latinos are disproportionately affected by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In 2010, new diagnoses of HIV infection among Hispanics or Latinos occurred at [...]

Published
2012

43. Previous HIV testing among adults and adolescents newly diagnosed with HIV infection--national HIV surveillance system, 18 jurisdictions, United States, 2006-2009

Author

Hernandez, Angela L., Prejean, Joseph, Doshani, Mona, Linley, Laurie, Ziebell, Rebecca, An, Qian, Branson, Bernard M., and Hall, H. Irene

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, HIV testing -- Health aspects, Infection -- Health aspects, Teenagers -- Health aspects, Youth -- Health aspects, Adults -- Health aspects, Pregnant women -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

In 2006, CDC recommended human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing for adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings and HIV testing at least annually for persons at high risk for [...]

Published
2012

44. Unmet Needs for Ancillary Services Among Hispanics/Latinos Receiving HIV Medical Care — United States, 2013–2014.

Author

Shouse, R. Luke, Valleroy, Linda A., Prejean, Joseph, Bradley, Heather, Korhonen, Lauren C., and DeGroote, Nicholas P.

Subjects
HIV infection transmission, HIV prevention, THERAPEUTICS, HIV infections, MEDICAL care of Hispanic Americans, HEALTH of Hispanic Americans
Abstract

The article discusses how the ancillary services provided to Hispanic American suffering from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection require further improvement. The article further discusses disparity among Hispanic and non-Hispanic people who are affected by HIV in the U.S., along with the government's inability to provide proper HIV treatment and medical care to the Hispanic communities.

Published
2016

45. Estimated HIV Incidence in the United States, 2006–2009

Author

Prejean, Joseph and Prejean, Joseph

Abstract

Background The estimated number of new HIV infections in the United States reflects the leading edge of the epidemic. Previously, CDC estimated HIV incidence in the United States in 2006 as 56,300 (95% CI: 48,200–64,500). We updated the 2006 estimate and calculated incidence for 2007–2009 using improved methodology. Methodology We estimated incidence using incidence surveillance data from 16 states and 2 cities and a modification of our previously described stratified extrapolation method based on a sample survey approach with multiple imputation, stratification, and extrapolation to account for missing data and heterogeneity of HIV testing behavior among population groups. Principal Findings Estimated HIV incidence among persons aged 13 years and older was 48,600 (95% CI: 42,400–54,700) in 2006, 56,000 (95% CI: 49,100–62,900) in 2007, 47,800 (95% CI: 41,800–53,800) in 2008 and 48,100 (95% CI: 42,200–54,000) in 2009. From 2006 to 2009 incidence did not change significantly overall or among specific race/ethnicity or risk groups. However, there was a 21% (95% CI:1.9%–39.8%; p = 0.017) increase in incidence for people aged 13–29 years, driven by a 34% (95% CI: 8.4%–60.4%) increase in young men who have sex with men (MSM). There was a 48% increase among young black/African American MSM (12.3%–83.0%; p<0.001). Among people aged 13–29, only MSM experienced significant increases in incidence, and among 13–29 year-old MSM, incidence increased significantly among young, black/African American MSM. In 2009, MSM accounted for 61% of new infections, heterosexual contact 27%, injection drug use (IDU) 9%, and MSM/IDU 3%. Conclusions/Significance Overall, HIV incidence in the United States was relatively stable 2006–2009; however, among young MSM, particularly black/African American MSM, incidence increased. HIV continues to be a major public health burden, disproportionately affecting several populations in the United States, especially MSM and racial and ethnic minorities. Expa

Published
2011

50. Prevalence of Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing Among Persons Unaware of Their Infection.

Author

Wejnert, Cyprian, Prejean, Joseph, Hoots, Brooke, Hall, H. Irene, McCray, Eugene, Mermin, Jonathan, and NHBS Study Group

Subjects
*HIV infections, *MEN who have sex with men, *DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections, *HIV infection transmission, *INTRAVENOUS drug abusers, *DIAGNOSIS, *AIDS serodiagnosis, MEDICAL error statistics
Abstract

This study uses National HIV Behavioral Surveillance survey data to estimate the proportion of men who have sex with men and persons who inject drugs unaware of their HIV infection who missed opportunities for testing and diagnosis in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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