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Facing the current issue of migration, European Union leaders managed to scrap together a (widely contested) plan for the re-distribution of asylum seekers between the member states. But they also undertook pro-active measures to counter illegal migration; such is the case of the military Operation Sophia.

Boko Haram is no regular terrorist organization; although not as widely-known as the Islamic State or Al-Qaeda, Boko Haram has been declared the deadliest terror group of 2014. Fortunately, the organization seems to currently be on the run; and the successes of the Nigerian government in countering it have been founded on a timely understanding of its modus operandi.

The European defence integration represents today a fact assumed by European governments both at the level of policies and strategies (the Common Security and Def ence Policy, the European Security Strategy), and by conducting concrete activities on the field (the military operations of the European Union). Ever since the beginning of military integration, the strong partnership between the United States and Europe has had a positive influence. Starting on this premise, the paper analyses the way in which the United States has supported the European's efforts in guarantying their own security; furthermore, we discuss the capabilities gap between the two sides of the Atlantic and what opportunities it has to offer, and also what should Europeans do along with the Americans' pivot to Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European military integration is a concept which is more and more accepted by the international community, and its references in the scientific literature are increasing. But how is this concept reflected in the main national strategic documents in the field of security and defence? This is the question to which we turned on writing this article. Using the study of social documents as a research method, we submitted for the analysis of the three most important and relevant documents: Romania's National Security Strategy, the National Defence Strategy and the Transformation Strategy of the Romanian Army. Although relatively obsolete (the latest dates from 2010 and the oldest from 2007), the documents contain a number of principles and references that validate the concept of European military integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early separated from the mainstream of economic integration, military integration continues to remain a relatively less known process. Yet, its effects are major. Using historical representation as a research method and operating at the third level of analysis in international relations, this article presents the way in which military integration helps enhancing European security and stability. I start by presenting the historical moments that contributed to the construction of European defence, marked not only by successes, but by failures also. Then I show how European military integration could be a solution for three of the most significant current challenges: the necessity to strengthen the European defence pillar, globalization of insecurity and the new budgetary constraints. Finally, I demonstrate the importance given to military integration by two of the most important documents in the field: the European Security Strategy and the Report on its implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For decades, security studies have been polarized around a single concept: national security, interpreted as the fundamental condition of each and every nation state's security. However, the multiple attempts of guaranteeing the territorial integrity of the states exclusively through military power have not managed to improve the human condition of it's citizens. As a response, the international community correlated the economic development with military security and human rights, thus creating the concept of human security. This paper identifies and analyses the patterns through which the main traditional actors (states and international governmental organizations) get involved in granting the security of humans and communities during conflict situations. Regarding the states directly drawn into conflict, the main mean through which they can bring a plus of human security is by respecting the norms of International Humanitarian Law. The contribution of the third party states in ensuring the security of individuals and communities affected by conflict consists in: humanitarian assistance, host nation support, non-combatant evacuation or peace operations. As for the international governmental organizations, they often act as forums for political consultations and debates for finding viable solutions. By them, one can achieve the limitation of the conflict's development or even the immediate cessation of violence and repression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]