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17 results on '"Priest, J.W."'

3. Feasibility of a lateral flow test for neurocysticercosis using novel up-converting nanomaterials and a lightweight strip analyzer

Author

Corstjens, P.L.A.M., Dood, C.J. de, Priest, J.W., Tanke, H.J., Handali, S., and Cysticercosis Working Grp Peru

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Bioanalysis, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Neurocysticercosis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Veterinary Epidemiology, law.invention, Lateral flow test, Antigen, Diagnostic Medicine, law, Zoonoses, Medicine and Health Sciences, Parasitic Diseases, Humans, Nanotechnology, Medicine, Taeniasis, Immunoassay, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Cysticercosis, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, Neglected Diseases, lcsh:RA1-1270, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Nanostructures, Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Diseases, Helminth Infections, biology.protein, Recombinant DNA, Feasibility Studies, Veterinary Science, Parasitology, Antibody, business, Research Article
Abstract

Neurocysticercosis is a frequent parasitic infection of the human brain, occurring in most of the world, and requires imaging of the brain to diagnose. To determine the burden of disease and to simplify diagnosis, a field-friendly rapid lateral flow (LF) based antibody screening test was developed. The assay utilizes novel nano-sized up-converting phosphor (UCP) reporter particles in combination with a portable lightweight analyzer and detects antibodies in serum samples reactive with bacterial-expressed recombinant (r) T24H, a marker for detecting neurocysticercosis cases. Three sequential flow steps allow enrichment of antibodies on the Test (T) line and consecutive binding of protein-A coated UCP reporter particles. Antibody binding was determined by measuring 550 nm emission after excitation of the UCP label with a 980 nm infrared (IR) diode. Clinical sensitivity and specificity of the assay to detect cases of human neurocysticercosis with 2 or more viable brain cysts were 96% and 98%, respectively, using a sample set comprised of sera from 63 confirmed cases and 170 healthy parasite-naïve non-endemic controls. In conclusion: Proof-of-principle, of a rapid UCP-LF screening assay for neurocysticercosis was demonstrated. The assay utilized bacterial-expressed rT24H as a potential alternative for baculovirus-expressed rT24H. Performance of the UCP-LF assay was excellent, although further studies need to confirm that bacterial expressed antigen can entirely replace previously used baculovirus antigen. In addition, the increasing availability of commercial sources for UCP reporter materials as well as the accessibility of affordable semi-handheld scanners may allow UCP-based bioanalytical systems for point-of-care to evolve at an even faster pace., Author Summary A field-friendly screening tool to simplify serological diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was developed. The assay utilizes a rapid lateral flow based test platform in combination with unique fluorescent label, up-converting phosphor (UCP) reporter particles. The UCP reporter technology uses infrared excitation and emission of higher energy visible light. Total absence of autofluorescence provides the label with a distinctive advantage compared to common fluorescent labels. The developed assay detects antibodies against an established marker for detecting neurocysticercosis cases, recombinant T24H. In this study rT24H was produced by a bacterial expression system, a less cumbersome method compared to the previously used baculovirus expression system. With a sample set comprised of 63 confirmed neurocysticercosis cases and 170 healthy controls, clinical sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 98%, respectively. The study shows proof-of-principle that the designed UCP-rT24H assay can provide an on-site rapid screening method utilizing a mobile lightweight scanner and 40 nm yttrium fluoride UCP particles. A semi-handheld UCP reader and nano-sized UCP particles performed as good as previously used ‘research and development’-only tools. Availability of commercial sources for UCP reporter materials as well as the accessibility to affordable scanners may allow UCP-based bioanalytical systems for point-of-care to evolve at an even faster pace.

Published
2014

4. A review of the global burden, novel diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine targets for cryptosporidium

Author

Checkley, W., White, A.C., Jaganath, D., Arrowood, M.J., Chalmers, R.M., Chen, X-M, Fayer, R., Griffiths, J.K., Guerrant, R.L., Hedstrom, L., Huston, C.D., Kotloff, K.L., Kang, G., Mead, J.R., Miller, M., Petri, W.A., Priest, J.W., Roos, D.S., Striepen, B., Thompson, R.C.A., Ward, H.D., van Voorhis, W.A., Xiao, L., Zhu, G., Houpt, E.R., Checkley, W., White, A.C., Jaganath, D., Arrowood, M.J., Chalmers, R.M., Chen, X-M, Fayer, R., Griffiths, J.K., Guerrant, R.L., Hedstrom, L., Huston, C.D., Kotloff, K.L., Kang, G., Mead, J.R., Miller, M., Petri, W.A., Priest, J.W., Roos, D.S., Striepen, B., Thompson, R.C.A., Ward, H.D., van Voorhis, W.A., Xiao, L., Zhu, G., and Houpt, E.R.

Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp are well recognised as causes of diarrhoeal disease during waterborne epidemics and in immunocompromised hosts. Studies have also drawn attention to an underestimated global burden and suggest major gaps in optimum diagnosis, treatment, and immunisation. Cryptosporidiosis is increasingly identified as an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Studies in low-resource settings and high-income countries have confirmed the importance of cryptosporidium as a cause of diarrhoea and childhood malnutrition. Diagnostic tests for cryptosporidium infection are suboptimum, necessitating specialised tests that are often insensitive. Antigen-detection and PCR improve sensitivity, and multiplexed antigen detection and molecular assays are underused. Therapy has some effect in healthy hosts and no proven efficacy in patients with AIDS. Use of cryptosporidium genomes has helped to identify promising therapeutic targets, and drugs are in development, but methods to assess the efficacy in vitro and in animals are not well standardised. Partial immunity after exposure suggests the potential for successful vaccines, and several are in development; however, surrogates of protection are not well defined. Improved methods for propagation and genetic manipulation of the organism would be significant advances.

Published
2015

5. Ergonomic changes in work place can improve the productivity of production operations

Author

Priest, J.W.

Subjects
Ergonomics -- Economic aspects, Industrial productivity -- Research, Business, Engineering and manufacturing industries
Abstract

Justifying the cost of ergonomics often is the easiest in companies that are modernizing their operations. A sheet fabrication department that is being reorganized is used as an example of the implementation of ergonomics. Analyzed are the areas of material flow between operations, material handling in operation, and job task and workplace design. An evaluation after six months indicated increased productivity and improved quality and safety.

Published
1985

10. A hybrid analysis and architectural design method for development of smart home components.

Author

Durrett, J.R., Burnell, L.J., and Priest, J.W.

Abstract

Accurate requirements provide the foundation for successful product development. Determining accurate requirements is difficult in many cases and is especially problematic in new and rapidly evolving domains. Development of smart home technologies provides such a challenge due to their dynamic design environment consisting of emergent technology, with minimal existing systems to evaluate, few standards, and users with vague ideas of the benefits or the possibilities. The most troubling problem, however, is how to optimize user satisfaction considering the wide range of user types and preferences and the dynamic system environment created by constant introduction of new products. For early development in this user-focused environment, we propose a new approach based on the synthesis of well established techniques from software engineering, management theory, and hardware product development. We propose the fusion of the use case and house of quality analysis models, simulators, and prototypes, and information processing theory coordination techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2002
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