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637 results on '"Prigent, C."'

1. Validation of millimetre and submillimetre atmospheric collision induced absorption at Chajnantor

Author

Pardo, J. R., De Breuck, C., Muders, D., González, J., Pérez-Beaupuits, J. P., Cernicharo, J., Prigent, C., Serabyn, E., Montenegro-Montes, F. M., Mroczkowski, T., Phillips, N., and Villard, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Due to the importance of a reference atmospheric radiative transfer model for both planning and calibrating ground-based observations at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths, we have undertaken a validation campaign consisting of acquiring atmospheric spectra under different weather conditions, in different diurnal moments and seasons, with the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX), due to the excellent stability of its receivers and the very high frequency resolution of its backends. As a result, a data set consisting of 56 spectra within the 157.3-742.1 GHz frequency range, at kHz resolution (smoothed to $\sim$2-10 MHz for analysis), and spanning one order of magnitude ($\sim$ 0.35-3.5 mm) in precipitable water vapour columns, has been gathered from October 2020 to September 2022. These data are unique for their quality and completeness and, due to the proximity of APEX to the Atacama Large Millimetre/Submillimetre Array (ALMA), they provide an excellent opportunity to validate the atmospheric radiative transfer model currently installed in the ALMA software. The main issues addressed in the study are possible missing lines in the model, line shapes, vertical profiles of atmospheric physical parameters and molecular abundances, seasonal and diurnal variations and collision induced absorption (CIA), to which this paper is devoted, in its N$_2$-N$_2$ + N$_2$-O$_2$ + O$_2$-O$_2$ (dry), and N$_2$-H$_2$O + O$_2$-H$_2$O (``foreign'' wet) mechanisms. All these CIA terms should remain unchanged in the above mentioned ALMA atmospheric model as a result of this work., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2024

2. Mastering disorder in a first-order transition by ion irradiation

Author

Cervera, S., LoBue, M., Fontana, E., Eddrief, M., Etgens, V. H., Lamour, E., Macé, S., Marangolo, M., Plouet, E., Prigent, C., Steydli, S., Vernhet, D., and Trassinelli, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The effect of ion bombardment on MnAs single crystalline thin films is studied. The role of elastic collisions between ions and atoms of the material is singled-out as the main process responsible for modifying the properties of the material. Thermal hysteresis suppression, and the loss of sharpness of the magneto-structural phase transition are studied as a function of different irradiation conditions. While the latter is shown to be associated with the ion induced disorder at the scale of the transition correlation length, the former is related to the coupling between disorder and the large-scale elastic field associated with the phase coexistence pattern.

Published
2023
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3. Modulating the phase transition temperature of giant magnetocaloric thin films by ion irradiation

Author

Cervera, S., Trassinelli, M, Marangolo, M, Carrétéro, C, Garcia, V, Hidki, S, Jacquet, E, Lamour, E, Lévy, A, Macé, S, Prigent, C, Rozet, J, Steydli, S, and Vernhet, D

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Magnetic refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect at room temperature is one of the most attractive alternative to the current gas compression/expansion method routinely employed. Nevertheless, in giant magnetocaloric materials, optimal refrigeration is restricted to the narrow temperature window of the phase transition (Tc). In this work, we present the possibility of varying this transition temperature into a same giant magnetocaloric material by ion irradiation. We demonstrate that the transition temperature of iron rhodium thin films can be tuned by the bombardment of ions of Ne 5+ with varying fluences up to 10 14 ions cm --2 , leading to optimal refrigeration over a large 270--380 K temperature window. The Tc modification is found to be due to the ion-induced disorder and to the density of new point-like defects. The variation of the phase transition temperature with the number of incident ions opens new perspectives in the conception of devices using giant magnetocaloric materials.

Published
2017
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4. Low energy Ne ion beam induced-modifications of magnetic properties in MnAs thin films

Author

Trassinelli, M, Carlsson, L Bernard, Cervera, S, Eddrief, M, Etgens, V, Gafton, V, Lacaze, E, Lamour, E, Lévy, M, Macé, S, Prigent, C., Rozet, J. -P., Steydli, S, Marangolo, M, and Vernhet, D

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Investigations of the complex behavior of the magnetization of manganese arsenide thin films due to defects induced by irradiation of slow heavy ions are presented. In addition to the thermal hysteresis suppression already highlighted in M. Trassinelli et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 081906 (2014), we report here on new local magnetic features recorded by a magnetic force microscope at different temperatures close to the characteristic sample phase transition. Complementary measurements of the global magnetization measurements in different conditions (applied magnetic field and temperatures) enable to complete the film characterization. The obtained results suggest that the ion bombardment produces regions where the local mechanical constraints are significantly different from the average, promoting the local presence of magneto-structural phases far from the equilibrium. These regions could be responsible for the thermal hysteresis suppression previously reported, irradiation-induced defects acting as seeds in the phase transition.

Published
2016
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5. Global wetland contribution to 2000-2012 atmospheric methane growth rate dynamics

Author

Poulter, B, Bousquet, P, Canadell, JG, Ciais, P, Peregon, A, Saunois, M, Arora, VK, Beerling, DJ, Brovkin, V, Jones, CD, Joos, F, Gedney, N, Ito, A, Kleinen, T, Koven, CD, McDonald, K, Melton, JR, Peng, C, Peng, S, Prigent, C, Schroeder, R, Riley, WJ, Saito, M, Spahni, R, Tian, H, Taylor, L, Viovy, N, Wilton, D, Wiltshire, A, Xu, X, Zhang, B, Zhang, Z, and Zhu, Q

Subjects
methanogenesis, wetlands, methane, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Increasing atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations have contributed to approximately 20% of anthropogenic climate change. Despite the importance of CH4 as a greenhouse gas, its atmospheric growth rate and dynamics over the past two decades, which include a stabilization period (1999-2006), followed by renewed growth starting in 2007, remain poorly understood. We provide an updated estimate of CH4 emissions from wetlands, the largest natural global CH4 source, for 2000-2012 using an ensemble of biogeochemical models constrained with remote sensing surface inundation and inventory-based wetland area data. Between 2000-2012, boreal wetland CH4 emissions increased by 1.2 Tg yr-1 (-0.2-3.5 Tg yr-1), tropical emissions decreased by 0.9 Tg yr-1 (-3.2-1.1 Tg yr-1), yet globally, emissions remained unchanged at 184 22 Tg yr-1. Changing air temperature was responsible for increasing high-latitude emissions whereas declines in low-latitude wetland area decreased tropical emissions; both dynamics are consistent with features of predicted centennial-scale climate change impacts on wetland CH4 emissions. Despite uncertainties in wetland area mapping, our study shows that global wetland CH4 emissions have not contributed significantly to the period of renewed atmospheric CH4 growth, and is consistent with findings from studies that indicate some combination of increasing fossil fuel and agriculture-related CH4 emissions, and a decrease in the atmospheric oxidative sink.

Published
2017

6. Hints on the origin of the thermal hysteresis suppression in giant magnetocaloric thin films irradiatied with highly charged ions

Author

Cervera, S, Trassinelli, M, Marangolo, M, Carlsson, L. Bernard, Eddrief, M, Etgens, Victor H., Gafton, V, Hidki, S, Lamour, E, Lévy, A, Macé, S, Prigent, C, Rozet, J. -P, Steydli, S, Zheng, Y, and Vernhet, D

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

In a recent experiment we demonstrated the possibility to suppress the thermal hysteresis of the phase transition in giant magnetocaloric MnAs thin film by interaction with slow highly charged ions (Ne 9+ at 90 keV) [1]. This phenomenon has a major impact for possible applications in magnetic refrigeration and thus its reproducibility and robustness are of prime importance. Here we present some new investigations about the origin and the nature of the irradiation-induced defects responsible for the thermal hysteresis suppression. Considering in particular two samples that receive different ion fluences (two order of magnitude of difference), we investigate the reliability of this process. The stability of the irradiation-induced defects with respect to a soft annealing is studied by X-ray diffraction and magnetometry measurements, which provide some new insights on the mechanisms involved.

Published
2015
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8. Mastering disorder in a first-order transition by ion irradiation

Author

Cervera, S., primary, LoBue, M., additional, Fontana, E., additional, Eddrief, M., additional, Etgens, V. H., additional, Lamour, E., additional, Macé, S., additional, Marangolo, M., additional, Plouet, E., additional, Prigent, C., additional, Steydli, S., additional, Vernhet, D., additional, and Trassinelli, M., additional

Published
2024
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9. The global methane budget 2000-2012

Author

Saunois, M, Bousquet, P, Poulter, B, Peregon, A, Ciais, P, Canadell, JG, Dlugokencky, EJ, Etiope, G, Bastviken, D, Houweling, S, Janssens-Maenhout, G, Tubiello, FN, Castaldi, S, Jackson, RB, Alexe, M, Arora, VK, Beerling, DJ, Bergamaschi, P, Blake, DR, Brailsford, G, Brovkin, V, Bruhwiler, L, Crevoisier, C, Crill, P, Covey, K, Curry, C, Frankenberg, C, Gedney, N, Höglund-Isaksson, L, Ishizawa, M, Ito, A, Joos, F, Kim, HS, Kleinen, T, Krummel, P, Lamarque, JF, Langenfelds, R, Locatelli, R, Machida, T, Maksyutov, S, McDonald, KC, Marshall, J, Melton, JR, Morino, I, Naik, V, O'Doherty, S, Parmentier, FJW, Patra, PK, Peng, C, Peng, S, Peters, GP, Pison, I, Prigent, C, Prinn, R, Ramonet, M, Riley, WJ, Saito, M, Santini, M, Schroeder, R, Simpson, IJ, Spahni, R, Steele, P, Takizawa, A, Thornton, BF, Tian, H, Tohjima, Y, Viovy, N, Voulgarakis, A, Van Weele, M, Van Der Werf, GR, Weiss, R, Wiedinmyer, C, Wilton, DJ, Wiltshire, A, Worthy, D, Wunch, D, Xu, X, Yoshida, Y, Zhang, B, Zhang, Z, and Zhu, Q

Subjects
Atmospheric Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience
Abstract

The global methane (CH4) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH4 are continuing to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular (g1/4 biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories and data-driven approaches (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). For the 2003-2012 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by top-down inversions at 558g Tgg CH4g yrg'1, range 540-568. About 60g % of global emissions are anthropogenic (range 50-65g %). Since 2010, the bottom-up global emission inventories have been closer to methane emissions in the most carbon-intensive Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP8.5) and higher than all other RCP scenarios. Bottom-up approaches suggest larger global emissions (736g Tgg CH4g yrg'1, range 596-884) mostly because of larger natural emissions from individual sources such as inland waters, natural wetlands and geological sources. Considering the atmospheric constraints on the top-down budget, it is likely that some of the individual emissions reported by the bottom-up approaches are overestimated, leading to too large global emissions. Latitudinal data from top-down emissions indicate a predominance of tropical emissions (g1/4 64g % of the global budget, http://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/GLOBAL-METHANE-BUDGET-2016-V1.1) and the Global Carbon Project.

Published
2016

10. Low intensity threshold values for keV X-ray production in laser-cluster interaction

Author

Prigent, C., Adoui, L., Lamour, E., Rozet, J. -P., Vernhet, D., Gobert, O., Meynadier, P., Normand, D., and Perdrix, M.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Absolute Ar XK (3 keV) and Xe XL (4 keV) photon yields are measured as a function of laser peak intensity, for large (104 - 105 atoms) argon and xenon clusters submitted to intense laser pulses. A clear threshold behavior is observed. The intensity threshold is found as low as 2 1014 Wcm-2, a value matching the production of singly-charged argon or doubly-charged xenon by optical field ionization. Possible mechanisms involved in the inner-shell ionization are discussed. The outcome on the optimization of keV X-ray production is underlined., Comment: 1 table, 4 figures. submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2005

11. Laser-cluster interaction: x-ray production by short laser pulses

Author

Deiss, C., Rohringer, N., Lamour, E., Prigent, C., Rozet, J. -P., Vernhet, D., and Burgdorfer, J.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters
Abstract

We investigate the heating of the quasi-free electrons in large rare gas clusters (N exceeding 10^5 atoms) by short laser pulses at moderate intensities (I~10^{15} Wcm^{-2}). We identify elastic large-angle backscattering of electrons at ionic cores in the presence of a laser field as an efficient heating mechanism resembling the Fermi shuttle. Its efficiency as well as the effect of collective electron motion, electron-impact ionization and cluster charging, are studied employing a mean-field classical transport simulation. Results for the absolute x-ray yields are in surprisingly good quantitative agreement with recent experimental results., Comment: 5 pages,4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2005
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15. Demographic, clinical, and service-use characteristics related to the clinician’s recommendation to transition from child to adult mental health services

Author

Gerritsen, S, van Bodegom, L, Dieleman, G, Overbeek, M, Verhulst, F, Wolke, D, Rizopoulos, D, Appleton, R, van Amelsvoort, T, Bodier Rethore, C, Bonnet-Brilhault, F, Charvin, I, Da Fonseca, D, Davidovic, N, Dodig-Curkovic, K, Ferrari, A, Fiori, F, Franic, T, Gatherer, C, de Girolamo, G, Heaney, N, Hendrickx, G, Jardri, R, Kolozsvari, A, Lida-Pulik, H, Lievesley, K, Madan, J, Mastroianni, M, Maurice, V, Mcnicholas, F, Nacinovich, R, Parenti, A, Paul, M, Purper-Ouakil, D, Rivolta, L, de Roeck, V, Russet, F, Saam, M, Sagar-Ouriaghli, I, Santosh, P, Sartor, A, Schulze, U, Scocco, P, Signorini, G, Singh, S, Singh, J, Speranza, M, Stagi, P, Stagni, P, Street, C, Tah, P, Tanase, E, Tremmery, S, Tuffrey, A, Tuomainen, H, Walker, L, Wilson, A, Maras, A, Adams, L, Allibrio, G, Armando, M, Aslan, S, Baccanelli, N, Balaudo, M, Bergamo, F, Bertani, A, Berriman, J, Boon, A, Braamse, K, Breuninger, U, Buttiglione, M, Buttle, S, Schandrin, A, Cammarano, M, Canaway, A, Cantini, F, Cappellari, C, Carenini, M, Carra, G, Ferrari, C, Chianura, K, Coleman, P, Colonna, A, Conese, P, Costanzo, R, Daffern, C, Danckaerts, M, de Giacomo, A, Ermans, J, Farmer, A, Fegert, J, Ferrari, S, Galea, G, Gatta, M, Gheza, E, Goglia, G, Grandetto, M, Griffin, J, Levi, F, Humbertclaude, V, Ingravallo, N, Invernizzi, R, Kelly, C, Killilea, M, Kirwan, J, Klockaerts, C, Kovac, V, Liew, A, Lippens, C, Macchi, F, Manenti, L, Margari, F, Margari, L, Martinelli, P, Mcfadden, L, Menghini, D, Miller, S, Monzani, E, Morini, G, Mutafov, T, O'Hara, L, Negrinotti, C, Nelis, E, Neri, F, Nikolova, P, Nossa, M, Cataldo, M, Noterdaeme, M, Operto, F, Panaro, V, Pastore, A, Pemmaraju, V, Pepermans, A, Petruzzelli, M, Presicci, A, Prigent, C, Rinaldi, F, Riva, E, Roekens, A, Rogers, B, Ronzini, P, Sakar, V, Salvetti, S, Martinelli, O, Sandhu, T, Schepker, R, Siviero, M, Slowik, M, Smyth, C, Conti, P, Spadone, M, Starace, F, Stoppa, P, Tansini, L, Toselli, C, Trabucchi, G, Tubito, M, van Dam, A, van Gutschoven, H, van West, D, Vanni, F, Vannicola, C, Varuzza, C, Varvara, P, Ventura, P, Vicari, S, Vicini, S, von Bentzel, C, Wells, P, Williams, B, Zabarella, M, Zamboni, A, Zanetti, E, Gerritsen S. E., van Bodegom L. S., Dieleman G. C., Overbeek M. M., Verhulst F. C., Wolke D., Rizopoulos D., Appleton R., van Amelsvoort T. A. M. J., Bodier Rethore C., Bonnet-Brilhault F., Charvin I., Da Fonseca D., Davidovic N., Dodig-Curkovic K., Ferrari A., Fiori F., Franic T., Gatherer C., de Girolamo G., Heaney N., Hendrickx G., Jardri R., Kolozsvari A., Lida-Pulik H., Lievesley K., Madan J., Mastroianni M., Maurice V., McNicholas F., Nacinovich R., Parenti A., Paul M., Purper-Ouakil D., Rivolta L., de Roeck V., Russet F., Saam M. C., Sagar-Ouriaghli I., Santosh P. J., Sartor A., Schulze U. M. E., Scocco P., Signorini G., Singh S. P., Singh J., Speranza M., Stagi P., Stagni P., Street C., Tah P., Tanase E., Tremmery S., Tuffrey A., Tuomainen H., Walker L., Wilson A., Maras A., Adams L., Allibrio G., Armando M., Aslan S., Baccanelli N., Balaudo M., Bergamo F., Bertani A., Berriman J., Boon A., Braamse K., Breuninger U., Buttiglione M., Buttle S., Schandrin A., Cammarano M., Canaway A., Cantini F., Cappellari C., Carenini M., Carra G., Ferrari C., Chianura K., Coleman P., Colonna A., Conese P., Costanzo R., Daffern C., Danckaerts M., de Giacomo A., Ermans J. -P., Farmer A., Fegert J. M., Ferrari S., Galea G., Gatta M., Gheza E., Goglia G., Grandetto M. R., Griffin J., Levi F. M., Humbertclaude V., Ingravallo N., Invernizzi R., Kelly C., Killilea M., Kirwan J., Klockaerts C., Kovac V., Liew A., Lippens C., Macchi F., Manenti L., Margari F., Margari L., Martinelli P., McFadden L., Menghini D., Miller S., Monzani E., Morini G., Mutafov T., O'Hara L., Negrinotti C., Nelis E., Neri F., Nikolova P., Nossa M., Cataldo M. G., Noterdaeme M., Operto F., Panaro V., Pastore A., Pemmaraju V., Pepermans A., Petruzzelli M. G., Presicci A., Prigent C., Rinaldi F., Riva E., Roekens A., Rogers B., Ronzini P., Sakar V., Salvetti S., Martinelli O., Sandhu T., Schepker R., Siviero M., Slowik M., Smyth C., Conti P., Spadone M. A., Starace F., Stoppa P., Tansini L., Toselli C., Trabucchi G., Tubito M., van Dam A., van Gutschoven H., van West D., Vanni F., Vannicola C., Varuzza C., Varvara P., Ventura P., Vicari S., Vicini S., von Bentzel C., Wells P., Williams B., Zabarella M., Zamboni A., Zanetti E., Gerritsen, S, van Bodegom, L, Dieleman, G, Overbeek, M, Verhulst, F, Wolke, D, Rizopoulos, D, Appleton, R, van Amelsvoort, T, Bodier Rethore, C, Bonnet-Brilhault, F, Charvin, I, Da Fonseca, D, Davidovic, N, Dodig-Curkovic, K, Ferrari, A, Fiori, F, Franic, T, Gatherer, C, de Girolamo, G, Heaney, N, Hendrickx, G, Jardri, R, Kolozsvari, A, Lida-Pulik, H, Lievesley, K, Madan, J, Mastroianni, M, Maurice, V, Mcnicholas, F, Nacinovich, R, Parenti, A, Paul, M, Purper-Ouakil, D, Rivolta, L, de Roeck, V, Russet, F, Saam, M, Sagar-Ouriaghli, I, Santosh, P, Sartor, A, Schulze, U, Scocco, P, Signorini, G, Singh, S, Singh, J, Speranza, M, Stagi, P, Stagni, P, Street, C, Tah, P, Tanase, E, Tremmery, S, Tuffrey, A, Tuomainen, H, Walker, L, Wilson, A, Maras, A, Adams, L, Allibrio, G, Armando, M, Aslan, S, Baccanelli, N, Balaudo, M, Bergamo, F, Bertani, A, Berriman, J, Boon, A, Braamse, K, Breuninger, U, Buttiglione, M, Buttle, S, Schandrin, A, Cammarano, M, Canaway, A, Cantini, F, Cappellari, C, Carenini, M, Carra, G, Ferrari, C, Chianura, K, Coleman, P, Colonna, A, Conese, P, Costanzo, R, Daffern, C, Danckaerts, M, de Giacomo, A, Ermans, J, Farmer, A, Fegert, J, Ferrari, S, Galea, G, Gatta, M, Gheza, E, Goglia, G, Grandetto, M, Griffin, J, Levi, F, Humbertclaude, V, Ingravallo, N, Invernizzi, R, Kelly, C, Killilea, M, Kirwan, J, Klockaerts, C, Kovac, V, Liew, A, Lippens, C, Macchi, F, Manenti, L, Margari, F, Margari, L, Martinelli, P, Mcfadden, L, Menghini, D, Miller, S, Monzani, E, Morini, G, Mutafov, T, O'Hara, L, Negrinotti, C, Nelis, E, Neri, F, Nikolova, P, Nossa, M, Cataldo, M, Noterdaeme, M, Operto, F, Panaro, V, Pastore, A, Pemmaraju, V, Pepermans, A, Petruzzelli, M, Presicci, A, Prigent, C, Rinaldi, F, Riva, E, Roekens, A, Rogers, B, Ronzini, P, Sakar, V, Salvetti, S, Martinelli, O, Sandhu, T, Schepker, R, Siviero, M, Slowik, M, Smyth, C, Conti, P, Spadone, M, Starace, F, Stoppa, P, Tansini, L, Toselli, C, Trabucchi, G, Tubito, M, van Dam, A, van Gutschoven, H, van West, D, Vanni, F, Vannicola, C, Varuzza, C, Varvara, P, Ventura, P, Vicari, S, Vicini, S, von Bentzel, C, Wells, P, Williams, B, Zabarella, M, Zamboni, A, Zanetti, E, Gerritsen S. E., van Bodegom L. S., Dieleman G. C., Overbeek M. M., Verhulst F. C., Wolke D., Rizopoulos D., Appleton R., van Amelsvoort T. A. M. J., Bodier Rethore C., Bonnet-Brilhault F., Charvin I., Da Fonseca D., Davidovic N., Dodig-Curkovic K., Ferrari A., Fiori F., Franic T., Gatherer C., de Girolamo G., Heaney N., Hendrickx G., Jardri R., Kolozsvari A., Lida-Pulik H., Lievesley K., Madan J., Mastroianni M., Maurice V., McNicholas F., Nacinovich R., Parenti A., Paul M., Purper-Ouakil D., Rivolta L., de Roeck V., Russet F., Saam M. C., Sagar-Ouriaghli I., Santosh P. J., Sartor A., Schulze U. M. E., Scocco P., Signorini G., Singh S. P., Singh J., Speranza M., Stagi P., Stagni P., Street C., Tah P., Tanase E., Tremmery S., Tuffrey A., Tuomainen H., Walker L., Wilson A., Maras A., Adams L., Allibrio G., Armando M., Aslan S., Baccanelli N., Balaudo M., Bergamo F., Bertani A., Berriman J., Boon A., Braamse K., Breuninger U., Buttiglione M., Buttle S., Schandrin A., Cammarano M., Canaway A., Cantini F., Cappellari C., Carenini M., Carra G., Ferrari C., Chianura K., Coleman P., Colonna A., Conese P., Costanzo R., Daffern C., Danckaerts M., de Giacomo A., Ermans J. -P., Farmer A., Fegert J. M., Ferrari S., Galea G., Gatta M., Gheza E., Goglia G., Grandetto M. R., Griffin J., Levi F. M., Humbertclaude V., Ingravallo N., Invernizzi R., Kelly C., Killilea M., Kirwan J., Klockaerts C., Kovac V., Liew A., Lippens C., Macchi F., Manenti L., Margari F., Margari L., Martinelli P., McFadden L., Menghini D., Miller S., Monzani E., Morini G., Mutafov T., O'Hara L., Negrinotti C., Nelis E., Neri F., Nikolova P., Nossa M., Cataldo M. G., Noterdaeme M., Operto F., Panaro V., Pastore A., Pemmaraju V., Pepermans A., Petruzzelli M. G., Presicci A., Prigent C., Rinaldi F., Riva E., Roekens A., Rogers B., Ronzini P., Sakar V., Salvetti S., Martinelli O., Sandhu T., Schepker R., Siviero M., Slowik M., Smyth C., Conti P., Spadone M. A., Starace F., Stoppa P., Tansini L., Toselli C., Trabucchi G., Tubito M., van Dam A., van Gutschoven H., van West D., Vanni F., Vannicola C., Varuzza C., Varvara P., Ventura P., Vicari S., Vicini S., von Bentzel C., Wells P., Williams B., Zabarella M., Zamboni A., and Zanetti E.

Abstract

Purpose: The service configuration with distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) may be a barrier to continuity of care. Because of a lack of transition policy, CAMHS clinicians have to decide whether and when a young person should transition to AMHS. This study describes which characteristics are associated with the clinicians’ advice to continue treatment at AMHS. Methods: Demographic, family, clinical, treatment, and service-use characteristics of the MILESTONE cohort of 763 young people from 39 CAMHS in Europe were assessed using multi-informant and standardized assessment tools. Logistic mixed models were fitted to assess the relationship between these characteristics and clinicians’ transition recommendations. Results: Young people with higher clinician-rated severity of psychopathology scores, with self- and parent-reported need for ongoing treatment, with lower everyday functional skills and without self-reported psychotic experiences were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment. Among those who had been recommended to continue treatment, young people who used psychotropic medication, who had been in CAMHS for more than a year, and for whom appropriate AMHS were available were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment at AMHS. Young people whose parents indicated a need for ongoing treatment were more likely to be recommended to stay in CAMHS. Conclusion: Although the decision regarding continuity of treatment was mostly determined by a small set of clinical characteristics, the recommendation to continue treatment at AMHS was mostly affected by service-use related characteristics, such as the availability of appropriate services.

Published
2022

21. Large Methane Emissions From the Pantanal During Rising Water‐Levels Revealed by Regularly Measured Lower Troposphere CH₄ Profiles

Author

Gloor, M, Gatti, LV, Wilson, C, Parker, RJ, Boesch, H, Popa, E, Chipperfield, MP, Poulter, B, Zhang, Z, Basso, L, Miller, J, McNorton, J, Jimenez, C, and Prigent, C

Abstract

The Pantanal region of Brazil is the largest seasonally flooded tropical grassland and, according to local chamber measurements, a substantial CH4 source. CH4 emissions from wetlands have recently become of heightened interest because global atmospheric 13CH4 data indicate they may contribute to the resumption of atmospheric CH4 growth since 2007. We have regularly measured vertical atmospheric profiles for 2 years in the center of the Pantanal with the objectives to obtain an estimate of CH4 emissions using an atmospheric approach, and provide information about flux seasonality and its relation to controlling factors. Boundary layer-free troposphere differences observed in the Pantanal are large compared to other wetlands. Total emissions based on a planetary boundary layer budgeting technique are 2.0–2.8 TgCH4 yr−1 (maximum flux ∼0.4 gCH4 m−2 d−1) while those based on a Bayesian inversion using an atmospheric transport model are ∼3.3 TgCH4 yr−1. Compared to recent estimates for Amazonia (∼41 ± 3 TgCH4 yr−1, maximum flux ∼0.3 gCH4 m−2 d−1) these emissions are not that large. Our Pantanal data suggest a clear flux seasonality with CH4 being released in large amounts just after water levels begin to rise again after minimum levels have been reached. CH4 emissions decline substantially once the maximum water level has been reached. While predictions with prognostic wetland CH4 emission models agree well with the magnitude of the fluxes, they disagree with the phasing. Our approach shows promise for detecting and understanding longer-term trends in CH4 emissions and the potential for future wetlands CH4 emissions climate feedbacks.

Published
2021

22. Large Methane Emissions From the Pantanal During Rising Water-Levels Revealed by Regularly Measured Lower Troposphere CH4 Profiles

Author

Gloor, M., Gatti, L. V., Wilson, C., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., Popa, E., Chipperfield, M. P., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Basso, L., Miller, J., McNorton, J., Jimenez, C., Prigent, C., Afd Marine and Atmospheric Research, Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Marine and Atmospheric Research, and Nanophotonics

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Atmospheric Science, seasonally flooded savannah, Environmental Science(all), Taverne, climate feedback, Environmental Chemistry, Pantanal, atmospheric methane, wetlands
Abstract

The Pantanal region of Brazil is the largest seasonally flooded tropical grassland and, according to local chamber measurements, a substantial CH4 source. CH4 emissions from wetlands have recently become of heightened interest because global atmospheric 13CH4 data indicate they may contribute to the resumption of atmospheric CH4 growth since 2007. We have regularly measured vertical atmospheric profiles for 2 years in the center of the Pantanal with the objectives to obtain an estimate of CH4 emissions using an atmospheric approach, and provide information about flux seasonality and its relation to controlling factors. Boundary layer-free troposphere differences observed in the Pantanal are large compared to other wetlands. Total emissions based on a planetary boundary layer budgeting technique are 2.0–2.8 TgCH4 yr−1 (maximum flux ∼0.4 gCH4 m−2 d−1) while those based on a Bayesian inversion using an atmospheric transport model are ∼3.3 TgCH4 yr−1. Compared to recent estimates for Amazonia (∼41 ± 3 TgCH4 yr−1, maximum flux ∼0.3 gCH4 m−2 d−1) these emissions are not that large. Our Pantanal data suggest a clear flux seasonality with CH4 being released in large amounts just after water levels begin to rise again after minimum levels have been reached. CH4 emissions decline substantially once the maximum water level has been reached. While predictions with prognostic wetland CH4 emission models agree well with the magnitude of the fluxes, they disagree with the phasing. Our approach shows promise for detecting and understanding longer-term trends in CH4 emissions and the potential for future wetlands CH4 emissions climate feedbacks.

Published
2021

24. Large Methane Emissions From the Pantanal During Rising Water‐Levels Revealed by Regularly Measured Lower Troposphere CH 4 Profiles

Author

Gloor, M., primary, Gatti, L. V., additional, Wilson, C., additional, Parker, R. J., additional, Boesch, H., additional, Popa, E., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Zhang, Z., additional, Basso, L., additional, Miller, J., additional, McNorton, J., additional, Jimenez, C., additional, and Prigent, C., additional

Published
2021
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25. Backscattering Signatures at Ku Band Over Africa from Jason-3 and Swim

Author

Frappart, F., primary, Blarel, F., additional, Aoulad, Z., additional, Prigent, C., additional, Mougin, E., additional, Papa, F., additional, Paillou, P., additional, Zribi, M., additional, Normandin, C., additional, Zeiger, P., additional, Darrozes, J., additional, Bourrel, L., additional, Moisy, C., additional, and Wigneron, J-P., additional

Published
2021
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26. Large Methane Emissions From the Pantanal During Rising Water-Levels Revealed by Regularly Measured Lower Troposphere CH4 Profiles

Author

Afd Marine and Atmospheric Research, Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Nanophotonics, Gloor, M., Gatti, L. V., Wilson, C., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., Popa, E., Chipperfield, M. P., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Basso, L., Miller, J., McNorton, J., Jimenez, C., Prigent, C., Afd Marine and Atmospheric Research, Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Nanophotonics, Gloor, M., Gatti, L. V., Wilson, C., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., Popa, E., Chipperfield, M. P., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Basso, L., Miller, J., McNorton, J., Jimenez, C., and Prigent, C.

Published
2021

27. An EMT-primary cilium-GLIS2 signaling axis regulates mammogenesis and claudin-low breast tumorigenesis

Author

Wilson, MM, Callens, C, Le Gallo, M, Mironov, S, Ding, Q, Salamagnon, A, Chavarria, TE, Viel, R, Peasah, AD, Bhutkar, A, Martin, S, Godey, F, Tas, P, Kang, HS, Juin, PP, Jetten, AM, Visvader, JE, Weinberg, RA, Attanasio, M, Prigent, C, Lees, JA, Guen, VJ, Wilson, MM, Callens, C, Le Gallo, M, Mironov, S, Ding, Q, Salamagnon, A, Chavarria, TE, Viel, R, Peasah, AD, Bhutkar, A, Martin, S, Godey, F, Tas, P, Kang, HS, Juin, PP, Jetten, AM, Visvader, JE, Weinberg, RA, Attanasio, M, Prigent, C, Lees, JA, and Guen, VJ

Abstract

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and primary ciliogenesis induce stem cell properties in basal mammary stem cells (MaSCs) to promote mammogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that EMT transcription factors promote ciliogenesis upon entry into intermediate EMT states by activating ciliogenesis inducers, including FGFR1. The resulting primary cilia promote ubiquitination and inactivation of a transcriptional repressor, GLIS2, which localizes to the ciliary base. We show that GLIS2 inactivation promotes MaSC stemness, and GLIS2 is required for normal mammary gland development. Moreover, GLIS2 inactivation is required to induce the proliferative and tumorigenic capacities of the mammary tumor–initiating cells (MaTICs) of claudin-low breast cancers. Claudin-low breast tumors can be segregated from other breast tumor subtypes based on a GLIS2-dependent gene expression signature. Collectively, our findings establish molecular mechanisms by which EMT programs induce ciliogenesis to control MaSC and MaTIC stemness, mammary gland development, and claudin-low breast cancer formation.

Published
2021

28. Surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles produced by laser ablation in pure and saline water

Author

Lévy, A. (Anna), De Anda Villa, M. (Manuel), Laurens, G. (Gaétan), Blanchet, V. (Valérie), Bozek, J. (John), Gaudin, J. (Jérȏme), Lamour, E. (Emily), Macé, S. (Stéphane), Mignon, P. (Pierre), Milosavljević, A. R. (Aleksandar R.), Nicolas, C. (Christophe), Patanen, M. (Minna), Prigent, C. (Christophe), Robert, E. (Emmanuel), Steydli, S. (Sébastien), Trassinelli, M. (Martino), Vernhet, D. (Dominique), Veteläinen, O. (Onni), Amans, D. (David), Lévy, A. (Anna), De Anda Villa, M. (Manuel), Laurens, G. (Gaétan), Blanchet, V. (Valérie), Bozek, J. (John), Gaudin, J. (Jérȏme), Lamour, E. (Emily), Macé, S. (Stéphane), Mignon, P. (Pierre), Milosavljević, A. R. (Aleksandar R.), Nicolas, C. (Christophe), Patanen, M. (Minna), Prigent, C. (Christophe), Robert, E. (Emmanuel), Steydli, S. (Sébastien), Trassinelli, M. (Martino), Vernhet, D. (Dominique), Veteläinen, O. (Onni), and Amans, D. (David)

Abstract

Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is a powerful method for producing nanoparticle colloids with a long-term stability despite the absence of stabilizing organic agents. The colloid stability involves different reactivities and chemical equilibria with complex ionic-specific effects at the nanoparticle/solvent interface which must be strongly influenced by their chemical composition. In this work, the surface composition of PLAL-produced gold nanoparticles in alkaline and saline (NaBr) water is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on free-flying nanoparticles, exempt from any substrate or radiation damage artifact. The Au 4f photoelectron spectra with a depth profiling investigation are used to evaluate the degree of nanoparticle surface oxidation. In alkaline water, the results preclude any surface oxidation contrary to the case of nanoparticles produced in NaBr solution. In addition, the analysis of Br 3d core-level photoelectron spectra agrees with a clear signature of Br on the nanoparticle surface, which is confirmed by a specific valence band feature. This experimental study is supported by DFT calculations, evaluating the energy balance of halide adsorption on different configurations of gold surfaces including oxidation or adsorbed salts.

Published
2021

32. Land use/cover change detection with geospatial technologies

Author

Aires, F., Venot, Jean-Philippe, Massuel, Sylvain, Gratiot, Nicolas, Pham-Duc, B., Prigent, C., Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, and Lim, S. (ed.)

Subjects
satellite remote sensing, Science, hydrology, water control, CAMBODGE, wetlands/inundation, VIET NAM, Vietnam, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, trend analysis, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Cambodia
Abstract

Studying the spatial and temporal distribution of surface water resources is critical, especially in highly populated areas and in regions under climate change pressure. There is an increasing number of satellite Earth observations that can provide information to monitor surface water at global scale. However, mapping surface waters at local and regional scales is still a challenge for numerous reasons (insufficient spatial resolution, vegetation or cloud opacity, limited time-frequency or time-record, information content of the instrument, lack in global retrieval method, interpretability of results, etc.). In this paper, we use 17 years of the MODIS (MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer) observations at a 8-day resolution. This satellite dataset is combined with ground expertise to analyse the evolution of surface waters at the Cambodia/Vietnam border in the Upper Mekong Delta. The trends and evolution of surface waters are very significant and contrasted, illustrating the impact of agriculture practices and dykes construction. In most of the study area in Cambodia. surface water areas show a decreasing trend but with a strong inter-annual variability. In specific areas, an increase of the wet surfaces is even observed. Ground expertise and historical knowledge of the development of the territory enable to link the decrease to ongoing excavation of drainage canals and the increase of deforestation and land reclamation, exposing flooded surfaces previously hidden by vegetation cover. By contrast, in Vietnam, the decreasing trend in wet surfaces is very clear and can be explained by the development of dykes dating back to the 1990s with an acceleration in the late 2000s as part of a national strategy of agriculture intensification. This study shows that coupling satellite data with ground-expertise allows to monitor surface waters at mesoscale (

Published
2020
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34. The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017

Author

Saunois, M., Stavert, A.R., Poulter, B., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J.G., Jackson, R.B., Raymond, P.A., Dlugokencky, E.J., Houweling, S., Patra, Prabir K., Ciais, P., Arora, V.K., Bastviken, D., Bergamaschi, P., Blake, D.R., Brailsford, G., Bruhwiler, L., Carlson, K.M., Carrol, M., Castaldi, S., Chandra, N., Crevoisier, C., Crill, P.M., Covey, K., Curry, C.L., Etiope, G., Frankenberg, C., Gedney, N., Hegglin, M.I., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Hugelius, G., Ishizawa, M., Ito, A., Janssens-Maenhout, G.reet, Jensen, K.M., Joos, F., Kleinen, T., Krummel, P.B., Langenfelds, R.L., Laruelle, G.G., Liu, L., Machida, T., Maksyutov, S., McDonald, K.C., McNorton, J., Miller, P.A., Melton, J.R., Morino, I., Müller, J., Murguia-Flores, F., Naik, V., Niwa, Y., Noce, S., O'Doherty, S., Parker, R.J., Peng, C., Peng, S., Peters, G.P., Prigent, C., Prinn, R., Ramonet, M., Regnier, P., Riley, W.J., Rosentreter, J.A., Segers, A., Simpson, I.J., Shi, H., Smith, S.J., Steele, L. P., Thornton, B.F., Tian, H., Tohjima, Y., Tubiello, F.N., Tsuruta, A., Viovy, N., Voulgarakis, A., Weber, T.S., van Weele, M., van der Werf, G.R., Weiss, R.F., Worthy, D., Wunch, D., Yin, Y., Yoshida, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zheng, B., Zhu, Q., Zhuang, Q., Saunois, M., Stavert, A.R., Poulter, B., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J.G., Jackson, R.B., Raymond, P.A., Dlugokencky, E.J., Houweling, S., Patra, Prabir K., Ciais, P., Arora, V.K., Bastviken, D., Bergamaschi, P., Blake, D.R., Brailsford, G., Bruhwiler, L., Carlson, K.M., Carrol, M., Castaldi, S., Chandra, N., Crevoisier, C., Crill, P.M., Covey, K., Curry, C.L., Etiope, G., Frankenberg, C., Gedney, N., Hegglin, M.I., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Hugelius, G., Ishizawa, M., Ito, A., Janssens-Maenhout, G.reet, Jensen, K.M., Joos, F., Kleinen, T., Krummel, P.B., Langenfelds, R.L., Laruelle, G.G., Liu, L., Machida, T., Maksyutov, S., McDonald, K.C., McNorton, J., Miller, P.A., Melton, J.R., Morino, I., Müller, J., Murguia-Flores, F., Naik, V., Niwa, Y., Noce, S., O'Doherty, S., Parker, R.J., Peng, C., Peng, S., Peters, G.P., Prigent, C., Prinn, R., Ramonet, M., Regnier, P., Riley, W.J., Rosentreter, J.A., Segers, A., Simpson, I.J., Shi, H., Smith, S.J., Steele, L. P., Thornton, B.F., Tian, H., Tohjima, Y., Tubiello, F.N., Tsuruta, A., Viovy, N., Voulgarakis, A., Weber, T.S., van Weele, M., van der Werf, G.R., Weiss, R.F., Worthy, D., Wunch, D., Yin, Y., Yoshida, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zheng, B., Zhu, Q., and Zhuang, Q.

Abstract

Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. Atmospheric emissions and concentrations of CH4 continue to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing, after carbon dioxide (CO2). The relative importance of CH4 compared to CO2 depends on its shorter atmospheric lifetime, stronger warming potential, and variations in atmospheric growth rate over the past decade, the causes of which are still debated. Two major challenges in reducing uncertainties in the atmospheric growth rate arise from the variety of geographically overlapping CH4 sources and from the destruction of CH4 by short-lived hydroxyl radicals (OH). To address these challenges, we have established a consortium of multidisciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate new research aimed at improving and regularly updating the global methane budget. Following Saunois et al. (2016), we present here the second version of the living review paper dedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-down studies (atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up estimates (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations). For the 2008–2017 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by atmospheric inversions (a top-down approach) to be 576 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range 550–594, corresponding to the minimum and maximum estimates of the model ensemble). Of this total, 359 Tg CH4 yr−1 or ∼ 60 % is attributed to anthropogenic sources, that is emissions caused by direct human activity (i.e. anthropogenic emissions; range 336–376 Tg CH4 yr−1 or 50 %–65 %). The mean annual total emission for the new decade (2008–2017) is 29 Tg CH4 yr−1 larger than our estimat

Published
2020

35. Contribution of anthropogenic and natural sources to atmospheric methane variability

Author

Bousquet, P., Ciais, P., Miller, J. B., Dlugokencky, E. J., Hauglustaine, D. A., Prigent, C., Van der Werf, G. R., Peylin, P., Brunke, E.-G., Carouge, C., Langenfelds, R. L., Lathiere, J., Papa, F., Ramonet, M., Schmidt, M., Steele, L. P., Tyler, S. C., and White, J.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): P. Bousquet (corresponding author) [1, 2]; P. Ciais [1]; J. B. Miller [3, 4]; E. J. Dlugokencky [3]; D. A. Hauglustaine [1]; C. Prigent [5]; G. R. Van der [...]

Published
2006
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38. The low energy beamline of the FISIC experiment: current status of construction and performance

Author

Schury, D, primary, Méry, A, additional, Ramillon, J M, additional, Adoui, L, additional, Chesnel, J-Y, additional, Lévy, A, additional, Macé, S, additional, Prigent, C, additional, Rangama, J, additional, Rousseau, P, additional, Steydli, S, additional, Trassinelli, M, additional, Vernhet, D, additional, Gumberidze, A, additional, Stöhlker, Th, additional, Bräuning-Demian, A, additional, Hahn, C, additional, Spillmann, U, additional, and Lamour, E, additional

Published
2020
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39. Ultrafast laser induced structural dynamics probed by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

Author

Villa, M de Anda, primary, Lévy, A, additional, Gaudin, J, additional, Bouillaud, R, additional, Descamps, D, additional, Dorado, B, additional, Fedorov, N, additional, Grisenti, R, additional, Hatifi, M, additional, Jouin, H, additional, Lamour, E, additional, Macé, S, additional, Martin, P, additional, Petit, S, additional, Prigent, C, additional, Sobierajski, R, additional, Steydli, S, additional, Trassinelli, M, additional, Wawro, A, additional, and Vernhet, D, additional

Published
2020
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40. Surface chemistry of colloidal surfactant-free gold nanoparticles generated by laser ablation

Author

Lévy, A, primary, De Anda Villa, M, additional, Gaudin, J, additional, Amans, D, additional, Blanchet, V, additional, Boudjada, F, additional, Bozek, J D, additional, Grisenti, R E, additional, Lamour, E, additional, Laurens, G, additional, Macé, S, additional, Milosavljević, A R, additional, Nicolas, C, additional, Papagiannouli, I, additional, Patanen, M, additional, Prigent, C, additional, Robert, E, additional, Steydli, S, additional, Trassinelli, M, additional, and Vernhet, D, additional

Published
2020
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41. Changes in Land Surface Water Dynamics since the 1990s and Relation to Population Pressure

Author

Prigent, C, Papa, F, Aires, F, Jimenez, C, Rossow, W. B, and Matthews, E

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

We developed a remote sensing approach based on multi-satellite observations, which provides an unprecedented estimate of monthly distribution and area of land-surface open water over the whole globe. Results for 1993 to 2007 exhibit a large seasonal and inter-annual variability of the inundation extent with an overall decline in global average maximum inundated area of 6% during the fifteen-year period, primarily in tropical and subtropical South America and South Asia. The largest declines of open water are found where large increases in population have occurred over the last two decades, suggesting a global scale effect of human activities on continental surface freshwater: denser population can impact local hydrology by reducing freshwater extent, by draining marshes and wetlands, and by increasing water withdrawals. Citation: Prigent, C., F. Papa, F. Aires, C. Jimenez, W. B. Rossow, and E. Matthews (2012), Changes in land surface water dynamics since the 1990s and relation to population pressure, in section 4, insisting on the potential applications of the wetland dataset.

Published
2012
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43. Global Intercomparison of 12 Land Surface Heat Flux Estimates

Author

Jimenez, C, Prigent, C, Mueller, B, Seneviratne, S. I, McCabe, M. F, Wood, E. F, Rossow, W. B, Balsamo, G, Betts, A. K, Dirmeyer, P. A, Fisher, J. B, Jung, M, Kanamitsu, M, Reichle, R. H, Reichstein, M, Rodell, M, Sheffield, J, Tu, K, and Wang, K

Subjects
Geophysics
Abstract

A global intercomparison of 12 monthly mean land surface heat flux products for the period 1993-1995 is presented. The intercomparison includes some of the first emerging global satellite-based products (developed at Paris Observatory, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, and Princeton University) and examples of fluxes produced by reanalyses (ERA-Interim, MERRA, NCEP-DOE) and off-line land surface models (GSWP-2, GLDAS CLM/ Mosaic/Noah). An intercomparison of the global latent heat flux (Q(sub le)) annual means shows a spread of approx 20 W/sq m (all-product global average of approx 45 W/sq m). A similar spread is observed for the sensible (Q(sub h)) and net radiative (R(sub n)) fluxes. In general, the products correlate well with each other, helped by the large seasonal variability and common forcing data for some of the products. Expected spatial distributions related to the major climatic regimes and geographical features are reproduced by all products. Nevertheless, large Q(sub le)and Q(sub h) absolute differences are also observed. The fluxes were spatially averaged for 10 vegetation classes. The larger Q(sub le) differences were observed for the rain forest but, when normalized by mean fluxes, the differences were comparable to other classes. In general, the correlations between Q(sub le) and R(sub n) were higher for the satellite-based products compared with the reanalyses and off-line models. The fluxes were also averaged for 10 selected basins. The seasonality was generally well captured by all products, but large differences in the flux partitioning were observed for some products and basins.

Published
2011
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44. Development of an intravaginal ring for the topical delivery of Aurora kinase A inhibitor, MLN8237.

Author

Prigent, C, Tayyar, Y, Shiels, R, Bulmer, AC, Lam, AK, Clarke, D, Idris, A, McMillan, NA, Prigent, C, Tayyar, Y, Shiels, R, Bulmer, AC, Lam, AK, Clarke, D, Idris, A, and McMillan, NA

Abstract

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main culprit in cervical cancers. Although the HPV vaccine is now available, the slow and gradual process for HPV cancers to form means little will change, even for vaccinated individuals. This warrants the development of new therapeutic strategies in both the newly diagnosed and recurrent patients. We have previously shown that Alisertib (MLN8237), an Aurora A kinase inhibitor, potently and selectively kills HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. However, Alisertib is known for its unfavorable side effects when administered systemically. A targeted delivery approach is therefore warranted. The topical delivery of drugs to the cervix for the treatment of cervical cancer is an underexplored area of research that has the potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcome. Here, we design a novel topical drug delivery system for localized delivery in the vaginal tract using intravaginal silicone rings loaded with Alisertib. We assessed the suitability of the drug for the application and delivery method and develop a high-performance liquid chromatography method, then show that the vaginal rings were effective at releasing Alisertib over an extended period of time. Furthermore, we showed that Alisertib-loaded vaginal rings did not induce overt inflammation in the mouse vaginal tract. Our work has major translational implications for the future development of vaginal ring devices for the topical treatment of cervical cancer.

Published
2019

45. Assessing the surface oxidation state of free-standing gold nanoparticles produced by laser ablation

Author

De Anda Villa, M. (Manuel), Gaudin, J. (Jérôme), Amans, D. (David), Boudjada, F. (Fahima), Bozek, J. (John), Evaristo Grisenti, R. (Robert), Lamour, E. (Emily), Laurens, G. (Gaétan), Macé, S. (Stéphane), Nicolas, C. (Christophe), Papagiannouli, I. (Irene), Patanen, M. (Minna), Prigent, C. (Christophe), Robert, E. (Emmanuel), Steydli, S. (Sébastien), Trassinelli, M. (Martino), Vernhet, D. (Dominique), Lévy, A. (Anna), De Anda Villa, M. (Manuel), Gaudin, J. (Jérôme), Amans, D. (David), Boudjada, F. (Fahima), Bozek, J. (John), Evaristo Grisenti, R. (Robert), Lamour, E. (Emily), Laurens, G. (Gaétan), Macé, S. (Stéphane), Nicolas, C. (Christophe), Papagiannouli, I. (Irene), Patanen, M. (Minna), Prigent, C. (Christophe), Robert, E. (Emmanuel), Steydli, S. (Sébastien), Trassinelli, M. (Martino), Vernhet, D. (Dominique), and Lévy, A. (Anna)

Abstract

The surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles produced by the pulsed laser ablation in liquids method is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The presence of surface oxide expected on these systems is investigated using synchrotron radiation in conditions close to their original state in solvent but free from substrate or solvent effects which could affect the interpretation of spectroscopic observations. For that purpose we performed the experiment on a controlled free-standing nanoparticle beam produced by combination of an atomizer and an aerodynamic lens system. These results are compared with those obtained by the standard situation of deposited nanoparticles on silicon substrate. An accurate analysis based on Bayesian statistics concludes that the existence of oxide in the free-standing conditions cannot be solely confirmed by the recorded core-level 4f spectra. If present, our data indicate an upper limit of 2.15 ± 0.68% of oxide. However, a higher credence to the hypothesis of its existence is brought by the structureless valence profile of the free-standing beam. Moreover, the cross-comparison with the deposited nanoparticles case clearly evidences an important misleading substrate effect. Experiment with free-standing nanoparticles is then demonstrated to be the right way to further investigate oxidation states on Au nanoparticles.

Published
2019

46. Atmospheric gas absorption knowledge in the submillimeter: Modeling, field measurements, and uncertainty quantification

Author

European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, Department of Energy (US), Swedish National Space Agency, Mattioli, V., Accadia, C., Prigent, C., Crewell, S., Geer, A., Eriksson, P., Fox, S., Pardo Carrión, Juan Ramón, Mlawer, E. J., Cadeddu, M., Bremer, M., de Breuck, C., Smette, A., Cimini, D., Turner, E., Mech, M., Marzano, F. S., Brunel, P., Vidot, J., Bennartz, R., Wehr, T., Di Michele, S., John, V. O., European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, Department of Energy (US), Swedish National Space Agency, Mattioli, V., Accadia, C., Prigent, C., Crewell, S., Geer, A., Eriksson, P., Fox, S., Pardo Carrión, Juan Ramón, Mlawer, E. J., Cadeddu, M., Bremer, M., de Breuck, C., Smette, A., Cimini, D., Turner, E., Mech, M., Marzano, F. S., Brunel, P., Vidot, J., Bennartz, R., Wehr, T., Di Michele, S., and John, V. O.

Abstract

descripción no proporcionada por scopus

Published
2019

47. Large Methane Emissions From the Pantanal During Rising Water‐Levels Revealed by Regularly Measured Lower Troposphere CH4 Profiles.

Author

Gloor, M., Gatti, L. V., Wilson, C., Parker, R. J., Boesch, H., Popa, E., Chipperfield, M. P., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Basso, L., Miller, J., McNorton, J., Jimenez, C., and Prigent, C.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC boundary layer, SWAMPS, CLIMATE feedbacks, TROPOSPHERE, ATMOSPHERIC transport, GRASSLANDS
Abstract

The Pantanal region of Brazil is the largest seasonally flooded tropical grassland and, according to local chamber measurements, a substantial CH4 source. CH4 emissions from wetlands have recently become of heightened interest because global atmospheric 13CH4 data indicate they may contribute to the resumption of atmospheric CH4 growth since 2007. We have regularly measured vertical atmospheric profiles for 2 years in the center of the Pantanal with the objectives to obtain an estimate of CH4 emissions using an atmospheric approach, and provide information about flux seasonality and its relation to controlling factors. Boundary layer‐free troposphere differences observed in the Pantanal are large compared to other wetlands. Total emissions based on a planetary boundary layer budgeting technique are 2.0–2.8 TgCH4 yr−1 (maximum flux ∼0.4 gCH4 m−2 d−1) while those based on a Bayesian inversion using an atmospheric transport model are ∼3.3 TgCH4 yr−1. Compared to recent estimates for Amazonia (∼41 ± 3 TgCH4 yr−1, maximum flux ∼0.3 gCH4 m−2 d−1) these emissions are not that large. Our Pantanal data suggest a clear flux seasonality with CH4 being released in large amounts just after water levels begin to rise again after minimum levels have been reached. CH4 emissions decline substantially once the maximum water level has been reached. While predictions with prognostic wetland CH4 emission models agree well with the magnitude of the fluxes, they disagree with the phasing. Our approach shows promise for detecting and understanding longer‐term trends in CH4 emissions and the potential for future wetlands CH4 emissions climate feedbacks. Plain Language Summary: CH4 emissions contribute substantially to greenhouse warming and atmospheric concentrations continue to grow rapidly. Increases in emissions from wetlands may contribute. We have measured regularly vertical CH4 concentration profiles over the Pantanal, the largest tropical seasonally flooded grasslands, to provide an estimate of these emissions and to determine seasonal cycle. Our estimates are similar to earlier estimates based on direct flux measurements on the ground. Fluxes vary strongly seasonally. They are largest during the rise of water levels and decrease before maximum levels have been reached. Our data show that longer‐term vertical profile measurements could provide an answer whether wetland emissions are changing. Key Points: Large CH4 boundary layer‐free troposphere differences over Pantanal wetlands revealed by vertical atmospheric CH4 profile dataAccording to atmospheric data, CH4 flux is large during the early expansion phase of the inundated area and weakens at peak extentPrognostic global wetlands CH4 emission models have limited skill regarding seasonality of Pantanal emissions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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48. Neural network uncertainty assessment using Bayesian statistics: a remote sensing application

Author

Aires, F, Prigent, C, and Rossow, W. B

Subjects
Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence And Robotics
Abstract

Neural network (NN) techniques have proved successful for many regression problems, in particular for remote sensing; however, uncertainty estimates are rarely provided. In this article, a Bayesian technique to evaluate uncertainties of the NN parameters (i.e., synaptic weights) is first presented. In contrast to more traditional approaches based on point estimation of the NN weights, we assess uncertainties on such estimates to monitor the robustness of the NN model. These theoretical developments are illustrated by applying them to the problem of retrieving surface skin temperature, microwave surface emissivities, and integrated water vapor content from a combined analysis of satellite microwave and infrared observations over land. The weight uncertainty estimates are then used to compute analytically the uncertainties in the network outputs (i.e., error bars and correlation structure of these errors). Such quantities are very important for evaluating any application of an NN model. The uncertainties on the NN Jacobians are then considered in the third part of this article. Used for regression fitting, NN models can be used effectively to represent highly nonlinear, multivariate functions. In this situation, most emphasis is put on estimating the output errors, but almost no attention has been given to errors associated with the internal structure of the regression model. The complex structure of dependency inside the NN is the essence of the model, and assessing its quality, coherency, and physical character makes all the difference between a blackbox model with small output errors and a reliable, robust, and physically coherent model. Such dependency structures are described to the first order by the NN Jacobians: they indicate the sensitivity of one output with respect to the inputs of the model for given input data. We use a Monte Carlo integration procedure to estimate the robustness of the NN Jacobians. A regularization strategy based on principal component analysis is proposed to suppress the multicollinearities in order to make these Jacobians robust and physically meaningful.

Published
2004
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50. A New Neural Network Approach Including First-Guess for Retrieval of Atmospheric Water Vapor, Cloud Liquid Water Path, Surface Temperature and Emissivities Over Land From Satellite Microwave Observations

Author

Aires, F, Prigent, C, Rossow, W. B, Rothstein, M, and Hansen, James E

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

The analysis of microwave observations over land to determine atmospheric and surface parameters is still limited due to the complexity of the inverse problem. Neural network techniques have already proved successful as the basis of efficient retrieval methods for non-linear cases, however, first-guess estimates, which are used in variational methods to avoid problems of solution non-uniqueness or other forms of solution irregularity, have up to now not been used with neural network methods. In this study, a neural network approach is developed that uses a first-guess. Conceptual bridges are established between the neural network and variational methods. The new neural method retrieves the surface skin temperature, the integrated water vapor content, the cloud liquid water path and the microwave surface emissivities between 19 and 85 GHz over land from SSM/I observations. The retrieval, in parallel, of all these quantities improves the results for consistency reasons. A data base to train the neural network is calculated with a radiative transfer model and a a global collection of coincident surface and atmospheric parameters extracted from the National Center for Environmental Prediction reanalysis, from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project data and from microwave emissivity atlases previously calculated. The results of the neural network inversion are very encouraging. The r.m.s. error of the surface temperature retrieval over the globe is 1.3 K in clear sky conditions and 1.6 K in cloudy scenes. Water vapor is retrieved with a r.m.s. error of 3.8 kg/sq m in clear conditions and 4.9 kg/sq m in cloudy situations. The r.m.s. error in cloud liquid water path is 0.08 kg/sq m . The surface emissivities are retrieved with an accuracy of better than 0.008 in clear conditions and 0.010 in cloudy conditions. Microwave land surface temperature retrieval presents a very attractive complement to the infrared estimates in cloudy areas: time record of land surface temperature will be produced.

Published
2000

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