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Introduction: Studies indicate that excessive screen time (ST) can reduce the levels of physical activity of the child and youth population and such a reduction can contribute to overweight. However, little is known if other screen habits (SH) can be predictors of this condition. Objective: To assess whether excess weight is associated with SH in elementary school students of both sexes residing in the city of Itaquaquecetuba-SP. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 317 students (male: n=174) aged between 10 and 16 years. The body mass index (BMI) was used to classify the nutritional status and SH were verified using a previously structured questionnaire. Results: A high daily ST was evidenced, especially in female students (p<0.01) and a prevalence of excess weight in more than 25% of students of both sexes. The use of video games was significantly higher among males (p<0.01) and the SH of communication was more present among female students (p<0.01). None of the investigated SH variables was a predictor of excess weight in students of both sexes (p>0.05). Conclusion: There are significant differences in the SH of students of both sexes, but there was no evidence of a significant association between these variables and excess weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose. The study aim was to verify if there were associations between performance-related physical fitness levels and the clustered cardiometabolic risk score among children and adolescents. Methods. The cross-sectional study involved 1200 (655 females) children and adolescents aged 7–17 years. Performance related physical fitness levels (upper limb strength [ULS], lower limb strength [LLS], agility, speed, and cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF]) were evaluated and categorized as healthy or unhealthy levels. Waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, and blood lipoprotein (triglycerides, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) were measured. The clustered cardiometabolic risk score constituted the sum of internationally-derived standardized values (z-scores) for each risk factor divided by 5. Associations between performance-related physical fitness levels and the clustered cardiometabolic risk score were determined with linear regression models. Results. Participants with healthy ULS levels exhibited a less favourable clustered cardiometabolic risk score, whereas healthy levels of LLS, agility (only in girls), and CRF (only in boys) were related with a more favourable clustered cardiometabolic risk score. ULS (β: –0.091 [95% CI: –0.120; –0.062]), LLS (β: –0.272 [95% CI: –0.368; –0.177]), and CRF (β: –0.218 [95% CI: –0.324; –0.112]) were inversely associated with the clustered cardiometabolic risk score, while agility (β: 0.112 [95% CI: 0.082; 0.142]) and speed ( : 0.079 [95% CI: 0.039; 0.119]) demonstrated a positive association with the clustered cardiometabolic risk score. Conclusions. Our results emphasize the importance of following moderate-to-vigorous physical activity guidelines to better develop physical fitness levels for the maintenance of cardiometabolic health during childhood and adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the clinical and anthropometric profile of patients hospitalized for cardiac surgery in a referral hospital with high cardiovascular complexity. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out, with a sample selected for convenience, with adults and elderly people of both sexes, admitted to a teaching hospital located in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) for cardiac surgery, from March to August 2021. Weight, height, waist, hip and neck circumferences were measured, calculation of waist/height ratio (WHR) and waist/hip ratio were performed. Data collection on lifestyle, disease history, type of surgery and length of stay. Results: Thirty patients participated in the study. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), valve replacement (VT), and CABG combined with VT, respectively, were performed. The most prevalent diseases were arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. The frequency of overweight was evidenced in more than half of the population. The entire sample was at risk by WHtR and at risk by other high anthropometric measures in most individuals. Conclusions: The patients had a clinical and anthropometric profile with cardiovascular risk factors due to the presence of chronic diseases and high anthropometric measures, which proved to be good and practical markers for tracking excess weight and cardiovascular risk, and therefore the use is suggested of the other anthropometric measures in addition to just the body mass index in the assessment of the patient in the hospital routine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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OBJECTIVE: To describe the evolution of seropositivity in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, through 10 consecutive surveys conducted between April 2020 and April 2021. METHODS: Nine cities covering all regions of the State were studied, 500 households in each city. One resident in each household was randomly selected for testing. In survey rounds 1–8 we used the rapid WONDFO SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (Wondfo Biotech Co., Guangzhou, China). In rounds 9–10, we used a direct ELISA test that identifies IgG to the viral S protein (S-UFRJ). In terms of social distancing, individuals were asked three questions, from which we generated an exposure score using principal components analysis. RESULTS: Antibody prevalence in early April 2020 was 0.07%, increasing to 10.0% in February 2021, and to 18.2% in April 2021. In round 10, self-reported whites showed the lowest seroprevalence (17.3%), while indigenous individuals presented the highest (44.4%). Seropositivity increased by 40% when comparing the most with the least exposed. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of the population already infected by SARS-Cov-2 in the state is still far from any perspective of herd immunity and the infection affects population groups in very different levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: The presence of changes in blood pressure is already observed in the adolescent population. Thus, the identification of factors associated with blood pressure elevation is useful for the elaboration of public health strategies. Objective: To identify whether anthropometric variables and glycemic profile are associated with changes in blood pressure in adolescents. Method: cross-sectional study with 1007 adolescents, aged 12 to 15 years. Anthropometric data (body mass index - BMI and waist circumference - WC), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure - SBP and diastolic blood pressure - DBP) and fasting blood glucose were evaluated. Data were described as prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A high percentage of boys and girls, respectively, were overweight / obese (37.0% and 33.8%), with changes in blood pressure (23.8% and 23.5%) and glycemic levels (15.8% and 12.5%). Overweight / obese schoolchildren have a higher prevalence of SBP change (PR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05-1.24) among boys and girls (PR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.09-1.26) and DBP among boys (PR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01-1.18), compared to their peers with BMI classified as low weight / normal. In addition, boys with abdominal obesity have a higher prevalence of altered DBP (PR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00-1.22), compared to boys with normal WC. Conclusion: The presence of overweight and obesity is associated with altered SBP. Elevated WC was associated with change in DBP only for males. Blood glucose was not associated with altered BP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The association between socio-demographic and physical capacity levels related to school children's health is investigated. Current transversal study comprised 1000 children and adolescents, aged between 7 and 17 years, in Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil. The socio-economic level, nutritional profile, flexibility, abdominal resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were analyzed with statistical program SPSS v. 23.0, at significance level p<0.05. Results demonstrated that prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in males (PR: 1.05; p=0.025) and lower among adolescents (PR: 0.89; p<0.001). Moreover, male school children had a 6% prevalence lower than APCR low levels (p=0.001). Adolescents (PR: 1.07; p=0.005), school children in public schools (PR: 1.10; p=0.049) and students from the rural area (PR: 1.09; p=0.002) had a higher prevalence in APCR low levels. Socio-demographic factors are actually associated to low levels of physical capacity in school children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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