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Background/Objectives: Neighborhood walkability is the extent to which built and social environments support walking. Walkability influences older adults' participation in outdoor physical activity. Identifying factors that influence physical therapists' (PTs) decisions about prescribing outdoor walking is needed, especially for those who are aging in place. The purpose of this study is to describe the neighborhood walkability knowledge, perceptions, and assessment practices of PTs who work with community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was sent via email to 5,000 PTs nationwide. The 40-item survey assessed walking prescriptions, walkability perceptions and assessments, and gathered demographic data. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square analyses. Results: Using a total of 122 PTs who worked in outpatient geriatric physical therapy settings, a significant difference was found between perceptions of whether PTs should assess walkability and whether they actually assess walkability (χ2 = 78.7, p <.001). Decisions to prescribe outdoor walking were influenced by the availability (n = 79, 64.8%) and maintenance (n = 11, 9.0%) of sidewalks, crime (n = 9, 7.4%), terrain (n = 7, 5.7%), and aesthetics (n = 6, 4.9%). Objective walkability measures were not used by the respondents. Conclusion: When considering the assessment of walkability, PTs prioritize the built environment over the social environment. Although most believe it is the responsibility of the PT to assess walkability, most do not. Significance/Implications: Assessment of walkability may allow PTs to identify barriers and make more informed recommendations concerning outdoor walking for older adults. Objective measures are available for PTs when prescribing outdoor walking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have almost completed one year since the merger of NAIFA, the Society of FSP, and Life Happens, and we hope new readers to the Journal of Financial Service Professionals have found the articles and columns that were published to be beneficial to their practice and professional development. For many years now, the Editor's View column in the November issue of this Journal has highlighted the content we sponsored by providing a year-end review. By examining this column (and those November columns from prior years), we hope our expanded audience can easily locate important information that will enhance their careers and their clients' well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The May 2024 Financial Gerontology column in the Journal of Financial Service Professionals (Vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 35-38) introduced foundational concepts aimed at fostering a balanced perspective on aging. This column offers guidance on the subsequent step--how to practically apply this perspective when engaging with older clients. Given the aging boomer generation's redefinition of aging and heightened awareness of ageism, enhancing one's approach is crucial. Key elements such as language, visual imagery, and mindset play vital roles in conveying a positive perspective on aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professional accountability is considered important to the legitimacy and survival of a profession. Prior research has examined the role of top-down scrutiny by audiences, such as supervisors, regulators, and certification agencies, in improving professional accountability. But the advent of social media platforms has increasingly enabled the bottom-up scrutiny of professionals—especially professionals on the front line—by audiences such as customers and the public. In this research, I examine how and when bottom-up scrutiny through social media (hereafter, social media scrutiny) impacts the accountability of frontline professionals. Conducting an ethnography of 911 emergency management organizations, I find that social media scrutiny of 911 call-takers—the frontline professionals in this setting—can obscure rather than improve professional accountability. I elaborate on how, why, and under what conditions social media scrutiny pushes frontline professionals to deviate from their mandate, which, in turn, obscures their sense of professional accountability. These processes also generate spillover effects on the everyday work and mandate of downstream professionals (e.g., 911 dispatchers, police officers), producing a cascading set of unintended consequences that further obscures accountability for multiple actors across the professional ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past decade has seen the emergence of a demographic "longevity revolution" reflecting global population aging and recognition of the economic ramifications of its current and future growth in the attention to the development of a "longevity economy" that accompanies it. This phenomenon will continue for decades, and will evolve as generations, societies, economies, cultures, families, and individuals negotiate dynamic change in every aspect of life. At the same time as we look ahead at this evolution, it is helpful to briefly review some of the foundational concepts of financial gerontology and connect these to the broader context of financial services professionals and the longevity economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop a model of how emotions shape the participation of professions' clients in episodes of jurisdictional contestation. Our model begins with a framing contest between a social movement that disrupts a profession's jurisdictional control and the profession that defends it. We theorize how, through adversarial framing efforts, the movement and profession each seek to evoke emotions in particular ways to shape the actions of clients in their favor. We then explore how the emotional resonance of this framing contest leads individual clients to support, to varying degrees, one or both contestants. We argue that clients experiencing different configurations of pride, anger, shame, and fear—or ambivalence when these emotions overlap in conflicting ways—enact one of five modes of participation. With this article, we contribute to the literature on professions by (a) conceptualizing client participation in jurisdictional contestation across analytical levels, (b) considering the role of a constellation of intertwined social emotions in this process, (c) and introducing a typology of five modes of client participation in jurisdictional contestation. We develop the model by drawing on empirical examples from health-related professions, but we also discuss its generalizability to other work domains and stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical activity improves the well-being of persons living with dementia but few exercise programs include them. The Dementia-Inclusive Choices for Exercise (DICE) toolkit aims to improve exercise providers' understanding of dementia and ability to support persons living with dementia in physical activity. We evaluated the co-designed DICE toolkit with exercise providers using a mixed-methods approach comprising pre/post questionnaires and interviews and reflection diaries. Among 16 participants, self-efficacy for exercise delivery to persons living with dementia and both knowledge and attitudes toward dementia significantly improved. Thematic analysis suggested participants (a) had a deeper understanding of the variability of dementia, (b) were planning for equitable access for persons living with dementia, (c) planned to promote social connection through exercise, and (d) were optimistic for future engagement with persons living with dementia. The DICE toolkit may improve exercise providers' knowledge and confidence to plan proactively to support persons living with dementia in programs and services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last three decades, business-to-business (B2B) sales practices have undergone significant change. This study evaluates the current responsibilities, skills, and knowledge sets required in B2B sales professionals. It identifies roles, qualifications, competencies, and the B2B sales position taxonomy. To achieve these objectives, we conducted three studies. The first study included an analysis of 565 job descriptions to identify the current task and skill requirements of B2B salespeople. The second survey included 380 B2B salespeople and incentivized the development of a new up-to-date taxonomy for sales positions. Our third and final study consisted of 33 semi-structured interviews with B2B sales professionals, and was designed to predict the future skillsets required in B2B sales professionals. Our results discuss the conception and current status of the B2B sales profession, and primarily highlight the role of future B2B salespeople. Lastly, this study offers a set of B2B sales-related recommendations based on our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We integrate the job characteristics and dual work passion models to explore the indirect (via work meaningfulness) effects of job characteristics (i.e., job autonomy, task identity, skill variety, task significance, feedback from the job and feedback from others) on two types of work passion, harmonious passion (HP) and obsessive passion (OP). We first advance occupation‐specific predictions for job characteristics‐to‐work passion relationships and then explore differences in those relationships between HP and OP across four occupational sectors: knowledge work (n = 201), blue‐collar work (n = 148), nonprofit work (n = 141), and managerial work (n = 133). Our findings demonstrate that job characteristics are important drivers of work passion. However, our key discovery is that the motivational impact of the job characteristics is not universally applicable but rather depends on the specific occupational context and whether passion is harmonious or obsessive. We therefore conclude that when it comes to translating job characteristics into work passion, the one‐size‐fits‐all approach is not appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is highly likely that financial service professionals, particularly those engaged in tax practice, will be asked by clients to either prepare or assist in the preparation of the beneficial ownership information (BOI) report. These professionals would be well advised to consult with their attorney and their malpractice insurance provider about the potential risks involved in taking on this type of work. It is also suggested that professionals make sure their engagement letters are specific with respect to the responsibilities of the various parties involved, including the updating of information when the company's relevant information changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a 2023 presidential address by Amy J. Hillman who also serves as the Rusty Lion chair of strategy at Arizona State University's W.P. Carey School of Business' Department of Management, and it mentions the concept of service orientation and the author's experiences as the president of the Academy of Management organization. According to the author, individuals should think of service as the core of their profession, teaching, and research.

This article provides a basic overview of the way that financial literacy, financial knowledge, and its application works for one's basic estate planning using the 2021 National Financial Capability Study (NFCS) dataset. Further, the article expands the link between financial literacy and individuals who have established wills. The research offers implications for financial service professionals who are addressing estate planning for their clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In my September column ("Planning for One's Housing Future: Proactive Decision Making," Journal of Financial Service Professionals 77, no. 5 (2023): 38-41), I introduced the concept of being proactive and deliberate in planning for one's housing future, as well as the role financial services professionals can play in encouraging clients to think about housing as a key element of their financial plan. In this column, I continue with this theme, focusing on the importance of home design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restricted stock units (RSUs) are a type of equity compensation that many companies offer to attract top talent and to incentivize their executives to remain employed. RSUs generally have the potential of resulting in the transfer of substantial value to the executive, without a lot of complexity associated with that outcome. To make the most of an executive's RSUs, the financial service professional should make sure that the executive understands how much value they have and should devise a plan for addressing the taxation and cash flow needs following the vesting of the RSUs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals deeply socialized into professional cultures tend to strongly resist breaking from their professions' core cultural tenets. When these individuals face external pressure (e.g., via new technology or regulation), they typically turn to peers for guidance in such involuntary reinventions of their work. But it is unclear how some professionals may voluntarily break from deeply ingrained views. Through our study of French anesthesiologists who practice hypnosis, we aim to better understand this little-explored phenomenon. Adopting hypnosis, a technique that many anesthesiologists consider subjective and even magical, contradicted a core tenet of their profession: the need to only use techniques validated by rigorous scientific-based research. Drawing on interviews and observations, we analyze how these anesthesiologists were able to change their views and reinvent their work. We find that turning inward to oneself (focusing on their own direct experiences of clients) and turning outward to clients (relying on relations with clients) played critical roles in anesthesiologists' ability to shift their views and adopt hypnosis. Through this process, these anesthesiologists embarked on a voluntary internal transformation, or reboot, whereby they profoundly reassessed their work, onboarded people in adjacent professions to accept their own reinvention, and countered isolation from their peers. Overall, we show a pathway to such reinvention that entails turning inward and outward (rather than to peers), a result that diverges significantly from prior understandings of professionals' transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this paper is to do a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic on Dental Match Residency statistics from the year 2019–2023. Methods: The Dental Match Residency statistics available from the Dental Match website were analyzed from years 2019–2023 to evaluate the impact of pre-pandemic (2019–2020), pandemic (2021, 2022) and post-pandemic year trends (2023). Important trends were evaluated and summarized using graphs, descriptive statistics, and two sample tests for proportions (chi-square test) comparing different pairs of years. Results: Total Match participants increased in 2021 followed by a drop in 2022, and 2023 despite an increase in total MATCH positions offered in 2023. The percentage of unmatched applicants to total applicants and the ratio of total applicants to total positions peaked in 2021 compared to other study periods (all yearly comparisons p < 0.001). The ratio of graduates who were not fresh out of dental school to total graduates has seen a small steady increase since 2021 (p > 0.06). Participants ranking more than one type of residency program saw an increase in 2021 which decreased in 2023 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Dental Match statistics have undergone several distinct changes and trends during the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic years. Further specific residency-based MATCH data from the USA and equivalent sources around the world needs to be investigated to understand the underlying trends and to guide future policymaking for post-graduate dental specialty training especially as it relates to specific factors such as job market, perceived quality of education, economic and geopolitical factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Israel is a multiethnic society with a population of 9.8 million at the end of 2023. Israeli Arabs (i.e., Arab Palestinian citizens of Israel) account for 21% of the Israel's overall population, 22% of its working age population and 16% of the employed population. This study has several objectives: (1) To provide an overview of the current representation of Israeli Arabs in four key health care professions (medicine, nursing, dentistry, and pharmacy) in terms of employment, licensure, and professional studies; (2) To document changes in those parameters over the past decade, subject to limitations of data availability; (3) To provide a broader context on the employment of Israeli Arabs; (4) To explore the policy implications of the key findings. Methods: Estimates of employment levels are based on the Labor Force Survey (LFS) of the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Data on licensure (i.e., professional qualification) and place of professional studies were extracted from the Ministry of Health report series entitled "The Health Care Professions". Data on enrollment in degree programs in Israel was provided by the Council of Higher Education. Important background information was elicited from relevant policy documents and policy experts. Results: In 2023, among employed Israelis up to age 67, Arabs constituted approximately one-quarter of Israel's physicians (25%), nurses (27%), and dentists (27%), and half of Israel's pharmacists (49%). These percentages are substantially higher than they were in 2010, with the increase being particularly marked in the case of physicians (25% versus 8%). The number of new licenses granted annually increased significantly between 2010 and 2022 for both Arabs and Jews in each of the professions covered. The percentage of newly licensed professionals who are Arab increased substantially among physicians and nurses, while remaining stable among dentists and pharmacists. In medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy, many of the licensed Arab health professionals had studied outside of Israel; this phenomenon also exists for nursing but is less widespread there. In the 2022/3 academic year, the percentage of first-degree students in Israeli colleges and universities who were Arab was 70% in pharmacy, 33% in nursing, 23% in dentistry, and 9% in medicine. Between 2012/3 and 2022/3 the percentage of first-degree students who are Arab increased substantially for pharmacy, declined slightly for nursing, and declined substantially for medicine and dentistry. Conclusions: Arab professionals play a substantial and recently increased role in the provision of health care services in Israel. It is important to recognize, appreciate, and maintain this substantial role. Moreover, its potential as a model for sectors other than health care should be explored. To build on achievements to date, and to promote continued progress, policymakers should expand access to health professional education within Israel, upgrade the skills of graduates of non-Israeli universities, promote diversity in leadership positions and key specialties, and expand specialty care services in Arab localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coping strategies have become more prevalent in teacher education as coping is essential for thriving in this present era of unforeseen changes that increase the demands of the teaching profession. Considering the field’s significance and breadth, bibliometric analysis – a rigorous analysis of large volumes of scientific data – was undertaken with the aim of capturing the field’s entire knowledge structure. The study conducted performance and science mapping analyses on 238 empirical articles from Web of Science (1992–2023). Findings indicate the field’s publication trend, most productive authors, journals, affiliations, and nations, most referenced papers, and most prominent terms. The themes encompassed different emphases: COVID-19, workplace changes, professional context, stress, and related constructs. The topics informed purposes of coping strategies, their relation with different variables, and research methodologies applied in coping strategies studies. The study delineates the scientometric landscape of the field, illuminating potential areas of inquiry and scope for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, comorbidity, and medical treatment in a primary care population with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Additionally, to investigate how primary care physicians (PCPs) diagnose, manage and treat impaired kidney function, including uptake of cardio-renoprotective renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASis) and sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). Design: An observational study of CKD prevalence, treatment patterns and comorbidities in primary care based on patient record data combined with a questionnaire on diagnosis, management and treatment of impaired kidney function in a real-world, primary care setting. Setting: In all 128 primary care clinics in Denmark of 211 randomly invited and a quetionnaire completed by 125/128 participating PCPs. Methods: A computerized selection identified 12 random individuals with CKD per clinic with ≥ 2 measurements of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or UACR > 30 mg/g within two years (N = 1 497). Pre-specified data collected from individual electronic health records included demographics, clinical variables, comorbidities, and relevant prescribed medications. Results: Of the CKD study population (N = 1 497), 80% had hypertension, 32% diabetes (DM), 13% heart failure (HF), 59% no DM/HF. ACEis/ARBs were prescribed to 65%, statins to 56%, SGTL2is to 14%, and MRAs to 8% of all individuals. Treatment patterns differed between individuals with varying comorbidities, e.g., ACEis/ARBs usage was higher in DM (76%) or HF (74%) vs. no DM/HF (58%), as was statin usage (76% in DM vs. 45% in no DM/HF). SGTL2i usage in no DM/HF was low. Most PCPs identified CKD using eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (62%) or UACR > 30 mg/g (58%) and 62% reported initiating treatment to retard kidney function decline. Conclusions: Despite good PCP awareness and wish to use relevant guidelines, a gap exists in implementation of cardio-renoprotective treatment, especially in individuals without DM/HF. This offers an opportunity for clear recommendations to PCPs to optimize early cardio-renal protection in individuals with CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Career change teachers (CCTs) are heralded in international education policies as key to addressing teacher shortages and increasing quality and diversity in the profession. Using a qualitative approach inspired by Ball's discursive facet of policy enactment, interview responses from 23 Australian teacher educators were examined. The aim was to determine how these teacher educators spoke and thought about CCTs as well as how they discursively positioned this cohort in the profession. Findings revealed teacher educators described CCTs in multiple ways and discursively positioned them as complex. While the policies may be well intended, the authors point to three possible "perverse effects" of CCTs as a policy solution to teacher shortages: (1) the attrition rather than the retention of CCTs; (2) the valorising of personal and professional qualities over quality teachers and teaching; and (3) the further homogenisation rather than diversification of the teaching profession. Recommendations are suggested for mitigating these possible effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a training program for social workers who provide services for promoting the career and life development (CLD) of non-engaged youth (NEY). Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to compare the changes between the training (n = 58) and the comparison groups (n = 48). Focus groups and individual interviews with training participants (n = 13) and guest speakers (n = 2) were also conducted. Results: The training group showed greater improvement in all four aspects of capacity building—implementation, commitment, knowledge, and orientation—than the comparison group. The qualitative analysis generated four themes about how social workers benefited from the training program. Discussion: The findings provided evidence for the positive impact of the training program in building social workers' capacity for facilitating NEY's CLD. As such, the Program offers a holistic framework of CLD-related theory and practice for social workers and evaluators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consultation following evidence-based practice (EBP) training enhances the uptake of EBPs. Yet, little is known about what occurs during consultation, and it is often difficult for providers to engage in consultation. This study examined provider engagement in consultation and the content and strategies used during consultation following training in Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) as part of a community-based learning collaborative (CBLC). Minute-to-minute live coding of consultation calls revealed most content was clinically-oriented and the most common strategies used by consultants were didactic in nature. Providers with more years of professional experience and those with greater TF-CBT knowledge attended significantly more consultation calls. Providers with a greater average weekly caseload and providers who were supervisors presented significantly more cases on calls. Providers with greater TF-CBT knowledge spoke significantly more minutes on calls. Consistent with previous work, findings highlight difficulties with provider engagement in consultation and that providers with more baseline expertise are most likely to be engaged. Findings suggest tailoring EBP training efforts to better engage providers at greatest risk for low engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This pilot test of the 4Ms-Behavioral Health (4Ms-BH) training program was designed to assess knowledge gains, clinical behavior change, and acceptability among mental health clinicians and compile lessons to guide widespread implementation of the framework. The ultimate future goal is to improve care for older adults by expanding the 4Ms framework for behavioral health providers. Method: Fifteen mental health clinicians from Community Mental Health Centers in three states completed eight hours of live session training over six months: one three-hour introduction followed by five monthly application sessions. Clinicians completed knowledge and clinical behavior measures before and after training, along with follow-up discussion regarding acceptability and sustainability. Results: Although knowledge gains were not significant in the overall 4Ms knowledge assessment, knowledge in the Medication and Mobility domains improved at 17% and 15%, respectively. Participants completing the program demonstrated an increased frequency of clinical behaviors pertinent to older adult care with large effect sizes in each of the 4Ms assessment and action activities from pre-training to post-training (Cohen's d range = 0.82 − 1.66, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: The 4Ms-BH framework was well-received by participants, who demonstrated some significant knowledge gains and clinical behavior change. These pilot data suggest that this framework has strong potential to effectively train mental health clinicians with little geriatric training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Measurement of postburn injury is important to assess impact of interventions, monitor symptoms, and direct treatment. Outcome measures are important to enable patients' views to be incorporated into their clinical care and direct healthcare. To date, there are few patient-reported outcome measures specific for the burn's population, only one specific patient reported questionnaire exists for hand burn injuries. For outcome measures to be person focused, it is important to have individuals who have experienced the injury join the development team to consult and advise on properties for inclusion. The aim of this study was to co-design a specific outcome measure for severe hand burn injuries. Methods: Participatory Action Research was used to co-design the outcome measure with experienced allied health professionals, individuals with hand burn injuries, and researchers. Participatory Action Research acknowledges the depth and breadth of experience of all co-researchers. Content analysis was used to systematically analyze meaning and relationships from each cycle. Results: In cycle 1—the constructs for measurement and activities for inclusion in the outcome measure were selected over a series of virtual meetings. The 18 activities included measure patterns of hand movement, pinch, and grip strength, which can be repeatedly measured over time across recovery. In cycle 2—two rating scales were developed one for clinicians and one for patients. Conclusion: The newly developed outcome measure will require further testing to determine psychometric properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) has numerous maternal and neonatal benefits. KMC is often overlooked as a vital neonatal stabilization tool. Factors that influence the initiation of KMC by bedside staff include a lack of specific education on KMC, low confidence, and hesitancy due to the infant's clinical illness. Parents can pick up on the staff's hesitancy and may not realize they can request to hold their baby. Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to decrease the time to the first opportunity for eligible neonates for KMC within the first 24 hours. Method: The location of the project was in a 35-bed NICU, private, and semi-private room mix. The project leads revised, updated, and received facility approval for a KMC policy. Parent education was provided via a bi-lingual pamphlet and video. KMC Champions were utilized to increase early KMC rates. Results: During the 12th week of the 3-month monitoring period, all eligible infant dyads were held within the first 24 hours, achieving the goal of 100%. Offering various educational opportunities led to enthusiastic staff participation. Additionally, reinforcement of importance and exposure to KMC led to an increase in staff buy-in. Implications for Practice and Research: Increasing staff knowledge on the importance of KMC may lead to increased confidence and competence, and a potential decrease in apprehension in offering and performing KMC. Further research needs to explore and define causes of staff hesitancy that lead to a decrease in KMC opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inadequate sleep is a common problem among those receiving palliative care services, yet there is limited knowledge regarding nonpharmacological sleep interventions among staff. An educational online program was developed to address this deficit. This study assessed the extent of knowledge acquired following the online educational sleep program and determined the feasibility of using this intervention with palliative care professionals. Thirty-one participants (54.8% licensed nurses) completed the educational program. Most worked in either inpatient residential (38.7%) or home-based (35.5%) settings and had considerable experience working in palliative care. The total average pretest score was 67.5% (SD, 6.5%; range, 56.3%-79.2%) compared with the total average posttest score of 93.1% (SD, 6.0; range, 78.7%-100%). There was a significant mean difference in the scores as documented by a paired-sample t test (t 30 = −21.9, P <.0001). The results did not differ between the disciplines and those working in each setting or by years of experience. The study had a 51.6% recruitment rate and an 88.6% retention rate. The significant increase in the palliative care professionals' knowledge following the educational program suggests it is a useful tool for nurses, aides, social workers, and managers to improve direct care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many different elements of patient monitoring and treatment can be supported by implantable devices, which have proven to be extremely reliable and efficient in the medical profession. Medical professionals can use the data they collect to better diagnose and treat patients as a result. The devices' power sources, on the other hand, are battery-based, which introduces a slew of issues. As part of this review, we explore the use of harvesters in implanted devices and evaluate various materials and procedures and look at how new and improved circuits can enable the harvesters to sustain medical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of qualified and student speech-language pathologists (SLPs) on the clinical utility of informant report and observation tools following a 1-day workshop using a decision tree. Method: Each participant group (qualified [n = 4] or student SLP [n = 8]) attended a 1-day workshop where they engaged with informant report and structured observation tools using video case studies. Each workshop concluded in a focus group conducted by an independent researcher. NVivo 12 software supported inductive coding and subsequent thematic analysis of transcribed data. Result: Thematic analysis revealed that participants' perceptions of tools' clinical utility could be conceptualised as three themes (a) tool characteristics, (b) external clinical work demands, and (c) clinician preparedness. Conclusion: Participants' views on the utility of informant report and structured observation were influenced by tensions between their desires, the realities of clinical practice, and their own capabilities. This has implications for workforce development in the field in providing clinician guidance, training, and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article poses the question, how can a design-led approach help managers and professionals in public-service systems recognize and reduce barriers to social equity? It introduces a service integration design (SID) model, a co-creative process for public-service managers and professionals in complex service system settings. The study shows how a structured and designed process can benefit the social equity of vulnerable groups, contributing to a timely discussion regarding the role of design in advancing the just and fair provision of public services in complex systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper examines how rank-and-file practitioners react to and negotiate uniformized professional standards imposed by the elites of their profession in order to embody their professional ideal. Design/methodology/approach: We explore this topic through the specific case of the Canadian independence rule. We mobilize Freidson's and Becker's conceptual tools to make sense of our data, generated through 55 interviews with rank-and-file practitioners. Findings: We found that most rank-and-file practitioners override the (spirit of the) independence rule and engage in a process of secret deviance to pursue their professional ideal of accompanying their client in their business. Specifically, our analysis underlines how they find pleasure in fulfilling their professional ideal, seek to protect the secrecy that allows them to pursue this ideal while avoiding sanctions, and convince themselves of the morality of breaking the (spirit of the) rule in order to embody their conception of professionalism. Research limitations/implications: Our analysis expands fieldwork on rank-and-file practitioners by offering an analysis of struggles they experienced in their daily practice and by bringing to light their path to secret "professional" deviance. Practical implications: Our study points to the necessity for better consideration of the realities of professional segments when developing rules or standards. Originality/value: Our study develops a distinctive conceptual construct – the professionalism conception gap – to explain how secret "professional" deviance can unfold within a profession. This construct could be mobilized to further understand the divergences that can exist within broader professional spheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Haematology is a speciality frequently confronted with end-of-life situations, and teams will be concerned by the question of medical assistance in dying. The Ethics Commission of the French Society of Haematology has conducted a survey on the knowledge and perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding complex end-of-life situations. Methods: A cross-sectionalonline survey of hematology professionals in France. The comprehensive online questionnaire addressed respondents' experience of complex end-of-life situations in hematology, based on 7 clinical vignettes. The survey contained 55 questions, 6 of which were open-ended. They were asked to give their opinion on whether it should be legalized. Justifications were then requested and analyzed by theme. Results: The survey was distributed to associations of hematology healthcare professionals (approximately 1,300 members). Overall, 182 healthcare professionals replied, including a third nurses and a third physicians. The average score for identifying complex situations was 7.1 out of 10 (IQR 5.7,8.6), with lesser knowledge of situations involving double effect, euthanasia and sedation for distress than of situations involving limiting or stopping treatment. Training in palliative care was the main driver of knowledge (p = 0.004), as well as being a physician (p < 0.001). We found that the opinions of healthcare professionals regarding the legalization of medical assistance in dying in France were diverse and well-founded. Conclusion: Hematology healthcare professionals had lesser knowledge of situations involving double effect, euthanasia and sedation for distress. Knowledge of specific situations impacts professionals' opinion on legalization of medical assistance in dying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A significant body of research has examined how the attire of physicians and nurses affects patients' perceptions, preferences, and outcomes. However, limited research has focused on the clothing worn by other health professionals, such as chiropractors. The present study aims to explore patients' preferences and perceptions of chiropractors' attire. Methods: Using a cross-sectional image-based procedure, new patients to a university clinic were questioned regarding their preferences for four different attires (casual, formal, scrub, and white coat) worn by both a male and a female chiropractor. Patients also reported their perceptions in terms of chiropractors' knowledge, trustworthiness, competence, professionalism, and comfortable for each photograph. Results: From August 10, 2022, to January 23, 2023, 75 new patients participated in the study. Results indicated a strong preference for scrubs for both male and female chiropractors. Chiropractors in scrubs were also seen as more knowledgeable, trustworthy, competent, and professional, and comfortable. This was closely followed by those wearing white coats and formal attire. Notably, the white coat worn by the female chiropractor received significantly more positive ratings than when worn by her male counterpart. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that chiropractors' attire influences patients' perceptions and should be considered in the development of dress codes for public and private clinics. Further research is essential to understand better how the gender and age of care providers affect patient evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of bioethics could assist healthcare professionals in working ethically, thus enhancing the quality of patient care. We conducted a study to assess physicians' and nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding healthcare ethics in Cameroon's southwest region. 469 healthcare professionals were recruited, with 89.8% being nurses and 10.2% being doctors. Women made up 79.6% of nurses, while men made up 60.4% of physicians. The percentage of healthcare professionals who demonstrated good knowledge regarding the most commonly applied biomedical ethics principles varied from 62.9 to 73.1%. There were significant differences in agreement levels between doctors and nurses on statements such as physician-assisted suicide, physicians not refusing to assist with abortions if the law allowed it, and seeking informed consent only for operations and not tests. Nurses were three times more likely to agree with the statements that doctors cannot refuse abortion if the law allows it and that patients who want assisted suicide should be assisted to get it. Most healthcare providers were found to consistently adhere to healthcare ethics in their practices. However, there was a significant difference in opinion between doctors and nurses when asked if they ordered tests that were not medically necessary but were ordered for patient satisfaction, with nurses having a lower likelihood of agreeing to such practices than doctors. While participants demonstrated a moderate knowledge of healthcare ethics, additional educational interventions are needed to cultivate more favourable attitudes toward specific aspects of healthcare ethics, such as informed consent, patient autonomy, paternalism, and confidentiality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Delirium frequently occurs in palliative care settings, yet its screening, identification, and management remain suboptimal in clinical practice. This review aims to elucidate the barriers preventing healthcare professionals from effectively screening, recognizing, and managing delirium in adult patients receiving specialist palliative care, with the goal of developing strategies to enhance clinical practice. Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted (PROSPERO: CRD42024563666). Literature was sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases from their inception to November 16, 2024, without language restrictions. Studies that were primary quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research, and reported the barriers to healthcare professionals' screening, recognition, and management of delirium in adult patients receiving specialist palliative care (including inpatient hospice/hospital care, consultation teams, and outpatient/community services) were included. Studies were excluded if they did not permit barrier factor extraction, had duplicate or incomplete data, or were case reports or conference abstracts. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018 was employed to evaluate the methodological quality of included studies. Data synthesis used the convergent-integrated JBI mixed-methods approach. Results: 21 articles that meet the selection criteria have been identified, with 11 quantitative, 8 qualitative and 2 mixed-methods, collectively involving 857 patients and 649 healthcare professionals. Four themes were identified from the includes studies: (1) Individual level: knowledge and understanding gaps among healthcare professionals; (2) Operational level: implementation challenges in clinical practice; (3) Organizational level: structural and resource deficiencies; (4) Contextual level: specific impacts of situational factors. Conclusion: The systematic review uncovered a complex interplay of barriers spanning individual, operational, organizational, and contextual levels in palliative settings. To address these challenges, recommended strategies include developing targeted training programs, implementing standardized delirium assessment tools, improving guideline accessibility, and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance delirium screening and management in palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the best ways to impart important skills to trainees is through simulation-based training, which is more reliable than the conventional clinical examination method. It is used in pediatric nursing training to allow nurses to practice and improve their clinical and conversational skills during an actual child encounter. A heel-prick is a complex psychomotor task that requires skill and knowledge from the pediatric nurse performing the procedure while applying for the National Newborn Screening Program. Aim: This study aimed to assess the impact of simulation-based training on pediatric nurses' knowledge and performance regarding the heel-prick technique used during newborn blood screening tests in select hospitals in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Methods: This study utilized an experimental pre-test and post-test design. The G*Power Program® Version 3.1.9.4 was employed to determine the sample size to fulfil the study's objectives. The sample consisted of 50 nurses recruited from the Maternity & Children Hospital Bisha, Al-Namas General Hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Pediatric Assiut University Hospital in Egypt; they were randomly divided into two groups of 25 nurses, intervention and control. The sample size was calculated assuming α level of 0.05, a β level of 0.20, and a desired power of 80%. The study was conducted from June 1st to August 30th, 2023. Two data collection instruments were used: a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist for the heel-prick technique in newborn bloodspot screening sample collection. Before the training intervention, a pre-test assessing knowledge and performance was administered. Intervention and control groups received two hours of instruction every 5 days. The researcher utilized PowerPoint presentations, videos, and interactive learning session intervention to deliver the instructional content to increase nurses' knowledge and also employed mannequins for a newborn blood spot test simulator to train participants on performance. A post-test 1 was administered immediately after the training sessions. Additionally, post-test 2 was conducted 20 days after the study and followed up after 40 days of intervention (post-test 3). Results: The study participants ranged in age from 25 to 30 years, with the majority being female. A statistically significant difference was observed in the knowledge and performance of pediatric nurses following simulation-based training. The majority of nurses demonstrated correct responses after the simulation-based learning intervention. However, the nurses' knowledge varied, as evidenced by the mean scores of their total knowledge regarding the heel-prick for the newborn bloodspot screening test. Immediately after the learning intervention session, the mean scores were 37.86 ± 1.28 and 34.84 ± 1.22 in the experimental and control groups, respectively. At 20 days post-training, the mean scores were 40.16 ± 1.11 and 33.55 ± 1.18 in the experimental and control groups, respectively, with a highly statistically significant difference (P-value = 0.0001). Moreover, at 40 days post-training, the mean scores were 39.54 ± 1.09 and 29.66 ± 1.32 in the experimental and control groups, respectively, and a statistically significant difference was found (P-value = 0.0001). Conversely, the level of nurses' performance before training was below average, with 52% and 56% in the experimental and control groups, respectively. Immediately after the simulation-based learning, the majority of nurses in the experimental group demonstrated a good level of performance in post-test 1, post-test 2, and post-test 3, with a statistically significant difference compared to the nurses in the control group (P-value = 0.001). Conclusion: The use of newborn blood spot test simulators is useful during simulation-based training in raising the overall level of the pediatric nurses' knowledge and performance, especially through 1, 2, & 3 post-training tests. The findings have several practical implications, and one is that pediatric nurses' performance and knowledge concerning newborn blood screening tests should be prioritized to guarantee patient safety and quality of care in pediatric patient scenarios. It is essential for nursing trainers to effectively train pediatric nurses' by using simulators to improve their caring knowledge and performance in educational settings. By improving nurses' knowledge and performance, we can reduce the dangers caused by their training on real neonates; also, it can be an attractive way to train nurses when trained by simulators and ultimately enhance the overall quality of nursing services in the hospital. Clinical trial number: This study was registered by Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: (NCT06685471||https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/) with the clinical Trail registry (12-11-2024). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Integrative Health (IH) professional organizations are responsible for advancing health equity and addressing structural racism. Objective: The Academy of Integrative Health and Medicine (AIHM) partnered with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine to co-create a longitudinal curriculum for its board and staff to address structural racism and health equity in IH. Methods: We administered a 2-phase curriculum addressing health equity in IH. We evaluated the curriculum with pre & post-surveys of knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors and conducted a qualitative analysis of open-ended questions and personal reflections. Results: Thirty one respondents took the pre-training survey. The mean knowledge scores for each seminar improved. Qualitative analysis revealed that participants grappled with the pervasiveness of racism and bias engrained within health care. Conclusion: This curriculum serves as a valuable model for IH professional organizations aiming to address their role in disrupting the effects of racism on health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Total and sub-total lesions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are one of the most frequent and performance-limiting injuries to the knee joint within the active population. Early surgical management, often regarded as the primary management strategy, has recently been shown to have similar outcomes when compared with an initial rehabilitative approach followed by surgical ACL reconstruction if higher levels of functionality are needed. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the physiotherapists and orthopedic surgeons' "coper/non-coper" screening application in the clinical management of the patient after ACL injury. Second, the authors aimed to investigate the cooperation between physiotherapists and orthopedic surgeons when dealing with patients with ACL injuries. Methods: An online survey consisting of 12 questions on the clinical practice of the surveyed physiotherapists (n = 803) and orthopedic surgeons (n = 201), and the relation between these healthcare professionals, was distributed. The answers were stratified depending on clinical experience in dealing with ACL injuries. Results: Both physiotherapists and orthopedic surgeons showed a low degree of confidence and application of the "coper/non-coper" screening when managing ACL lesions. The sub-population of ACL experts reported a good level of interprofessional interaction. Nevertheless, an updated level of knowledge regarding the recent evidence on the non-surgical management of ACL lesions is still lacking. Conclusions: The study findings indicate the need to improve the collaboration between Italian physiotherapists and orthopedic surgeons as well as their knowledge of the non-surgical approaches to ACL lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Unhealthy behaviours contributing to cardiovascular issues, diabetes, strokes, and cancer, pose significant health risks. General practitioners (GPs) are pivotal in guiding behaviour change, with Motivational Interviewing (MI) showing promise. MI, developed by William Miller and Stephen Rollnick, aims to enhance motivation for change. Despite its efficacy in areas like smoking cessation and weight loss, its uptake among French GPs remains uncertain. Methods: This qualitative study was to explore GPs' understanding of MI, its perceived benefits and the obstacles to its implementation in western Brittany (Finistère). Semi-structured interviews, conducted by two female trainees, explored MI knowledge, benefits, and barriers with a thematic analysis. Results: Between November 2020 and May 2021, 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs. Participants had a limited understanding of MI, often confusing it with persuasion. MI was seen as a patient-centered tool fostering behavioural change, with reported benefits in cancer screening, chronic disease management, and vaccination. However, barriers such as time constraints, limited training availability, and systemic issues hinder its adoption. Participants emphasized MI's utility for challenging cases but noted it was unnecessary for engaged patients. MI could also enhance doctor-patient relationships and physician satisfaction. Overcoming barriers requires addressing logistical issues, integrating MI into training, and promoting its long-term efficiency to improve healthcare outcomes. Conclusion: This study highlighted GPs' limited knowledge of MI but recognized its value in promoting patient-centered care and behaviour change. GPs identified its potential in areas like cancer screening, chronic disease management, and vaccine hesitancy while noting barriers such as time constraints and insufficient training. Addressing these challenges through better integration into training and practice could enhance patient outcomes and provider satisfaction. Focused efforts are needed to translate MI's potential into routine clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite increased access to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Canada, familiarity and experience among primary care providers (PCPs)—including family doctors and those working with key populations—remains limited. To understand the barriers and facilitators of PrEP familiarity and experience, we conducted a situational analysis in PCPs in sub-urban and rural Ontario. Methods: We surveyed a non-probabilistic sample of PCPs using an online questionnaire, designed with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Poisson regressions with robust variance were used to assess the relationship between CFIR domains, sociodemographic, and practice characteristics on both PrEP familiarity and experience. Results: A total of 54 PCPs participated (6% response rate), comprising 80% physicians and 20% nurses. Nearly 30% of the sample worked with key populations, including sexual health clinics and community care centers, 18% of respondents reported high familiarity with PrEP, and 44% reported PrEP experience (referred, started a conversation, or prescribed). PrEP familiarity and experience were associated with working in an organization serving key populations, working with gender minorities, and having colleagues providing PrEP. Providers with a positive perception of PrEP and its necessity for populations at risk were more likely to have PrEP-related experience. Higher familiarity and experience were reported by PCPs with specific clinical skills related to PrEP, and with the perception that PrEP was compatible with their practice as primary provider. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that organizational support, and additional training and education would facilitate PrEP provision by PCPs in suburban/rural Ontario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social work is a highly pressurised profession with high rates of stress and professional burnout. The strategy for dealing with this situation has usually focused on self-care. Issues related to organisational culture have been studied as exacerbators of professional stress but rarely addressed as palliative factors. The purpose of this article is to analyse how the organisational models in which social workers carry out their work can contribute to professional care. The research described here takes a qualitative approach, focusing on an exploratory case study in Andalusia (Spain). We have identified organisational aspects that contribute to professional care: leadership, collective spaces for construction, and professional autonomy. The results of this research highlight the importance of an organisational approach to care that does not contradict the classic approach to self-care. The combination of both perspectives could facilitate the task of social workers, which would improve service provision and delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The worldwide scarcity of nurses is a pressing concern, with the World Health Organization predicting a deficit of 5.9 million nurses globally by 2025. Notably, 89% of this shortage is expected to impact low- and middle-income countries. To address the growing demand for nursing professionals, the concept of telenursing care is being considered. However, there is limited evidence regarding nurses' attitudes towards telenursing care in Ethiopia. This study aims to understand how nurses feel about telenursing care and the factors related to it at a specialized teaching referral hospital in northwest Ethiopia. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study at a specialized teaching referral hospital, employing a simple random sampling technique to gather information from 423 nurses. The study took place from July 28 to December 19, 2022/23. Descriptive statistics, including tables and bar graphs, were utilized. Additionally, a binary logistic regression analysis was conducted with 95% confidence intervals and a significance level of P < 0.05 to identify factors influencing nurses' attitudes toward telenursing. Result: Out of the total 416 nurses who responded, representing a response rate of 98.35%, 39.7% exhibited favorable attitudes towards telenursing care. Factors associated with nurses' attitudes included awareness, source of information, social media use, knowledge, computer access, digital training, internet access, and computer training. Conclusions: The findings indicate a low level of positive attitudes towards telenursing care among nurses. To enhance future acceptance, use, and implementation, policymakers, higher education institutions, and other stakeholders should collaborate to improve nurses' attitudes toward telenursing care, taking into consideration various factors and user preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Rare cancers lead to significant health disparities due to difficult diagnoses and delays in accessing treatment. These cancers place a heavy burden on healthcare systems, with patients often struggling to receive timely and effective care. While many EU policies aim to support affected patients, their impact is rarely assessed, particularly from the viewpoint of healthcare providers. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceived effectiveness of existing and planned rare cancer policies across Europe from the perspective of medical professionals. These findings can guide the policymaking process by enabling more targeted interventions to address patient needs effectively. Rare cancers, defined as those with an annual incidence of fewer than six cases per 100,000 individuals, are associated with significant health inequalities. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of healthcare providers with expertise in rare cancers regarding the effectiveness of enacted or planned rare cancer policies across Europe. Between 25 March 2023 and 5 March 2024, we conducted an online survey targeting 738 healthcare providers affiliated with the European Reference Networks and the Organization of European Cancer Institutes, yielding 92 complete responses from 28 European countries (response rate: 12.5%). While a significant portion of respondents were unaware of their country's legal definitions for rare cancers, 67.4% acknowledged that national cancer plans prioritized rare cancers. These plans received the highest ratings for their evidence-based interventions and monitoring efforts. The integration of rare cancer policies into broader oncology frameworks was the preferred policy model. National cancer registries were highly rated for confidentiality and validity but scored the lowest for cost-effectiveness. Government funding was deemed crucial for cancer screening programs. The disease burden and unmet health needs primarily influenced reimbursement decisions in the field of rare cancers. Respondents rated palliative care as more effective in adults with rare cancers compared to in children, particularly regarding symptom management. We confirmed significant variability in rare cancer policy evaluations across Europe, the necessity for a common EU-level definition for rare cancers, and a shift in reimbursement and policy framework models, highlighting the importance of policy integration and enhanced collaboration. However, given the limitations of the study, such as small sample size and possible unstudied confounding factors, we should interpret our findings with caution. A systematic policy review and multistakeholder assessment in the future could complement our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: As populations age globally, there is increasing prevalence of multiple long-term conditions, such as dementia, leading to many challenges. The burden on health and care services, economic pressures, and the necessity for innovative policies to better support older people and people with dementia becomes paramount. This review explores how clinical pharmacists working in UK primary care support older people and people with dementia. Design: Scoping review. Method: This review was conducted following the framework for scoping reviews in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The search of Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane was initially conducted in September 2022, and updated in August 2024. Searches included literature exploring the landscape of clinical pharmacy services for older people in the UK, focusing on roles and services delivered, perceptions, and experiences. Results: A total of 30 articles were included. These detail the multifaceted responsibilities of clinical pharmacists in primary care for older people. Stakeholder perspectives, including healthcare professionals and patients, emphasised the positive outcomes of clinical pharmacist involvement, from reducing other practitioners' workloads to improving patient safety. However, communication gaps, concerns about competence from other healthcare professionals, and the need for clear role definitions emerged as challenges. Research focused on the experiences of underserved groups, such as people with dementia or from minority ethnic backgrounds, is lacking. Conclusions and implications: The review enhances our understanding of the primary care clinical pharmacist service in the UK and identifies gaps in evidence, emphasising the need for empirical studies on the experiences of older people with cognitive impairment and those from minority ethnic backgrounds. It provides insights into what makes an effective clinical pharmacist service, such as training and communication, which may help to inform international policy and practice and improve service provision globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/Objectives: Patients returning to the community from incarceration (ie, reentry) are at heightened risk of experiencing trauma when interacting with the healthcare system. Healthcare professionals may not recognize patients' trauma reactions or know how to effectively respond. This paper describes the development and pilot evaluation of a single-session training to prepare primary care teams to deliver trauma-informed care (TIC) to patients experiencing reentry. Methods: A multidisciplinary team including community members with lived experience engaged in a multiphase human-centered design process that incorporated interviews, discussions, and a participatory process to design and evaluate a single-session interactive pilot training targeting providers' attitudes toward formerly incarcerated patients and confidence to deliver TIC. Results: Both pre- and post-training surveys were completed by 12 TIC training attendees, which included primary care providers and staff. Trainees reported significant increases in confidence to reduce potentially re-traumatizing practices and improved attitudes toward formerly incarcerated individuals. They also expressed interest in receiving additional TIC training and learning how best to care for and meet the needs of persons with a history of incarceration. Trainees described the panel of community members with lived experience as one of the most rewarding aspects of the training. Conclusion: Centering people with lived experience in the training design and delivery produced a single-session TIC training that was both well-received and effective. Our TIC training helped primary care providers and staff move from being merely informed on trauma to having the self-efficacy to prevent and respond to trauma reactions during encounters with all patients, particularly those with a history of incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]