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Within this third volume dealing with breast and bladder cancer, the editors and authors will detail the latest research related to the application of AI to cancer diagnosis and prognosis and summarize its advantages. It's the editors and authors intention to explore how AI assists in these activities, specifically with regard to its unprecedented accuracy, which is even higher than that of general statistical applications in oncology. Ways will also be demonstrated as to how these methods in AI are advancing the field. There have been thousands of papers written between 1995 and 2019 related to AI for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, to this date (and unknown to the Editors) there has not yet been published a comprehensive overview of the latest findings pertaining to these AI technologies, within a single book project(s). Therefore, the purpose of this three volume work and particularly for this third volume dealing with brain and bladder cancer, is to present a compendium of these findings related to these two pervasive cancers. Within this coverage it's our hope that scientists, researchers and clinicians can successfully incorporate these techniques into other significant cancers such as pancreatic, esophageal, leukemia, melanoma, etc.

This book covers novel strategies and state of the art approaches for automated non-invasive systems for early prostate cancer diagnosis. Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy after skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related male deaths in the USA after lung cancer. However, early detection of prostate cancer increases chances of patients'survival. Generally, The CAD systems analyze the prostate images in three steps: (i) prostate segmentation; (ii) Prostate description or feature extraction; and (iii) classification of the prostate status.Explores all of the latest research and developments in state-of-the art imaging of the prostate from world class experts.Contains a comprehensive overview of 2D/3D Shape Modeling for MRI data.Presents a detailed examination of automated segmentation of the prostate in 3D imaging.Examines Computer-Aided-Diagnosis through automated techniques.There will be extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study.

This fully updated and revised new edition provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in prostate cancer. The book reviews new data about molecular characteristics of the disease, profiles the new grading system for prostate cancer introduced in 2015, and provides new perspectives about imaging of prostate cancer, as well as the role of targeted biopsies. The text summarizes the role of biomarkers and MRI in patient selection and management and details the world wide results of active surveillance. Specific chapters address communication and ethical issues, QOL outcomes, economic aspects, and psycho-social aspects of surveillance. The role of focal therapy for low risk disease is summarized, and the data supporting preventive interventions during surveillance reviewed. This text will serve as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with,and interested in this common malignancy, as it provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.

This volume covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology of prostate cancer, as well as novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation and genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis and progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer is one of two companion books comprehensively addressing the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, the companion volume, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches including analysis of needle biopsies, applications of nanoparticle probes and peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.

This text encompass an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art for gland preserving therapies. Fully updated and revised, this text evaluates the scientific evidence for the evolving trend to treat intermediate risk, clinically localized prostate cancer in a focally ablative manner with novel gland-preserving, focal therapy methods. Various ablative devices such as high intensity focused ultrasound, irreversible electroporation, photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy and laser ablation, among others, is discussed in regard to their strengths and limitations as a therapeutic modality. Emphasis is placed on patient selection and outcomes utilizing both advanced imaging techniques and pathologic evaluation. Current and new approaches to image cancer foci within the prostate (multiparametric ultrasonography, multiparametric magnetic resonance image, etc) are presented along with various biopsy techniques, including robotics to map prostate cancer. Patientselection based on imaging and genomic classification, adjuvants to enhance therapy, treatment strategy, outcomes and patient centered concerns is discussed, providing an acceptable balance between cancer control and improved quality of life for patients. Written by experts in the field and lavishly illustrated with detailed line-art and photographs, Imaging and Focal Therapy of Early Prostate Cancer, Second Edition is designed as a comprehensive resource for urologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, radiologists, uropathologists, molecular biologists, biomedical engineers, other clinicians –- residents, fellows, nurses and allied professionals -- and researchers with an interest in the diagnosis and novel treatment of prostate cancer. It will provide insight into the latest research and clinical applications of image-guided diagnosis and minimally invasive focal, gland-preserving treatment for prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is unusual among solid tumors in that the majority of affected men die with, rather than of, the disease. This presents many challenges to healthcare professionals and patients in terms of deciding if, when and how to intervene in order to control tumor growth and spread, thereby extending survival but without compromising quality of life. This is the ninth edition of'Fast Facts: Prostate Cancer'since 1996, testament to the rapid changes in the field and the steadily improving outlook for patients. This new edition provides many key updates: ; the Gleason grade grouping, which has valuable prognostic value; nomograms to evaluate risk; our rapidly expanding understanding of the genetics and underlying pathogenesis of prostate cancer and the development of genomic tests to help identify those at greatest risk of developing clinically significant disease; the continuing debate about the role of PSA in the screening, detection and monitoring of prostate cancer; advances in imaging techniques, particularly multiparametric MRI, which is improving the accuracy of biopsy and reducing the numbers of negative biopsies; the roles of drugs, surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer at different stages, and our ever-improving understanding of when and how best to intervene, aided by improving understanding of the risk factors for disease progression. Primarily intended for primary care providers, specialist nurses, junior doctors and allied healthcare professionals, this highly readable resource provides a comprehensive overview of prostate cancer, enabling fully informed discussions with patients about this complex disease.

Learn the fundamental principles and clinical applications of the diagnostic and risk assessment imaging test of choice for prostate cancer: prostate MRIAlthough prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the USA, it can be treated successfully if detected early. Disease management has gradually changed to a paradigm that relies on close monitoring through active surveillance in select patients, as well as ongoing refinements in treatment interventions, including minimally invasive procedures. This has resulted in a critical need for a more exacting methodology for performing targeted biopsies, assessing risk levels, and devising treatment strategies. Prostate MRI has emerged as the most precise, state-of-the-art imaging modality for prostate cancer diagnosis and management, thereby creating an immediate demand for radiologists to become proficient in its use.Conceived and edited by a leading authority, with contributions from renowned experts in the field, MRI of the Prostate: A Practical Approach is the first book to tackle this important topic. It provides an overview of the fundamentals of prostate MRI acquisition, interpretation, and reporting. Readers will benefit from a wide range of insightful perspectives gleaned from years of hands-on experience.Key HighlightsProstate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) for prostate MRI interpretation and cancer risk scoringClinical pearls on the optimization and application of prostate MRI for risk assessment, disease staging, MRI-targeted biopsy, recurrent disease, and active surveillanceThe emerging utilization of PET and PET/MRI for primary prostate cancer evaluationMore than 700 illustrations with one entirely image-based chapter featuring educational case studiesRadiologists will learn how to optimally perform and interpret prostate MRI, and referring physicians will learn to integrate it into day-to-day practice. This book is an essential resource for radiologists and radiology residents, as well as urologists, oncologists, MRI technicians, and other medical practitioners who treat patients with genitourinary disorders.

This text provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in early prostate cancer. The book reviews new data about genetic markers, transperineal mapping biopsy and mpMRI, how to apply each of these technologies in patients with elevated PSA, when a prior prostate biopsy performed by the standard TRUS method is negative and in cases where low risk disease is already diagnosed, how to differentiate those men who might harbor more aggressive disease from those who do not. Over 75% of newly diagnosed prostate cancer meets the criteria for low risk disease which has created a dilemma for both patients and clinicians. Active surveillance programs have been initiated and are reviewed. How the new technologies impact surveillance programs is addressed. Clinical stage designation is updated and a new intra-prostatic staging system is discussed. Prostate biopsy techniques utilizing transrectal ultrasound, transperineal mapping, elastography and mpMRI are compared. Finally, utilization of this new technology in the application of focal therapy is reviewed.The Prostate Cancer Dilemma will serve as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in this challenging malignancy. Chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific and clinical information as well as links to procedural video content.

'This book admirably covers prostate cancer. It is written in an easily digestible manner for non-experts and emphasizes the importance of a team approach to treatment of patients with this disease.'--Doody's ReviewsWith an emphasis on multidisciplinary collaboration and decision-making, this practical resource reflects the extraordinary advances in the treatment of prostate cancer during the past five years. Approximately thirty international, leading-edge investigators describe the most current evidence-based approaches to prostate cancer treatment. The book provides a comprehensive view of the entire spectrum of prostate cancer management from initial screening through novel and experimental treatments that have the potential for a major impact on practice.The book first reviews fundamental issues including epidemiology, screening, risk reduction, diagnosis and pathologic characterization, staging, and imaging. This includes strategies for improving the accuracy of PSA screening and an update on controversies surrounding the ISUP Modified Gleason Score. The book covers novel molecular and genotype profiling in prostate cancer, including morphometric and systems pathology. Detailed information is provided on radiographic imaging for diagnosis and staging. The treatment sections of the book correspond to the staging of disease. The treatment of localized disease addresses the range of multidisciplinary management options including a discussion of prostate cancer's impact on the quality of life. A detailed review of multimodal therapies (medical, surgical, and radiologic) addresses the treatment of localized advanced disease, and coverage of advanced metastatic prostate cancer reviews current management options including a range of promising novel and experimental agents. The book also discusses counseling the high-risk patient. Several chapters incorporate models of care delivery, patient navigation for multidisciplinary care, genomic and risk assessment, and comparative effects of research in treatment decision-making. The book is designed as a management text for all health care professionals who provide care for prostate cancer patients as well as patients, families, and advocates. Extensive references offer opportunities for additional study.Key Features:Delineates a practical, concise approach to multidisciplinary management of prostate cancerProvides a wide range of perspectives and expertiseWritten and edited by an international, multidisciplinary team of prostate cancer specialistsFocuses on such key issues as special populations, screening controversies, patient counseling, and quality of lifeIncludes discussion of important emerging topics such as gene profiling and targeted therapies and comparative effectiveness data

Do you manage patients with prostate cancer? Could you use an expert guide examining all possible management options? Prostate Cancer: diagnosis and clinical management providesurologists and oncologists of all levels with up-to-date, evidence-based guidance to the diagnosis, treatment and clinical management of a disease which accounts for a quarter of all cancers affecting men. Designed to be as practical and accessible as possible, leading experts discuss key issues in prostate cancer management and examine how to deliver best practice in the clinical care of their patients. Topics covered include: What must be considered when counseling newly-diagnosed cancer patients Radical surgery options for prostate cancer Novel therapies for localized prostate cancer How should metastatic prostate cancer be diagnostic and managed What are the best methods of administering end of life care for the patient Brought to you by a highly experienced editor team, and containing key points, management algorithms, practice tips and the latest AUA and EAU clinical guidelines, this is the ideal consultation tool for doctors both on the wards and in the office.

PSA screening remains highly controversial due to several important disadvantages. More PSA is produced with prostatic enlargement and in other benign conditions such as urinary tract infections. False positive tests can then lead to unnecessary diagnostic workup with invasive prostate biopsy. Another major problem with screening programs in general is overdiagnosis of cancers that would not have caused harm during the patient's lifetime. For example, many prostate cancers have a relatively indolent behavior so may not require diagnosis or treatment in a patient with limited life expectancy. All forms of prostate cancer treatment have potential urinary and sexual side effects, so reducing overdiagnosis and overtreatment are critical public health issues. Because screening has many proven benefits but also significant harms, there are widely disparate guidelines on prostate cancer screening from major organizations worldwide. This issue of the Urologic Clinics will provide insights into the many different prostate cancer guidelines and related policy issues.

Prostate cancer is a fast-changing field, and recent advances have significantly improved both the survival and quality of life of many men diagnosed with the disease. As well as providing comprehensive information on the diagnosis, staging and management of the disease, the eighth edition of this ever-popular handbook is an invaluable update on new developments, including: • Evidence for the debate surrounding PSA screening • A better understanding of molecular and genetic advances • The latest methods of delivering radiotherapy • New drug treatments for castrate-resistant prostate cancer • Important discussion of survivorship issues This superbly illustrated handbook is a practical resource for all those who provide support and care for men with prostate cancer – including GPs, nurses and allied health professionals – as well as a refreshingly readable source of information for patients wanting to know more about their condition and its treatment.

Based on the highly successful first edition of Prostate Biopsy: Indications, Techniques, and Complications, this new volume presents new concepts that have emerged in answer to current questions from its audience. Many new perspectives and technologies are presented, many from the authors'internationally recognized work on the topic. Substantial developments in techniques and complications are explored in detail. The chapter authors comprise a complete spectrum of specialists in their respective subject areas. All authors are internationally accepted as the premier authorities on their chosen topics. Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: PSA, Biopsy, and Beyond presents new data on the controversial issue of PSA screening and thresholds as indication to perform biopsy. Office based transrectal saturation biopsy is covered in detail. Other topics explored include template guided biopsy and image-guided biopsy as well as a completely new paradigm for prevention of complications.Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: PSA, Biopsy, and Beyond will be of great value and utility to all practicing urologists.

The thoroughly updated and revised third edition of Management of Prostate Cancer provides concise and authoritative guidance to today's best therapeutic regimens for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Highlighting the latest major advances in the field, the book includes chapters on the most controversial areas of prostate cancer – screening, chemoprevention, and active surveillance; updated chapters on genetic risk and progression, biopsy schemes, treatment of complications, and comparative treatment outcomes for surgery; and new chapters on risk factors, new markers, nomograms, and focal therapy. This volume also features overviews of new and emerging drugs and treatment paradigms for castrate resistant disease, advances that promise to extend life and perhaps even cure a subset of men with metastatic disease.With its comprehensive illustrations and contributions from renowned experts in the field, Management of Prostate Cancer, 3rd Edition is an invaluable resource for practitioners in the treatment of prostate cancer.

This book covers all the practical issues related to the interpretation of prostatic biopsies in day-to-day practice, including: biopsy sampling and processing; the diagnosis of limited cancer; differentiation of prostate cancers from benign lesions and recognition of histologic variants; the recognition and clinical significance of “atypical” diagnoses and HGPIN; the identification of recently described entities; the contemporary approach to Gleason grading; the utility of immunohistochemical markers and emerging molecular markers; and the reporting of prostate biopsies. Algorithms, flow charts, and tables are used throughout to simulate the thought and decision-making process upon encountering common clinical scenarios during sign-out of prostate biopsy. The book is richly illustrated with carefully selected, high-quality color images and will appeal especially to practicing surgical pathologists as well as pathology residents and fellows in training.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a disease with high incidence and prevalence. Early detection of PCa has been an area for research to decrease its morbidity and mortality. The discovery of prostate specific antigen (PSA) revolutionized screening of PCa, which was largely dependent on detection of prostatic acid phosphatase and digital rectal examination. Several leading organizations and cancer societies, based on present evidence, have published their recommendations for its use in detection and monitoring of PCa. There has been difference in opinions on its appropriate threshold value to recommend prostate biopsy and benefits on health outcomes due to its use in screening. This new book presents and discusses current research in the study of PCa and it's role in the screening of prostate cancer.

This book effectively summarizes our knowledge of recent advances in prostate cancer. It focuses on our state-of-the-art understanding of risk factors, prevention, detection, prognosis and treatment of prostate cancer and identifies basic science findings that are being translated into clinical practice. In addition, the book singles out key areas of research that have potential for clinical translation. Both basic scientists and clinicians will be invited to provide up-to-date reviews in each area of prostate cancer.During the last decade the pace of clinical discovery and the scientific advances in prostate cancer have been very rapid. For instance, currently there are more than 100 drugs in the pharmaceutical pipeline that have the potential for clinical management of prostate cancer. Therefore, it has been very difficult for clinicians and basic scientists to keep pace with the field as a whole. Recently, some of these discoveries are already having an impact on clinical practice. For example, the discovery of the androgen receptor gene amplification in prostate cancer has led to the development of a “super-antiandrogen”, which is being tested in clinical trials. Also, recent knowledge of androgen synthesis in prostate cancer cells has led to clinical trials with steroid-metabolism inhibitors. Finally, robotic surgery has also dramatically changed clinical practice. Thus, this important book serves to provide readers with a one-stop overview of the field of prostate cancer research and its translation into the clinical arena.

Most men with BPH can be diagnosed and managed in the primary care setting. In choosing appropriate treatment, clinicians must take into account not only the nature and severity of symptoms but also the preferences of the patient and his immediate family, cost–benefit considerations and long-term effectiveness of therapy. Written by two leading urologists,'Fast Facts: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia'provides a refreshingly readable, practical overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of BPH including: • Use of DRE and PSA results to discriminate between prostate cancer and BPH • An evidence-based review of the latest medical therapies • A concise overview of the surgical and minimally invasive treatment options • When to refer to a urologist There is important work to do to raise awareness of men's health issues in general and the problem of BPH in particular. Lower urinary tract symptoms are among the commonest reasons for a man to consult his doctor, and this ever-popular book – the first 7th edition in the Fast Facts series – remains a must-read for all primary care providers. Contents: • Pathophysiology • Diagnosis • Medical management • Traditional surgical treatment options • Minimally invasive treatment options • Considerations in treatment decisions • Issues in BPH • Useful resources

Prostate cancer is one of the commonest cancers in men in the western world, and the prevalence is rising currently due to improvements in screening and treatment. Serum PSA represents a useful marker of disease. It has frequently a long natural history, creating the opportunities for multiple sequential therapeutic interventions. For patients with high risk local disease or with metastases, endocrine therapy is central to management. Hormone ablation has long been the mainstay of endocrine therapy in this group of patients, though anti-androgens, oestrogens and corticosteroids can also cause remissions. In recent years effective and well-tolerated chemotherapy regimens have been developed and evaluated. Docetaxel has an established role, and a range of biologically-targeted agents are in development. The dominant pattern of metastatic spread is to the axial skeleton and most symptomatic care is directed to palliation of bone pain. The role of bisphosphonates remains controversial, but bone-directed isotopes such as Strontium-89 are effective. Part of the Oxford Oncology Library, this pocketbook summarises the up-to-date information on the use of systemic therapies in the management of prostate cancer (early stage, metastatic disease, and treatment of'biochemical'recurrence). With contributions from leading oncologists from both Europe and the USA, the book provides a practical guide to the range of endocrine and cytotoxic therapies currently available to clinicians, as well as to other palliative anticancer strategies, and will be valuable to all health professionals involved in the management of patients with prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a disease with high incidence and prevalence. It is the most common noncutaneous malignancy among men in the U.S. Discovery of prostate specific antigen (PSA) revolutionized screening of PCa which was largely dependent on detection of prostatic and phosphatase and digital rectal examination. This book reviews the use of PSA as a biomarker and the various aspects of the possible role of PSA in prostate cancer. Moreover, the N-glycan structures described in PSA are examined from different origins, such as prostate tumour cell lines, seminal plasma from healthy donors, serum from PCa and prostate BPH patients. This book also sheds light on the potential clinical utility of cell-free DNA for prostate cancer screening, diagnosis and prognosis and assesses the attributes of circulating DNA in its environment. Recent advances and clinical trials in immunotherapy for prostate cancer are highlighted, along with an emphasis on those that employ prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a target. Other chapters evaluate post prostatectomy PSA level and its association with prostate cancer relapse. PSA and signal transduction in Prostate Cancer and PSA in bone metastases and its connection to the immune system are examined as well.

More than one in six men will develop prostate cancer in their lifetime. In recent years there has been an explosion of information regarding PSA screening and biomarkers for the disease. In Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, the world's leading experts on prostate cancer detection update the first edition with the latest findings. The book incorporates a series of thoughtful and cutting-edge works from the world's experts in prostate cancer screening, ranging from the current status quo of prostate cancer screening across the globe to consensus on optimal utilization of the traditional PSA and DRE tests, to cutting-edge research in new biomarkers, biomeasures, and extended risk algorithms for prostate cancer. An additional chapter covers family-based linkage analysis as well as possible pitfalls in prostate cancer biomarker evaluation studies. Timely and authoritative, Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, is an essential text for urologists, oncologists and family physicians, as well as researchers in the biomarker industry who seek methods to better develop and support markers and measures of prostate cancer.