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3. Evaluation of a recycling process for discarded integrated circuits using physical separation methods.

Author

Puspita, Angella Natalia Ghea, Triastomo, Rahmadhani, Andrameda, Yurian Ariandi, Triaswinanti, Rininta, Kurniawan, Kurniawan, Soefihara, Muhammad Dzikri Ahira, Purnama, Farrel Alvian, Soefihara, Muhammad Dzikra Ulya, Permatasari, Nur Vita, Oktian, Ridha Cindra, and Mujianto

Subjects
*WASTE recycling, *INTEGRATED circuits, *MAGNETIC separation, *COPPER, *ELECTRONIC equipment, *ELECTRONIC waste management, *ELECTRONIC waste
Abstract

The rapid generation of electronic waste (e-waste), a waste stream containing hazardous materials, has led to a global concern. There is a need for developing the proper treatment of e-waste. Due to the high concentration of valuable metals, e-waste has been considered as potential metal resources. Extensive studies have been given to develop recycling methods for various e-waste (mostly waste printed circuit boards/WPCBs), but less attention has been paid to the recycling of discarded integrated circuits (ICs), which are vital components of modern electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Thus, present study aims at developing a recycling process for discarded ICs using physical separation methods comprising size reduction and magnetic separation. It was concluded that the magnetic separation method was capable of recovering almost all of iron, nickel and cobalt into magnetic fraction, while enriching copper in the non-magnetic fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Socio-economic baseline, economic feasibility study and processing activities ASGM in Obi Island, South Halmahera District, North Maluku Province, Indonesia.

Author

Puspita, Angella Natalia Ghea, Sudiyanto, Yanto, Haryanto, Irwan, and Madra, Quinta Nadya

Subjects
SOCIOECONOMICS, GOLD mining, MERCURY, GOLD ores
Abstract

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the mining of gold deposits with simple physical and chemical characteristics using simple equipment and technology. In 2005, total mercury release in the environment in ASGM was more than twice from this sector, around 35% of total mercury, with an annual estimate at 727 tons, becoming the largest global resource of anthropogenic mercury release. In Indonesia, total mercury released to the environment is estimated at 340 metric tons per year and also among the top 3 global emitters of mercury, with 57.5% from the ASGM sector, 60% is emitted to the air, 20% to water, and the remaining 20% to land. The location of artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in this study are in Anggai Village and Air Mangga Village in Obi Sub-district, South Halmahera District, North Maluku Province. Amalgamation has been the preferred method for treating the gold ores in both Anggai and Air Mangga Villages. The methodology provides a suggested approach for collecting and analyzing data and guidance for analyzing policy, regulatory, and institutional aspects and health aspects in the ASGM sector, mainly covering the socio-economic of ASGM research methodology. An assessment of the practicality of a proposed plan or project is also called Feasibility Study. The objective of this research was to describe the socioeconomic impact and feasibility of gold processing of ASGM in Obi Island, South Halmahera District, North Maluku Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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7. PELUANG PERTUMBUHAN DAN PROSPEK PASAR DAUR ULANG BATERAI DI ASIA PASIFIK

Author

Puspita, Angella Natalia Ghea, Haryanto, Irwan, Salsabila, Arini Mulia, and hapid, Abdul

Abstract

The increasing use of lithium-ion batteries in the world has led to an increase in interest in battery raw materials and has also increased the waste generated from used batteries that are no longer used. This is also due to the increasing use of batteries in electronics and the increasing sales of electric cars in the world. The process of recycling lithium-ion batteries in the world is predicted to increase due to the limited availability of preparation components. Geographically, Asia Pacific generates USD 1,15 billion in revenue in terms of battery recycling. The existence of a battery energy storage policy has contributed greatly to the growth of battery recycling in Asia Pacific. Asia Pacific is the largest and fastest growing lithium-ion battery recycling market region, as there many companies undertaking similar activated in the region, especially in China. At present, China as well as in the world, pyromettalurgical recycling technology is widely used to recover nickel and cobalt. However, lithium was left as slag because it was considered less profitable. Current recycling technology is based on lead and lithium-ion batteries. Lead battery recycling is well developed and accounts for 50% of lead batteries produced. This processing technology could pave the way for lithium-ion battery recycling. However, in practice recovery of lithium and other precious metals is not easy given the difference in structure and characteristic between lead and lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, the use of pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical technologies is combined to increase the efficiency of the process. According to the Agency of Central Statistics (BPS) in 2016, in Indonesia there was the use of lithium-ion batteries in power bank at 14 million unit/year, emergency lights at 900 thousand/year, and other household electrical applicance at 1,2 million units/year. Currently in Indonesia, there is already an electric vehicle recycling company, namely PT. Indonesia Puqing Recycling Technology in Morowali, Central Sulawesi. This company already has the right technology and is ready to produce batteries from the recycle process. Unfortunately, to carry out its production, PT. Indonesia Puqing Recycling Technology is still having problems with licensing related to aspects of Toxic and Hazardous Material (B3) waste.

Published
2021

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