41 results on '"Pyrobombus"'
Search Results
2. A taxonomic re-assessment of the widespread oriental bumblebee Bombus flavescens (Hymenoptera, Apidae).
- Author
-
Thanoosing, Chawatat, Orr, Michael C., Warrit, Natapot, Vogler, Alfried P., and Williams, Paul H.
- Subjects
- *
APIDAE , *HYMENOPTERA , *BUMBLEBEES , *PLEISTOCENE Epoch , *BAR codes , *SPECIES - Abstract
Bombus flavescens Smith is one of the most widespread bumblebee species in the Oriental region. Due to colour polymorphisms, this species or species-complex has been a challenge for taxonomy. This study aims to assess the taxonomic status of the flavescens-complex using evidence from COI barcodes and morphology. We then reconstruct its biogeographic history from a phylogenetic analysis of populations across the current range, combining COI with 16S and nuclear PEPCK data. Despite a large range of polymorphisms across its distribution, the results show that B. flavescens is a single species based on algorithmic species delimitation methods, and it is clearly separated from its sister species, B. rotundiceps Friese. We suggest that B. flavescens diverged from its sister lineage in the Himalaya and dispersed into Southeast Asia in the Pleistocene. Conservation of the widespread B. flavescens will need to consider its several unique island populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Distant but related: genetic structure in the circum-boreal bumblebee Bombus jonellus (Kirby, 1802)
- Author
-
Grigory S. Potapov, Pierre Rasmont, A. A. Tomilova, Kimberly Przybyla, Guillaume Ghisbain, Yulia S. Kolosova, Nicolas Brasero, Baptiste Martinet, Ivan N. Bolotov, Ella Zambra, and Alexander V. Kondakov more...
- Subjects
Bombus jonellus ,biology ,Boreal ,Ecology ,Fauna ,Genetic structure ,Pyrobombus ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Beringia ,Bumblebee ,Gene flow - Abstract
Whilst the Arctic and boreal bumblebee fauna is increasingly studied worldwide, information is missing about the genetic connections between circum-boreal populations of some widespread species, especially those living in remote regions like North-East Siberia and Alaska. Here, we study one of the most common boreal bumblebee species, Bombus (Pyrobombus) jonellus (Kirby, 1802), as a model to investigate current circum-boreal genetic connections and relations with relictual populations in its post-glacial refugia in Southern Europe. Our haplotype network analysis based on a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene reveals two main conspecific lineages, one in Europe including the Southern relictual populations from the Pyrenees and the second comprising Eastern Palearctic and Nearctic populations. However, West-Siberian populations of Bombus jonellus share haplotypes with the two distinct lineages. These results could indicate a postglacial, multidirectional and circum-boreal recolonization both in Europe and East-Palearctic from refugia in Siberia, in addition to other recolonization ways from Southern European refugia and Beringia. These findings highlight that a priori distant and isolated conspecific populations of B. jonellus could presently remain connected or have only presented a recent break in gene flow. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Bombus (Pyrobombus) johanseni Sladen, 1919, a valid North American bumble bee species, with a new synonymy and comparisons to other 'red-banded' bumble bee species in North America (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini)
- Author
-
Cory S. Sheffield, Ryan Oram, and Jennifer Heron
- Subjects
Insecta ,Kulbastavia ,synonymy ,Subspecies ,Carbotriplurida ,DNA barcoding ,Bombini ,Arctic ,morphology ,lcsh:Zoology ,melanism ,Bilateria ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Pterygota ,biology ,Cenozoic ,Cephalornis ,Melecta luctuosa ,Circumscriptional names ,Boltonocostidae ,Geography ,Tiphiinae ,Biogeography ,Circumscriptional name ,Pyrobombus ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Exebotrigona ,Neogene ,Apoidea ,Research Article ,Coelenterata ,bumble bee ,Arthropoda ,Pseudaugochlora ,Hymenopterida ,USA and Canada ,Nephrozoa ,Zoology ,Protostomia ,Basal ,Apidae ,Circumscriptional names of the taxon under ,Holarctic ,Systematics ,Holarctic species ,Biodiversity & Conservation ,DNA barcode ,Animalia ,Eumetabola ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Arctic bumble bee DNA barcode Holarctic species melanism morphology synonymy ,Holotype ,biology.organism_classification ,Strashila incredibilis ,Hymenoptera ,Bombus ,Taxon ,Notchia ,North America ,Ecdysozoa ,Animal Science and Zoology - Abstract
The bumble bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini, Bombus Latreille) fauna of the Nearctic and Palearctic regions are considered well known, with a few species occurring in both regions (i.e., with a Holarctic distribution), but much of the Arctic, especially in North America, remains undersampled or unsurveyed. Several bumble bee taxa have been described from northern North America, these considered either valid species or placed into synonymy with other taxa. However, some of these synonymies were made under the assumption of variable hair colour only, without detailed examination of other morphological characters (e.g., male genitalia, hidden sterna), and without the aid of molecular data. Recently, Bombus interacti Martinet, Brasero & Rasmont, 2019 was described from Alaska where it is considered endemic; based on both morphological and molecular data, it was considered a taxon distinct from B. lapponicus (Fabricius, 1793). Bombus interacti was also considered distinct from B. gelidus Cresson, 1878, a taxon from Alaska surmised to be a melanistic form of B. lapponicus sylvicola Kirby, 1837, the North American subspecies (Martinet et al. 2019). Unfortunately, Martinet et al. (2019) did not have DNA barcode sequences (COI) for females of B. interacti, but molecular data for a melanistic female specimen matching the DNA barcode sequence of the holotype of B. interacti have been available in the Barcodes of Life Data System (BOLD) since 2011. Since then, additional specimens have been obtained from across northern North America. Also unfortunate was that B. sylvicola var. johanseni Sladen, 1919, another melanistic taxon described from far northern Canada, was not considered. Bombus johanseni is here recognized as a distinct taxon from B. lapponicus sylvicola Kirby, 1837 (sensuMartinet et al. 2019) in the Nearctic region, showing the closest affinity to B. glacialis Friese, 1902 of the Old World. As the holotype male of B. interacti is genetically identical to material identified here as B. johanseni, it is placed into synonymy. Thus, we consider B. johanseni a widespread species occurring across arctic and subarctic North America in which most females are dark, with rarer pale forms (i.e., “interacti”) occurring in and seemingly restricted to Alaska. In addition to B. johanseni showing molecular affinities to B. glacialis of the Old World, both taxa also inhabit similar habitats in the arctic areas of both Nearctic and Palearctic, respectively. It is also likely that many of the specimens identified as B. lapponicus sylvicola from far northern Canada and Alaska might actually be B. johanseni, so that should be considered for future studies of taxonomy, distribution, and conservation assessment of North American bumble bees. more...
- Published
- 2020
5. Bombus (Pyrobombus) jonellus (Kirby, 1802) in the north-western Russian Plain: its distribution and ecology
- Author
-
YuS Kolosova and Grigory S. Potapov
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Ecology (disciplines) ,Species distribution ,010607 zoology ,Bumblebees ,Distribution (economics) ,Apidae ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,European North of Russia ,habitat preference ,Genetics ,Animalia ,Bumblebees European North of Russia species range habitat preference ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,biology ,Ecology ,business.industry ,%22">Bombus ,species range ,biology.organism_classification ,Hymenoptera ,Bombus ,Geography ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,business ,Apoidea ,Bombus jonellus - Abstract
The fauna and ecology of bumblebees in the European North are quite well-studied. However, there is a scarcity of information about the distribution and ecology of certain species of bumblebees, especially for the territory of Northern Russia. In this study, we summarised materials concerning Bombus (Pyrobombus) jonellus (Kirby, 1802), which is typical bumblebee species for the north-western portion of the Russian Plain and surrounding areas. The studied territory includes the Arkhangelsk Region and the western part of the Nenets Autonomous District, i.e. a wide strip from taiga to tundra ecosystems. Due to the studies of materials that were collected over a period 17 years, we established thatB. jonellusis widely distributed and the northern border of its range within the studied region reaches the northern part of the Kanin Peninsula. In the north-western Russian Plain,B. jonellushas been found in various types of habitats, the most common being coniferous and birch forests, secondary meadows and ruderal patches. In the Solovetsky Islands, White Sea, Russia,B. jonellusis typical on coastal heathlands. In the northern part of the studied region,B. jonellushas a tendency to forage in open habitats and visits a wide range of entomophilous plants, mostly of the family Ericaceae. Our findings highlight that the territory of the north-western Russian Plain and surrounding areas is whereB. jonellusis widely distributed and abundant, being recorded in different types of habitats. more...
- Published
- 2020
6. Bombus flavescens Specimen Database
- Author
-
Thanoosing, Chawatat, Vogler, Alfried, and Williams, Paul H
- Subjects
pyrobombus ,bumblebee ,asia - Abstract
List of Bombus flavescens specimens (the FLA database) including FLA ID, collection (MNHN= Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; NHMUK= Natural History Museum, London, UK; NMNL= Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; PHW= Paul H. Williams research collection, UK; ROM= Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada), collection ID, species name, collecting date (dd/mm/yyyy),year and month (Jan=January; Feb=February; Mar=March; Apr=April; May=May; Jun=June; Jul=July; Aug=August; Sep=September; Oct=October; Nov=November; Dec=December), collecting site with georeferences (latitude and longitude), elevation(m), collector, and caste (Worker and Queen=Female; Male); NA= not available. This dataset is a part of the Chawatat Thanoosing PhD project. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Preadaptation to the vertical: an extra dimension to the natural history and nesting habits of the Tree Bumble Bee,Bombus (Pyrobombus) hypnorum
- Author
-
Oliver E. Prŷs-Jones
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Community ,Ecology ,Context (language use) ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,Bombus hypnorum ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,01 natural sciences ,Colonisation ,Natural history ,010602 entomology ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Urban ecology ,Insect Science ,Nesting (computing) ,Pyrobombus - Abstract
The Tree Bumble Bee, Bombus hypnorum, is a native of forest environments but has now successfully colonised urban areas. To better understand its success in an anthropogenic context, this review co... more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Validating Morphometrics with DNA Barcoding to Reliably Separate Three Cryptic Species of Bombus Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
- Author
-
Desiree L. Narango, Aliza B. Fassler, Dennis E. Johnson, Joseph S. Elkinton, Jeremy C. Andersen, and Joan Milam
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Species complex ,Bombus vagans ,Bombus sandersoni ,Hymenoptera ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,DNA barcoding ,Article ,lcsh:Science ,Morphometrics ,Apidae ,biology ,Bombus perplexus ,biology.organism_classification ,010602 entomology ,Evolutionary biology ,Sympatric speciation ,Insect Science ,Pyrobombus ,lcsh:Q ,Subgenus ,malar ratio ,Bombini ,Apoidea - Abstract
Simple Summary Evidence of bumble bee population declines has led to an increase in conservation efforts to protect these important pollinators. However, effective conservation requires accurate species identification. We provide quantitative methods to accurately identify three cryptic species of bumble bees using morphometric measurements of the cheek length and width, and antennal segments. We validated the accuracy of our methods with DNA analysis. We predicted that these methods would reliably identify both the queens and worker bees of Bombus vagans and B. sandersoni. We expanded these methods to include an uncommon form of Bombus perplexus with all light hair on its thorax, rather than the more common light on top and dark below, that can mistakenly be identified as B. vagans or B. sandersoni. Although the species we consider here, Bombus vagans, B. sandersoni and B. perplexus, are not currently listed as species of concern in North America, there is uncertainty of their population status, some of which is due to difficulty in species identification, which we have resolved. Recent history informs us that some bumble bee species experience rapid declines within a few decades. Our methods to correctly identify these cryptic species is key to monitoring their status and population trends. Abstract Despite their large size and striking markings, the identification of bumble bees (Bombus spp.) is surprisingly difficult. This is particularly true for three North American sympatric species in the subgenus Pyrobombus that are often misidentified: B. sandersoni Franklin, B. vagans Smith B. perplexus Cresson. Traditionally, the identification of these cryptic species was based on observations of differences in hair coloration and pattern and qualitative comparisons of morphological characters including malar length. Unfortunately, these characteristics do not reliably separate these species. We present quantitative morphometric methods to separate these species based on the malar length to width ratio (MRL) and the ratios of the malar length to flagellar segments 1 (MR1) and 3 (MR3) for queens and workers, and validated our determinations based on DNA barcoding. All three measurements discriminated queens of B. sandersoni and B. vagans with 100% accuracy. For workers, we achieved 99% accuracy by combining both MR1 and MR3 measurements, and 100% accuracy differentiating workers using MRL. Moreover, measurements were highly repeatable within and among both experienced and inexperienced observers. Our results, validated by genetic evidence, demonstrate that malar measurements provide accurate identifications of B. vagans and B. sandersoni. There was considerable overlap in the measurements between B. perplexus and B. sandersoni. However, these species can usually be reliably separated by combining malar ratio measurements with other morphological features like hair color. The ability to identify bumble bees is key to monitoring the status and trends of their populations, and the methods we present here advance these efforts. more...
- Published
- 2020
9. Integrative taxonomy of an arctic bumblebee species complex highlights a new cryptic species (Apidae: Bombus)
- Author
-
Maxence Gérard, Irena Valterová, Pierre Rasmont, Baptiste Martinet, Nicolas Brasero, Denis Michez, Thomas Lecocq, Jan Ove Gjershaug, Klára Urbanová, Laboratoire de Zoologie [Mons], University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Université de Mons (UMons), Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), University of Praha, and university of Praha more...
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Species complex ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,[SDV.SA.ZOO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny ,[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,[SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,biology ,Bombus lapponicus ,Apidae ,Ecology ,[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,biology.organism_classification ,[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,Arctic ,[SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies ,[SDV.SA.STP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of fishery ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Bombus sylvicola ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
Bumblebees have been the focus of much research, but the taxonomy of many species groups is still unclear, especially for circumpolar species. Delimiting species based on multisource datasets provides a solution to overcome current systematic issues of closely related populations. Here, we use an integrative taxonomic approach based on new genetic and eco-chemical datasets to resolve the taxonomic status of Bombus lapponicus and Bombus sylvicola. Our results support the conspecific status of B. lapponicus and B. sylvicola and that the low gradual divergence around the Arctic Circle between Fennoscandia and Alaska does not imply speciation in this species complex. Therefore, based on our molecular and morphological analyses, we propose to assign them subspecific status: Bombus lapponicus lapponicus from Fennoscandia and West Siberia and Bombus lapponicus sylvicola comb. nov. from Alaska and Yukon. In addition, our analyses reveal a cryptic species in the B. lapponicus complex from Alaska, which we describe here as new: Bombus (Pyrobombus) interacti sp. nov. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Developmental Biology among Corbiculate Bees: Bombus impatiens, Including Observations on Its Egg Eclosion
- Author
-
Sarah Kocher, Corey Shepard. Smith, Eli S. Wyman, and Jerome G. Rozen
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Archeology ,History ,Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Offspring ,Zoology ,Apidae ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Bombus impatiens ,Animalia ,Taxonomy ,Larva ,biology ,fungi ,Museology ,Biodiversity ,biology.organism_classification ,Hymenoptera ,Brood ,010602 entomology ,Instar ,Pyrobombus ,Impatiens ,Developmental biology - Abstract
This contribution results from an investigation of four commercially obtained colonies of Bombus (Pyrobombus) impatiens Cresson in an attempt to understand the functional anatomy and behavior of its immature stages. Eggs are described in detail, and their chorionic microstructure is contrasted with that of Bombus (Cullumanobombus) griseocollis (De Geer). They are deposited in groups consisting of a few to more than nine eggs into a single chamber. The study confirms that larvae pass through four instars. Although increasing in size dramatically from one instar to the next, larval anatomy and behavior change little during the first three instars. The last instar is the one that commences defecation and production of silk resulting in cocoon construction. In contrast to most bees, its larval activities result in substantial changes in size and shape of its brood chamber, whereas brood chambers of most bees are constructed by the female and modified little by the offspring. This study is a part of a series of investigations into the similarities and differences in the developmental biologies among corbiculate bees. more...
- Published
- 2018
11. Global decline of bumblebees is phylogenetically structured and inversely related to species range size and pathogen incidence
- Author
-
Marcelo A. Aizen, Carolina L. Morales, Marina Arbetman, Gabriela Gleiser, and Paul H. Williams
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Range (biology) ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Species distribution ,POLLINATOR DECLINE ,Extinction, Biological ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ciencias Biológicas ,03 medical and health sciences ,IUCN RED LIST ,Nosema ,Crithidia ,LOCUSTACARUS BUCHNERI ,IUCN Red List ,Animals ,Locustacarus buchneri ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Bumblebee ,Ecosystem ,Phylogeny ,General Environmental Science ,Global Change and Conservation ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,biology ,Ecology ,Incidence ,General Medicine ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,NOSEMA SPP ,030104 developmental biology ,CRITHIDIA BOMBI ,Threatened species ,Pyrobombus ,Conservation biology ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,BOMBUS ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Conservation biology can profit greatly from incorporating a phylogenetic perspective into analyses of patterns and drivers of species extinction risk. We applied such an approach to analyse patterns of bumblebee (Bombus) decline. We assembled a database representing approximately 43% of the circa 260 globally known species, which included species extinction risk assessments following the International Union fo Conservation of Nature Red List categories and criteria, and information on species traits presumably associated with bumblebee decline. We quantified the strength of phylogenetic signal in decline, range size, tongue length and parasite presence. Overall, about one-third of the assessed bumblebees are declining and declining species are not randomly distributed across the Bombus phylogeny. Susceptible species were over-represented in the subgenus Thoracobombus (approx. 64%) and under-represented in the subgenus Pyrobombus (approx. 6%). Phylogenetic logistic regressions revealed that species with small geographical ranges and those in which none of three internal parasites were reported (i.e. Crithidia bombi, Nosema spp. or Locustacarus buchneri) were particularly vulnerable. Bumblebee evolutionary history will be deeply eroded if most species from threatened clades, particularly those stemming from basal nodes, become finally extinct. The habitat of species with restricted distribution should be protected and the importance of pathogen tolerance/ resistance as mechanisms to deal with pathogens needs urgent research. Fil: Arbetman, Marina Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; Argentina Fil: Gleiser, Gabriela Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Williams, Paul. British Museum (natural History); Reino Unido Fil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2017
12. PCR reveals high prevalence of non/low sporulating Nosema bombi (microsporidia) infections in bumble bees (Bombus) in Northern Arizona
- Author
-
James P. Strange, Neil S. Cobb, Elizabeth A. Blaker, Rosalind R. James, and Fernando P. Monroy
- Subjects
High prevalence ,biology ,%22">Bombus ,Arizona ,Zoology ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,Microsporidiosis ,medicine.disease ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Spore ,Nosema ,Botany ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Animals ,Pyrobombus ,Pathogen ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nosema bombi - Abstract
About 20% of bumble bee species are in decline in North America, and the microsporidian pathogen, Nosema bombi, has been correlated with these declines. We conducted a comprehensive survey of N. bombi infections in the bumble bee communities throughout the flight season along an elevation gradient in Northern Arizona. Focusing on two species, Bombus (Pyrobombus) huntii and Bombus (Pyrobombus) centralis, we used a combination of PCR and microscopy to distinguish between sporulating and non/low, sporulating N. bombi infections. Surprisingly high levels of PCR-positive infections with no detectable spore loads were found in B. huntii (31-63%) and B. centralis (56.5-66.5%), while the prevalence of sporulating infections was low (3.0-11.8% and 0-12.9% respectively). We determined the prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infection in six other co-occurring, but rarer, bumble bee species (0-62.5%,), but did not test them using PCR. The prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infections in B. (Bombias) nevadensis was significantly higher than in either B. huntii or B. centralis (29%). The declining bumble bee, Bombus sensu strico occidentalis, had the highest prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infections (62.5%), but we purposely captured very few B. occidentalis because of its declining status. PCR was a more sensitive measure of N. bombi prevalence and revealed that wild bumble bees have a much higher prevalence of N. bombi than has previously been recognized. Microscopy and PCR together provide complementary, not redundant, information that deepens our understanding of the dynamic interactions between N. bombi and their bumble bee hosts. more...
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The Status of Cockerell's Bumblebee,Bombus(Pyrobombus)cockerelliFranklin, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
- Author
-
Douglas Yanega
- Subjects
Forage (honey bee) ,Ecology ,biology ,Apidae ,Range (biology) ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Nest ,Insect Science ,Pyrobombus ,Identification (biology) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Bumblebee - Abstract
Herein I summarize what is known about Cockerell's bumblebee, Bombus cockerelli Franklin, a New Mexican bumblebee species whose existence has been largely overlooked for decades because of a combination of rarity, geographic restriction, and taxonomic confusion. It is noteworthy that the known distribution covers only about 777 km2, giving it the smallest known range of any bumblebee in the world. There are 34 known specimens, and I present historical details regarding their collection (dates, places, and host plants), deposition, and identification; hopefully, this information will allow others to locate additional specimens of this species. It is further notable that most of the known specimens are late-season queens, and males remain unknown, suggesting that the species may nest and forage in areas of dense forest. more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Monandry and polyandry in three species of North American bumble bees (Bombus) determined using microsatellite DNA markers
- Author
-
E OwenRobin and L WhiddenTroy
- Subjects
biology ,Ecology ,Zoology ,Hymenoptera ,Fecundity ,biology.organism_classification ,Eusociality ,Genetic load ,Microsatellite ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Ploidy ,Mating ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Polyandry, or multiple mating by females, is widespread in insects, and generally females need to mate more than once to achieve maximum fertility and fecundity. However, although monandry by queens (mating with a single male) is the general rule in the eusocial Hymenoptera, polyandry does occur in many species. Since there are associated costs, numerous hypotheses have been proposed to account for its evolution. Two hypotheses are particularly applicable to bumble bees: the genetic load (cost of diploid male production) hypothesis, which predicts monandry in bumble bees, and the resistance to disease hypothesis, which predicts polyandry. We used four DNA microsatellite markers to determine mating frequencies of queens of three species of North American bumble bees: Bombus (Pyrobombus) perplexus Cresson, 1863, Bombus (Bombus s. str.) occidentalis Greene, 1858, and Bombus (Bombus s. str.) terricola Kirby, 1837. No multiply-mated queens were found in either B. terricola (n = 21 colonies) or B. occidentalis (n = 23 colonies). However, 2 out of the 24 B. perplexus colonies were found to have twice-mated queens. This is consistent with other studies which indicate that bumble bees are mostly monoandrous, but that species of the subgenus Pyrobombus Dalla Torre, 1880 are likely to show some degree of polyandry. more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Discrimination of the bumble bee species Bombus occidentalis Greene and B. terricola Kirby by morphometric, colour and RAPD variation
- Author
-
Robin E. Owen and Troy L. Whidden
- Subjects
Morphometrics ,Taxon ,Sympatric speciation ,Botany ,Bombus occidentalis ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Analysis of molecular variance ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,RAPD - Abstract
The taxonomic status of B. terricola Kirby and B. occidentalis Greene has long been questioned. However recent COI gene sequence data suggests that B. occidentalis and B. terricola do represent good biological species. In this paper we test the hypothesis that B. terricola and B. occidentalis are conspecific by using independent morphometric and genetic (RAPD) data. For comparison we also analyzed one consubgeneric species, B. moderatus (now B. crytptarum ), and one non-consubgeneric species B. ( Pyrobombus ) perplexus . Discriminant function analysis of wing morphometric data correctly classified over 85% of the specimens of B. occidentalis and B. terricola . Analysis of molecular variance of the RAPD data showed a significant difference (P < 0.0001) between B. occidentalis and B. terricola . Colour variation from laboratory reared colonies of B. occidentalis suggests that probably two gene locus inheritance is likely but that hybridization as the sole basis for the colour variation seen in the nominate taxon B. occidentalis can be excluded. We conclude that B. terricola and B. occidentalis should be regarded as distinct species which have recently diverged, and that they can be distinguished by wing morphometrics and RAPD genotypes. Where they are sympatric (e.g. in Alberta) colour pattern variation is confined to B. occidentalis . more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Hitchhiking with the Vikings? The anthropogenic bumblebee fauna of Iceland - past and present
- Author
-
Erling Ólafsson, Oliver E. Prŷs-Jones, and Kristjan Kristjánsson
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,biology ,Ecology ,Fauna ,Context (language use) ,Biodiversity ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Colonisation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Atlantic Islands ,030104 developmental biology ,Pollinator ,Pyrobombus ,Biological dispersal ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee ,Taxonomy - Abstract
The number of bumblebee species found in Iceland has doubled from three to six in 35 years. This paper considers the colonisation of Iceland by bumblebees; updates information on Bombus(Pyrobombus) jonellus (Kirby), B. (Megabombus) hortorum (L.) and B. (Bombus) lucorum (L.); presents findings for two new colonists, B. (Pyrobombus) hypnorum (L.) and B. (Thoracobombus) pascuorum (Scopoli); and considers the arrival of another species, B.(Pyrobombus) pratorum (L.), that may have become established. The context of bumblebee dispersal to remote islands is considered. Many of the restricted number of insect species that have colonised North Atlantic islands have done so in association with man. B. (Bombus) terrestris (L.) has been used as a pollinator in glasshouses in Iceland since 1994, and it may also have become naturalised. Barcoding is needed to check the identity of some specimens. B. jonellus has probably been present for at least several hundred years; genetic studies should help determine whet... more...
- Published
- 2016
17. Morphological characterization and staging of bumble bee pupae
- Author
-
Li Tian and Heather M. Hines
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Staging ,lcsh:Medicine ,Morphology (biology) ,Hymenoptera ,Development ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pollinator ,Pupal duration ,Cuticle pigmentation ,Agricultural Science ,Taxonomy ,Apidae ,biology ,General Neuroscience ,fungi ,lcsh:R ,Pupa ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Bumble bee ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Developmental plasticity ,Pyrobombus ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Entomology ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombus) are important pollinators and models for studying mechanisms underlying developmental plasticity, such as factors influencing size, immunity, and social behaviors. Research on such processes, as well as expanding use of gene-manipulation and gene expression technologies, requires a detailed understanding of how these bees develop. Developmental research often uses time-staging of pupae, however dramatic size differences in these bees can generate variation in developmental timing. To study developmental mechanisms in bumble bees, appropriate staging of developing bees using morphology is necessary. In this study, we describe morphological changes across development in several bumble bee species and use this to establish morphology-based staging criteria, establishing 20 distinct illustrated stages. These criteria, defined largely by eye and cuticle pigmentation patterns, are generalizable across members of the subgenus Pyrobombus, and can be used as a framework for study of other bumble bee subgenera. We examine the effects of temperature, caste, size, and species on pupal development, revealing that pupal duration shifts with each of these factors, confirming the importance of staging pupae based on morphology rather than age and the need for standardizing sampling. more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Comparative analysis of volatile components from labial glands of male Japanese bumblebees (Bombus spp.)
- Author
-
Masato Ono and Ryohei Kubo
- Subjects
biology ,Apidae ,Insect Science ,Labial glands ,Botany ,Pheromone ,Pyrobombus ,Reproductive isolation ,Hymenoptera ,Hypocrita ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee - Abstract
The volatile components from the labial glands of males of six Japanese bumblebee species were analyzed and compared. Clear species-specificity was found. Ethyl dodecanoate was identified as the major component from the glands of Bombus (Bombus) hypocrita hypocrita and Bombus (Bombus) hypocrita sapporoensis while dihydrofarnesal and dihydrofarnesol were the major components from Bombus (Bombus) ignitus. Citronellol and trans,trans-farnesol were found from Bombus (Pyrobombus) ardens ardens and Bombus (Diversobombus) diversus diversus, respectively. trans,trans-Farnesol was also found from Bombus (Diversobombus) diversus tersatus in Hokkaido. Such differences strongly suggest that these chemicals play an important role in reproductive isolation between sympatric species of Japanese bumblebees. more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The bumblebees of Sichuan (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)
- Author
-
Paul H. Williams, Ya Tang, Jian Yao, and Sydney A. Cameron
- Subjects
Bombini ,Pollination ,biology ,Apidae ,Ecology ,Pollinator ,Fauna ,Pyrobombus ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee - Abstract
Bumblebees are important pollinators in mountainous regions. The highland region of Sichuan and Chongqing (together, Sichuan in the former broad sense) includes part of the greatest hotspot of bumblebee diversity worldwide, with half of the species of China and more than a fifth of the world's species. In this paper we present the first review of this diverse but particularly poorly known fauna, drawing on 6705 bees from selective samples made by the authors during field work and from museum collections, together with 1123 literature records (an overlapping set). Among this material we recognise 56 species that have 847 names (including infrasubspecific names). One new species, Bombus (Pyrobombus) wangae, is described from Sichuan and Gansu. B. laesus is found to have a colour pattern in this part of its range that was previously undescribed. Six species are recorded from the Sichuan‐Chongqing region for the first time (B. avanus, B. branickii, B. difficillimus B. humilis, B. norvegicus, B. tibet... more...
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. DNA amplification from pin-mounted bumble bees (Bombus) in a museum collection: effects of fragment size and specimen age on successful PCR
- Author
-
James P. Strange, Terry L. Griswold, and Joyce Knoblett
- Subjects
Conservation genetics ,Genetics ,education.field_of_study ,Genetic diversity ,biology ,Apidae ,Population ,Zoology ,biology.organism_classification ,Bombus appositus ,Insect Science ,Bombus huntii ,Pyrobombus ,Microsatellite ,education - Abstract
Historic data in the form of pinned specimens in entomological collections offer the potential to determine trends in genetic diversity of bumble bees (Bombus). We screened eight microsatellite loci in pinned bumble bee specimens from the U. S. National Pollinating Insects Collection. We tested three species (Bombus appositus, Bombus huntii and Bombus occidentalis) representing three subgenera of bumble bees (Subterraneobombus, Pyrobombus and Bombus sensu stricto) respectively. Bombus occidentalis is a species of particular concern for conservation biologists. Single mid-legs of ninety-six individuals from each species were assayed to determine microsatellite amplification success rates of historic material in a museum collection. Microsatellite alleles amplified in specimens up to 101 years old, but the rate of amplification success was significantly lower in material over 60 years of age. Loci with shorter allele sizes amplified more frequently than relatively longer alleles in samples from all age classes. We correlate the age of specimens to the age at which loci fail to amplify and discuss potential impacts of using certain markers for population genetic studies of museum specimens. more...
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Induction of colony initiation by Japanese native bumble bees using cocoons of the exotic bumblebee Bombus terrestris
- Author
-
Masahiro Yoneda
- Subjects
Diversobombus ,biology ,Insect Science ,Bombus terrestris ,Botany ,Pyrobombus ,Introduced species ,Subspecies ,Subgenus ,biology.organism_classification ,Hypocrita ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee - Abstract
The colony initiation rates of Bombus hypocrita (a native Japanese bumblebee) and Bombus terrestris (a European species) foundresses were compared after 4 weeks of exposure to B. terrestris cocoons. The B. terrestris cocoons, when replaced weekly, were effective for inducing oviposition by foundresses of both species. There were no significant differences in the colony initiation rates of B. terrestris and B. hypocrita, either with the control treatment or with the cocoons. The cocoon method was also tested for five species and two subspecies of native Japanese bumblebees. The colony initiation rate was higher for foundresses of the subgenus Bombus s. str. than for foundresses of the subgenera Pyrobombus, Diversobombus, and Thoracobombus. When replaced weekly, the cocoons of B. terrestris are effective inducers of colony foundation in three Japanese native species, namely B. ignitus, B. hypocrita hypocrita, and B. h. sapporoensis. more...
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Absolute configuration of chiral terpenes in marking pheromones of bumblebees and cuckoo bumblebees
- Author
-
Klára Urbanová, Irena Valterová, Anna Luxová, Michael Terzo, and Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Citronellol ,biology ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Zoology ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Catalysis ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sex pheromone ,Drug Discovery ,Labial glands ,Pyrobombus ,Impatiens ,Cuckoo ,Spectroscopy ,Bumblebee - Abstract
The absolute configurations of citronellol, 2,3-dihydrofarnesol, and 2,3-dihydrofarnesal in male marking pheromones of seven species of bumblebees and cuckoo bumblebees were determined by enantioselective gas chromatography on a capillary column coated with 60% heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-TBDMS)-beta-cyclodextrin in polysiloxane PS 268. Pure (-)-S-enantiomers of all three terpenes were found in the labial glands of all investigated specimens of the following species: Bombus (Bombus) terrestris, B. (Bombus) lucorum, B. (Pyrobombus) pratorum, B. (Pyrobombus) pyrenaeus, B. (Pyrobombus) jonellus, B. (Pyrobombus) impatiens, and the cuckoo bumblebee B. (Ashtonipsithyrus) bohemicus. Within species, specimens were collected at different localities and in different years. Except for 2,3-dihydrofarnesol in B. terrestris, this is the first report on the absolute configuration of terpenes in marking pheromones of bumblebees. more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The frequency of multiple paternity in bumble bee ( Bombus ) colonies based on microsatellite DNA at the B10 locus
- Author
-
C. M. Payne, T. M. Laverty, and M. A. Lachance
- Subjects
biology ,Apidae ,Psithyrus ,Zoology ,Population genetics ,Locus (genetics) ,biology.organism_classification ,Apoidea ,Insect Science ,Botany ,Microsatellite ,Pyrobombus ,Subgenus ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
This study used the microsatellite locus B10 to determine the frequency of colonies with multiple patrilines in a previously unexamined group, the North American bumble bees (Bombus). The effective mating frequency (me) was greater than 1 in six of 28 colonies. Five of 11 species tested showed at least one incidence of polyandry: four species from the subgenus Pyrobombus (B. bimaculatus, B. impatiens, B. mixtus, B. ternarius) and one species from the parasitic subgenus Psithyrus (B. citrinus). The B10 locus showed high cross-species amplification success for North American Bombus. more...
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. European bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombini)- phylogenetic relationships inferred from DNA sequences
- Author
-
Vest Pedersen
- Subjects
Ecology ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Psithyrus ,Phylogenetic network ,biology.organism_classification ,Bombini ,Taxon ,Phylogenetics ,Evolutionary biology ,Insect Science ,Botany ,Pyrobombus ,Clade ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The phylogenetics of 40 taxa of European bumblebees were analysed based on PCR amplified and direct sequenced DNA from one region of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (1046 bp) and for 26 taxa from two regions in the nuclear gene Elongation Factor 1α (1056 bp). The sequences were aligned to the corresponding sequences in the honey bee. Phylogenetic analyses based on parsimony, as well as maximum likelihood, indicate that the bumblebees can be separated into several well-supported clades. Most of the terminal clades correspond very well with the clades known from former phylogenetic analyses based on morphology and recognized as the subgenera: Mendacibombus, Confusibombus, Psithyrus, Thoracobombus, Megabombus, Rhodobombus, Kallobombus, Alpinobombus, Subterraneobombus, Alpigenobombus, Pyrobombus, Bombus and Melanobombus. All the cuckoo bumblebees form a well-supported clade, the subgenus Psithyrus, within the true bumblebees. All the analyses place Kallobombus as the most basal taxon in contradiction to former analyses. The other deeper nodes of the phylogenetic trees, which are weakly supported, deviate significantly from former published trees - especially the trees based on mtCO-I. Presumably, the reasons are that multiple hits and the strong bias of the bases A and T blur the relationships in the deepest part of the trees. Analyses of the region in mtCO-I show a very strong A+T bias (A+T= 75%), which also indicate preferences in the use of codons with A or T in third positions. In closely related entities, there is only a weak transversion bias (A+T). In the studied regions in EF 1-α, no nucleotide bias is observed. The observed differences in bases between the investigated taxa are relatively small and the gene is too conserved to solve all the questions that the analyses of the deeper nodes using mtCO-I raise. more...
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Phylogenetic Relationships among Bumble Bees (Bombus, Latreille) Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome b and Cytochrome Oxidase I Sequences
- Author
-
Stella Koulianos and Paul Schmid-Hempel
- Subjects
Paraphyly ,Phylogenetic tree ,Cytochrome b ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Bees ,Biology ,Cytochrome b Group ,biology.organism_classification ,Mitochondria ,Electron Transport Complex IV ,Monophyly ,Species Specificity ,Sister group ,Evolutionary biology ,Botany ,Genetics ,Animals ,Pyrobombus ,Subgenus ,Clade ,Molecular Biology ,Phylogeny ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
We conducted a molecular study intending to derive an estimate of the relationships within the genus Bombus (bumble bees) by comparing the mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes from 19 species, spanning 10 of approximately 16 European subgenera and 3 subgenera from North and South America. Our trees differ from the most recent classifications of bumble bees. Although bootstrap values for deep branches are low, our sequences show significant data structure and low homoplasy, and all trees share some groups and patterns. In all cases, the subgenus Bombus s. str. clusters among the most derived bumble bees, contrary to other molecular studies. In all trees, B. funebris is the sister taxon of B. robustus, and in five of the six trees, B. wurflenii is the sister taxon to this clade. B. nevadensis is basal to the other species in the analysis of the cytochrome b gene, but appears to be among the most derived according to the analysis of the COI region. The species representing the subgenera Thoracobombus and Fervidobombus are consistently among the earliest diverged. Species that appear in very different positions in different trees are B. nevadensis, B. mesomelas, B. balteatus, and B. hyperboreus. All subgenera with two representatives in our analysis are apparently monophyletic except Fervidobombus, Melanobombus, and Pyrobombus. The groups formed by pocket makers and non-pocket makers within Bombus also appear to be paraphyletic, and therefore some subgenera may not accurately reflect phylogeny. more...
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. On the bumblebee fauna of Turkey: II. The genusPyrobombus(Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombinae)
- Author
-
Hikmet Özbek
- Subjects
Apidae ,biology ,Genus ,Fauna ,Botany ,Endangered species ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Hymenoptera ,Subspecies ,biology.organism_classification ,Bumblebee - Abstract
Fifteen species and subspecies of the genus Pyrobombus are recorded in Turkey. They are listed together with their horizontal and altitudinal distribution, habitats and flowers visited. P. serrisquama is recorded for Turkey for the first time. With 2274 specimens collected, P. incertus proved to be the most widespread and abundant species, recorded from about sea level up to more than 3000 m. It was followed by P. niveatus with 1467 specimens and P. soroeensis with 1400 specimens. P. sulfureus was found at only two localities with five specimens, and it should be classified as »endangered«. more...
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A method for year-round rearing of cuckoo bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Bombus subgenus Psithyrus )
- Author
-
Anna Sramkova, Pierre Rasmont, Thomas Lecocq, Manfred Ayasse, Patrick Lhomme, Kirsten Kreuter, Laboratoire de Zoologie (Research Institute of Biosciences), Université de Mons (UMons), Institute of Experimental Ecology, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire de Zoologie [Mons], University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), laboratoire de Zoologie, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS) more...
- Subjects
biology ,Psithyrus ,Inquiline ,Zoology ,Vestalis ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Apoidea ,[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Insect Science ,Botany ,Pyrobombus ,Cuckoo ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Summary. The study of the social interactions between host bumblebees and their inquiline species requires rearing them. Here we provide a simple method for rearing of cuckoo bumblebees (Bombus subgenus Psithyrus) in the laboratory. Two bumblebee cuckoo-host systems are used: Bombus (Psithyrus) vestalis hosted by B. (Bombus) terrestris and B. (Psithyrus) sylvestris hosted by B. (Pyrobombus) pratorum. First, the invasion of the Psithyrus female is performed in species-specific host colonies containing approximately 10 young workers. On average, a parasitized colony of B. terrestris produced 90 ± 9 young males and 21 ± 3 young females of B. vestalis, whereas a parasitized colony of B. pratorum produced 16 ± 2 young males and 5 ± 1 young females of B. sylvestris. One week after emergence, Psithyrus virgin females are placed in a flight cage exposed to natural light, with Psithyrus males of other colonies. After successful mating, the females are isolated and overwintered in a cold room at 4°C for 2–4 months.... more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Le marquage de l'entrée du nid de bourdons
- Author
-
A. Pouvreau
- Subjects
Apidae ,biology ,Ecology ,Bombus lucorum ,Insect Science ,%22">Bombus ,Pyrobombus ,biology.organism_classification ,Chemical communication ,Humanities ,Megabombus ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Olfactory behaviour - Abstract
Resume Cette etude met en evidence l'efficacite du depot d'un marquage odorant dans la reconnaissance de l'entree du nid par les butineuses de bourdons. L'etude du comportement olfactif de ces ouvrieres a consiste a observer leur reponse en presence d'un marqueur odorant depose par d'autres ouvrieres en utilisant la methode du choix binaire. Les observations ont ete faites avec des colonies de plusieurs especes: Pyrobombus (P.) hypnorum L., Pyrobombus (M.) lapidarius L., Bombus lucorum L., Megabombus (T.) pascuorum Scop., Pyrobombus (P.) pratorum L. et Bombus terrestris L. L'experimentation a consiste egalement a faire varier qualitativement la stimulation, ce qui a permis d'etudier la capacite des ouvrieres a distinguer l'odeur de la substance deposee par les individus de leur propre colonie de celle deposee par les individus d'une autre colonie, isospecifique ou heterospecifique. Pour chaque espece etudiee, les ouvrieres retournant au nid font un choix en fonction de la nature du marquage. L'ecart entre les pourcentages de reponses est plus important dans le cas du choix entre ‘papier marque’ et ‘papier vierge’ (experience 1) que dans celui entre ‘papier marque par la colonie’ et ‘papier marque par une colonie etrangere heterospecifique’ (experience 3). Une moindre dispersion des reponses apparait dans le choix entre ‘papier marque par la colonie’ et ‘papier marque par une colonie etrangere isospecifique’ (experience 2). La discussion porte egalement sur le marquage de l'entree du nid chez des especes d'Hymenopteres solitaires terricoles, fonction attribuee a la secretion de la glande de Dufour. Le mecanisme de ce marquage chez les Apoides sociaux reste a etudier. Summary This study shows the efficiency of depositing an odoriferous marking to recognize the nest entrance by foragers of bumblebees. The study of the olfactory behaviour of these workers consisted in observing their responses to an odoriferous marker deposited by other workers, using the binary choice method. The observations were conducted with colonies of several species: Pyrobombus (P.) hypnorum L., Pyrobombus (M.) lapidarius L., Bombus lucorum L., Megabombus (Th.) pascuorum Scop., Pyrobombus (P.) pratorum L. and Bombus terrestris L. The stimulation was varied qualitatively, which made it possible to study the ability of workers to distinguish the odour of the substance deposited by individuals of their own colony from that deposited by individuals of another colony, isospecific or heterospecific. For each species studied, the returning nest workers made a choice depending on the nature of the marking. The difference between the percentages of responses was greater in the case of the choice between ‘impregnated-paper’ and ‘non-impregnated paper’ (experiment 1) than in the choice between ‘paper impregnated by their own colony’ and ‘paper impregnated by a foreign heterospecific colony’ (experiment 3). The responses were less dispersed in the choice between ‘paper impregnated by their own colony’ and ‘paper impregnated by a foreign isospecific colony’ (experiment 2). The discussion also concerns the marking of the nest entrance in solitary terricolous Hymenoptera, a function allocated to the secretion of the Dufour gland. The mechanism of this marking in social bees remains to be studied. more...
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Identification of Nosema bombi Fantham and Porter 1914 (Microsporidia) in Bombus impatiens and Bombus sandersoni from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (USA)
- Author
-
Igor M. Sokolov, Christopher E. Carlton, and Yuliya Y. Sokolova
- Subjects
biology ,RNA, Fungal ,Bombus vagans ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,Bombus sandersoni ,United States ,Bombus impatiens ,Microsporidium ,Europe ,Nosema ,Botany ,Pyrobombus ,Animals ,Subgenus ,Impatiens ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nosema bombi - Abstract
Ninety three bumble bees belonging to the genus Bombus, subgenus Pyrobombus (three Bombus vagans, seven Bombus bimaculatus, 17 B. sandersoni and 68 B. impatiens) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park were examined for microsporidia. Light microscopy of calcoflour and trichrome-stained smears, and PCR revealed infection with N. bombi in one specimen each of B. sandersoni and B. impatiens. Sizes and shapes of spores in both N. bombi isolates were similar to those described for European isolates of the microsporidium. A region of the rRNA gene from the B. impatiens isolate (1689 bp, accession GQ254295) aligned with homologous sequences from eight European isolates, with only three variable sites. Sequence variability of this region between novel isolates and the European ones was the same as among European isolates. more...
- Published
- 2009
30. Morphology and histology of tarsal glands in bumble bees of the genera Bombus, Pyrobombus, and Megabombus
- Author
-
A. Pouvreau
- Subjects
Aculeata ,biology ,Apidae ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Histology ,Morphology (biology) ,Hymenoptera ,Anatomy ,biology.organism_classification ,Megabombus ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Apoidea - Abstract
The last tarsal segment and pretarsus of adult bumble bees are described. The tarsal gland on the fifth tarsomere of each leg in all individuals of a colony consists of simple glandular epithelium surrounding a reservoir in which its secretory products accumulate. Movement of the pretarsus in and out of the fifth tarsomere helps to discharge the secretion of the gland onto the ventral surface of the arolium. Study of the fine structure of the glandular cells reveals the presence of cytoplasmic organelles involved in secretion. The apical surface of the cells bears numerous microvilli associated with a smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Ergastoplasm is mainly located in the basal region. The spherical or ovoid nucleus is generally located basally and the cytoplasm contains uniformly distributed Golgi complexes, ribosomes which vary in number from one area to another, more or less electron-dense multivesicular bodies, mitochondria, and pinocytotic vesicles and coated vesicles in the cytoplasm of the apical area. Interdigitations and desmosomes contribute to the cohesion of cells within the epithelium. The tarsal gland of bumble bees is compared with that of other insects, and the function of its secretion is considered. more...
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Species specificity and complexity of Dufour's gland secretion of bumble bees
- Author
-
Gunther Lübke, Ulrich Schmitt, Jan Tengö, Abraham Hefetz, Wittko Francke, and Andreas Bertsch
- Subjects
Hentriacontane ,Exocrine gland ,biology ,Apidae ,Physiology ,General Medicine ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Apoidea ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Aculeata ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Botany ,medicine ,Pyrobombus ,Molecular Biology ,Dufour's gland - Abstract
1. 1. Dufour's gland secretions of nine westpalaearctic bumble bee species, representing Terrestribombus, Pyrobombus and Megabombus, were analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 2. 2. The secretions were dominated by uneven numbered straight chain alkanes from heneicosane to hentriacontane, each alkane accompanied by up to 10 positional alkene isomers. 3. 3. Various esters dominate among the 64 oxygen-containing compounds found. 4. 4. This is the first report on Dufour's gland secretion of bumble bees. The secretion is species specific. Subgeneric and tribe specific patterns are indicated. 5. 5. Characteristics for species separation of workers of the Terrestribombus group are presented. 6. 6. The possible communicative function of the secretion is discussed. more...
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Analysis of the labial gland secretions of the male bumble bee Bombus perplexus Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from North America
- Author
-
Andreas Titze, Horst Schweer, and Andreas Bertsch
- Subjects
Male ,Hymenoptera ,Biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Sebaceous Glands ,Species Specificity ,Labial glands ,Botany ,Animals ,Wax ,Apidae ,Esters ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,visual_art ,Alcohols ,Waxes ,North America ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Bombus perplexus ,Pyrobombus ,Female ,Steroids ,Gas chromatography ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry - Abstract
The labial gland secretions from males of the bumble bee Bombus (Pyrobombus) perplexus Cresson were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the electron impact and positive ion chemical ionization mode. The major compound of the complex mixture of alkenols, alkenals, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, wax type esters and steroids is 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10-hexadecatrien-1-ol (geranylcitronellol), considerable amounts of hexadecan-1-ol and Z-9-hexadecen-1-ol were also found. All alcohols were present as esters of the detected acids. In older samples both the acids and the alcohols sometimes could not be detected in the GC; therefore, the possibility to check the detected acid-alcohol pattern by interpreting the wax type ester peaks is very instructive. Moreover, the labial gland contains a rich mixture of mono- and di-unsaturated straight chain hydrocarbons. The similarity in composition of the labial glands of the North American B. (Pyrobombus) perplexus with the Eurasian species B. (Pyrobombus) hypnorum corroborates the assumption that the two species are conspecific. The likely supposition that the hydrocarbons could play an essential role in the chemical communication in bumble bees is discussed. more...
- Published
- 2004
33. Do social parasitic bumblebees use chemical weapons? (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
- Author
-
Fernando Ibarra, Wittko Francke, Claudia Schulz, Jan Tengö, B. O. Zimma, and Manfred Ayasse
- Subjects
Chromatography, Gas ,Physiology ,Psithyrus ,Carbohydrates ,Allomone ,Hymenoptera ,Acetates ,Complex Mixtures ,Host-Parasite Interactions ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bombus norvegicus ,Botany ,Animals ,Social Behavior ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee ,biology ,Behavior, Animal ,Host (biology) ,fungi ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,Electrophysiology ,chemistry ,Dodecyl acetate ,Insect Repellents ,Pyrobombus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Female ,Diterpenes ,Volatilization - Abstract
The bumblebee Bombus (Psithyrus) norvegicus Sp.-Schn. is an obligate social parasite of B. (Pyrobombus) hypnorum L. Behavioural observations indicated that nest-invading B. norvegicus females may use allomones to defend themselves against attacking host workers. However, so far no defensive chemicals used by social parasitic bumblebee females have been identified. We analysed volatile constituents of the cuticular lipid profile of B. norvegicus females. Furthermore, we performed electrophysiological studies and behavioural experiments in order to identify possible chemical weapons. Coupled gas chromatography-electroantennography showed 15 compounds to trigger responses in antennae of the host workers. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, the main compound among the cuticular volatiles of B. norvegicus females was found to be dodecyl acetate. A corresponding mixture of synthetic volatiles as well as pure dodecyl acetate showed a strong repellent effect on starved host workers. B. norvegicus females use dodecyl acetate to repel attacking B. hypnorum workers during nest usurpation and subsequently during colony development. Dodecyl acetate is the first repellent allomone identified in bumblebees. more...
- Published
- 2003
34. Phylogenetic Relationships of the Bumblebee Subgenus Pyrobombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome B and Cytochrome Oxidase I Sequences
- Author
-
Stella Koulianos
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Cytochrome b ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Monophyly ,Bombini ,Phylogenetics ,Evolutionary biology ,Insect Science ,Botany ,Pyrobombus ,Subgenus ,Bumblebee ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 92 (3), ISSN:0013-8746, ISSN:1938-2901
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Molecular phylogeny of the bumble bee subgenus Pyrobombus (Hymenoptera:Apidae:Bombus) with insights into gene utility for lower-level analysis
- Author
-
Heather M. Hines, Paul H. Williams, and Sydney A. Cameron
- Subjects
Synapomorphy ,Monophyly ,Nuclear gene ,Phylogenetics ,Molecular phylogenetics ,Pyrobombus ,Zoology ,Subgenus ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Cladistics - Abstract
Comprising nearly 20% of all bumble bees, the subgenus Pyrobombus is distributed across diverse habitats in the Northern Hemisphere and exhibits considerable morphological and behavioural variation relative to other subgenera. Its size and variation have led to questions concerning its monophyly and intrasubgeneric relationships, but too few known morphological synapomorphies and insufficient taxon sampling have precluded robust answers to these questions. To obtain a robust phylogeny of the group, we obtained DNA sequences for 36 of the 43 species from four genes (mitochondrial 16S rRNA and three nuclear genes: elongation factor – 1α (EF-1α), long wavelength rhodopsin (LW Rh or opsin) and arginine kinase (ArgK)). Both Bayesian and parsimony phylogenies are well resolved and indicate a monophyletic Pyrobombus when assessed against representatives of 20 additional subgenera. The more conserved nuclear genes, especially EF-1α and ArgK, provided good support across all of the taxonomic levels examined, whereas support of the more rapidly evolving mt16S was restricted mostly to close relationships at the tips of the tree. The exon regions of ArgK were the most conserved and may be promising for higher-level phylogenetics. We discuss species relationships within Pyrobombus and its sister-group, Bombus s.s. + Alpinobombus, in relation to previous taxonomic studies. more...
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Pyrobombus lapponicus auct., in Europe recognized as two species: P. lapponicus (Fabricius, 1793) and P. monticola (Smith, 1849) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bombinae)
- Author
-
Bo G. Svensson
- Subjects
Entomology ,Ecology ,Hymenoptera ,Biology ,Subspecies ,biology.organism_classification ,Apoidea ,Type (biology) ,Kola peninsula ,Insect Science ,Nearctic ecozone ,Pyrobombus ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Pyrobombus (Pyrobombus) lapponicus (Fabricius, 1793) and P. (P.) monticola (Smith, 1849) are described from type material. The male and worker are described of the former; the lectotype and a paralectotype (worker) are designated and in addition the male of P. monticola is described. Type studies of rondoui Vogt, 1909 and scandinavicus Friese, 1911, previously regarded as subspecies of P. lapponicus, revealed conspecificity with P. monticola. Furthermore, the subspecies hypsophilus Skorikov, 1912 and konradini Reinig, 1965 are also regarded as forms of P. monticola. The status of glacialis Schneider, 1902 is uncertain. P. lapponicus is distributed in northern Europe: Fennoscandia - eastwards in the northern parts of the USSR, while P. monticola exhibits a boreo-alpine distribution: Fennoscandia, eastwards on the Kola peninsula, the British Isles, Italy, the Pyrenees, the Alps and the Balkan mountains. In Fennoscandia P. lapponicus is found both in alpine/subalpine habitats and in adjacent coniferous forests, whereas P. monticola is restricted to alpine/subalpine areas. A comparative diagnosis of the two species, reinforced by drawings, is given. Metric studies of male abdominal sternite 7, hind basitarsus and position of ocelli on the vertex of queens were made to establish their diagnostic value. Some remarks on the biology of both species are also provided. The status of the Nearctic forms allied to P. lapponicus are discussed. more...
- Published
- 1979
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Chromosome numbers of 15 North American bumble bee species (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini)
- Author
-
Robin E. Owen
- Subjects
biology ,Apidae ,Psithyrus ,Zoology ,Cell Biology ,Plant Science ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Eusociality ,Monophyly ,Bombini ,Botany ,Genetics ,Pyrobombus ,Subgenus - Abstract
Chromosome counts were obtained for 14 Bombus Latr. species (the social bumble bees) belonging to four subgenera and for one Psithyrus Lep. species (the social parasitic bumble bees). In Bombus the haploid numbers were consistent within each subgenus and there was variation between subgenera; the subgenera Bombus s.s. and Pyrobombus have n = 18, while Separatobombus and Cullumanobombus have n = 19. Thus considerable morphological divergence between subgenera is often, but not always, paralleled by divergence in chromosome number. Psithyrus ashtoni has n = 25, higher than all Bombus species yet examined. This provides support for the monophyletic origin of Psithyrus, but the high n is not expected if eusociality selects for increase in chromosome number. more...
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Volatile marking secretions from the labial gland of north Europeanpyrobombus D. T. males (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
- Author
-
G. Bergström and B. G. Svensson
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Apidae ,%22">Bombus ,Fatty acid ,Zoology ,Hymenoptera ,Anatomy ,biology.organism_classification ,Capillary gas chromatography ,chemistry ,Insect Science ,Labial glands ,Pyrobombus ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The volatile secretions produced by the labial gland in male bumble-bees,Bombus Latr., belonging to the subgenusPyrobombus D. T., have been studied in six species:B. cingulatus Wahlb.,B. hypnorum L.,B. jonellus K.,B. pratorum L.,B. lapponicus Fabr. andB. scandinavicus Friese. Totally, 181 specimens have been analyzed. The secretions, which are used for marking different objects along the flight-route, have been analyzed by capillary gas chromatography and combined capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Isoprenoids and fatty acid derivates together make up the secretions. The former group of compounds dominates the marking secretions from the species studied, with the exception ofB. scandinavicus. The compositions of the secretions are characteristic for each species. more...
- Published
- 1977
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. ECOLOGY OF SPECIES OF BOMBUS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA: VII. SUBGENUS BOMBUS
- Author
-
G. A. Hobbs
- Subjects
biology ,Physiology ,Ecology ,Volucella bombylans ,Psithyrus ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Nest ,Structural Biology ,Insect Science ,Pollen ,Nearctic ecozone ,medicine ,Pyrobombus ,Subgenus ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Two of the five Nearctic species of the subgenus Bombus Latr. occur in southern Alberta. Both are bush-inhabiting species. One, B. occidentalis Greene, is confined to the treed areas of southern Alberta whereas the other, B. terricola Kby., although found throughout the treed areas of the province, is much more prevalent in the central and northern regions. Both species emerge and establish nests early, and nest almost exclusively in hives reached by means of downward-sloping tunnels. Many queens of B. occidentalis camouflage or restrict tunnel entrances by dragging grass in and around them. B. occidentalis produced 8.6±0.5 eggs in the first broods, 4.2±1.1 eggs per cell in the second and third broods, and 6.6±0.9 eggs per cell in the fourth brood. This species is intermediate in rank among southern Alberta species of Bombus Latr. in its ability to produce wax. As are other early emerging species, it is heavily depredated by Psithyrus spp. more...
- Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The over-wintering and emergence ofBombus (Pyrobombus) impatiens (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Apidæ) in southern Ontario
- Author
-
T. I. Szabo and D. H. Pengelly
- Subjects
Entomology ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Apidae ,Ecology ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Insect Science ,Botany ,Spring (hydrology) ,Pyrobombus ,Statistical analysis ,Impatiens ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Temperature records were kept from the time the new queens ofBombus (Pyrobombus) impatiens burrowed into the soil until they emerged the following spring. Statistical analysis is presented on the relationship of solar radiation and temperature as they affected emergence. more...
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. PYROBOMBUS (P.) CASCADENSIS, AN UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF BUMBLEBEE FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, U.S.A. (HYMENOPTERA: BOMBINAE)
- Author
-
H. E. Milliron
- Subjects
biology ,Northwest U.S ,Physiology ,Structural Biology ,Ecology ,Insect Science ,Pyrobombus ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bumblebee - Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.