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1. Multi-modal safety analysis of the more electric aircraft starter generator system

Author

Z Zeng, Y Hu, Y Xiong, Q Gong, X Xu, and H Ge

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Aiming at the characteristics of complex structure, strong coupling and different multi-modal safety levels of more electric aircraft starter generator system, a safety analysis method based on the operating process and a multi-modal failure rate calculation method are proposed. This paper analyses the architecture, operating process and modals of more electric aircraft starter generator system and decomposes the system into eight operating modals. Based on the construction of SafetyLab, a domestic safety analysis platform, the structural models and failure rate calculation models of eight modals of starter generator system are established, and the top event failure rate of each modal, the highest transient failure rate and the steady state failure rate of the system are calculated for a complete safety analysis, taking a typical starter generator system as an example. The method proposed in this paper helps to solve the problem of multi-modal failure rate analysis of complex systems with different equipment involved in the operating process. The multi-modal failure rate calculation method proposed in this paper is also applicable to the safety analysis of other multi-modal complex systems.

Published
2024
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2. Structure optimization of ladle rotary table mounting device

Author

Z. Cui, H. Y. Long, R. Q. Gong, F. Y. Zhu, and W. Z. Yan

Subjects
steel, continuous casting, ladle rotary table, mounting device, structure optimization, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

As a widely used equipment in continuous casting process, the installation process of ladle rotary table is complicated and requires many installation equipment. According to the practical engineering application, this paper takes the installation device as the research object, and optimizes the original structure of the installation device. SolidWorks software was used to model the overall structure of the installation device, and the established model was imported into Hypermesh for mesh division, and finally into ANSYS for finite element analysis to compare the stress and deformation of the structure before and after optimization.The results show that the stress of the optimized structure is reduced to some extent, and the practical application requirements are met.

Published
2024

3. Functional connectivity subtypes of MDD and their associations with gene expression profile, neurotransmitter, and cognition

Author

Q. Li, Y. Wang, F. Long, Y. Chen, Q. Gong, and F. Li

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction There’s large heterogeneity present in major depressive disorder (MDD) and controversial evidence on alterations of brain functional connectivity (FC), making it hard to elucidate the neurobiological basis of MDD. Subtyping is one promising solution to characterize this heterogeneity. Objectives To identify neurophysiological subtypes of MDD based on FC derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging using large multisite data and investigate the differences in genetic mechanisms and neurotransmitter basis of FC alterations, and the differences of FC-related cognition between each subtype. Methods Consensus clustering of FC patterns was applied to a population of 829 MDD patients from REST-Meta-MDD database after data cleaning and image quality control. Gene transcriptomic data derived from Allen Human Brain Atlas and neurotransmitter receptor/transporter density data acquired by using neuromap toolbox were used to characterize the molecular mechanism underlying each FC-based subtype by identifying the gene set and neurotransmitters/transporters showing high spatial similarity with the profiles of FC alterations between each subtype and 770 healthy controls. The FC-related cognition in each subtype was also selected by lasso regression. Results Two stable neurophysiological MDD subtypes were found and labeled as hypoconnectivity (n=527) and hyperconnectivity (n=299) characterized by the FC differences in each subtype relative to controls, respectively. The two subtypes did not differ in age, sex, and scores of Hamilton Depression/Anxiety Scale. The genes related to FC alterations were enriched in ion transmembrane transport, synaptic transmission/organization, axon development, and regulation of neurotransmitter level for both subtypes, but specifically enriched in glial cell differentiation for hypoconnectivity subtype, while enriched in regulation of presynaptic membrane and regulation of neuron differentiation for hyperconnectivity subtype. FC alterations were associated with the density of 5-HT2a receptor in both subtypes. For hyperconnectivity subtype, FC alterations were also correlated with the density of norepinephrine transporter, glutamate receptor, GABA receptor, 5-HT1b receptor, and cannabinoid receptor. Both subtypes showed correlations between FC and categorization, motor inhibition, and localization. The FC in hypoconnectivity subtype correlated with response inhibition, selective attention, face recognition, sleep, empathy, expertise, uncertainty, and anticipation, while that was related to inference, speech perception, and reward anticipation in hyperconnectivity subtype. Conclusions Our findings suggested the presence of two neuroimaging subtypes of MDD characterized by hypo or hyper-connectivity. The two subtypes had both shared and distinct genetic mechanisms, neurotransmitter receptor/transporter profiles, and cognition types. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Published
2024
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4. Immune responses and protective efficacy of a trivalent combination DNA vaccine based on oprL, oprF and flgE genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Author

Q Gong, Y Li, W Zhai, and M Niu

Subjects
cytokine concentration, poprl+poprf+pflge, protection rate, serum antibody, si value, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an infectious pathogenic bacteria infecting many different species of animals. Currently, it lacks a commercial vaccine. In this study, three monovalent DNA vaccines (poprL, poprF, and pflgE), three bivalent combination DNA vaccines (poprL+poprF, poprL+pflgE, poprF+pflgE), and a trivalent DNA vaccine (poprL+poprF+pflgE) were constructed. Consequently, we immunised chickens with these DNA vaccines and used inactivated vaccines as the positive controls. Then, the immune efficacy was evaluated through serum antibody detection, a lymphocyte proliferation assay, and cytokine concentration determination. Lastly, we assessed the protection rate through a challenge experiment. Following vaccination, the serum antibody levels induced using these DNA vaccines were different due to the different coating antigens. In the trivalent combination DNA vaccine group, we established that the lymphocyte proliferation (SI values), IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4 levels were significantly higher than those of the other six DNA vaccine groups and the inactivated vaccine group. However, the protection provided was slightly lower than that of the inactivated vaccine and higher than those of other DNA vaccines. The protection rate of poprL, poprF, pflgE, poprL+poprF, poprL+pflgE, poprF+pflgE, poprL+poprF+pflgE, and the inactivated vaccine were 50, 45, 60, 75, 80, 80, 90, and 95%, respectively. The results of this study indicated the trivalent DNA vaccine based on oprL, oprF and flgE genes represents a promising approach for the prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Published
2023
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5. MULTI-BASE STATIONS BLUETOOTH LOCATION METHOD BASED ON FULL CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Author

X. Cai, Q. Gong, Z. Li, and Z. Wen

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Bluetooth positioning system has attracted much attention in the field of indoor navigation due to its high precision, low power consumption and small size. In order to solve the problem that geometric analysis cannot accurately solve the tag position, a multi-base stations Bluetooth location method combined with signal space score map and full convolutional neural network is proposed in the paper. The method generates a signal space score map based on pixels. The signal space score map inputs into the trained full convolutional neural network to output the score map of label position space. The predicted label position is obtained by mapping the pixel point with the maximum value to real spatial coordinates. It's worth mentioning that the actual distance represented by two adjacent pixels is the minimum positioning accuracy. The sigmoid function is used as the activation function in the fully convolutional neural network, so the neural network can represent the predicted uncertainty of tag position in the tag position space score map. The experimental results prove that the system improves the positioning accuracy and the robustness of navigation system.

Published
2022
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6. Linked patterns of symptoms and cognition with brain controllability in major depressive disorder

Author

Q. Li, Y. Zhao, Y. Wang, F. Long, Q. Gong, and F. Li

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by both clinical symptoms and cognitive deficits. Prior studies have typically examined either symptoms or cognition correlated with brain measures, thus causing a notable paucity of stable brain markers that capture the full characteristics of MDD. Brain controllability derived from newly proposed brain model integrating both metabolism (energy cost) and dynamics from a control perspective has been considered as a sensitive biomarker for characterizing brain function. Thus, identifying such a biomarker of controllability related to both symptoms and cognition may provide a promising state monitor of MDD. Objectives To assess the associations between two multi-dimensional clinical (symptoms and cognition) and brain controllability data of MDD in an integrative model. Methods Sparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) was used to investigate the association between brain controllability at a network level and both clinical symptoms and cognition in 99 first-episode medication-naïve patients with MDD. The potential mediation effect of cognition on relationship between controllability and symptoms was also tested. Results Average controllability was significantly correlated with both symptoms and cognition (r mean=0.54, P Bonferroni=0.03). Average controllability of dorsal attention network (DAN) (r=0.46) and visual network (r=0.29) had the highest correlation with both symptoms and cognition. Among clinical variables, depressed mood (r =-0.23) , suicide(r =-0.25), work and activities(r =-0.27), gastrointestinal symptoms (r =-0.25) were significantly negatively associated with average controllability, while cognitive flexibility (r=0.29) was most strongly positively correlated with average controllability. Additionally, cognitive flexibility fully mediated the association between average controllability of DAN and depressed mood (indirect effect=-0.11, 95% CI [-0.18, -0.04], P=0.001) in MDD. Conclusions Brain average controllability was correlated with both clinical symptoms and cognition in first-episode medication-naïve patients with MDD. The results suggest that average controllability of DAN and visual network reached high associations with clinical variates in MDD, thus these brain features may serve as stable biomarkers to control the brain functional states transitions to be relevant to cognitions deficits and clinical symptoms of MDD. Additionally, altered average controllability of DAN in patients could induce impairment of cognitive flexibility, and thus cause severe depressed mood, indicating that controllability of DAN may be a potential intervention target for alleviating depressed mood through improving cognitive flexibility in MDD. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Published
2023
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7. The Multiview Observatory for Solar Terrestrial Science (MOST)

Author

N. Gopalswamy, T. A. Kucera, J. E. Leake, R. J. MacDowall, L. B. Wilson III, L. Jian, S. G. Kanekal, A. Shih, S. Christe, Q. Gong, N. Viall, S. K. Tadikonda, S. F. Fung, C. Kay, S. Yashiro, P. Mäkelä, L. Golub, E. DeLuca, K. Reeves, A. C. Sterling, S. Savage, A. R. Winebarger, C. DeForest, M. I. Desai, D. B. Seaton, J. Lazio, E. A. Jensen, W. C. Manchester, N. Sachdeva, B. Wood, J. Kooi, P. Hess, D. B. Wexler, S. D. Bale, S. Krucker, N. Hurlburt, M. DeRosa, A. Pevtsov, S. C. Tripathy, K. Jain, S. Gosain, S. Kholikov, J. Zhao, P. H. Scherrer, S. P. Rajaguru, T. Woods, M. Kenney, J Zhang, C. Scolini, K. Cho, and Y.-D. Park

Subjects
Solar Physics
Abstract

Understanding the emergence of magnetic flux from the solar interior through the photosphere and its global impact on the inner heliosphere is a key scientific goal of the heliophysics community. This white paper outlines the concept of the Multiview Observatory for Solar Terrestrial Science (MOST) mission, which will make measurements of solar variability from the solar interior, atmosphere, and the interplanetary (IP) medium. MOST will be a 4- spacecraft mission with one each at L4 (MOST1) and L5 (MOST2) and the other two (MOST3 and MOST4) at variable locations along Earth orbit. MOST1 and MOST2 will each carry seven remote-sensing and 3 in-situ instruments. All four spacecraft will carry a novel radio package known as the Faraday Effect Tracker of Coronal and Heliospheric structures (FETCH) that will systematically probe the magnetic content of transient IP structures including coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and stream interaction regions (SIRs). The Faraday rotation measurements will provide magnetic content of these structures at various heliocentric distances from the outer corona to Earth’s vicinity. Photospheric and/or chromospheric magnetograms will cover >70% of the solar surface providing synchronic maps needed for accurately modeling the corona and solar wind. EUV, coronagraph, radio spectrograph, and heliospheric imager (HI) observations from multiple viewpoints provide 3-d information on CMEs/CME-driven shocks, SIRs, and other solar wind structures. Hard X-ray imagers will provide the flare aspects of solar eruptions to complement the CME aspects. MOST, a 10-year mission, is well aligned with NASA’s Heliophysics objectives and will provide an unprecedented opportunity to achieve these objectives with broad participation from the heliophysics community.

Published
2022

8. Brain controllability and clinical relevance in schizophrenia

Author

Q. Li, L. Luo, W. You, Y. Wang, Q. Gong, and F. Li

Subjects
schizophrénia, Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, Recursive feature elimination, Controllability, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Apart from the psychiatric symptoms, cognitive deficits are also the core symptoms of schizophrenia. Brain network control theory provided information on the role of a specific brain region in the cognitive control process, helping understand the neural mechanism of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Objectives To characterize the control properties of functional brain network in first-episode untreated patients with schizophrenia and the relationships between controllability and psychiatric symptoms, as well as exploring the predictive value of controllability in differentiating patients from healthy controls (HCs). Methods Average and modal controllability of brain networks were calculated and compared between 133 first-episode untreated patients with schizophrenia and 135 HCs. The associations between controllability and clinical symptoms were evaluated using sparse canonical correlation analysis. Support vector machine (SVM) and SVM-recursive feature elimination combined with the controllability were performed to establish the individual prediction model. Results Compared to HCs, the patients with schizophrenia showed increased average controllability and decreased modal controllability in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Brain controllability predominantly in somatomotor, default mode, and visual networks was associated with the positive symptomatology of schizophrenia. The established model could identify patients with an accuracy of 0.68. Furthermore, the most discriminative features were located in dACC, medial prefrontal lobe, precuneus and superior temporal gyrus. Conclusions Altered controllability in dACC may play a critical role in the neuropathological mechanisms of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia, which could drive the brain function to different states to cope with varied cognitive tasks. As symptom-related biomarkers, controllability could be also beneficial to individual prediction in schizophrenia. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Published
2022
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9. Altered dynamic functional topology in first-episode untreated patients with schizophrenia can aid in early diagnosis

Author

W. You, L. Luo, Q. Li, Y. Wang, Q. Gong, and F. Li

Subjects
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores, schizophrénia, classification, dynamic functional topology, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction There is a growing consensus on brain networks that it is not immutable but rather a dynamic complex system for adapting environment. The neuroimaging research studying how brain regions work collaboratively with dynamic methods had demonstrated its effectiveness in revealing the neural mechanisms of schizophrenia. Objectives To investigate altered dynamic brain functional topology in first-episode untreated schizophrenia patients (SZs) and establish classification models to find objective brain imaging biomarkers. Methods Resting-state-functional magnetic resonance data for SZs and matched healthy controls were obtained(Table1). Power-264-template was used to extract nodes and sliding-window approach was carried out to establish functional connectivity matrices. Functional topology was assessed by eigenvector centrality(EC) and node efficiency and its time-fluctuating was evaluated with coefficient of variation(CV). Group differences of dynamic topology and correlation analysis between Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) scores and topology indices showing group differences, which also were used in establishing classification models, was examed. Results The CV of node efficiency in angular and paracingulate gyrus was larger in SZs. There are 13 nodes assigned into several brain networks displaying altered CV of EC between groups(Figure1.A). Fluctuation of EC of the node in DMN, which was lower in SZs, showed negative correlation with PANSS total scores(Figure1.B). Dynamic functional topology of above nodes was used to train classification models and demonstrated 80% and 71% accuracy for support vector classification(SVC) and random forest(RF), respectively(Figure2). Conclusions Dynamic functional topology illustrated a capability in identifying SZs. Aberrated dynamics of DMN relevant to severity of patient’s symptoms could reveal the reason why it contributed to classification. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Published
2022
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10. Gray Matter Deficits of Cortical-striatal-limbic Circuit in Social Anxiety Disorder

Author

X. Zhang, S. Wang, and Q. Gong

Subjects
cortical-striatal-limbic circuit, magnetic resonance imaging, social anxiety disorder, Cortical thickness, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction The extant findings have been of great heterogeneity due to partial volume effects in the investigation of cortical gray matter volume (GMV), high comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, and concomitant therapy in the neuroimaging studies of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Objectives To identity gray matter deficits in cortical and subcortical structures in non-comorbid never-treated patients, so as to explore the “pure” SAD-specific pathophysiology and neurobiology. Methods Thirty-two non-comorbid free-of-treatment patients with SAD and 32 demography-matched healthy controls were recruited to undergo high-resolution 3.0-Tesla T1-weighted MRI. Cortical thickness (CT) and subcortical GMV were estimated using FreeSurfer; then the whole-brain vertex-wise analysis was performed to compare group differences in CT. Besides, differences in subcortical GMV of priori selected regions-of-interest: amygdala, hippocampus, putamen, and pallidum were compared by an analysis of covariance with age, gender, and total subcortical GMV as covariates. Results The SAD patients demonstrated significantly decreased CT near-symmetrically in the bilateral prefrontal cortex (Monte Carlo simulations of P < 0.05). Besides, smaller GMV in the left hippocampus and pallidum were also observed in the SAD cohort (two-sample t-test of P < 0.05). Conclusions For the first time, the current study investigated the structural alterations of CT and subcortical GMV in non-comorbid never-treated patients with SAD. Our findings provide preliminary evidences that structural deficits in cortical-striatal-limbic circuit may contribute to the psychopathological basis of SAD, and offer more detailed structural substrates for the involvement of such aberrant circuit in the imbalance between defective bottom-up response and top-down control to external stimuli in SAD. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Published
2022
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11. Research Note: The immune enhancement ability of inulin on ptfA gene DNA vaccine of avian Pasteurella multocida

Author

Q. Gong, Y.G. Peng, M.F. Niu, and C.L. Qin

Subjects
avian Pasteurella multocida, ptfA gene, inulin, adjuvant, DNA vaccine, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

To evaluate the ability of inulin to enhance the immune response of a ptfA gene DNA vaccine for avian Pasteurella multocida, inulin was added as an adjuvant to the ptfA-DNA vaccine, obtaining an inulin-adjuvant DNA vaccine. The DNA vaccine was administered to chickens; a fimbria protein vaccine and an attenuated live vaccine were used as positive controls. The levels of the serum antibody and concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were determined, and a lymphocyte proliferation assay was performed. After being challenged with virulent P. multocida, the protective efficacy was evaluated. The results showed that the serum antibodies induced by the ptfA-DNA vaccine were not enhanced by inulin. The stimulation index values and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in chickens vaccinated with inulin-adjuvant DNA vaccine were significantly higher than those in chickens vaccinated with the DNA vaccine, those with the fimbria protein vaccine, and the chickens gavaged with inulin. The concentrations of IL-4 in the inulin-adjuvant DNA vaccine group and the fimbria protein vaccine group were higher than those in the DNA vaccine group and the inulin-gavage group. The protective efficacy rates of the attenuated live vaccine group, the fimbria protein vaccine group, the DNA vaccine group, the inulin-adjuvant DNA vaccine group, and the inulin-gavage group were 90, 70, 55, 65, and 55%, respectively.

Published
2020
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12. A comparison of OH nightglow volume emission rates as measured by SCIAMACHY and SABER

Author

Y. Zhu, M. Kaufmann, Q. Chen, J. Xu, Q. Gong, J. Liu, D. Wei, and M. Riese

Subjects
Environmental engineering, TA170-171, Earthwork. Foundations, TA715-787
Abstract

Hydroxyl (OH) short-wave infrared emissions arising from OH(4-2, 5-2, 8-5, 9-6) as measured by channel 6 of the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) are used to derive concentrations of OH(v=4, 5, 8, and 9) between 80 and 96 km. Retrieved concentrations are used to simulate OH(5-3, 4-2) integrated radiances at 1.6 µm and OH(9-7, 8-6) at 2.0 µm as measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument, which are not fully covered by the spectral range of SCIAMACHY measurements. On average, SABER “unfiltered” data are on the order of 40 % at 1.6 µm and 20 % at 2.0 µm larger than the simulations using SCIAMACHY data. “Unfiltered” SABER data are a product, which accounts for the shape, width, and transmission of the instrument's broadband filters, which do not cover the full ro-vibrational bands of the corresponding OH transitions. It is found that the discrepancy between SCIAMACHY and SABER data can be reduced by up to 50 %, if the filtering process is carried out manually using published SABER interference filter characteristics and the latest Einstein coefficients from the HITRAN database. Remaining differences are discussed with regard to model parameter uncertainties and radiometric calibration.

Published
2020
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13. The appropriate hybrid surgical strategy in three-level cervical degenerative disc disease: a finite element analysis

Author

Y. M. Xie, Y. C. Zheng, S. J. Qiu, K. Q. Gong, and Y. Duan

Subjects
Three-level cervical degenerative disc disease, Hybrid surgery, Finite element, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Objective The purpose of this FE study was to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of different HS strategies used in the treatment of three-level CDDD (one-level CDA and two-level ACDF). Methods We validated the FE model of an intact cervical spine established by transferring the data, collected by 3D CT scan, to the FE software ABAQUS and comparing these data with the data from published studies. Then, the FE model of hybrid surgery was reconstructed to analyze the range of motion (ROM), facet joint force, and stress distribution on an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) core. Results The current cervical FE model was able to measure the biomechanical changes in a follow-up hybrid surgery simulation. The total ROM of the cervical HS models was substantially decreased compared with the total ROM of the intact group, and the M2 (C3/4 ACDF, C4/5 CDA, and C5/6 ACDF) model had the closest total ROM to the intact group, but the facet joint force adjacent to the treatment levels showed very little difference among them. The stress distribution showed noticeable similarity: two flanks were observed in the center core, but the inlay of M2 was more vulnerable. Conclusions Through the comparison of ROM, the facet joint force after CDA, and the stress distribution of the prosthesis, we find that M2 model has a better theoretical outcome, especially in preserving the maximum total ROM.

Published
2019
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14. A small-molecule PI3Kα activator for cardioprotection and neuroregeneration

Author

Grace Q. Gong, Benoit Bilanges, Ben Allsop, Glenn R. Masson, Victoria Roberton, Trevor Askwith, Sally Oxenford, Ralitsa R. Madsen, Sarah E. Conduit, Dom Bellini, Martina Fitzek, Matt Collier, Osman Najam, Zhenhe He, Ben Wahab, Stephen H. McLaughlin, A. W. Edith Chan, Isabella Feierberg, Andrew Madin, Daniele Morelli, Amandeep Bhamra, Vanesa Vinciauskaite, Karen E. Anderson, Silvia Surinova, Nikos Pinotsis, Elena Lopez-Guadamillas, Matthew Wilcox, Alice Hooper, Chandni Patel, Maria A. Whitehead, Tom D. Bunney, Len R. Stephens, Phillip T. Hawkins, Matilda Katan, Derek M. Yellon, Sean M. Davidson, David M. Smith, James B. Phillips, Richard Angell, Roger L. Williams, and Bart Vanhaesebroeck

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Published
2023
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15. Altered brain functional dynamics in auditory and visual networks in schizophrenia

Author

W.F. You, L. Luo, F. Li, and Q. Gong

Subjects
hallucination, dynamic functional connectivity, eigenvector centrality, schizophrénia, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction One of the most perplexing and characteristic symptoms of the schizophrenia (SZ) patients is hallucination. The occurrence of hallucinations to be associated with altered activity in the auditory and visual cortex but is not well understood from the brain functional network dynamics in SZ. Objectives To explore the brain abnormal basis of hallucinations in SZ with the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC). Methods Using magnetic resonance imaging for 83 SZ patients and 83 matched healthy controls and independent component analysis, 52 independent components (ICs) were identified as nodes and assigned into eight intrinsic connectivity networks (Figure 1A). Subsequently, we established dFC matrices and clustered them into four discrete states (Figure 1B) and three state transition metrics were obtained. To further explore the changes in the centrality of each component, eigenvector centrality (EC) was calculated and its time-varying was evaluated. Results Compared to controls with FDR correction, we found that patients had more mean dwell times and fractional time in state 1 (P=0.0081 and P=0.0018), mainly with hypoconnectivity between auditory and visual network and other networks and hyperconnectivity between language and default-mode network (DMN). While, patients had less dwell times and fractional time in state 3 (P=0.0018 and P=0.0009), and decreased FC between visual network and executive control network (ECN) and increased FC between ECN and DMN than controls (Figure 2). EC statistics showed that SZs displayed increased temporal dynamics in visual-related regions (Figure 3). Conclusions SZ was mainly manifested as altered dFC and temporal variability of nodal centrality in auditory and visual networks. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Published
2021
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16. Different alternations of static and dynamic brain regional topological metrics in schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder

Author

L. Luo, Y. Yang, Q. Gong, and F. Li

Subjects
graph theory, schizophrénia, Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, dynamic functional connectivity, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Though schizophrenia (SZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are conceptualized as distinct clinical entities, they do have notable symptom overlap and a tight association. Graph-theoretical analysis of the brain connectome provides more indicators to describe the functional organization of the brain, which may help us understand the shared and disorder-specific neural basis of the two disorders. Objectives To explore the static and dynamic topological organization of OCD and SZ as well as the relationship between topological metrics and clinical variables. Methods Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 31 OCD patients, 49 SZ patients, and 45 healthy controls (HC) were involved in this study (Table 1). Using independent component analysis to obtain independent components (ICs) (Figure 1), which were defined as nodes for static and dynamic topological analysis. Results Static analysis showed the global efficiency of SZ was higher than HC. For nodal degree centrality, OCD exhibited decreased degree centrality in IC59 (located in visiual network) (P = 0.03) and increased degree centrality in IC38 (located in salience network) (P = 0.002) compared with HC. Dynamic analysis showed OCD exhibited decreased dynamics of degree centrality in IC38 (P = 0.003) compared with HC, which showed a negative correlation with clinical scores in OCD. While SZ showed decreased dynamics of degree centrality in IC76 (located in sensory motor network) compared with OCD (P=0.009), which showed a positive correlation with clinical scores in SZ (Figure 2). Conclusions These changes are suggestive of disorder-specific alternation of static and dynamic brain topological organization in OCD and SZ.

Published
2021
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17. Distinct alternations of brain functional network dynamics in obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia

Author

L. Luo, Y. Yang, Q. Gong, and F. Li

Subjects
schizophrénia, Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, dynamic functional connectivity, Independent Component Analysis, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are both severe psychiatric disorders. Though these two disorders have distinct typical symptoms, there are partial polygenic overlap and comorbidity between the two disorders. However, few studies have explored the shared and disorder-specific brain function underlying the neural pathophysiology of the two disorders, especially in the aspect of dynamics. Objectives To explore the abnormal characteristics of the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) in OCD and SZ as well as the association between dFC metrics and symptom severity. Methods The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 31 patients with OCD, 49 patients with SZ, and 45 healthy controls were analyzed using independent component analysis to obtain independent components (ICs) and assigned them into eight brain networks (Figure 1), then used the sliding-window approach to generate dFC matrices. Using k-means clustering, we obtained three reoccurring dFC states (Figure 2), and state transition metrics were obtained Results In a sparsely connected state (state 1), SZ showed both increased fractional time and mean dwell time than controls (P=0.047 and P=0.033) and OCD (P=0.001 and P=0.003). In a state characterized by negative FC between networks (state 2), OCD showed both increased fractional time and mean dwell time than controls (P=0.032 and P=0.013) and SZ (P=0.005 and P=0.003). Moreover, the fractional time of state 2 was positively correlated with anxiety scores in OCD (r=0.535, P=0.021, FDR corrected) (Figure 3). Conclusions OCD and SZ patients showed distinct alternations of brain functional dynamics. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Published
2021
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18. RETRIEVAL OF ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER USING SATELLITE DATA OVER CENTRAL AND EASTERN CHINA

Author

G. L. Chen, J. Guang, Y. Li, Y. H. Che, and S. Q. Gong

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a particle cluster with diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm. Over the past few decades, regional air pollution composed of PM2.5 has frequently occurred over Central and Eastern China. In order to estimate the concentration, distribution and other properties of PM2.5, the general retrieval models built by establishing the relationship between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and PM2.5 has been widely used in many studies, including experimental models via statistics analysis and physical models with certain physical mechanism. The statistical experimental models can’t be extended to other areas or historical period due to its dependence on the ground-based observations and necessary auxiliary data, which limits its further application. In this paper, a physically based model is applied to estimate the concentration of PM2.5 over Central and Eastern China from 2007 to 2016. The ground-based PM2.5 measurements were used to be as reference data to validate our retrieval results. Then annual variation and distribution of PM2.5 concentration in the Central and Eastern China was analysed. Results shows that the annual average PM2.5 show a trend of gradually increasing and then decreasing during 2007–2016, with the highest value in 2011.

Published
2018
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19. Dynamic changes in protein concentrations of keratins in crop milk and related gene expression in pigeon crops during different incubation and chick rearing stages

Author

J. G. Zhu, P. Xie, M. D. Zheng, Y. Meng, M. L. Wei, Y. Liu, T. W. Liu, and D. Q. Gong

Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology, General Medicine, Food Science
Abstract

1. The objective of this study was to examine the keratin composition of crop milk, the variation of epithelial thickness and keratin (

Published
2022
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21. Function of Malus prunifolia WRKY6 transcription factor in response to different stresses

Author

N. Wang, Z.-Y. Yue, P. Wang, X. Sun, X.-Q. Gong, and F.-W. Ma

Subjects
abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, methyl viologen, open reading frame, ubiquitin-like protein, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Plant ecology, QK900-989
Abstract

The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are integral parts of signaling pathways that regulate many processes, such as senescence, seed dormancy, seed germination, and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Stress-related functions of WRKY6 have been characterized in Arabidopsis and other plant species, but its role has not been identified in apple. Here, we cloned WRKY6 genes from Malus prunifolia. Two homologues MpWRKY6a and MpWRKY6b found in this species were members of Group II WRKY6 TFs. They were localized to the cell nucleus. MpWRKY6a can bind to W-boxes. Compared with the untransformed wild type plants, MpWRKY6a-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants were more sensitive to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and less sensitive to methyl viologen and abscisic acid (ABA), which suggests its role in responses to oxidative stress and MeJA or ABA signaling. The results fill a gap in the WRKY6 function in apple and provide basis for resistance improvement of Malus.

Published
2017
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23. A DIVERSIFIED DEEP BELIEF NETWORK FOR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE CLASSIFICATION

Author

P. Zhong, Z. Q. Gong, and C. Schönlieb

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

In recent years, researches in remote sensing demonstrated that deep architectures with multiple layers can potentially extract abstract and invariant features for better hyperspectral image classification. Since the usual real-world hyperspectral image classification task cannot provide enough training samples for a supervised deep model, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), this work turns to investigate the deep belief networks (DBNs), which allow unsupervised training. The DBN trained over limited training samples usually has many “dead” (never responding) or “potential over-tolerant” (always responding) latent factors (neurons), which decrease the DBN’s description ability and thus finally decrease the hyperspectral image classification performance. This work proposes a new diversified DBN through introducing a diversity promoting prior over the latent factors during the DBN pre-training and fine-tuning procedures. The diversity promoting prior in the training procedures will encourage the latent factors to be uncorrelated, such that each latent factor focuses on modelling unique information, and all factors will be summed up to capture a large proportion of information and thus increase description ability and classification performance of the diversified DBNs. The proposed method was evaluated over the well-known real-world hyperspectral image dataset. The experiments demonstrate that the diversified DBNs can obtain much better results than original DBNs and comparable or even better performances compared with other recent hyperspectral image classification methods.

Published
2016
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31. [Anakinra in the treatment of Kawasaki disease: mechanisms, efficacy and safety]

Author

T, Tong, Y J, Wang, and F Q, Gong

Subjects
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein, Treatment Outcome, Antirheumatic Agents, Coronary Aneurysm, Humans, Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome
Abstract

川崎病是一种急性、自限性发热性疾病，病因不明，在急性发热期主要影响中型动脉、多个脏器和组织。最新研究发现白细胞介素（IL）-1信号通路是川崎病的致病关键环节之一。IL-1受体拮抗剂（IL-1Ra）阿那白滞素通过阻断IL-1信号通路，对于川崎病的治疗有一定的作用，但其应用的临床证据较少，本文就阿那白滞素治疗川崎病的作用机制、疗效及安全性进行综述，旨在为该药治疗川崎病提供依据。.

Published
2021

35. AB0394 CLINICAL OUTCOMES UP TO WEEK 48 OF ONGOING FILGOTINIB (FIL) RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) LONG-TERM EXTENSION (LTE) TRIAL OF BIOLOGIC DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG (bDMARD) INADEQUATE RESPONDERS (IR) INITIALLY ON FIL OR PLACEBO IN A PHASE 3 PARENT STUDY (PS)

Author

M. H. Buch, T. Takeuchi, V. Rajendran, J. E. Gottenberg, A. Pechonkina, Y. Tan, Q. Gong, K. Van Beneden, and R. Caporali

Subjects
Rheumatology, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

BackgroundThe preferential Janus kinase-1 inhibitor FIL is approved for treatment of moderate to severe active RA in Europe and Japan.ObjectivesEfficacy and safety of FIL were assessed in patients (pts) with IR to bDMARDs in a LTE trial (NCT03025308) enrolled from a Phase 3 PS (NCT02873936).1MethodsbDMARD-IR pts received FIL 200 mg (FIL200), FIL 100 mg (FIL100), or placebo (PBO), all with stable conventional synthetic (cs)DMARDs up to 24 weeks (W). At W14 of the PS, pts with IR to FIL or PBO (ResultsThe PS included 147, 153, and 148 pts on FIL200, FIL100, and PBO. Pts continuing on LTE FIL200 and FIL100 at data cutoff: 80/121 (66%) and 76/110 (69%) from PS FIL200 and FIL100; 35/47 (75%) and 32/46 (70%) from PS PBO, and 13/23 (57%) and 13/22 (59%) from PS SOC. LTE baseline (BL) characteristics were similar in FIL200 and FIL100 pts. During LTE, PS FIL ACR20/50/70 response rates decreased modestly by W48 (Figure 1). Among PS PBO pts, response rates were lower at LTE BL, reaching similar levels to PS FIL pts by W48; rates increased to W48 in PS SOC pts on either FIL dose but not to levels of other groups. Percentages of pts attaining DAS28(CRP) ≤3.2, DAS28(CRP) Table 1.EAIRs of TEAEs in LTE, as of June 1, 2020EAIR (95% CI)FIL200+csD → FIL200+csD n=121PYE 228.4PBO+csD → FIL200+csD n=47PYE 98.1SOC+csD → FIL200+csD n=23PYE 42.1FIL100+csD → FIL100+csD n=110PYE 223.3PBO+csD → FIL100+csD n=46PYE 91.1SOC+csD → FIL100+csD n=22PYE 38.2TEAE46.9 (38.8, 56.6)38.7 (28.2, 53.2)52.2 (34.4, 79.3)40.3 (32.8, 49.5)40.6 (29.4, 56.1)49.8 (31.8, 78.0)TEAE Grade ≥310.5 (7.0, 15.7)10.2 (5.5, 18.9)19.0 (9.5, 38.0)10.3 (6.8, 15.5)13.2 (7.5, 23.2)18.3 (8.7, 38.5)TE serious AE12.3 (8.5, 17.8)12.2 (6.9, 21.5)21.4 (11.1, 41.1)8.1 (5.1, 12.8)13.2 (7.5, 23.2)21.0 (10.5, 41.9)Death1.3 (0.4, 4.1)1.0 (0, 5.7)0 (0, 8.8)0.4 (0.1, 3.2)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)TE infections34.2 (27.4, 42.6)22.4 (14.8, 34.1)35.6 (21.5, 59.1)22.4 (17.0, 29.5)26.3 (17.7, 39.3)39.3 (23.7, 65.2)TE serious infections3.5 (1.8, 7.0)2.0 (0.5, 8.2)7.1 (2.3, 22.1)0.9 (0.2, 3.6)2.2 (0.5, 8.8)7.9 (2.5, 24.4)Opportunistic infections0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 3.8)0 (0, 8.8)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)TE herpes zoster2.2 (0.7, 5.1)1.0 (0.1, 7.2)0 (0, 8.8)0 (0, 1.7)2.2 (0.5, 8.8)2.6 (0.1, 14.6)TE MACE (adjudicated)1.3 (0.4, 4.1)1.0 (0.1, 7.2)0 (0, 8.8)0.9 (0.2, 3.6)1.1 (0.2, 7.8)0 (0, 9.7)TE DVT/PE (adjudicated)0.9 (0.2, 3.5)0 (0, 3.8)2.4 (0.1, 13.2)0.4 (0.1, 3.2)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)Malignancies (excluding NMSC)1.3 (0.4, 4.1)3.1 (1.0, 9.5)4.7 (0.6, 17.2)1.8 (0.7, 4.8)3.3 (1.1, 10.2)0 (0, 9.7)NMSC0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 3.8)4.7 (0.6, 17.2)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 4.0)0 (0, 9.7)DVT, deep vein thrombosis; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; NMSC, nonmelanoma skin cancer; PE, pulmonary embolism; TE, treatment-emergentConclusionEfficacy was mostly maintained in PS FIL pts up to W48. Response among PS PBO and SOC pts increased from BL to W48, but response in PS SOC pts continued to be lower than in other groups; these pts may represent a refractory population. FIL safety was largely consistent between PS and LTE.References[1]Genovese MC et al. JAMA 2019;322:315–25.AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Medical writing support was provided by Claudine Bitel, PhD, of AlphaScientia, LLC, San Francisco, CA; and funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA.Disclosure of InterestsMaya H Buch Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Galapagos, Gilead, and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Gilead and Pfizer, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, AYUMI, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan, Gilead Sciences, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer Japan, and Sanofi, Consultant of: Astellas, Chugai, and Eli Lilly Japan, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Shionogi, Takeda, and UCB Japan, Vijay Rajendran Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly and Co., Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, and UCB, Consultant of: Bristol Myers Squibb, Sanofi Genzyme, and UCB, Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb and Pfizer, Alena Pechonkina Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., YingMeei Tan Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Qi Gong Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Katrien Van Beneden Shareholder of: Galapagos, Employee of: Galapagos, Roberto Caporali Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, Fresenius-Kabi, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB

Published
2022
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36. POS0678 CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF METHOTREXATE (MTX)-NAIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) PATIENTS (pts) ON FILGOTINIB (FIL) LONG-TERM EXTENSION (LTE) TRIAL INITIALLY ON FIL OR MTX DURING THE PHASE 3 PARENT STUDY (PS)

Author

D. Aletaha, R. Westhovens, T. Atsumi, Y. Tan, A. Pechonkina, Q. Gong, V. Rajendran, S. Strengholt, and G. R. Burmester

Subjects
Rheumatology, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

BackgroundThe preferential Janus kinase-1 inhibitor FIL is approved for treatment of moderate to severe active RA in Europe and Japan.ObjectivesIn this post hoc, exploratory analysis, efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with FIL (± MTX) were assessed in MTX-naïve pts treated with FIL or MTX in the Phase 3 PS (NCT02886728).1MethodsPts received FIL 200 mg (FIL200)+MTX, FIL 100 mg (FIL100)+MTX, FIL200 alone, or MTX alone up to 52 W in PS.1 Those completing PS on study drug could enter LTE (NCT03025308; data cutoff: June 1, 2020). MTX completers were rerandomized, blinded, to FIL200 or FIL100; pts on FIL in PS remained on the same dose in LTE. MTX was washed out for 4 W at LTE baseline (BL); pts could (re)start MTX and/or other conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) ≥4 W after LTE first dosing.1 Efficacy data to LTE W48 and safety data are reported.ResultsAs of June 1, 2020, 439/492 (89%) and 144/169 (85%) pts who entered LTE from PS FIL200 and PS FIL100 groups, respectively, remained on LTE study treatment; of those rerandomized from MTX, 131/148 (89%) FIL200 and 133/151 (88%) FIL100 pts remained on study treatment. LTE BL characteristics were similar between FIL200 and FIL100 groups. After MTX washout, 17% of FIL200 and 23% of FIL100 pts (re)started MTX (at clinical judgment). ACR20/50/70 response rates among pts from PS FIL arms decreased modestly from LTE BL to W12 then stabilized. Among pts who switched from PS MTX to LTE FIL, response rates remained stable or improved to approach those of PS FIL pts by W48 (Figure 1). Similar trends were seen in DAS28(CRP) and CDAI. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), Grade ≥3 AEs, serious AEs, and infections were largely comparable across groups and did not increase after MTX to FIL switch. There were 6 deaths, all among PS FIL200 pts (Table 1).Table 1.EAIRs of TEAEs through June 2020EAIR (95% CI)FIL200+MTX →FIL200 →FIL100+MTX →MTX →MTX →FIL200 LTEFIL200 LTEFIL100 LTEFIL200 LTEFIL100 LTEn=325n=167n=169n=148n=151PYE=474.4PYE=232.5PYE=236.4PYE=213.4PYE=215.4TEAE49.7 (43.8, 56.5)46.9 (38.9, 56.6)49.9 (41.7, 59.8)50.6 (41.9, 61.1)46.4 (38.2, 56.5)TEAE Grade ≥37.2 (5.1, 10.0)6.5 (3.9, 10.7)10.2 (6.8, 15.1)7.0 (4.2, 11.7)7.0 (4.2, 11.6)TE serious AE5.9 (4.1, 8.5)6.0 (3.6, 10.2)8.9 (5.8, 13.6)6.6 (3.9, 11.1)6.5 (3.9, 11.0)Death1.1 (0.3, 2.5)0.4 (0.1, 3.1)0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)Infections28.5 (24.0, 33.7)29.7 (23.4, 37.6)27.5 (21.6, 35.1)28.6 (22.2, 36.7)27.4 (21.2, 35.4)Serious infections1.1 (0.4, 2.5)3.0 (1.4, 6.3)2.5 (1.1, 5.7)1.9 (0.7, 5.0)1.9 (0.7, 4.9)Opportunistic infections0.2 (0, 1.5)0 (0, 1.6)0.8 (0.2, 3.4)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)Herpes zoster0.8 (0.3, 2.2)1.7 (0.6, 4.6)0.8 (0.2, 3.4)1.9 (0.7, 5.0)0.9 (0.2, 3.7)MACE (adjudicated)0.6 (0.1, 1.8)0.9 (0.2, 3.4)0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)VTE (adjudicated for DVT/PE)0.2 (0, 1.2)0.4 (0.1, 3.1)0 (0, 1.6)0 (0, 1.7)0 (0, 1.7)Malignancies (excluding NMSC)0.6 (0.2, 2.0)0 (0, 1.6)1.7 (0.6, 4.5)0.5 (0, 2.6)0 (0, 1.7)NMSC0.6 (0.2, 2.0)0.4 (0.1, 3.1)0.8 (0.2, 3.4)0.5 (0, 2.6)0 (0, 1.7)DVT, deep vein thrombosis; EAIRs, exposure-adjusted incidence rates (per 100 patient-years of exposure); MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; NMSC, nonmelanoma skin cancer; PE, pulmonary embolism; VTE, venous thromboembolismFigure 1.ConclusionOverall, response rates improved from LTE BL to W48 for pts switched from PS MTX to FIL and decreased modestly for PS FIL pts. Rates of AEs of special interest were generally low and tended to be higher in pts maintained on FIL from PS. Safety findings in this subpopulation were comparable with the PS through W521 and with a 7-trial integrated safety analysis.2 Limitations: the LTE was not formally randomized at BL, the groups were of unequal size, and the switch from MTX to FIL for LTE was by design rather than based on disease activity.References[1]Westhovens R et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2021;80:727–38.[2]Winthrop K et al. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020;72(suppl 10): abstract 0229.AcknowledgementsFunding for the trials was provided by Galapagos NV and Gilead Sciences, Inc. The sponsors participated in the planning, execution, and interpretation of the research. This study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Medical writing support was provided by Gregory Bezkorovainy, MA, of AlphaScientia, LLC, San Francisco, CA; and funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA. Funding for this analysis was provided by Gilead Sciences, Inc.Disclosure of InterestsDaniel Aletaha Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Medac, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi/Genzyme, and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Medac, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and Sanofi/Genzyme, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Roche, Rene Westhovens Consultant of: Celltrion, Galapagos, and Gilead Sciences, Inc., Grant/research support from: Celltrion, Galapagos, and Gilead Sciences, Inc., Tatsuya Atsumi Speakers bureau: AbbVie Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Eisai Co. Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Pfizer Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, UCB Japan Co. Ltd, Consultant of: AbbVie Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Gilead Sciences, Inc., Pfizer Inc., UCB Japan Co. Ltd, Grant/research support from: AbbVie Inc., Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Pfizer Inc., YingMeei Tan Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Alena Pechonkina Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Qi Gong Shareholder of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Employee of: Gilead Sciences, Inc., Vijay Rajendran Shareholder of: Galapagos NV, Employee of: Galapagos NV, Sander Strengholt Shareholder of: Galapagos BV, Employee of: Galapagos BV, Gerd Rüdiger Burmester Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Pfizer

Published
2022
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38. Cross-Hybridization of Closely Related Genes on High-Density Macroarrays

Author

N.A. Miller, Q. Gong, R. Bryan, M. Ruvolo, L.A. Turner, and S.T. LaBrie

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

DNA macroarrays are used in many areas of molecular biology research for applications ranging from gene discovery to gene expression profiling. As an increasing number of specialized macroarrays containing genes related by function or pathway are becoming available, a question that needs to be addressed is the level of hybridization signal specificity between highly similar genes that can be achieved. We have examined the ability of our LifeGrid™ macroarrays to distinguish hybridization signals between closely related genes. We determined the level of cross-hybridization among genes ranging from 52% to 94% sequence identity. Fragments of genes from five protein families were arrayed onto nylon filters. The filters were subsequently hybridized with a 33P-labeled probe prepared from a pool of synthetic mRNA transcripts containing a representative of each protein family. We found that fragments containing sequences with up to 94% sequence identity displayed relatively little cross-hybridization. We conclude that this macroarray system is very specific and that hybridization signals from closely related genes can be reliably measured.

Published
2002
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39. A large family of antivirulence regulators modulates the effects of transcriptional activators in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

Author

Araceli E Santiago, Fernando Ruiz-Perez, Noah Y Jo, Vidhya Vijayakumar, Mei Q Gong, and James P Nataro

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

We have reported that transcription of a hypothetical small open reading frame (orf60) in enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) strain 042 is impaired after mutation of aggR, which encodes a global virulence activator. We have also reported that the cryptic orf60 locus was linked to protection against EAEC diarrhea in two epidemiologic studies. Here, we report that the orf60 product acts as a negative regulator of aggR itself. The orf60 protein product lacks homology to known repressors, but displays 44-100% similarity to at least fifty previously undescribed small (

Published
2014
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40. Author response for 'Efficacy of lifestyle intervention in adults with impaired glucose tolerance with and without impaired fasting plasma glucose: a post hoc analysis of Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study'

Author

null Qiuhong Gong, null Ping Zhang, null Jinping Wang, null Edward W. Gregg, null Yiling J. Cheng, null Guangwei Li, null Peter H. Bennett, null G. Li, null Q. Gong, null Y. An, null Y. Chen, null X. Feng, null X. Qian, null L. Zhang, null Y. Hui, null S. He, null X. Wang, null P. Zhang, null E.W. Gregg, null Y. J. Cheng, null T.J. Thompson, null R.B. Gerzoff, null J. Wang, null Y. Hu, null H. Li, null S. Wen, null P. Liu, null Y. Jiang, null Z. Hu, null X. Jiang, null J. Zhang, null R. Xi, null C. Pang, null W. Yang, null Z. An, null X. Sun, null C. Chen, null Y. Gang, null J. Liu, null B. Zhang, null J. Xiao, null X. Chen, null Y. Shuai, null H. Cao, null H. Zheng, null H. Zhang, null J. Hong, null X. Liu, null J. Ma, null W. Wang, null B. Chen, null B.V. Howard, null M. M. Engelgau, null G. Roglic, null P. H. Bennett, and null Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study Group

Published
2021
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41. [Urinary retinol binding protein and β

Author

S M, Li, Y A, Wang, W, Liu, Z Y, Wu, L, Chen, X L, Cai, R, Zhang, W J, Yang, Y, Liu, Y M, Ma, S Q, Gong, S M, Zhang, Q, Ren, X Y, Han, and L N, Ji

Subjects
Retinol-Binding Proteins, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Albumins, Creatinine, Albuminuria, Humans, beta 2-Microglobulin, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Published
2021

42. Zona dans le développement clinique du filgotinib dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde

Author

R. Besuyen, Jeffrey R. Curtis, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, G.-R. Burmester, James Galloway, L. Ye, Kevin L. Winthrop, Maya H Buch, I. Tiamiyu, Q. Gong, Koichi Amano, C. Leatherwood, Daniel Aletaha, and A. Pechonkina

Subjects
Rheumatology
Abstract

Introduction Filgotinib (FIL), inhibiteur preferentiel de JAK1 per os, a ameliore les signes et les symptomes de la polyarthrite rhumatoide (PR) dans 3 essais de phase 3. [1] , [2] , [3] . Les patients (pts) PR ont une augmentation du risque de reactivation du zona vs la population generale. L’inhibition de JAK est associee a une incidence accrue des infections, y compris de zona [4] . Objectifs Evaluer la tolerance a long terme pour le zona dans l’ensemble du programme clinique du FIL. Patients et methodes Les pts dans l’analyse poolee des etudes DARWIN1–2, FINCH1–3 et des extensions DARWIN3 et FINCH4 ont ete inclus. L’ensemble des donnees controlees vs PBO incluait les pts recevant FIL100, FIL200 ou PBO jusqu’a S12 et l’ensemble controle par traitement actif comprenait les pts recevant FIL100, FIL200, adalimumab (ADA) ou methotrexate (MTX) jusqu’a S52. L’ensemble des donnees a long terme incluait les patients recevant FIL100 ou FIL200, ADA, MTX ou PBO dans les 7 etudes ; les donnees apres re-randomisation ont ete incluses et ont contribuees au traitement recu. Les taux d’incidence ajustes en fonction de l’exposition (TIAE) pour 100 patients-annees, jusqu’au dernier jour de suivi, et les IC95 % ont ete calcules a l’aide de la regression de Poisson. Un modele de regression logistique a ete utilise pour l’analyse des facteurs de risque de zona apparu sous traitement, et les risques relatifs (RR) (IC95 %) et les p valeurs ont ete fournis. Resultats Le Tableau 1 montre les TIAE de zona apparus sous traitement dans l’analyse poolee. Les taux de zona etaient inferieurs pour FIL200 vs PBO dans l’analyse controlee vs PBO de 12S. A S52, les taux de zona etaient plus eleves pour FIL200/100 vs controle par traitement actif. Les taux de zona a long terme sont plus eleves pour FIL200 vs FIL100. La Fig. 1 montre les facteurs de risque de zona apparu sous traitement selon un modele de regression logistique multivariee. Dans l’analyse a long terme, sur 104 pts avec un zona apparu sous traitement, 5 recevant FIL200 avaient des ATCD de zona ; le TIAE (IC95 %) etait de 8,7 (3,6–21,0). En Asie, dans l’analyse a long terme, les TIAE (IC95 %) de zona sous traitement etaient : 3,7 (1,7–8,1) pour FIL200, n = 197 ; 2,8 (1,3–6,3) pour FIL100, n = 158 ; 0 pour ADA, n = 40 ; 2,8 (0,4–19,6) pour MTX, n = 43 ; et 3,4 (0,5–23,8) pour PBO, n = 77. Dans l’analyse a long terme du reste du monde, les TIAE (IC95 %) etaient : 1,6 (1,2–2,1) pour FIL200, n = 2070 ; 0,9 (0,6–1,5) pour FIL100, n = 1489 ; 0,8 (0,2–3,1) pour ADA, n = 285 ; 0,9 (0,3–2,9) pour MTX, n = 373 ; et 0,7 (0,2–2,9) pour PBO, n = 704. La plupart des zona apparus sous traitement etait d’intensite legere a moderee et sans gravite ; 6 etaient graves ; 2 etaient des recidives. Aucun zona visceral n’est survenu au cours du programme ; il y a eu 1 zona genital, 1 zona dissemine et 1 zona ophtalmique. Le zona dissemine est survenu chez un pt avec un ATCD de zona. La lymphopenie n’etait pas associee au zona dans l’analyse controlee vs PBO de 12S. Conclusion Le zona etait plus frequent dans les 2 groupes FIL vs ADA ou MTX jusqu’a 52S mais comparable au PBO dans l’analyse controlee par PBO de 12S. Dans les analyses multivariees, les ATCD de zona, la region asiatique et l’âge ≥ 50 ans etaient associes a un risque accru de zona.

Published
2021
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43. The impact of COVID-19 on subthreshold depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study

Author

C Y Lu, Roger S. McIntyre, H M Zhang, M Q Gong, B F Fan, L M W Lui, W Y Li, L Guo, Y H Liao, Y Lee, L J Li, and W X Wang

Subjects
Adult, Male, China, medicine.medical_specialty, Longitudinal study, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, subthreshold depressive symptoms, Anxiety, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Internal medicine, medicine, Psychoeducation, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Pandemics, Depression (differential diagnoses), Depression, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Odds ratio, Mental health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mental Health, Cohort, Original Article, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Aims The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents an unprecedented threat to mental health. Herein, we assessed the impact of COVID-19 on subthreshold depressive symptoms and identified potential mitigating factors. Methods Participants were from Depression Cohort in China (ChiCTR registry number 1900022145). Adults (n = 1722) with subthreshold depressive symptoms were enrolled between March and October 2019 in a 6-month, community-based interventional study that aimed to prevent clinical depression using psychoeducation. A total of 1506 participants completed the study in Shenzhen, China: 726 participants, who completed the study between March 2019 and January 2020 (i.e. before COVID-19), comprised the ‘wave 1’ group; 780 participants, who were enrolled before COVID-19 and completed the 6-month endpoint assessment during COVID-19, comprised ‘wave 2’. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and insomnia were assessed at baseline and endpoint (i.e. 6-month follow-up) using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively. Measures of resilience and regular exercise were assessed at baseline. We compared the mental health outcomes between wave 1 and wave 2 groups. We additionally investigated how mental health outcomes changed across disparate stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China, i.e. peak (7–13 February), post-peak (14–27 February), remission plateau (28 February−present). Results COVID-19 increased the risk for three mental outcomes: (1) depression (odds ratio [OR] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.62); (2) anxiety (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16–1.88) and (3) insomnia (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.07–1.77). The highest proportion of probable depression and anxiety was observed post-peak, with 52.9% and 41.4%, respectively. Greater baseline resilience scores had a protective effect on the three main outcomes (depression: OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.19–0.37; anxiety: OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.14–0.33 and insomnia: OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.11–0.28). Furthermore, regular physical activity mitigated the risk for depression (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.79–0.99). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic exerted a highly significant and negative impact on symptoms of depression, anxiety and insomnia. Mental health outcomes fluctuated as a function of the duration of the pandemic and were alleviated to some extent with the observed decline in community-based transmission. Augmenting resiliency and regular exercise provide an opportunity to mitigate the risk for mental health symptoms during this severe public health crisis.

Published
2021
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44. Application of Sarcosaprophagous Insects to Estimate the Postmortem Interval in 11 Cases

Author

Y, Wang, M Q, Liao, Y H, Wang, Q, Gong, W, Xu, M, Wang, Y N, Zhang, and J F, Wang

Subjects
Insecta, Diptera, Larva, Postmortem Changes, Animals, Autopsy, Entomology
Abstract

Objective To test the feasibility and accuracy of with sarcosaprophagous insects postmortem interval （PMI） estimation with sarcosaprophagous insects and provide references for estimation practice. Methods Eleven cases confirmed by the detection results, with complete entomological evidence were selected. The insect species, estimation results and true results involved in the cases were statistically analyzed and compared. Results Thirteen species of insects were found at the criminal scene, including应用嗜尸性昆虫推断死亡时间11例.目的 检验嗜尸性昆虫推断死亡时间的可行性及准确度，为鉴定实践提供参考。 方法 筛选11例已破案证实且昆虫学证据比较完整的案件，对案件中出现的昆虫种类、推断结果及真实结果进行统计和对比分析。 结果 案发现场所发现的昆虫包括大头金蝇、绯颜裸金蝇、乌足锡蝇、丝光绿蝇、厚环黑蝇、厩腐蝇、麻蝇（未鉴定具体种类）、蛆症异蚤蝇、黑水虻、丽腐阎甲、大隐翅甲、白腹皮蠹和赤颈郭公甲共13种。11例案件死亡时间均落在推断的时间范围内，其中72.73%的案件推断结果及真实结果在同一天。 结论 嗜尸性昆虫可以简单方便地推断死亡时间，死亡时间在蝇类或甲虫发育一代时间内的案件，推断结果比较准确，超过此范围，准确度降低。.法医昆虫学；死亡时间推断；嗜尸性昆虫；案例分析.

Published
2021

45. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

Author

D. KLIONSKY, A. ABDEL-AZIZ, S. ABDELFATAH, M. ABDELLATIF, A. ABDOLI, S. ABEL, H. ABELIOVICH, M. ABILDGAARD, Y. ABUDU, A. ACEVEDO-AROZENA, I. ADAMOPOULOS, K. ADELI, T. ADOLPH, A. ADORNETTO, E. AFLAKI, G. AGAM, A. AGARWAL, B. AGGARWAL, M. AGNELLO, P. AGOSTINIS, J. AGREWALA, A. AGROTIS, P. AGUILAR, S. AHMAD, Z. AHMED, U. AHUMADA-CASTRO, S. AITS, S. AIZAWA, Y. AKKOC, T. AKOUMIANAKI, H. AKPINAR, A. AL-ABD, L. AL-AKRA, A. AL-GHARAIBEH, M. ALAOUI-JAMALI, S. ALBERTI, E. ALCOCER-GOMEZ, C. ALESSANDRI, M. ALI, M. AL-BARI, S. ALIWAINI, J. ALIZADEH, E. ALMACELLAS, A. ALMASAN, A. ALONSO, G. ALONSO, N. ALTAN-BONNET, D. ALTIERI, S. ALVES, C. DA COSTA, M. ALZAHARNA, M. AMADIO, C. AMANTINI, C. AMARAL, S. AMBROSIO, A. AMER, V. AMMANATHAN, Z. AN, S. ANDERSEN, S. ANDRABI, M. ANDRADE-SILVA, A. ANDRES, S. ANGELINI, D. ANN, U. ANOZIE, M. ANSARI, P. ANTAS, A. ANTEBI, Z. ANTON, T. ANWAR, L. APETOH, N. APOSTOLOVA, T. ARAKI, Y. ARAKI, K. ARASAKI, W. ARAUJO, J. ARAYA, C. ARDEN, M. AREVALO, S. ARGUELLES, E. ARIAS, J. ARIKKATH, H. ARIMOTO, A. ARIOSA, D. ARMSTRONG-JAMES, L. ARNAUNE-PELLOQUIN, A. AROCA, D. ARROYO, I. ARSOV, R. ARTERO, D. ASARO, M. ASCHNER, M. ASHRAFIZADEH, O. ASHUR-FABIAN, A. ATANASOV, A. AU, P. AUBERGER, H. AUNER, L. AURELIAN, R. AUTELLI, L. AVAGLIANO, Y. AVALOS, S. AVEIC, C. AVELEIRA, T. AVINWITTENBERG, Y. AYDIN, S. AYTON, S. AYYADEVARA, M. AZZOPARDI, M. BABA, J. BACKER, S. BACKUES, D. BAE, O. BAE, S. BAE, E. BAEHRECKE, A. BAEK, S. BAEK, G. BAGETTA, A. BAGNIEWSKA-ZADWORNA, H. BAI, J. BAI, X. BAI, Y. BAI, N. BAIRAGI, S. BAKSI, T. BALBI, C. BALDARI, W. BALDUINI, A. BALLABIO, M. BALLESTER, S. BALAZADEH, R. BALZAN, R. BANDOPADHYAY, S. BANERJEE, Y. BAO, M. BAPTISTA, A. BARACCA, C. BARBATI, A. BARGIELA, D. BARILA, P. BARLOW, S. BARMADA, E. BARREIRO, G. BARRETO, J. BARTEK, B. BARTEL, A. BARTOLOME, G. BARVE, S. BASAGOUDANAVAR, D. BASSHAM, R. JR, A. BASU, H. BATOKO, I. BATTEN, E. BAULIEU, B. BAUMGARNER, J. BAYRY, R. BEALE, I. BEAU, F. BEAUMATIN, L. BECHARA, G. BECK, M. BEERS, J. BEGUN, C. BEHRENDS, G. BEHRENS, R. BEI, E. BEJARANO, S. BEL, C. BEHL, A. BELAID, N. BELGAREH-TOUZE, C. BELLAROSA, F. BELLEUDI, M. PEREZ, R. BELLO-MORALES, J. BELTRAN, S. BELTRAN, D. BENBROOK, M. BENDORIUS, B. BENITEZ, I. BENITO-CUESTA, J. BENSALEM, M. BERCHTOLD, S. BEREZOWSKA, D. BERGAMASCHI, M. BERGAMI, A. BERGMANN, L. BERLIOCCHI, C. BERLIOZ-TORRENT, A. BERNARD, L. BERTHOUX, C. BESIRLI, S. BESTEIRO, V. BETIN, R. BEYAERT, J. BEZBRADICA, K. BHASKAR, I. BHATIA-KISSOVA, R. BHATTACHARYA, S. BHATTACHARYA, S. BHATTACHARYYA, M. BHUIYAN, S. BHUTIA, L. BI, X. BI, T. BIDEN, K. BIJIAN, V. BILLES, N. BINART, C. BINCOLETTO, A. BIRGISDOTTIR, G. BJORKOY, G. BLANCO, A. BLAS-GARCIA, J. BLASIAK, R. BLOMGRAN, K. BLOMGREN, J. BLUM, E. BOADA-ROMERO, M. BOBAN, K. BOESZEBATTAGLIA, P. BOEUF, B. BOLAND, P. BOMONT, P. BONALDO, S. BONAM, L. BONFILI, J. BONIFACINO, B. BOONE, M. BOOTMAN, M. BORDI, C. BORNER, B. BORNHAUSER, G. BORTHAKUR, J. BOSCH, S. BOSE, L. BOTANA, J. BOTAS, C. BOULANGER, M. BOULTON, M. BOURDENX, B. BOURGEOIS, N. BOURKE, G. BOUSQUET, P. BOYA, P. BOZHKOV, L. BOZI, T. BOZKURT, D. BRACKNEY, C. BRANDTS, R. BRAUN, G. BRAUS, R. BRAVO-SAGUA, J. BRAVO-SAN PEDRO, P. BREST, M. BRINGER, A. BRIONES-HERRERA, V. BROADDUS, P. BRODERSEN, E. ALVAREZ, J. BRODSKY, S. BRODY, P. BRONSON, J. BRONSTEIN, C. BROWN, R. BROWN, P. BRUM, J. BRUMELL, N. BRUNETTI-PIERRI, D. BRUNO, R. BRYSON-RICHARDSON, C. BUCCI, C. BUCHRIESER, M. BUENO, L. BUITRAGO-MOLINA, S. BURASCHI, S. BUCH, J. BUCHAN, E. BUCKINGHAM, H. BUDAK, M. BUDINI, G. BULTYNCK, F. BURADA, J. BURGOYNE, M. BURON, V. BUSTOS, S. BUTTNER, E. BUTTURINI, A. BYRD, I. CABAS, S. CABRERA-BENITEZ, K. CADWELL, J. CAI, L. CAI, Q. CAI, M. CAIRO, J. CALBET, G. CALDWELL, K. CALDWELL, J. CALL, R. CALVANI, A. CALVO, M. BARRERA, N. CAMARA, J. CAMONIS, N. CAMOUGRAND, M. CAMPANELLA, E. CAMPBELL, F. CAMPBELL-VALOIS, S. CAMPELLO, I. CAMPESI, J. CAMPOS, O. CAMUZARD, J. CANCINO, D. DE ALMEIDA, L. CANESI, I. CANIGGIA, B. CANONICO, C. CANTI, B. CAO, M. CARAGLIA, B. CARAMES, E. CARCHMAN, E. CARDENAL-MUNOZ, C. CARDENAS, L. CARDENAS, S. CARDOSO, J. CAREW, G. CARLE, G. CARLETON, S. CARLONI, D. CARMONA-GUTIERREZ, L. CARNEIRO, O. CARNEVALI, J. CAROSI, S. CARRA, A. CARRIER, L. CARRIER, B. CARROLL, A. CARTER, A. CARVALHO, M. CASANOVA, C. CASAS, J. CASAS, C. CASSIOLI, E. CASTILLO, K. CASTILLO, S. CASTILLO-LLUVA, F. CASTOLDI, M. CASTORI, A. CASTRO, M. CASTRO-CALDAS, J. CASTRO-HERNANDEZ, S. CASTRO-OBREGON, S. CATZ, C. CAVADAS, F. CAVALIERE, G. CAVALLINI, M. CAVINATO, M. CAYUELA, P. RICA, V. CECARINI, F. CECCONI, M. CECHOWSKA-PASKO, S. CENCI, V. CEPERUELO-MALLAFRE, J. CERQUEIRA, J. CERUTTI, D. CERVIA, V. CETINTAS, S. CETRULLO, H. CHAE, A. CHAGIN, C. CHAI, G. CHAKRABARTI, O. CHAKRABARTI, T. CHAKRABORTY, M. CHAMI, G. CHAMILOS, D. CHAN, E. CHAN, H. CHAN, M. CHAN, Y. CHAN, P. CHANDRA, C. CHANG, H. CHANG, K. CHANG, J. CHAO, T. CHAPMAN, N. CHARLET-BERGUERAND, S. CHATTERJEE, S. CHAUBE, A. CHAUDHARY, S. CHAUHAN, E. CHAUM, F. CHECLER, M. CHEETHAM, C. CHEN, G. CHEN, J. CHEN, L. CHEN, M. CHEN, N. CHEN, Q. CHEN, R. CHEN, S. CHEN, W. CHEN, X. CHEN, Y. CHEN, Z. CHEN, H. CHENG, J. CHENG, S. CHENG, W. CHENG, X. CHENG, Y. CHENG, Z. CHENG, H. CHEONG, J. CHEONG, B. CHERNYAK, S. CHERRY, C. CHEUNG, K. CHEUNG, E. CHEVET, R. CHI, A. CHIANG, F. CHIARADONNA, R. CHIARELLI, M. CHIARIELLO, N. CHICA, S. CHIOCCA, M. CHIONG, S. CHIOU, A. CHIRAMEL, V. CHIURCHIU, D. CHO, S. CHOE, A. CHOI, M. CHOI, K. CHOUDHURY, N. CHOW, C. CHU, J. CHUA, H. CHUNG, K. CHUNG, S. CHUNG, Y. CHUNG, V. CIANFANELLI, I. CIECHOMSKA, M. CIFUENTES, L. CINQUE, S. CIRAK, M. CIRONE, M. CLAGUE, R. CLARKE, E. CLEMENTI, E. COCCIA, P. CODOGNO, E. COHEN, M. COHEN, T. COLASANTI, F. COLASUONNO, R. COLBERT, A. COLELL, N. COLL, M. COLLINS, M. COLOMBO, D. COLON-RAMOS, L. COMBARET, S. COMINCINI, M. COMINETTI, A. CONSIGLIO, A. CONTE, F. CONTI, V. CONTU, M. COOKSON, K. COOMBS, I. COPPENS, M. CORASANITI, D. CORKERY, N. CORDES, K. CORTESE, M. COSTA, S. COSTANTINO, P. COSTELLI, A. COTO-MONTES, P. CRACK, J. CRESPO, A. CRIOLLO, V. CRIPPA, R. CRISTOFANI, T. CSIZMADIA, A. CUADRADO, B. CUI, J. CUI, Y. CUI, E. CULETTO, A. CUMINO, A. CYBULSKY, M. CZAJA, S. CZUCZWAR, S. D'ADAMO, M. D'AMELIO, D. D'ARCANGELO, A. D'LUGOS, G. D'ORAZI, J. DA SILVA, H. DAFSARI, R. DAGDA, Y. DAGDAS, M. DAGLIA, X. DAI, Y. DAI, J. DAL COL, P. DALHAIMER, L. DALLA VALLE, T. DALLENGA, G. DALMASSO, M. DAMME, I. DANDO, N. DANTUMA, A. DARLING, H. DAS, S. DASARATHY, S. DASARI, S. DASH, O. DAUMKE, A. DAUPHINEE, J. DAVIES, V. DAVILA, R. DAVIS, T. DAVIS, S. NAIDU, F. DE AMICIS, K. DE BOSSCHER, F. DE FELICE, L. DE FRANCESCHI, C. DE LEONIBUS, M. BARBOSA, G. DE MEYER, A. DE MILITO, C. DE NUNZIO, C. DE PALMA, M. DE SANTI, C. DE VIRGILIO, D. DE ZIO, J. DEBNATH, B. DEBOSCH, J. DECUYPERE, M. DEEHAN, G. DEFLORIAN, J. DEGREGORI, B. DEHAY, G. DEL RIO, J. DELANEY, L. DELBRIDGE, E. DELORME-AXFORD, M. DELPINO, F. DEMARCHI, V. DEMBITZ, N. DEMERS, H. DENG, Z. DENG, J. DENGJEL, P. DENT, D. DENTON, M. DEPAMPHILIS, C. DER, V. DERETIC, A. 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TAM, D. TAMPELLINI, A. TAMURA, C. TAN, E. TAN, Y. TAN, M. TANAKA, D. TANG, J. TANG, T. TANG, I. TANIDA, Z. TAO, M. TAOUIS, L. TATENHORST, N. TAVERNARAKIS, A. TAYLOR, G. TAYLOR, J. TAYLOR, E. TCHETINA, A. TEE, I. TEGEDER, D. TEIS, N. TEIXEIRA, F. TEIXEIRA-CLERC, K. TEKIRDAG, T. TENCOMNAO, S. TENREIRO, A. TEPIKIN, P. TESTILLANO, G. TETTAMANTI, P. THARAUX, K. THEDIECK, A. THEKKINGHAT, S. THELLUNG, J. THINWA, V. THIRUMALAIKUMAR, S. THOMAS, P. THOMES, A. THORBURN, L. THUKRAL, T. THUM, M. THUMM, L. TIAN, A. TICHY, A. TILL, V. TIMMERMAN, V. TITORENKO, S. TODI, K. TODOROVA, J. TOIVONEN, L. TOMAIPITINCA, D. TOMAR, C. TOMAS-ZAPICO, B. TONG, C. TONG, X. TONG, S. TOOZE, M. TORGERSEN, S. TORII, L. TORRES-LOPEZ, A. TORRIGLIA, C. TOWERS, R. TOWNS, S. TOYOKUNI, V. TRAJKOVIC, D. TRAMONTANO, Q. TRAN, L. TRAVASSOS, C. TRELFORD, S. TREMEL, I. TROUGAKOS, B. TSAO, M. TSCHAN, H. TSE, T. TSE, H. TSUGAWA, A. TSVETKOV, D. TUMBARELLO, Y. TUMTAS, M. TUNON, S. TURCOTTE, B. TURK, V. TURK, B. TURNER, R. 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ZHANG, W. ZHANG, X. ZHANG, Y. ZHANG, Z. ZHANG, H. ZHAO, L. ZHAO, S. ZHAO, T. ZHAO, X. ZHAO, Y. ZHAO, G. ZHENG, K. ZHENG, L. ZHENG, S. ZHENG, X. ZHENG, Y. ZHENG, Z. ZHENG, B. ZHIVOTOVSKY, Q. ZHONG, A. ZHOU, B. ZHOU, C. ZHOU, G. ZHOU, H. ZHOU, J. ZHOU, K. ZHOU, R. ZHOU, X. ZHOU, Y. ZHOU, Z. ZHOU, B. ZHU, C. ZHU, G. ZHU, H. ZHU, W. ZHU, Y. ZHU, H. ZHUANG, X. ZHUANG, K. ZIENTARA-RYTTER, C. ZIMMERMANN, E. ZIVIANI, T. ZOLADEK, W. ZONG, D. ZOROV, A. ZORZANO, W. ZOU, Z. ZOU, S. ZURYN, W. ZWERSCHKE, B. BRAND-SABERI, C. KENCHAPPA, S. OSHIMA, Y. RONG, J. SLUIMER, and C. STALLINGS

Subjects
flux, macroautophagy, phagophore, stress, vacuole, Autophagosome, LC3, lysosome, neurodegeneration, cancer
Abstract

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.

Published
2021

48. Parecoxib prevents nucleus pulposus cells apoptosis by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress

Author

C-H, Yang, W-L, Qi, C-W, Zhao, W-J, Cai, Q, Gong, J-Y, Niu, W-H, Zhao, and L, Xu

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nucleus Pulposus, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Cell Survival, Interleukin-1beta, Humans, Apoptosis, Female, Isoxazoles, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main cause of spine diseases, and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells is an important risk factor for the degeneration of intervertebral discs. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in multiple apoptosis processes. This study investigated whether the specific COX-2 inhibitor parecoxib can inhibit NP cell apoptosis induced by ER stress.Human NP cells were isolated from the disc tissue collected from IVDD patients. We used IL-1β to establish an NP cell degenerated model. Degenerated levels were detected by the analysis of cell viability, collagen II, collagen X, aggrecan, TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-13 expression. ER stress status was examined by GRP78 and CHOP expression. Apoptosis level was mainly indicated by the positive apoptotic cells and caspase-12 expression. CHOP-plasmid transfection was performed to overexpress the CHOP protein level.IL-1β could induce the decrease of viability, collagen Ⅱ, aggrecan, but an increase of collagen X, TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-13 in NP cells, as well as the upregulation of GRP78/PERK/caspase-12 and apoptosis level, which could be inhibited by parecoxib. Parecoxib could also suppress CHOP caused by COX-2 upregulation and apoptosis in NP cells.Parecoxib is a safe and efficient COX-2 inhibitor to NP cells, which could prevent NP cells apoptosis by suppressing ER stress.

Published
2020

49. [Genes associated with

Author

Y F, Wang, K, He, W, Guo, H F, Wang, D H, Zhang, M Q, Gong, M J, Ji, and L, Chen

Subjects
China, Culex, Cytoplasm, Animals, Genes, Insect, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Wolbachia
Abstract

To investigate the genes involved inThe cytoplasmic incompatibility was tested among three natural populations ofBidirectional compatibility was found between the natural populations ofDifferent

Published
2020

50. Association between air pollution and atopic dermatitis in Guangzhou, China: modification by age and season

Author

C J Wang, J Sun, C L Wan, Z M Qian, Jen Jen Chang, H L Wang, E Shacham, H Xian, D F Ning, Y Q Gong, J B Zhong, S Q Zhang, R D Yang, J Q Wang, and H L Lin

Subjects
Adult, China, Adolescent, Air pollution, Dermatology, Warm season, medicine.disease_cause, Dermatitis, Atopic, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Air pollutants, Environmental health, Air Pollution, medicine, Humans, Child, Sensitivity analyses, Air Pollutants, Ambient air pollution, business.industry, Potential effect, Atopic dermatitis, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, Particulate Matter, Seasons, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND The short-term effect of ambient air pollution on atopic dermatitis (AD), along with its effect modifiers, has not been fully addressed. OBJECTIVES To examine the short-term associations between air pollution and AD, and to identify effect modifications by age and season. METHODS We used the generalized additive model to evaluate the short-term effect of ambient air pollution on daily hospital visits for AD, adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify potential effect modifications by season and age (< 18 years and ≥ 18 years). RESULTS A total of 29 972 hospital visits for AD were recorded in Guangzhou, China, from 19 January 2013 to 31 December 2017. Among them, 72·8% were visits by children and 51·4% occurred in the cool season. Acute and delayed effects on AD hospital visits were significant for all air pollutants. Stronger effects were seen in the cool season (approximately 1·7-3·0 times higher than effects in the warm season). Stronger effects were also observed in children (approximately 1·3-1·8 times higher than effects in adults). Sensitivity analyses indicated the results were robust. CONCLUSIONS Air pollution might be an important trigger for AD in subtropical Guangzhou, China. Children are more vulnerable than adults, and the effects are stronger in the cool season.

Published
2020

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