Search

Objective To detect the expression of mitochondrial dynamics proteins (Mfn2 and Drp1) in thyroid squamous carcinoma cell line SW579 and the effects of Mitochondrial division inhibitor, Mdivi-1, on proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of SW579. Methods In SW579 and Nthy-ori 3-1 cell lines, the expression levels of Mfn2 and Drp1 were determined by western blot while the transcription level of Mfn2 and Drp1 mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. Then, SW579 cells were divided into control group (DMSO, 0.1%) and Mdivi-1 low, medium and high dose groups (Mdivi-1 of 15, 30 and 45 µmol/L were incubated with cells for 16 hours respectively). Then the ability of cell proliferation was detected using MTT assay, the mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by fluorescence spectrophotometer, the expression levels of cytochrome C and Caspase-3 were quantified by Western blot and the transcription level of the Cyt C and Caspase-3 mRNA were determined by RT-PCR. The ability of invasion in each group was measured with Transwell assays. Results Compared with Nthy-ori 3-1, the mRNA transcription and protein expression levels of the Mfn2 was remarkably decreased, while the mRNA transcription and protein expression of the Drp1 was significantly increased in SW579 cells (P<0.01). Compared with control group, the cell survival rates and mitochondrial membrane potential of SW579 were decreased dramatically (P<0.01). The mRNA transcription and protein expression of the cytochrome C and Caspase-3 were increased dramatically (P<0.01) and the capability of invasion was markedly decreased in all the Mdivi-1 groups in a dosage dependent manner compared with those in control groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Abnormal mitochondrial dynamics may be involved in thyroid squamous cell carcinoma SW579 cells; Mdivi-1 can inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion as well as induce apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the nucleocytoplasmic translocation of inhibitor of growth family member 5 (ING5) gene in human breast cancer and the negative correlation between the nuclear high expression of ING5 protein and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Methods We collected 260 cases of clinical primary breast cancer, 55 cases of metastatic cancer in lymph node, 61 cases of breast fibroadenoma, 110 cases of adenomatosis, and 91 cases of para-cancerous tissues. With the tissue microarrays, we detected ING5 expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm through immunohistochemistry, and statistically analyzed the correlations of nuclear and cytoplasmic ING5 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Results The expression of nuclear ING5 in the para-cancerous tissues was obviously higher than that in the fibroadenoma, adenomatosis and primary breast cancer; it was higher in the adenomatosis than in the primary breast cancer, and higher in the primary breast cancer than in the metastatic cancer in lymph node. The cytoplasmic ING5 expression in the para-carcinoma tissue was higher than that in the fibroadenoma, adenomatosis and primary breast cancer. These data suggested the nucleocytoplasmic translocation of ING5 protein in breast cancer. Moreover, nuclear ING5 high expression was negatively correlated with distant metastasis and positively with P53 expression, while cytoplasmic ING5 high expression was positively correlated with tumor size and estrogen receptor expression. The cytoplasm ING5 expression of triple-negative breast cancer was lower than that in the non-triple-negative breast cancer. Conclusion Nucleocytoplasmic translocation of ING5 protein occurs in breast cancer, and the high expression of nuclear ING5 is inversely related to some poor clinicopathological behaviors of breast cancer.

Objective: To explore the expression of A-kinase anchor protein 95 (AKAP95), Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and Connexin43 (Cx43) in rectal cancer tissues and assess the associations between each of the proteins and pathological parameters, as well as their inter-relationships., Methods: AKAP95, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and Cx43 protein expression rates were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 50 rectal cancer specimens and 16 pericarcinoma tissues., Results: The positive rates of AKAP95, Cyclin E1, and Cyclin D1 proteins were 54.00 vs. 18.75%, 62.00 vs. 6.25%, and 72.00 vs. 31.25% in rectal cancer specimens and pericarcinoma tissues, respectively, representing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The positive rate of Cx43 protein expression in rectal cancer tissues was 44.00% and 62.50% in pericarcinoma tissues, and the difference between them was not significant (P > 0.05). No significant associations were found between protein expression of AKAP95, Cyclin E1, Cyclin D1, and Cx43, and the degree of differentiation, histological type, and lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer (P > 0.05). However, significant correlations were obtained between the expression rates of AKAP95 and Cyclin E1, Cyclin E1 and Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1 and Cx43 protein, and Cyclin D1 and Cx43, respectively (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: AKAP95, Cyclin E1, and Cyclin D1 protein expression rates were significantly higher in rectal cancer tissues compared with pericarcinoma samples, suggesting an association between these proteins and the development and progression of rectal cancer. In addition, the significant correlations between the proteins (AKAP95 and Cyclin E1, Cyclin E1 and Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1 and Cx43 protein, and Cyclin D1 and Cx43) indicate the possible synergistic effects of these factors in the development and progression of rectal cancer.

Background: Serine threonine kinase 15 (STK15) is a kind of mitotic kinase. The overexpression of STK15 is significantly associated with carcinogenesis in many tumors, however, its expression and significance in human lung cancer are still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of STK15 in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung and to analyze the correlation between STK15 expression and clinicopathological factors., Methods: The pattern of STK15 protein expression was detected in 44 squamous cell carcinomas, 36 adenocarcinomas and 20 paracancerous lung tissue samples by immunohistochemistry method using anti-STK15 antibody. The relative quantity of STK15 protein expression was detected by Western blot, and STK15 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR in 40 fresh lung cancer samples and corresponding paracancerous lung tissues., Results: Positive expression rate of STK15 protein was 68.75% (55/80) in lung cancer tissues and 0% in paracancerous controls (P < 0.001). STK15 expression was significantly related to differentiation grade of lung cancer (P=0.011), but not to histological classification, TNM stages or lymphatic metastasis (P > 0.05). The relative expression levels of STK15 protein (P < 0.001 ) and STK15 mRNA (P < 0.001) in lung cancer tissues were both significantly higher than those of corresponding paracancerous lung tissues., Conclusions: The expression of STK15 protein and STK15 mRNA is significantly higher in lung cancer tissues than that in paracancerous lung tissues. The expression of STK15 correlates with differentiation of lung cancer.

Background: So-called pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) is an uncommon tumor of the lung and its histogenesis and origin are uncertain to date. A general consensus appears to have been reached that PSH is a benign neoplasm, but a few PSHs are found to invade and metastasize. The expression of p53 protein and mutation of p53 gene are significant parameters which can reflect biological behavior of tumor cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the p53 protein expression and p53 gene mutation in PSH, and explore their significance., Methods: The expression of p53 protein and mutation of p53 gene were examined in polygonal cells and cuboidal cells of PSH by immunohistochemical method, laser capture microdissection (LCM), single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequencing., Results: The positive rate of p53 protein was 21.1% (4/19) and the mutation rate of p53 gene was 26.3% (5/19) by SSCP and 42.1% (8/19) by DNA sequencing respectively. In 4 cases of immunopositive PSH tissues, 2 were missense mutations, and 1 was both missense and frameshift mutation. Out of 15 cases of immunonegative PSH tissues, 4 were frameshift mutations and 1 was missense mutation. Of 8 PSH tissues with p53 gene mutation, 5 were identified in only polygonal cells, and 2 in only cuboidal cells and 1 in both polygonal and cuboidal cells., Conclusions: The expression of p53 protein may not be indicative of p53 gene mutation in PSH. The alteration of p53 gene and the expression of p53 protein are identified in both polygonal and cuboidal cells. The high mutation rate of p53 gene may indicate that PSH has potentially malignant biological behavior.

Background: So-called pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) is a rare kind of pulmonary tumor. Its histological origin and nature, which have become research hot spots for many years, are still uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the immunophenotype of cuboidal cells and polygonal cells through observing the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and p120ctn in cuboidal cells and polygonal cells of PSH., Methods: Expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and p120 ctn was detected in 25 cases of PSH samples and 8 cases of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor samples by immunohistochemistry., Results: Immunohistochemistry results showed that the surface cuboidal cells of PSH were strongly positive on membrane for E-cadherin, β-catenin and p120 ctn , with cytoplasmic positive expression of β-catenin. However,the polygonal cells were negative for E-cadherin, cytoplasmic positive for β-catenin and predominantly cytoplasmic positive and weakly membranous positive for p120ctn . In polygonal cells, all the three adhesion molecules showed heterogenicity staining. The cytoplasm and membrane of inner covering cells in the hemorrhagic pattern were positively stained for E-cadherin, β-catenin and p120ctn . The expression of the three adhesion molecules in hyperplastic type II alveolar cells of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor was similar to cuboidal cells of PSH., Conclusions: It is concluded that cuboidal cells of PSH may be the hyperplastic type II alveolar cells, whereas polygonal cells are true tumor cells lacking the E-cadherin/catenin complex which is expressed in well differentiated epithelial cells. The inner covering cells in the hemorrhagic pattern of PSH are perhaps epithelial cells as cuboidal cells rather than vascular endothelial cells.

We present experimental results on the changes of lines in two-photon photopolymerization microfabrication. Polymerized lines remain straight, become wavy, and even float away with increased focus height as the sample is moved closer to the focusing lens. The influence of the focus height, the incident laser energy, and the scan speed was studied. The lower the incident energy or the faster the scan speed, the more easily the lines become wavy. From the focus height at which the lines become wavy and float away, we can estimate the lateral and longitudinal size of a voxel.