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The feasibility and value of developing functional staple steamed bread fabricated with edible Chinese herbs is discussed from the aspects of development ideas,the necessity of technical research,technical points,marketing demand,technical stateat home and abroad and its developing trend in the future etc.

BACKGROUND: The exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus and other probiotics are associated with many benefits, such as immune regulation, antioxidant properties, antitumor effect, and regulation of intestinal microbe homeostasis. In the present study, the modulatory effect of EPS produced by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ZFM231 on the intestinal flora of mice with inflammatory bowel disease induced by dextran sulfate solution was investigated. RESULTS: Results indicated that weight loss, colonic length, the disease activity index score and colonic tissue damage in mice were significantly improved by EPS treatment. Compared with the model group, in the EPS‐treated group, the diversity of and the composition of gut microbiota at both phylum and genus levels were found to recover to the levels of normal group, indicating the effective modulation on gut microbiota by EPS; short‐chain fatty acids, including acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid produced by intestinal microbial metabolism, increased significantly; the level of anti‐inflammatory factor transforning growth factor‐β significantly increased and the level of pro‐inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor‐α significantly decreased in the colonic cells of EPS‐treated mice. CONCLUSION: It is clear that EPS produced by L. rhamnosus ZFM231 could find application in functional foods with the property of anti‐ulcerative colitis. The experimental results provide new insights into the probiotic effect of EPS. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation (containing the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation) in western Hubei is the key area of shale gas exploration in Sichuan Basin. Based on the drilling data, the matrix pore structure and fracture of the Longmaxi Formation shale in western Hubei have been quantitatively evaluated in the paper applied for a dual-porosity medium porosity interpretation model, which preliminarily found three reservoir characteristics in the organic-rich shale of Longmaxi Formation in western Hubei. (1) The pore type is dominated by matrix porosity with micro-fractures developed only at local depth points or segments. (2) The total porosity is small and about half of the Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan, whose pore types are mainly composed of the intercrystalline pores of clay minerals and organic pores. (3) The primary reason for the significant decrease of matrix pore volume and poor gas-bearing properties is basically similar to the Qiongzhusi Formation in southern Sichuan, which is that the thermal maturity of black shale is too high and carbonation characteristics of organic matter have appeared, and the distribution area of ultra-low resistivity organic-rich shale controlled by organic carbonization is a high-risk area for shale gas exploration. lt is inferred that the Lichuan-Enshi area (i.e., Wells A-HY1 area) is a serious organic matter carbonization zone with high exploration risk. The eastern Shizhu-Wanxian synclinorium (around Well JS1) is a weak organic carbonization zone and relatively higher risk for exploration. The wide-spread area of the southern Well EY1 and the western Well C7 is an organic non-carbonization zone, hence a potential favorable area for shale gas exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Iodothyronine deiodinases (DIOs) are important selenoproteins that play a key role in the bone and joint diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease especially in elders. This bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore the role of DIOs in OA pathogenesis. Methods The biological functions of selenoprotein DIOs were analyzed by bioinformatic techniques, including GenCLip 3.0, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), STRING, Cytoscape, and Network Analyst. The expression of DIOs in the healthy individuals and OA patients was determined by mining OA-related microarray data in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database of National Center for Biotechnology Information and performing a Meta-analysis of the data with Review Manager 5.3. Results Cluster analysis revealed that the function of the DIOs was associated with thyroid hormone receptor and iodothyronine; GO analysis showed that DIOs were mainly involved in biological processes, such as ethanol metabolism and phenol-containing compound metabolism and primarily involved in the cytochrome P450 metabolism of exogenous organisms and thyroid hormone signaling; SULT1A1 was the core node of the PPI network; miRNAs and thyroid hormones had some iterations with DIO1 and DIO2 ; Meta-analysis showed that DIO3 expression was significantly up-regulated in OA patients ( SMD = 0.31, 95% CI : 0.03, 0.59, P = 0.03). Conclusions The main biological functions of DIOs were closely associated with the regulation of thyroid hormone. And the up-regulated expression of DIO3 may have crucial impact on the occurrence of OA.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)genes and the clinical prognosis in glioma patients,and to construct and evaluate the model for predicting the prognosis of glioma. Methods The clinical information and GPX expression of 663 patients,including 153 patients of glioblastoma(GBM)and 510 patients of low-grade glioma(LGG),were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.The relationship between GPX expression and patient survival was analyzed.The key GPX affecting the prognosis of glioma was screened out by single- and multi-factor Cox's proportional-hazards regression models and validated by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(Lasso)regression.Finally,we constructed the model for predicting the prognosis of glioma with the screening results and then used concordance index and calibration curve respectively to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of model. Results Compared with those in the control group,the expression levels of GPX1,GPX3,GPX4,GPX7,and GPX8 were up-regulated in glioma patients(all P <0.001).Moreover,the expression levels of other GPX except GPX3 were higher in GBM patients than in LGG patients(all P <0.001).The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the progression-free survival of GBM with high expression of GPX1( P =0.013)and GPX4( P =0.040),as well as the overall survival,disease-specific survival,and progression-free survival of LGG with high expression of GPX1,GPX7,and GPX8,was shortened(all P <0.001).GPX7 and GPX8 were screened out as the key factors affecting the prognosis of LGG.The results were further used to construct a nomogram model,which suggested GPX7 was the most important variable.The concordance index of the model was 0.843(95% CI =0.809-0.853),and the calibration curve showed that the predicted and actual results had good consistency. Conclusion GPX7 is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of LGG,and the nomogram model constructed with it can be used to predict the survival rate of LGG.