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Production profiling technology is an important method for monitoring the dynamics of oil and gas reservoirs which can effectively improve the efficiency of oil recovery. Production profiling is a technique in which a test instrument is lowered from the tubing to the bottom of the well to measure flow, temperature, pressure, and density in a multi-layer section of a producing well. Normal production profiling process needs to stop production, operate complex, consume long time and high cost. Furthermore, the profile cannot be continuously monitored for a long time. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a production profiling interpretation method based on reservoir primitive microbial DNA sequencing. The microbial stratigraphic baseline with high-resolution features is obtained by sampling and DNA sequencing of produced fluid and cuttings from different wells. Specifically, the random forest algorithm is preferred and improved by comparing the accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and running time of three clustering methods: Naïve-Bayes classifier, random forest classifier, and back-propagation classifier. Constructing PSO-random forest model is based on stratigraphic records and produced fluid bacteria features. The computational accuracy and efficiency of this method allows it to describe the production profile for each formation. Moreover, this test process does not need to stop production with simple operation and does not pollute the formation. Meanwhile, by sampling fluid production at different stages, it can achieve the purpose of long-term effective dynamic monitoring of the reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theories of classified management which are based on risk governance are introduced into the newly revised Regulation on the Supervision and Administration of Medical Devices , but the punishments on the manufacturers of unconformity products are not classified based on the severity and risks caused by the test items. This article analysed the disadvantages of current punishment measures on the manufacturers of unconformity products and the theoretical basis of classified punishments. The feasibility of classified punishments had also been studied and some basis of discretionary punishments was provided under the current regulations.