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An organocatalytic route has been developed for the isomerization of exo‐vinylene carbonates (exo‐VCs) to endo‐vinylene carbonates (endo‐VCs). The exo‐VC starting material can easily be obtained from propargylic alcohols via cyclization with carbon dioxide. In this study, these exo‐VCs are shown to isomerize to the thermodynamically more stable endo‐VCs in the presence of an N‐heterocyclic base and phenol. Density functional theory (DFT) studies were conducted to elucidate the mechanism, tackling difficulties of the description of charge separation steps. This isomerization process delivers an ample diversity of endo‐VCs in good to excellent yields and chemoselectivities under mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal when imaging bioprocesses with optical microscopy is to acquire the most spatiotemporal information with the least invasiveness. Deep neural networks have substantially improved optical microscopy, including image super-resolution and restoration, but still have substantial potential for artifacts. In this study, we developed rationalized deep learning (rDL) for structured illumination microscopy and lattice light sheet microscopy (LLSM) by incorporating prior knowledge of illumination patterns and, thereby, rationally guiding the network to denoise raw images. Here we demonstrate that rDL structured illumination microscopy eliminates spectral bias-induced resolution degradation and reduces model uncertainty by five-fold, improving the super-resolution information by more than ten-fold over other computational approaches. Moreover, rDL applied to LLSM enables self-supervised training by using the spatial or temporal continuity of noisy data itself, yielding results similar to those of supervised methods. We demonstrate the utility of rDL by imaging the rapid kinetics of motile cilia, nucleolar protein condensation during light-sensitive mitosis and long-term interactions between membranous and membrane-less organelles. Rationalized deep learning improves image reconstruction by incorporating prior knowledge of illumination patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new catalytic route has been developed for the coupling of epoxides and CO2 affording polymerizable six‐membered bicyclic carbonates. Cyclic epoxides equipped with a β‐positioned OH group can be transformed into structurally diverse bicyclic cyclic carbonates in good yields and with high selectivity. Key to the chemo‐selectivity is the difference between the reactivity of syn‐ and anti‐configured epoxy alcohols, with the latter leading to six‐membered ring carbonate formation in the presence of a binary AlIII aminotriphenolate complex/DIPEA catalyst. X‐ray analyses show that the conversion of the syn‐configured substrate evolves via a standard double inversion pathway providing a five‐membered carbonate product, whereas the anti‐isomer allows for activation of the oxirane unit of the substrate opposite to the pendent alcohol. The potential use of these bicyclic products is shown in ring‐opening polymerization offering access to rigid polycarbonates with improved thermal resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new catalytic route has been developed for the coupling of epoxides and CO2 affording polymerizable six‐membered bicyclic carbonates. Cyclic epoxides equipped with a β‐positioned OH group can be transformed into structurally diverse bicyclic cyclic carbonates in good yields and with high selectivity. Key to the chemo‐selectivity is the difference between the reactivity of syn‐ and anti‐configured epoxy alcohols, with the latter leading to six‐membered ring carbonate formation in the presence of a binary AlIII aminotriphenolate complex/DIPEA catalyst. X‐ray analyses show that the conversion of the syn‐configured substrate evolves via a standard double inversion pathway providing a five‐membered carbonate product, whereas the anti‐isomer allows for activation of the oxirane unit of the substrate opposite to the pendent alcohol. The potential use of these bicyclic products is shown in ring‐opening polymerization offering access to rigid polycarbonates with improved thermal resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new class of nickel(II) oxyquinoline--bipyridine complexes, namely, [Ni(La1)2(Lb6)] (Ni1), [Ni(La1)2(Lb2)] ·CH3OH (Ni2), [Ni(La7)2(Lb11)]·2H2O (Ni3), [Ni(La1)2(Lb9)] (Ni4), [Ni(La1)2(Lb8)] (Ni5), [Ni(La2)2(Lb1)] (Ni6), [Ni(La2)2(Lb6)]·CH3OH (Ni7), [Ni(La2)2(Lb11)]·CH3OH (Ni8), [Ni(La2)2(Lb3)] (Ni9), [Ni(La2)2(Lb2)]·CH3OH (Ni10), [Ni(La2)2(Lb5)]·CH3OH (Ni11), [Ni(La2)2(Lb7)] (Ni12), [Ni(La3)2(Lb2)] (Ni13), [Ni(La4)2(Lb4)]·2CH3OH (Ni14), [Ni(La4)2(Lb8)]·2.5CH3OH (Ni15), [Ni(La4)2(Lb11)]·1.5CH3OH (Ni16), [Ni(La5)2(Lb7)] (Ni17), [Ni (La5)2(Lb10)]·CH3OH (Ni18), [Ni(La6)2(Lb11)]·3CH3OH (Ni19), [Ni(La7)2(Lb7)]·2CH3OH (Ni20), [Ni (La7)2(Lb8)]·2CH3OH (Ni21) and [Ni(La7)2(Lb1)]·2CH3OH (Ni22) bearing oxyquinoline (H-La1--H-La7) and bipyridine derivatives (Lb1--Lb11) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray crystallography, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). An MTT method suggested that the IC50 values of Ni1--Ni22 for A549/DDP tumor cells were 0.25--25.14 μM, but these complexes exhibited low cytotoxicity toward normal HL-7702 cells (>50 μM). Ni2 could induce A549/ DDP tumor cell apoptosis, cause a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm), and increase the intracellular [Ca2+] and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels better than Ni10, Ni13, and Ni14. Autophagic and western blot assays showed that Ni2, Ni10, Ni13, and Ni14 could induce autophagy and regulate the expression of LC3 II/I, Beclin1, P62, PINK1, and Parkin proteins, and the inducibility activities were in the order of Ni2 > Ni14 > Ni13 > Ni10. Taken together, these results revealed that the nickel(II) oxyquinoline--bipyridine complex Ni2 inhibited cell growth in A549/DDP tumor cells via mitophagy pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conceptually novel approach is described for the synthesis of six‐membered cyclic carbonates derived from carbon dioxide. The approach utilizes homoallylic precursors that are converted into five‐membered cyclic carbonates having a β‐positioned alcohol group in one of the ring substituents. The activation of the pendent alcohol group through an N‐heterocyclic base allows equilibration towards a thermodynamically disfavored six‐membered carbonate analogue that can be trapped by an acylating agent. Various control experiments and computational analysis of this manifold are in line with a process that is primarily dictated by a kinetically controlled acylation step. This cascade process delivers an ample diversity of six‐membered cyclic carbonates in excellent yields and chemoselectivities under mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conceptually novel approach is described for the synthesis of six‐membered cyclic carbonates derived from carbon dioxide. The approach utilizes homoallylic precursors that are converted into five‐membered cyclic carbonates having a β‐positioned alcohol group in one of the ring substituents. The activation of the pendent alcohol group through an N‐heterocyclic base allows equilibration towards a thermodynamically disfavored six‐membered carbonate analogue that can be trapped by an acylating agent. Various control experiments and computational analysis of this manifold are in line with a process that is primarily dictated by a kinetically controlled acylation step. This cascade process delivers an ample diversity of six‐membered cyclic carbonates in excellent yields and chemoselectivities under mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The realization of spin–orbit-coupled ultracold gases has driven a wide range of research and is typically based on the rotating wave approximation (RWA). By neglecting the counter-rotating terms, RWA characterizes a single near-resonant spin–orbit (SO) coupling in a two-level system. Here, we propose and experimentally realize a new scheme for achieving a pair of two-dimensional (2D) SO couplings for ultracold fermions beyond RWA. This work not only realizes the first anomalous Floquet topological Fermi gas beyond RWA, but also significantly improves the lifetime of the 2D-SO-coupled Fermi gas. Based on pump–probe quench measurements, we observe a deterministic phase relation between two sets of SO couplings, which is characteristic of our beyond-RWA scheme and enables the two SO couplings to be simultaneously tuned to the optimum 2D configurations. We observe intriguing band topology by measuring two-ring band-inversion surfaces, quantitatively consistent with a Floquet topological Fermi gas in the regime of high Chern numbers. Our study can open an avenue to explore exotic SO physics and anomalous topological states based on long-lived SO-coupled ultracold fermions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A straightforward Lewis acid‐promoted protocol for 3,3′‐bisindolylmethanes (BIMs) synthesis by reductive alkylation of indoles at the C3 position with carboxylic acids in the presence of hydrosilane was developed for the first time. Instead of aldehydes, more readily available, stable, and easy‐to‐handle carboxylic acids have been employed as alternative alkylating agents. As an efficient organocatalyst, B(C6F5)3 enables the reductive alkylation of various substituted indole derivatives with carboxylic acids with up to 98 % yield at room temperature and under neat conditions. This metal‐free strategy offers an alternative approach for the direct functionalization of indoles to BIMs with carboxylic acids and such protocol allows selective reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehyde in combination with C−C bond formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the common delayed complication of supracondylar fractures in children, cubitus valgus/varus deformity might lead to pain and loss of motion of the elbow. The current corrective treatment might not be accurate enough and even contribute to postoperative deformity. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical value of preoperative simulated surgery on 3D model-assisted osteotomy feasibility verification and surgical guidance for cubitus valgus/varus deformity. Methods: Seventeen patients were selected from January 2017 and November 2019. Deformities were analyzed from imaging data and 3D models and corrected after the simulated operations. The radiographic evaluation comprised osseous union, carrying angle, and anteversion angle of the distal humerus. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scoring system. Results: All patients underwent the operation successfully and had no postoperative deformity. The carrying angle was significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.001). The anteversion angle of the distal humerus did not change significantly (P > 0.05). The HSS score rose after surgery (P < 0.001). The function of the elbow joint was excellent in seven cases and good in ten cases. Conclusion: Simulated surgery on 3D model plays an important role in osteotomy plan and surgical guidance, contributing to good surgical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the common delayed complication of supracondylar fractures in children, cubitus valgus/varus deformity might lead to pain and loss of motion of the elbow. The current corrective treatment might not be accurate enough and even contribute to postoperative deformity. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical value of preoperative simulated surgery on 3D model-assisted osteotomy feasibility verification and surgical guidance for cubitus valgus/varus deformity. Methods: Seventeen patients were selected from January 2017 and November 2019. Deformities were analyzed from imaging data and 3D models and corrected after the simulated operations. The radiographic evaluation comprised osseous union, carrying angle, and anteversion angle of the distal humerus. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scoring system. Results: All patients underwent the operation successfully and had no postoperative deformity. The carrying angle was significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.001). The anteversion angle of the distal humerus did not change significantly (P > 0.05). The HSS score rose after surgery (P < 0.001). The function of the elbow joint was excellent in seven cases and good in ten cases. Conclusion: Simulated surgery on 3D model plays an important role in osteotomy plan and surgical guidance, contributing to good surgical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various oxygen-nucleophiles especially carboxylates, e.g. cesium/tetrabutylammonium carboxylate, were proved to be efficient and selective catalysts for reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and hydrosilanes to methylamines. Various amines including aromatic and aliphatic, primary and secondary ones were methylated successfully in the presence of diphenylsilane as the reductant under 50 °C and an atmospheric pressure of CO2. Furthermore, a reaction pathway involving CO2 reduction to the C0 species i.e. aminal rather than the formamide as the intermediate was proposed. This protocol represents a transition metal-free and environmentally friendly option for CO2 conversion to useful chemicals via the formation of C–N bonds coupled with six-electron reduction of CO2 to the methanol level under mild conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

5-Chloro-3-ethyl- N -(4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenethyl)-1 H -indole-2-carboxamide (ORG27569, 1 ) is a prototypical allosteric modulator for the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. Based on this indole-2-carboxamide scaffold, we designed and synthesized novel CB1 allosteric modulators that possess photoactivatable functionalities, which include benzophenone, phenyl azide, aliphatic azide and phenyltrifluoromethyldiazrine. To assess their allosteric effects, the dissociation constant (K B ) and allosteric binding cooperativity factor (α) were determined and compared to their parent compounds. Within this series, benzophenone-containing compounds 26 and 27 , phenylazide-containing compound 28 , and the aliphatic azide containing compound 36b showed allosteric binding parameters (K B and α) comparable to their parent compound 1 , 7 , 8 , and 9 , respectively. We further assessed these modulators for their impact on G-protein coupling activity. Interestingly, these compounds exhibited negative allosteric modulator properties in a manner similar to their parent compounds, which antagonize agonist-induced G-protein coupling. These novel CB1 allosteric modulators, possessing photoactivatable functionalities, provide valuable tools for future photo-affinity labeling and mapping the CB1 allosteric binding site(s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the common delayed complication of supracondylar fractures in children, cubitus valgus/varus deformity might lead to pain and loss of motion of the elbow. The current corrective treatment might not be accurate enough and even contribute to postoperative deformity. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical value of preoperative simulated surgery on 3D model-assisted osteotomy feasibility verification and surgical guidance for cubitus valgus/varus deformity. Methods: Seventeen patients were selected from October 2016 to November 2019. Deformities were analyzed from imaging data and 3D models and corrected after the simulated operations. The radiographic evaluation comprised osseous union, carrying angle, and anteversion angle of the distal humerus. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scoring system. Results: All patients underwent the operation successfully and had no postoperative deformity. The carrying angle was significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.001). The anteversion angle of the distal humerus did not change significantly (P > 0.05). The HSS score rose after surgery (P < 0.001). The function of the elbow joint was excellent in seven cases and good in ten cases. Conclusion: Simulated surgery on 3D model plays an important role in osteotomy plan and surgical guidance, contributing to good surgical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new catalytic route has been developed for the coupling of epoxides and CO2 affording polymerizable six‐membered bicyclic carbonates. Cyclic epoxides equipped with a β‐positioned OH group can be transformed into structurally diverse bicyclic cyclic carbonates in good yields and with high selectivity. Key to the chemo‐selectivity is the difference between the reactivity of syn‐ and anti‐configured epoxy alcohols, with the latter leading to six‐membered ring carbonate formation in the presence of a binary AlIII aminotriphenolate complex/DIPEA catalyst. X‐ray analyses show that the conversion of the syn‐configured substrate evolves via a standard double inversion pathway providing a five‐membered carbonate product, whereas the anti‐isomer allows for activation of the oxirane unit of the substrate opposite to the pendent alcohol. The potential use of these bicyclic products is shown in ring‐opening polymerization offering access to rigid polycarbonates with improved thermal resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kelvin's model is widely used to simulate the dynamic characteristic of a resilient mat under a slab track. To develop an effective calculation model for a resilient mat using a solid element, a three-parameter viscoelasticity model (3PVM) was employed. With the help of the user-defined material mechanical behavior, the proposed model was implemented in software ABAQUS. To validate the model, a laboratory test was performed on a slab track with a resilient mat. Then, a finite element model of the track-tunnel-soil system was built. The calculation results using the 3PVM was compared with those using Kelvin's model and the test results. The results indicate that the 3PVM can better reflect the dynamic characteristics of resilient mat than Kelvin's model, especially over 10 Hz. Compared with the test results, the 3PVM has an average error of 2.7 dB and a max error of 7.9 dB at 5 Hz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a 689-nm cavity-based laser system for cooling and trapping strontium atoms. The laser is stabilized to a high-finesse cavity by the Pound–Drever–Hall technique, exhibiting a frequency stability in the 10 - 14 range for averaging times up to 100 s. A cavity drift of 8 kHz per day is mapped out and compensated. At short times, the laser exhibits a linewidth of a few kilohertz. With this laser system, we realize a magneto-optical trap of strontium operated on the narrow inter-combination transition yielding sub-microkelvin temperatures, and demonstrate absorption spectroscopy on the strontium inter-combination line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ruminants have a very complex digestive system adapted for the digestion of cellulose rich food. Gene duplications have been central in the process of adapting their digestive system for this complex food source. One of the new loci involved in food digestion is the lysozyme c locus where cows have ten active such genes compared to a single gene in humans and where four of the bovine copies are expressed in the abomasum, the real stomach. The second locus that has become part of the ruminant digestive system is the chymase locus. The chymase locus encodes several of the major hematopoietic granule proteases. In ruminants, genes within the chymase locus have duplicated and some of them are expressed in the duodenum and are therefore called duodenases. To obtain information on their specificities and functions we produced six recombinant proteolytically active duodenases (three from cows, two from sheep and one from pigs). Two of the sheep duodenases were found to be highly specific tryptases and one of the bovine duodenases was a highly specific asp-ase. The remaining two bovine duodenases were dual enzymes with potent tryptase and chymase activities. In contrast, the pig enzyme was a chymase with no tryptase or asp-ase activity. These results point to a remarkable flexibility in both the primary and extended specificities within a single chromosomal locus that most likely has originated from one or a few genes by several rounds of local gene duplications. Interestingly, using the consensus cleavage site for the bovine asp-ase to screen the entire bovine proteome, it revealed Mucin-5B as one of the potential targets. Using the same strategy for one of the sheep tryptases, this enzyme was found to have potential cleavage sites in two chemokine receptors, CCR3 and 7, suggesting a role for this enzyme to suppress intestinal inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chlorquinaldol-zinc(II)-bipyridine complexes CYQ1 – CYQ6 may trigger the cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. [Display omitted] • • Six chlorquinaldol-zinc(II)-bipyridine complexes CYQ1 – CYQ6 have been designed. • • CYQ1 – CYQ6 may trigger the cell apoptosis via a mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. • • Complexes CYQ1 – CYQ6 are more selective for SK-OV-3/DDP cancer cells versus HL-7702 normal cells. Non-platinum coordination metal compounds display great potential as antiproliferative drugs. Herein, six chlorquinaldol (H-ClQL) non-Pt-metal complexes, including with [Zn(ClQL) 2 (CY1)] (CYQ1), [Zn(ClQL) 2 (CY2)] (CYQ2), [Zn(ClQL) 2 (CY3)] (CYQ3), [Zn(ClQL) 2 (CY4)] (CYQ4), [Zn(ClQL) 2 (CY5)] (CYQ5) and [Zn(ClQL) 2 (CY6)] (CYQ6) bearing 1,10-phenanthroline (CY1), bathophenanthroline (CY2), 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl (CY3), 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl (CY4), 4,7-dichloro-1,10-phenanthroline (CY5) and 2,2′-dipyridyl (CY6), have been designed and evaluated for their antitumor effects. Among them, CYQ2 showed higher antitumor efficacy than CYQ1 , CYQ3 – CYQ6 , CY1–CY6 and cisplatin against cisplatin-resistance SK-OV-3/DDP (SKO3CR) cancer cells. Further studies revealed that CYQ2 and CYQ6 suppressed SKO3CR cancer cells by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, chlorquinaldol-bipyridine coordination metal compounds CYQ1 – CYQ7 can be used as a new Pt-resistant cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction to the article "Preoperative simulated surgery on 3D model assists osteotomy feasibility verification and surgical guidance for patients with cubitus valgus/varus deformity: a retrospective observational study," published online on August 8, 2023 is presented.

An efficient, sustainable organocatalyst, glycine betaine, was developed for the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and diphenylsilane. Methylamines and formamides were obtained in high yield by tuning the CO2 pressure and reaction temperature. Based on identification of the key intermediate, that is, the aminal, an alternative mechanism for methylation involving the C0 silyl acetal and aminal is proposed. Furthermore, reducing the CO2 amount afforded aminals with high yield and selectivity. Therefore, betaine catalysis affords products with a diversified energy content that is, formamides, aminals and methylamines, by hierarchical two-, four- and six-electron reduction, respectively, of CO2 coupled with C−N bond formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient, sustainable organocatalyst, glycine betaine, was developed for the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and diphenylsilane. Methylamines and formamides were obtained in high yield by tuning the CO2 pressure and reaction temperature. Based on identification of the key intermediate, that is, the aminal, an alternative mechanism for methylation involving the C0 silyl acetal and aminal is proposed. Furthermore, reducing the CO2 amount afforded aminals with high yield and selectivity. Therefore, betaine catalysis affords products with a diversified energy content that is, formamides, aminals and methylamines, by hierarchical two-, four- and six-electron reduction, respectively, of CO2 coupled with C−N bond formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective and inexpensive organocatalyst tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) was developed for the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines to selectively afford formamides or methylamines by employing hydrosilanes. Hydrosilanes with different substituents show discriminatory reducing activity. Thus, the formation of formamides and further reduction products, that is, methylamines could be controlled by elegantly tuning hydrosilane types. Formamides were obtained exclusively under an atmospheric pressure of CO2 with triethoxysilane. Using phenylsilane as a reductant, methylamines were attained with up to 99 % yield at 50 °C coupled to a complete deoxygenation of CO2. The crucial intermediate silyl formate in the formylation step was identified and thereby a tentative mechanism involving the fluoride-promoted hydride transfer from the hydrosilane to CO2/formamide was proposed. Striking features of this metal-free protocol are formylation and methylation of amines by reductive functionalization of CO2 with hydrosilanes and mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four novel bifluorescent Zn(II)–cryptolepine–cyclen complexes, namely [Zn(BQTC)]Cl 2 (Zn(BQTC)), [Zn(BQA) (Cur)Cl] (Zn(BQACur)), [Zn (TC)]Cl 2 (Zn(TC)), and [Zn (AP) (Cur)Cl] (Zn(APCur)), bearing curcumin (H-Cur), cyclen (TC), 1,10-phenanthrolin-5-amine (AP), and novel cryptolepine–cyclen derivatives (BQTC and BQA) were prepared for cell nucleus- and mitochondria-specific imaging. MTT assay results indicated that Zn(BQTC) and Zn(BQACur) exhibit stronger anticancer activity against cisplatin-resistant A549R lung tumor cells than ZnCl 2 , Zn(TC) , Zn(APCur) , H-Cur, TC, AP, BQTC, and BQA. Due to the dual fluorescence characteristic of Zn(BQTC) , selective fluorescence imaging of the nucleus and mitochondria of A549R cancer cells was conducted. Further, Zn(BQTC) , obtained by the functionalization of Zn(TC) with cryptolepine derivative substituents, efficiently inhibited DNA synthesis, thus resulting in high cytotoxicity (selective for A549R lung tumor cells) accompanied by DNA impairment in nuclear and mitochondrial fractions. Additionally, Zn(BQTC) caused severe damage to the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA), sequentially disrupted mitochondrial and nuclear functions, and promoted the DNA damage–induced apoptotic signaling pathway and adenosine triphosphate depletion (ATP). Thus, Zn(BQTC) can be used as an anticancer drug by targeting mtDNA and nDNA. Most importantly, Zn(BQTC) showed higher efficacy in inhibiting cancer growth (55.9%) in A549R tumor-bearing mice than Zn(TC) (31.2%) and cisplatin, along with a promising in vivo safety profile. These results demonstrate the applicability of the developed novel bifluorescent Zn(II)–cryptolepine–cyclen complexes as promising DNA-targeting anticancer agents for cancer treatment. [Display omitted] • Zn(II) macrocyclic coordination complexes are demonstrated. • Cryptolepine–cyclen derivatives were first used as ligands. • Zn(II)–cryptolepine–cyclen complexes displayed dual fluorescence. • The complexes with DNA-targeting antitumor agents can be used for cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the characterization of a laser frequency stabilization scheme using a state-of-the-art wavelength meter based on solid Fizeau interferometers. For a frequency-doubled Ti-sapphire laser operated at 461 nm, an absolute Allan deviation below 10−9 with a standard deviation of 1 MHz over 10 h is achieved. Using this laser for cooling and trapping of strontium atoms, the wavemeter scheme provides excellent stability in single-channel operation. Multi-channel operation with a multimode fiber switch results in fluctuations of the atomic fluorescence correlated to residual frequency excursions of the laser. The wavemeter-based frequency stabilization scheme can be applied to a wide range of atoms and molecules for laser spectroscopy, cooling, and trapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient and environmentally benign tungstate catalyst for reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and phenylsilane was developed. By simply varying the pressure, 2-electron or 6-electron reduction of CO2 was successfully achieved with simultaneous C–N bond formation, thus leading to the formation of formamides and methylamines, respectively. That is, secondary and primary amines furnished the corresponding methylamines or dimethylamines in excellent yields under atmospheric pressure of CO2, while various formamides were formed in yields ranging from 52% to 98% when increasing the CO2 pressure to 2 MPa. 1H NMR studies and control experiments demonstrate that N-formylation proceeds through the formation of silyl formate, while N-methylation proceeds through an aminal intermediate generated by 4-electron reduction of CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the characterization of a laser frequency stabilization scheme using a state-of-the-art wavelength meter based on solid Fizeau interferometers. For a frequency-doubled Ti-sapphire laser operated at 461 nm, an absolute Allan deviation below 10−9 with a standard deviation of 1 MHz over 10 h is achieved. Using this laser for cooling and trapping of strontium atoms, the wavemeter scheme provides excellent stability in single-channel operation. Multi-channel operation with a multimode fiber switch results in fluctuations of the atomic fluorescence correlated to residual frequency excursions of the laser. The wavemeter-based frequency stabilization scheme can be applied to a wide range of atoms and molecules for laser spectroscopy, cooling, and trapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic conversion of CO2 to give value ‐ added chemicals at atmospheric pressure still remains challenging. In this study, a fluoride ‐ promoted metal ‐ free protocol has been developed for the highly efficient and selective reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and hydrosilanes under mild conditions. Formamide and methylamines could be accessed by tuning the hydrosilane type. This protocol offers chemoselective two ‐ or six ‐ electron reduction of CO2 in combination with C−N bond construction. More information can be found in the Full Paper by L. ‐ N. He et al. on page 16489 ff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim of shedding some light on the mechanism of action of zinc(II) complexes in antiproliferative processes and molecular signaling pathways, three novel glycosylated zinc(II)–cryptolepine complexes, i.e., [Zn(QA1)Cl 2 ] (Zn(QA1)), [Zn(QA2)Cl 2 ] (Zn(QA2)), and [Zn(QA3)Cl 2 ] (Zn(QA3)), were prepared by conjugating a glucose moiety with cryptolepine, followed by complexation of the resulting glycosylated cryptolepine compounds N -((1-(2-morpholinoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-amine (QA1), 2-(4-((benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-ylamino)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)ethan-1-ol (QA2), and (2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-(4-((benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-ylamino)-methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (QA3) with zinc(II), and their anticancer activity was evaluated. In MTT assays, Zn(QA1) – Zn(QA3) were more active against cisplatin-resistant ovarian SK-OV-3/DDP cancer cells (SK-OV-3cis) than ZnCl 2 and the QA1 – QA3 ligands, with IC 50 values of 1.81 ± 0.50, 2.92 ± 0.32, and 1.01 ± 0.11 μM, respectively. Complexation of glycosylated cryptolepine QA3 with zinc(II) increased the antiproliferative activity of the ligand, suggesting that Zn(QA3) could act as a chaperone to deliver the active ligand intracellularly, in contrast with other cryptolepine metal complexes previously reported. In vivo and in vitro investigations suggested that Zn(QA3) exhibited enhanced anticancer activity with treatment effects comparable to those of the clinical drug cisplatin. Furthermore, Zn(QA1) – Zn(QA3) triggered SK-OV-3cis cell apoptosis through mitophagy pathways in the order Zn(QA1) > Zn(QA1) > Zn(QA2). These results demonstrate the potential of glycosylated zinc(II)–cryptolepine complexes for the development of chemotherapy drugs against cisplatin-resistant SK-OV-3cis cells. [Display omitted] • Novel glycosylation zinc(II)-cryptolepine complexes Zn(QA1) – Zn(QA3) have been firstly prepared. • Complexes Zn(QA1) – Zn(QA3) perturb mitophagy-mediated apoptosis pathways. • Complex Zn(QA3) showed high anticancer activity in vitro and vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational ghost imaging (CGI) achieves single-pixel imaging by using a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) to generate structured illuminations for spatially resolved information encoding. The imaging speed of CGI is limited by the modulation frequency of available SLMs, and sets back its practical applications. This paper proposes to bypass this limitation by trading off SLM's redundant spatial resolution for multiplication of the modulation frequency. Specifically, a pair of galvanic mirrors sweeping across the high resolution SLM multiply the modulation frequency within the spatial resolution gap between SLM and the final reconstruction. A proof-of-principle setup with two middle end galvanic mirrors achieves ghost imaging as fast as 42 Hz at 80 × 80-pixel resolution, 5 times faster than state-of-the-arts, and holds potential for one magnitude further multiplication by hardware upgrading. Our approach brings a significant improvement in the imaging speed of ghost imaging and pushes ghost imaging towards practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]