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C24H27FN6O4, monoclinic, C2 (no. 5), a = 19.7270(4) Å, b = 6.4057(2) Å, c = 36.3058(8) Å, β = 94.602(2)°, V = 4573.0(2) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt (F) = 0.0625, wRref (F 2) = 0.1565, T = 100 K.

C24H27FN6O4, monoclinic, C2 (no. 5), a = 19.7270(4) Å, b = 6.4057(2) Å, c = 36.3058(8) Å, β = 94.602(2)°, V = 4573.0(2) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0625, wRref(F2) = 0.1565, T = 100 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) effectively captures the growth and frequency characteristics of individual modes, enabling the construction of reduced-order models for flow evolution, thereby facilitating the prediction of fluid dynamic behavior. However, DMD's predictive accuracy is inherently constrained by its inability to inherently incorporate physical principles. Therefore, for dense particulate pipe flows with complex flow mechanisms, we introduce a physics-informed dynamic mode decomposition (PIDMD) approach, which augments the purely data-driven DMD framework by incorporating the conservation of mass as a constraint. This ensures that the extracted dynamic modes adhere to known physical principles. Initially, we apply the DMD to reconstruct and predict the velocity field, comparing the results against benchmark computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) simulations. Findings indicate that while DMD can reconstruct the flow field simulated by CFD-DEM and provide predictions of future flow states, its predictive accuracy gradually deteriorates over time. Next, we utilize both PIDMD and DMD to reconstruct and predict particle volume fraction, evaluating both models based on CFD-DEM outcomes. The results indicate that both PIDMD and DMD can predict particle aggregation toward the center, but PIDMD provides more accurate predictions regarding the size of particle aggregations and their distribution near the tube wall. Furthermore, the average prediction error for particle volume fraction using PIDMD is 6.54%, which is lower than the error of 13.49% obtained by DMD. Both qualitative and quantitative comparisons highlight the superior predictive capability of PIDMD. The methodology developed in this study provides valuable insights for high-precision predictions of particulate flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the probability of crane safety accidents, this paper proposes a method to quickly calculate the remaining life of the crane based on radial basis function（RBF）neural network. Taking a bridge crane in a factory as an example, an ANSYS finite element model is established based on actual parameters, and the model is modified through on-site measured data, and a static analysis is performed to obtain the location of the fatigue calculation point. Firstly, taking position of the trolley and the lifting load as input layer, the equivalent stress value at any point as output layer to stimulate the typical working conditions of crane operation. Secondly, to obtain time stress curve at any point quickly by using the well-trained RBF neural network model. Finally, to evaluate the residual life according to the damage tolerance fracture mechanics method. The results show that the time stress curve can be quickly obtained from any node by using the radial basis neural network model, which greatly decreased cumbersome process and save the cost in the crane site measurement, and realize the fast acquisition of the time stress curve to calculate the fatigue remaining life. Completing the estimation of the remaining fatigue life of the bridge crane provides a reliable basis for the long-term safe use and later maintenance of the crane.

High‐flux solar simulator (HFSS) commonly serves as a vital instrument for conducting material testing and thermochemical experiments, offering valuable applications in the fields of photovoltaic cells and concentrated solar energy. This paper proposes a continuously adjustable HFSS based on light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), which can be employed for experimental testing in the solar cell aging. First, an irradiation unit module has been built using high‐power LEDs and total internal reflection lenses, and the irradiation performance of the single unit has been validated. In theory, a dome layout model is proposed, in which a detailed geometric analysis is provided for the maximum number of units that can be accommodated on the dome, considering unit size and dome dimensions. Subsequently, aluminum disc has been used as thermal flux sensors, and the irradiation distribution of the system is characterized using a charge‐coupled device observation camera and Lambertian board. The results indicate that the system offers an adjustable average flux ranging from 1.6 to 9.04 kW/m2 when the system input current is in the range of 7.2–54 A. Additionally, the system demonstrates a spatial nonuniformity of 2% within a 10‐mm diameter (Φ = 10 mm) region test region and temporal instability of 2% within 30 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, conjugated polymers (CPs) and their nanoparticles (CPNs) were widely concerned and applied in many fields due to their outstanding advantages such as higher absorption coefficients, good photostability, low toxicity and good biocompatibility. However, most reports were focused on their applications, and rare attentions were given on the synthesis of CPs and the effect factors of CPNs’ morphology and properties. In this work, four CPs (P1, P2, P3, P4) with different length side chains were synthetized by Wittig–Horner reaction and further used to prepare CPNs by the nano-precipitation method. The CPs and CPNs were characterized and analyzed by Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The absorbance and fluorescence emission spectra of CPs in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and CPNs solutions with different length side chains were investigated, and their quantum yields (Фs) were calculated by the reference method. The results showed that the synthetic CPs have narrow polydispersity index. Some interesting phenomenon appeared with the increased side chain length. The molecular weights will reduce except P3, and the absorbance and fluorescence emission spectra of CPs and CPNs are red-shifted. Фs are better and enlarged for CPs and CPNs, and better dispersion and uniform size were founded with longer side chains.

In order to achieve time–frequency superresolution in comparison to the conventional Wigner distribution (WD), this study generalizes the well-known τ -Wigner distribution (τ -WD) with only one parameter τ to the multiple-parameter matrix-Wigner distribution (M-WD) with the parameter matrix M. According to operator theory, we construct Heisenberg's inequalities on the uncertainty product in M-WD domains and formulate two kinds of attainable lower bounds dependent on M. We solve the problem of lower bound minimization and obtain the optimality condition of M , under which the M-WD achieves superior time–frequency resolution. It turns out that the M-WD breaks through the limitation of the τ -WD and gives birth to some novel distributions other than the WD that could generate the highest time–frequency resolution. As an example, the two-dimensional linear frequency-modulated signal is carried out to demonstrate the time–frequency concentration superiority of the M-WD over the short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Castleman disease is a rare and complicated disease. A case of Castleman disease (CD) in a 40⁃year⁃old woman on the neck was reported and literature review was made to understand the occurrence, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of Castleman disease. Because of the rarity of CD, its oc⁃ currence in the general population and the typical clinical manifestations are still lacked. There are two types of CD, namely localized CD and multicentric CD, both of them are not easy to be diagnosised. CT scans in preoperative is help⁃ ful for the clinical diagnosis, while histopathological examination and lymph node biopsy are beneficial for the early di⁃ agnosis. The treatment result is based on the histopathological examination and lymph node biopsy. The prognosis is dif⁃ ferent with the type of CD. For the localized CD, the prognosis is usually good, while for the multicentric CD is bad. Both of localized CD and multicentric CD have a certain reoccurrence rate.

Aldol condensation is a cost‐effective and sustainable synthetic method, offering the advantages of low complexity, substrate universality, and high efficiency. Over the past decade, it has become popular for creating next‐generation organic functional materials, particularly rigid‐rod conjugated (semi)conductors. This review focuses on conjugated small molecules, oligomers, and polymeric (semi)conductors synthesized through aldol condensation, with emphasis on their remarkable features in advancing n‐type organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs), organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) as well as NIR‐II photothermal conversion. Coherence character, optical properties, microstructure, and chain conformation are investigated to understand material‐property relationships. Future applications and challenges in this area are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]