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Objective To explore the current development and challenges regarding mobile medical applications (mmAPPs), so as to provide reference for application function elevation and quality improvement. Methods We retrieved literature databases like Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Biomedical Network, time limit was from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021, and restricted to the Chinese or English language. Results This study concluded with the following six aspects: Domestic and foreign development of mmAPP, reminder function, barriers and challenges (low quality; slow update rate; lack of standard evaluation tool or criterion), privacy and safety concerns, adverse drug event report state (low report rate-related reasons, different countries’ report policies), and current hindrances in the progression (economic worries; personal education level; acceptance and study of technology; rural districts, and low-income countries). Conclusions We should focus on the application's quality elevation rather than quantity, pay more attention to patients’ adverse drug event reports, privacy and safety, and place emphasis on rural districts and low-income countries.

In recent years, the research of Phenylethynylcopper (PhC2Cu) in the field of photocatalysis has attracted much attention. However, its preparation requires two steps, which take lengthy 9 days. In this paper, A highly rapid and facile one-step method that directly used copper acetate and phenylacetylene as raw materials and ascorbic acid as reducing agent to synthesize PhC2Cu nanowires was successfully developed. The kinetic studies indicated that the synthetic reaction follows a pseudo-second-order equation through electrical conductivity. Comparative studies on the crystal structures, morphologies, optical properties of PhC2Cu prepared by the traditional two-step and this one-step method were conducted by using XRD, SEM, UV–vis Drs, FT-IR, Raman Spectra and Photocurrent. Meanwhile, the PhC2Cu nanowires exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MV (methyl violet) and glyphosate. Importantly, this facile and rapid method greatly improves the preparation efficiency of PhC2Cu, and the obtained PhC2Cu also shows higher photocatalytic activity. This remarkable progress enables the possibility of large-scale and efficient preparation of PhC2Cu with high photocatalytic activity, indicating their good application prospect in the fields of photocatalysis.

Background In this study, we aimed to analyze the hospitalization costs for Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism(HA-VTE) patients in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2019 through December 2021, and to determine the factors associated with hospitalization costs. Methods The information of 519 HA-VTE inpatients was collected from the Electronic Medical Record System of the hospital. Univariate and Linear regression analysis were employed to evaluate the association between hospitalization cost and its related factors. Results A total of 519 patients with HA-VTE were included and analyzed, including 319 patients with DVT, 60 patients with PE, and 68 patients with DVT&PE. the mean length of stay (LoS) of HA-VTE patients was 18.55 ± 19.02 days, and the mean hospital cost was RMB 9,047.57 ± 15,793.04, with a median of RMB 4435.95 (IQR 2760.87,8753.76). For patients with DVT, PE, and DVT&PE, the mean length of stay (LoS) was 18.26 ± 18.71 days, 16.37 ± 15.21 days, and 22.16 ± 23.20 days, respectively, and the mean hospital costs were RMB 6412.08 ± 8827.82, RMB 11423.11 ± 11897.64, and RMB 22105.57 ± 33636.74. As for cost composition analysis, medical service fees in accounted for more than 30% of the hospitalization costs, laboratory and tests and material fees were the second and third largest percentages of the hospitalization costs, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that Subtype of VTE, LoS, Number of surgery and Payment Type were the key determinants of hospitalization costs for all HA-VTE patients. Conclusions We found that hospitalization costs were significantly higher in patients with DVT & PE than in patients with DVT & PE, and medical service costs were the largest contributor to hospitalization costs, probably because most patients required surgical treatment and more general treatment and care. LoS and subtype of VTE may significantly affect hospitalization costs, and it is recommended to increase the reimbursement rate by medical insurance to prevent complications, Reducing LoS and improving treatability may help to reduce the financial burden of HA-VTE patients in China.

BackgroundNursing experts regularly visited the community to deliver safety education on the prevention of unintentional injuries in children to the parents of children aged 0–6 years and to pregnant women in a maternity school. This was undertaken to explore the effects of the measure on preventing unintentional injuries in children in Chizhou, China.MethodsUsing the convenience sampling method, the guardians(it means mother in this study)of children were investigated. The nursing experts visited communities in which the number of nursing experts is declining. Data on unintentional injuries in children in the previous year were collected retrospectively.ResultsAfter the nursing experts delivered safety education to the community, the scores of the questionnaire on unintentional injury prevention knowledge completed by children’s guardians increased significantly (p p p > 0.05). However, there were significant differences in terms of gender ratio and location (p ConclusionIn conjunction with the maternity school for pregnant women and the vaccination programme, nursing experts delivered safety education regarding unintentional injuries in children; this may have promoted safety and protection awareness in the children’s guardians and reduced unintentional injuries.

Anterior controllable antedisplacement and fusion (ACAF) is a novel surgical technique for the treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Its prognostic factors for decompression have not been well studied. Additionally, no detailed radiological standard has been set for hoisting the vertebrae-OPLL complex (VOC) in ACAF.To identify the possible prognostic factors for decompression outcomes after ACAF for cervical OPLL, to determine the critical value of radiological parameters for predicting good outcomes, and to establish a radiological standard for hoisting the VOC in ACAF.This was a retrospective multicenter study.A total of 121 consecutive patients with OPLL who underwent ACAF at a point between January 2017 and June 2018 at any one of seven facilities and were monitored for at least 1 year afterward were enrolled in a multicenter study.Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores, recovery rate (RR) of neurologic function, and surgical complications were used to determine the effectiveness of ACAF.Patients were divided into two groups according to their RR for neurologic function. Patients with an RR of ≥50% and an RR of50% were designated as having good and poor decompression outcomes, respectively. The relationship between various possible prognostic factors and decompression outcomes was assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of the radiological parameters for prediction of good decompression outcomes. Next, the patients were redivided into three groups according to the cutoff value of the selected radiological parameter (postoperative anteroposterior canal diameter [APD] ratio). Patients with postoperative APD ratios of ≤80.7%, 80.7%-100%, and ≥100% were defined as members of the incomplete, optimal, and excessive antedisplacement groups, respectively. Differences in decompression outcomes among the three groups were compared to verify the reliability of the postoperative APD ratio and assess the necessity of excessive antedisplacement.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients' age at surgery (odds ratio [OR]=1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.08-1.29; p.01) and postoperative APD ratio (OR=0.83; 95% CI=0.77-0.90; p.01) were independently associated with decompression outcomes. The optimal cutoff point of the postoperative APD ratio was calculated at 80.7%, with 86.2% sensitivity and 73.5% specificity. There were no significant differences in the postoperative JOA scores and RRs between the excessive antedisplacement group and optimal antedisplacement group (p.05). However, a lower incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and screw slippage was observed in the optimal antedisplacement group (p.05).Patients' age at surgery and their postoperative APD ratio are the two prognostic factors of decompression outcomes after ACAF. The postoperative APD ratio is also the most accurate radiological parameter for predicting good outcomes. Our findings suggest that it is essential for neurologic recovery to restore the spinal canal to more than 80.7% of its original size (postoperative APD ratio80.7%), and restoration to less than its original size (postoperative APD ratio100%) will help reduce the incidence of surgical complications. This may serve as a valuable reference for establishment of a radiological standard for hoisting the VOC in ACAF.

The older adults with chronic disease usually show poor mental health and experience low quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to examine the mediating role of social support in the relationship between depression and QOL in community-dwelling older adults with chronic disease. A total of 387 Chinese older adults aged 60 or above with chronic disease were included in this cross-sectional study. Social support was negatively associated with depression and positively associated with physical component scale (PCS) and mental component scale (MCS). Depression and social support were all predictors of PCS and MCS. Mediation analysis suggested that social support partially mediated the impact of depression on PCS and MCS. Understanding the mediating role of social support might be beneficial in reducing the adverse impact of depression on QOL in community-dwelling older adults with chronic disease.

Objective: The systemic inflammatory and immune response directly influence the prognosis of patient with sepsis. By detecting the pro-/anti-inflammatory and immune biomarkers, we aim to understand the early systemic inflammatory response and immune status, and explore the potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment for pediatric patients with sepsis. Methods: 62 pediatric patients with sepsis and 48 pediatric patients without sepsis, between 9 months and 13 years old were included. The HLA-DR expression on CD14+ monocytes, the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells and IL-27+ CD4+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The Foxp3, CTLA-4, GITR, IL-10, L-17A, IL-17F and IL-27 mRNA levels in CD4+cells were evaluated by Real-time PCR. And Cytokines IL-4, IFN-γ and TGF-β were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum IFN-γ，transcription levels of IL-17A and IL-17F were higher than that in patients without sepsis (ppp+CD25+Treg cells in pediatric patients with sepsis (pp+ IL-27+ cells were significantly raised in pediatric patients with sepsis than that in pediatric patients without sepsis (pConclusion: At early stage of sepsis, the pro-inflammatory factors co-exist with anti-inflammatory factors, but the pro-inflammatory response dominates. The IL-27 may exert bi-directional regulation in the mixed immune responses, and can be detected as a potential biomarker for determination of immune status for pediatric patients with sepsis. Also, although the immune function influenced at early stage in pediatric patients with sepsis, the expression rate of HLA-DR was greater than 30%, so treatments of immune regulation could not be necessary at early stage for pediatric patients with sepsis.

Sepsis is an acute inflammatory reaction and a cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the present study, we explored the roles and underlying mechanism of the lncRNA Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in ARDS. The expression levels of genes, proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ARDS, LPS-stimulated cells and septic mouse models were quantified using qPCR, western blotting and ELISA assays, respectively. The molecular targeting relationship was validated by conducting a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The cell cycle phase was determined by flow cytometry assay. The expression levels of NEAT1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with ARDS and septic models than in controls. Knockdown of NEAT1 significantly increased cell proliferation and cycle progression and prolonged mouse survival in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-27a was identified as a downstream target of NEAT1 and directly inhibited PTEN expression. Further rescue experiments revealed that inhibition of miR-27a impeded the promoting effects of NEAT1 silence on cell proliferation and cycle progression, whereas inhibition of PTEN markedly weakened the inhibitory effects of NEAT1 overexpression on cell proliferation and cycle progression. Altogether, our study revealed that NEAT1 plays a promoting role in the progression of ARDS via the NEAT1/miR-27a/PTEN regulatory network, providing new insight into the pathologic mechanism behind ARDS. Sepsis-induced acute lung injury has been clinically defined as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the present study, the authors reveal that NEAT1 plays a role in the inflammation and cell cycle progression of ARDS via the NEAT1/miR-27a/PTEN regulatory network, providing new insight into the pathologic mechanism behind ARDS.

Zooplankton plays a mediating role in the food web of aquatic ecosystems, the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ浮游动物在水域生态系统食物网中起着承上启下的作用,其稳定碳、氮同位素(δ

Aims To assess the effect of peer support intervention on diabetes distress in people with type 2 diabetes. Background Diabetes distress may be decreased by peer support intervention, but findings about the effect of peer support on diabetes distress have been mixed. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Data sources PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases were searched for randomized controlled trials from inception to 30 June 2018. Review methods Investigators assessed eligibility, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for pooled effect size. Results A total of 13 studies included in systematic review and 10 in meta-analysis. In the random-effects model, the pooled effect size showed current peer support intervention did not significantly reduce diabetes distress in type 2 diabetes population compared with usual care. Conclusion High quality and well-designed studies targeting at reducing diabetes distress are needed to further test the effect of peer support intervention on diabetes distress.

The design and synthesis of four novel iridium (III) complexes, (Cz)2Ir(pic), (TPA)2Ir(pic), (PO-Cz)2Ir(pic) and (PO-TPA)2Ir(pic) carrying a hole-transporting carbazole/arylamine group, and/or an electron-transporting phosphine group, were reported on the base of iridium (III) [bis(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C2]picolinate (FIrpic). The relationships between structures and characterization of four Ir complexes were shown. A few of phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLED) doped with four Ir complexes were fabricated, and device using FIrpic with a 10 wt% doping ratio was also afforded for comparison. The bluish green device with (Cz)2Ir(pic) gave highest efficiencies with a maximum current efficiency (CEmax) of 34.7 cd/A, a maximum power efficiency (PEmax) of 20.5 lm/W and a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 11.8%, respectively. Notably, the efficiency roll-off decreases more slowly for (Cz)2Ir(pic) based device than those for other Ir complexes. The slow efficiency roll-off may be ascribed to simplification of electron injection of transportation for (Cz)2Ir(pic).

Background High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) is detectable in elderly patients without clinical diagnosed cardiovascular disease. Elevated hs-cTnT levels predict increased cardiovascular risks and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and associated factors of hs-cTnT in geriatric inpatients without acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Hs-cTnT was measured with a highly sensitive assay in 679 geriatric inpatients without ACS. Patients were further divided into 3 groups according to the tertile of hs-cTnT levels and single and multiple variable analyses were performed to assess the association of hs-cTnT to cardiovascular risk factors, biochemical measurements and echocardiographic abnormalities. Results Hs-cTnT was detectable (≥3 ng/L) in 98.4% of the subjects and 52.0% of the subjects had hs-cTnT levels ≥14 ng/L, which is at the 99th percentile Upper Reference Limit (URL). The levels of hs-cTnT were independently associated with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), male gender, older age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), diabetes mellitus (DM) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). There were no significant differences in hs-cTnT levels between geriatrics patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and those without SCAD. Conclusion Hs-cTnT elevation caused by non-ischemic acute conditions was very common in geriatric hospitalized patients. Due to increases in baseline hs-cTnT in the elderly, detection of a rise and/or fall in hs-cTnT levels is essential for determining a diagnosis of ACS or AMI in geriatric patients. Further studies are needed to establish age-specific 99th percentile values of hs-cTnT for elderly individuals.

PU foams modified with an AIE-active polymer (PSiTPE) with a Si–O and TPE backbone using an ultrasonication-assisted method have been prepared. The as-prepared foams show a high sensitive to PA solution and DNT vapor. Moreover, it could be re-used several times. It is a novel promising probe for the detection of explosives.

Two novel fluorescent polymers PPOPAF and PPOCzF, with N+P–O− resonance structures inserted into the fluorene-alt-carbazole based backbone, were developed as blue emitters and hosts for an orange-red phosphor to realize fluorescent–phosphorescent (F–P) hybrid white polymer light-emitting diodes (WPLEDs). The polymers exhibit proper HOMO/LUMO energy levels, good thermal stability and high triplet energy (ET) levels. Devices using PPOPAF and PPOCzF as single emissive layers show deep-blue emission with CIE coordinates of (0.16, 0.10) and (0.17, 0.10), respectively. Moreover, in hybrid white devices, doping with various concentrations of iridium(III) bis(4-phenylthieno[3,2-c]pyridinato-N,C2) acetylacetonate (PO-01) (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5 wt%), the PPOCzF-based devices give a significant improvement than that of PPOPAF. While the doping concentration is 0.1 wt%, a nearly standard white emission (CIE: 0.35, 0.33) was achieved. The maximum CE, PE, EQE of PPOCzF-based devices is 4.4 cd A−1, 1.1 lm W−1, and 1.7%, respectively.

A series of three-armed fluorescent emitters based on a 1,3,5-triazine acceptor as the central core and phenothiazine or phenoxy moieties as the different peripheral units, are designed and synthesized. All of them exhibit aggregation-induced emission enhancement and thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Photoluminescence quantum yields exceeded 37 and 67% for non-doped and doped solid-state samples respectively. The compounds were found to be capable of transporting both holes and electrons. The highest mobility values of more than 1 × 10−4 cm2V−1s−1 were obtained for the compound having three phenothiazine moieties at electric field of more than 1 × 106 Vcm−1. Additionally, three types of organic light emitting diodes based on these materials were fabricated. The device containing non-doped emission layer with the compound containing single phenothiazine moiety as the emitter gave maximum external quantum efficiency of 5.4%. The device with doped emission layer containing 5% solid solution of the compound having three phenothiazine moieties in an appropriate host gave maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.9%. The phosphorescent device hosted by the compound with single phenothiazine unit exhibited maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.3% and a low-efficiency roll-offs of 1% at 1000 cd/m2.

Based on the process and framework of nursing quality management in the "Third-level General Ho Accreditation Criteria", with the help of computer and mobile information technology, development of nursing quality control informatics system computer operation and mobile operating. The system has implanted PDCA several scientific management tools into the mobile applications, insteads of replace traditional paper methods, improve working efficiency in process control and Data Operation.

In this study, a series of BODIPY B n ( n =1-6) and Aza-BODIPY Aza-B n ( n =1-2) have been synthesized. After fully characterized by NMR, absorption, fluorescence and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, they were used as photosensitizers for the generation of hydrogen via the reduction of water using cobaloximes C n ( n =1-4) as the photocatalysts. Under optimized conditions (i.e., C1 as catalyst, TEOA as sacrificial electron donor, a weak basic pH ~8.5, CH3CN/water ratio of 4:1, irradiation wavelength λ >420 nm), the TONs of hydrogen evolution for iodinated BODIPY ( B4 - B6 ) are 90, 101 and 164, while noniodinated BODIPY ( B1 - B3 ) and Aza-B n ( n =1-2) show no photocatalytic activity under the same reactions conditions. A reductive quenching pathway, namely, the intermolecular electron transfer from B n • - ( n =4-6) to the cobalt centers, in the photochemically driven step is possible for the hydrogen production, as evaluated from the electrochemical, spectra experiments and DFT calculations.

A high triplet energy ( E T ) copolymer P2SiF, derived from 2,7-fluorene and m -tetraphenylsilane segment, was synthesized as a green host for green phosphorescent polymer light emitting diodes. The photophysical properties and device performances of P2SiF were studied and compared with previous P1SiF with 2,7-fluorene and p -tetraphenylsilane segment. P2SiF depicted a higher triplet energy level up of 2.60 eV than that of P1SiF, which was probably one of the highest triplet energy from the conjugated polymers with poly(2,7-fluorene) structure. While doped with a green phosphor tris[2-( p -tolyl)pyridine]iridium [Ir(mppy) 3 ], the device hosted by P2SiF showed better performance with a maximum efficiency of 3.36 cd/A as low as doped concentration of 4 wt% Ir(mppy) 3.

This study explores the effects of intergroup exclusion on need-threat and the behavioral tendencies of excluded individuals. Results show that those excluded by in-group members perceived more threat to relational needs, while participants excluded by out-group members perceived more threat to efficacy needs. In addition, participants excluded by out-group members displayed significantly more aggression intention and less helping intention than those who were excluded by in-group members. This study indicates that the group relationship between excluders and the excluded will directly affect threat perception and behavioral responses.

According to the characteristic formula of planetary gear transmission, by studying the movement and torque transmission of planetary gear mechanism of Automatic Transmission, this paper presents a new method of transmission analysis by use of the matrix. The method established the mathematical model about the coupling form and shift constraint and torque transmission between the planetary lines based on matrix theory. It is generally applicable to the movement and torque calculation of complex planetary gear mechanism.

In order to study the CO/HC change status of the exhaust pollutant concentration after using ethanol gasoline in vehicle, the chosen 30 automobiles are tested as the samples in Zhengzhou City. The results show that the exhaust of CO/HC of the vehicles using ethanol gasoline are significantly reduced, the test results provide some scientific data for promoting the application of ethanol gasoline in vehicle.

Lumbar transverse process fractures (LTPFs) are often with concomitant non-spinal-associated injuries (NSAIs). The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between the NSAIs and the LTPFs of different segments, amount, and concomitant thoracolumbar/lumbar vertebral fractures.A total of 1,181 patients with LTPFs or thoracolumbar/lumbar vertebral fractures were chosen between September 2006 and June 2010. The patients were divided into three groups: thoracolumbar/lumbar vertebral fractures without LTPFs, with associated LTPFs, and isolated LTPFs (iLTPFs). The correlation of the NSAIs of different sites and the LTPFs of different segments, amount, and concomitant thoracolumbar/lumbar vertebral fractures were analyzed between and within groups by χ test and logistic regression analysis.The incidence of NSAIs with iLTPFs and aLTFP groups were significantly higher than that of vertebral fractures without LTPF group (55.73% and 64.49% vs. 21.32%, respectively, p = 0.000). However, the incidence was not significantly different between the iLTPFs and the aLTFP groups (p = 0.106). The results with NSAIs of different sites were almost the same. L5TPFs were a stronger risk factor to NSAIs (relative risk [RR] = 15.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.47-55.37; p = 0.000) in the iLTPF group (RR = 21.92; 95% CI, 6.68-71.92; p = 0.000) and in the vertebral fractures with associated LTPF group (RR = 9.42; 95% CI, 1.19-74.72; p = 0.034). L5TPFs were also a very important risk factor for pelvic injuries (RR = 46.10; 95% CI, 22.40-94.88; p = 0.000); 65.1% in L5iTPFs were accompanied with Tile-C pelvic injuries, slightly higher than in L5aTPFs (46.7%). L4TPFs were a risk factor to abdominal injuries within iLTPFs (RR = 2.27; 95% CI, 1.23-4.20; p = 0.009).The incidence of NSAIs is very high in cases with LTPFs, particularly with L5TPFs. A detailed investigation should be performed to search for NSAIs once LTPFs are identified so that appropriate treatment can be initiated.Level III.

The public department and the private investor is the commonly contractual subjects of the chartered operating project. Risk sharing idea is an important manifestation to contract justification. The public department determines the compensate degree to private investor through controlling the project’s beneficial period or the chartered operating price. Aim at part of the risk loss that the public department should undertake after risk events had happened; two flexible process models were studied. The adjustment to project beneficial period or product purchasing price was put forward in allusion to this kind of risks. Case study manifested that the adjustment method is feasible.

A novel bipolar polymer host PC10CzPO, carrying hole-transporting carbazole and electron-transporting triphenylphosphine oxide units in the oxygen-interrupted main chain, was synthesized and characterized. In addition to its excellent thermal stability and miscibility with phosphors, PC10CzPO is also reported to have a triplet energy (ET) as high as 2.83 eV due to oxygen-interrupted π-conjugation, ensuring that PC10CzPO can be used as a suitable host material. The PC10CzPO-based phosphorescent devices were investigated and compared, while doping with typical blue phosphor {iridium(III)[bis(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N, C2]picolinate, FIrpic)}, green phosphor {tris[2-(p-tolyl)pyridine]iridium(III), Ir(mppy)3}, and red phosphor [bis(1-phenyl-isoquinoline-C2,N)(acetylacetonato)iridium(III), Ir(piq)2acac]. As a result, the FIrpic-based blue devices showed better device performances than those of red and green devices, which was ascribed to more effective energy transfer. This indicates that the choice of proper host and dopant emitters to fabricate phosphorescent polymer light emitting diodes (PhPLED) is a simple and effective approach to optimize device performances. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44461.

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: The primary objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of anterior versus posterior surgical approaches in patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM), with a focus on pain intensity, quality of life, neurological outcomes, and harms/complications.

Non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis is a rare complication of acute pancreatitis. One of the major risk factors of both acute pancreatitis and rhabdomyolysis is alcohol abuse. However, only a few studies have reported the prognosis and association of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and rhabdomyolysis in alcohol abuse patients. In the present study, we report two cases presenting with SAP complicated by rhabdomyolysis following high-dose alcohol intake. The disease onset, clinical manifestations, laboratory data, diagnosis and treatment procedure of each patient were recorded, and the association with rhabdomyolysis was analyzed. Alcohol consumption was the most predominant cause of SAP and rhabdomyolysis in these patients. SAP-related rhabdomyolysis was primarily induced by the toxicity associated with pancreatic necrosis. The laboratory tests revealed that the concentration of serum creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin increased and acute renal failure symptoms were present, which provided an exact diagnosis for SAP-induced rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis and subsequent hypermyoglobinuria severely impaired kidney function and aggravated hypocalcemia. The therapy of early stage SAP complicated by rhabdomyolysis involved liquid resuscitation support. When first stage treatment fails, blood purification should be performed immediately. Both patients developed multiple organ failure (MOF) and succumbed to the disease. Considering the two cases presented, we conclude that alcohol-related SAP complicated by rhabdomyolysis may have a poor clinical prognosis.

A novel 2D cobalt(II) coordination polymer comprising left- and right-handed helical chains, {[H2bpp][Co2(bpp)2(Hbtec)2(H2O)4]·(H2O)5}n (1) (bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)-propane and H4btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylate), was prepared under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. Complex 1 provides suitable hydrophilic channel in which lattice water molecules accumulate, forming a (H2O)5 helicate, stabilized by anchoring to the host structure through hydrogen-bonding interactions involving alternating water molecules and the carboxylate oxygen atoms of Hbtec3− ligands.

This study investigates the clinical and radiographic characteristics of complex axis fractures with adjacent segment instability and describes the outcome of surgical treatment. Twenty-one patients (14 male, seven female; mean age = 34 years) with complex axis fractures and adjacent segment instability who were treated between August 2003 and June 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Treatment selection was based on fracture type and stability of the upper cervical segments. All patients were immobilized with a hard collar for three months after surgery. The mean follow-up period was 12 months (range = 6–36 months). No intraoperative surgery-related complications were observed and fusion was achieved in all patients. The outcome was excellent for 17 patients, good for two patients, fair for one patient, and poor for one patient. The upper cervical segments that can become unstable due to complex axis fractures include the atlantoaxial and C2–3 joints. Recommended surgical treatments produce good results.

An octameric water moiety which consists of a chairlike water hexamer and two pendent water molecules in the 1,4-diaxial positions and shows a similar structure to the hydrocarbon (1r,4r)-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane, is unambiguously trapped in a 2D Cu(II) mixed-ligand coordination polymer, {[Cu2(bpp)2(H2O)2(bpda)2]·6H2O} n (1) (bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane and H2bpda = 2,2′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid). The water octamer can be extended into a hybrid carboxylate-water decamer when carboxylic oxygen atoms from bpda2− are involved. Interestingly, the present hybrid decamer bears a similar structural topology to a butterfly (H2O)10 cluster. The reversible dehydration/hydration of 1 is determined by X-ray powder diffraction studies.

A novel fluorene-alt-carbazole polymer host Poly(9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene-2,7-diyl-alt-N-tetrahydropyran-3,6-carbazole) (PFCz), composed of N-tetrahydropyran-3,6-carbazole and 9,9-dioctyl-2,7-fluorene in the polymer backbone, was synthesized by Suzuki coupling. The PFCz possesses good thermal stability and proper lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)/highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels to facilitate the injection and transport of electrons and holes. Upon doping with blue, green, and red phosphors, red - green - blue (R-G-B) phosphorescent devices hosted by PFCz have been fabricated and investigated. In contrast to those of blue and green devices, the red devices give better performances with a maximum luminous efficiency of 4.88 cd/A and a maximum power efficiency of 1.85% at 149.84 cd/m2, due to favorable triplet energy level (ET) of PFCz for red phosphor, bis(2-methyldibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline)(acetylacetonate)iridium(III) [Ir(MDQ)2(acac)]. Additionally, with different doped concentrations of Ir(MDQ)2(acac), the PFCz-related red devices emit nearly pure red light with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.57, 0.38), (0.60, 0.38), (0.61, 0.38), and (0.62, 0.38), which were very close to the standard red (0.66, 0.34) by the National Television System Committee. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 43234.

In this paper, the interaction behavior of p-sulfonated calix[n]arene (SCnA) with tramadol hydrochloride was investigated by fluorescence spectra, ¹H NMR spectra, and theoretical calculations in aqueous solution. At the optimized conditions, the fluorescence intensity of tramadol hydrochloride showed positive correlation to the concentration of SCnA, which led to a validated, simple, and sensitive fluorescence quenching method for the determination of tramadol hydrochloride was established for the first time. Moreover, the interaction based on SCnA superstructure provided has promising potential for therapeutic monitoring and pharmacokinetics and clinical application

Air stripping of ammonia is a widely used process for the pretreatment of wastewater. Scaling and fouling on the packing surface in packed towers and a lower stripping efficiency are the two major problems in this process. New patented equipment that is suitable for the air stripping of wastewater with suspended solids has been developed. Air stripping of ammonia from water with Ca(OH)2, was performed in the newly designed gas-liquid contactor, a water-sparged aerocyclone (WSA). The pressure drop of gas phase was investigated in order to know the momentum transfer characteristic of the WSA. It was found that the gas phase pressure drop exhibited a different change tendency compared with the traditional aerocyclone, and could be divided into three characteristic stages, including low pressure drop, pressure drop jump and high pressure drop phases. The three different pressure drop areas corresponds to steady jet, spiral and fogged flow patterns of the liquid phase. The critical value for the air flow rate which caused the mass transfer coefficient to increase rapidly took place at the point where the steady jet was transformed into the spiral flow pattern.

Air stripping of ammonia is a widely used process for the pretreatment of wastewater. Scaling and fouling on the packing surface in packed towers and a lower stripping efficiency are the two major problems in this process. New patented equipment that is suitable for the air stripping of wastewater with suspended solids has been developed. Air stripping of ammonia from water with Ca(OH)2, was performed in the newly designed gas-liquid contactor, a water-sparged aerocyclone (WSA). The mechanism of the mass transfer process in the WSA was investigated using a CO2—NaOH rapid pseudo first order reaction system. The results indicated that there is a critical gas phase inlet velocity Ug. When Ug is lower than this value, the increase of the inlet velocity has a double function of both intensifying the liquid side film mass transfer coefficient kL and increasing the specific mass transfer area a; whereas when Ug is larger than this value, the major function of Ug increase is to make the water drops in the WSA broken, increasing the mass transfer area of gas-liquid phases.

The microstructure analysis and hardness test were carried out on the surface of alloy nodular cast iron roll treated with CO2 laser of power 5 KW by optical microscopy, Rockwell hardometer and micro-hardometer. The results indicate the cladded layers with laser heat treatment are divided into melt region, phase change region and substrate region. The dimension and microhardness for every region are related to laser power, scanning speed and process parameters. The fatigue life of alloy nodular cast iron roll treated with laser increased remarkably.

An aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ)-active polymer (PF), an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active polymer (PFTPE) and an aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE)-active polymer (PTTPE) were synthesized by tetraphenylethane (TPE), fluorene and thiophene moieties. Polyurethane (PU) foams modified by PF, PFTPE and PTTPE, namely PU-PF, PU-PFTPE and PU-PTTPE, using ultrasonication-assisted method have been prepared. A comparative study of PU-PF, PU-PFTPE and PU-PTTPE for detection explosives had been performed, and significant fluorescence quenching was observed with the introduction of PA solutions. The as-prepared PU-PF, PU-PFTPE and PU-PTTPE sensors exhibited a superior sensitivity for PA solutions with different concentrations. Remarkably, PU-PF gave a quenching efficiency of 96.2%, higher than 93.5% for PU-PFTPE and 86.7% for PU-PTTPE at a PA concentration of 180 µg·mL−1 in methanol, which was attributed to the effective energy transfer from the fluorophore (PF) to the nitro explosive (PA). This suggested that some ACQ polymers, applied to detect explosives, could afford better performances than AIE or AEE polymers through modification of structures and selection of adequate carriers. At the same time, these chemical sensors can be recycled many times.