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In order to prevent coal spontaneous combustion fire effectively, a new kind of fire-fighting material – gel foam was developed in this paper. The foaming volume and half-life of foaming agent at different concentrations were measured by ROSS-Miles. Four foaming agents with less dosage and higher foaming times were selected. Then different temperatures were set to test the temperature resistance of four foaming agents and record the foaming volume data. Through analyzing the experimental results, the three optimal foaming agents were selected for pairwise compounding. Through the compounding experiment, the compound foaming agent was prepared with mass fraction of 6‰ APG and AEC at a mass ratio of 4:3, and the foaming times reached 13 times. After the addition of foam stabilizer, the foaming times of the compound were up to 15 times at room temperature, and the glue forming time is 13min. The results show that the viscosity of gel foam decreases with the increase of temperature. The higher the temperature, the shorter the gelation time. The gel does not decompose at high temperatures.

The rate of coal mine accidents in China is still high and most coal mine accidents are caused by human unsafe behavior, and the correction of the behavior is, therefore, paramount. In this article, a group dynamics field model and a hierarchical index system of the group dynamics factors of the unsafe behavior of coal miners are established. The internal and external dynamics of groups are analyzed and the importance of each factor is calculated and determined. On this basis, suggested correction measures are put forward. Then, in combination with a questionnaire, the corrective measures of unsafe behaviors are determined and simulated. The results show that, while the correction of unsafe behaviors both in progress and after implementation can achieve good results, the former is more effective than the latter. Via the present research, both unsafe behaviors and the occurrence of coal mine accidents can be effectively prevented, and the safety of coal mine production can be ensured.

In recent years, the safety situation in Chinese coal mine enterprises has been steadily improving, however, major accidents occur occasionally. Statistics reveal that human unsafe behaviors are the main cause of accidents. In this paper, based on the Fishbone Diagram, the influencing factors of unsafe behaviors of coal miners were identified from 5 aspects including individual factors, physical environment, safety leadership, safety management, and group factors. Next, the indicators system of influencing factors of unsafe behaviors for coal miners was established, and the weights were analyzed by the Analytic Network Process (ANP). On that basis, the primary and secondary indicators of the influencing factors were ranked. The weights determined by ANP were taken as the influencing coefficients between variables, and the System Dynamics (SD) model of the unsafe behaviors of coal miners was established. The related simulations were also conducted on the intervention strategies using this model. By combining the weights determined by ANP and the simulation results based on the established SD model, the influencing factors identified were reordered. Finally, this paper proposed the combination intervention strategies mainly from the aspects of safety management, individual factors, group factors, safety leadership and physical environment, which can provide theoretical supports and method guidance for improving the safety production level of coal miners.

Risks in the industrial operation processes involve complex system elements such as human, machine, organization, information, as well as nonlinear coupling relationships among them. Traditional risk analysis methods focus on the cause-effect relationships between the system elements and accidents, while ignoring what the correct and proper relationships should be. For a proactive risk identification and analysis, learning from success is suggested instead of learning from post hoc accidents, which requires that risk analysis identifies the normal functions and their couplings. Therefore, system functioning has been a subject of interest in the field of risk analysis. The Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) has been an effective tool to reveal the couplings and dependent relationships among different functions. However, the functions identification and interaction analysis in the FRAM is limited because there is no consistent or explicit stop rule. For a detailed and rigorous description of functions, the Accident Causation Analysis and Taxonomy (ACAT) model is used to enrich the FRAM by generating functions based on a closed-loop control system. Two operation processes in the hazardous industries are used as illustrations. The results show that more functional constraints and deep contributing factors to accidents can be identified with the hybrid approach.

Complex systems often experience a long period of incubation before accidents occur. Therefore, a proactive risk assessment is essential for process safety. The conventional job hazard analysis (JHA) method has been an effective tool to conduct a process risk assessment in the high-risk industrial field. However, the conventional JHA is inadequate for the proactive risk assessment since it is usually conducted during and before one specific operation process. Operations such as startup and maintenance are performed repeatedly on the lifecycle of a plant. Therefore, the risk reduction measures for the industrial process should include not only preventive actions obtained from the conventional JHA but also recovery ones. Resilience engineering (RE) has proven to be helpful for the recovery analysis of a complex system. The objective of this paper is to propose a proactive and comprehensive process risk assessment approach based on JHA and RE. The mechanism of applying RE to address operation process risk is illustrated. The integrated approach can provide guidelines to establish proactive risk reduction measures as well as maintain a low-risk level. Finally, a gas transmission startup process risk assessment case is presented to demonstrate its applicability.

The qualitative simulation technology of group safety behaviors is very important for investigating the laws of safety behaviors, and its application software is an essential tool for the research. Based on the QSIM algorithm and the related theories in the social field force, this study optimizes the filtering process of QSIM algorithm using the GA-BP algorithm (Genetic algorithm-BP neural network), and establishes a complete qualitative simulation system of group safety behaviors. In this study, a qualitative simulation software platform of group safety behaviors is designed and established. Moreover, the simulation results using different algorithm are analyzed and compared, and the statistical charts are plotted for displaying the development trend and evolution laws of group safety behaviors. According to the experimental qualitative simulation results on group safety behaviors of coal miners, the proposed qualitative simulation technology of group safety behaviors can improve efficiency and reliability of the qualitative simulation. The developed software platform can provide a convenient and effective qualitative simulation tool for further exploring the laws of group safety behaviors.

An important feature of the industrial non-routine operation processes is the time sequence constraint among its steps. Therefore, the main hazard source could be the risk originating from the out-of-sequence scenarios. The traditional job safety analysis (JSA) method does not take account of time sequence constraint and should be adapted to address this problem. A graphical model based on Petri net is defined and further integrated into JSA. A non-routine operation process can be divided into steps according to JSA and then be represented as the basic unit of the revised Petri net. Through the graphical model, abnormal time sequence scenarios and their corresponding abnormal events can be identified. The united method can address time sequence and provide an intuitive and logical risk assessment procedures. The results can also provide effective guidance for workers and supervisors in the non-routine operations process.

In order to explore the influencing factors of mining safety in China and the related interactive mechanisms, this study calculates the statistics of 58 coal mine death accidents in Shandong, China, during the period from 2010 to 2014, and summarizes the accident causes to establish the index system of mining safety including 22 factors at 6 levels: organizational management, squad leaders, front-line workers, safety culture, underground environment and machines & equipment. Through questionnaire survey, the logical relations among various influencing factors are quantified. Afterwards, by combining DEMATEL and ISM, the influencing degree, influenced degree, centrality and causality of various influencing factors are calculated, and a hierarchical model is established for systematically analyzing the influencing factors of mining safety and the influencing mechanisms. According to the research results, safety supervision and safety philosophy are fundamental for mining safety; rules & regulations, safety climate, safety investment, communication, safety education, operational plan, safety consciousness, knowledge & skills and safety attitude are important factors, while leadership & coordination, individual characteristics, work satisfaction, safety awareness, knowledge & skills, adaptability, equipment & facilities, operating tools, safety device, operating condition, physical environment and geological conditions are direct causes that lead to accidents in coal mines. This study provides theoretical basis and methods to prevent coal mine accidents and improve mining safety.

In order to accurately evaluate the safety status of coal mines and improve the safety level of coal mines, the method of evaluating the state of coal mine safety combined with entropy method and mutation theory is proposed. By analyzing the influence factors of coal mine safety status, 17 evaluation indicators were established from the four aspects of employee quality, equipment facilities, natural conditions and safety management, and the evaluation index system of coal mine safety status was established. Based on this evaluation model and process, the safety status evaluation and analysis of the example coal mine are carried out, and the evaluation results are consistent with the actual safety status of the coal mine, which confirms the reasonable feasibility of the evaluation method. This method can be used to evaluate the safety status of coal mine and provide the basis for the formulation of safety countermeasures.

Hazard and Operability analysis (HAZOP), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods are all important safety evaluation methods. For HAZOP analysis, the subjectivity is strong, the analysis process is complex, and accurate quantitative analysis cannot be performed. Proposed a safety evaluation method that combines HAZOP, AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and integrated the three methods to make the HAZOP analysis method from qualitative analysis to qualitative and quantitative analysis, and improve the accuracy of risk identification. Finally, taking the gas explosion accident as an example, the above method is used to briefly analyze the gas explosion accident to verify the scientificity and feasibility of the method.

Statistics show that humans&rsquo, unsafe behaviors are the main cause of accidents. Because of the asymmetry of game benefits between managers and coal miners, the stability of workers&rsquo, behaviors is affected and unsafe behaviors are produced. In this paper, the symmetry of the behavior benefits of coal mine workers is studied, using game theory. In order to observe the dynamic game evolution process of behavioral stability, the paper establishes a system dynamics (SD) model and simulates it. The SD simulation results show that with the continuation of the game, when the benefits for safety managers and workers are asymmetric and the safety manager&rsquo, s safety inspection benefits are less than the non-inspection benefits, the manager may not conduct safety inspections, which poses a great hidden danger to safety production. Through dynamic incentives to regulate the symmetry of income of coal mine safety managers and coal mine workers, the purpose of enhancing the stability of safety behavior is achieved. The research results of the paper have been successfully applied to coal mine enterprises.

Coal spontaneous combustion is one of the major threats to coal production in China. It is very important to quote scientific and effective evaluation in order to prevent coal spontaneous combustion effectively. This paper use catastrophe theory to study the risk assessment method of coal spontaneous combustion. Used analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight of 16 indicators to establish an evaluation model which based on catastrophe theory. Analyzed the catastrophe level value of coal spontaneous combustion hazard obtained by the catastrophe theory calculation method to determine the hazard level,and put forward corresponding suggestions. Through engineering case studies, the feasibility and effectiveness of the coal spontaneous combustion risk assessment method proposed in this paper is verified.

To scientifically evaluate the danger of acetochlor production process, this article identifies and analyzes dangerous and harmful factors in a company’s factory from dangerous and hazardous substances, equipment, and places, etc, fire, leakage and explosion are the main risk factors of the plant. Taking the ethanol storage tank leakage in the storage area as an example, the FLUENT software was used to simulate the leakage of ethanol, and it was found that the leakage outlet emitted a concentration of more than 8% and migrated to the windward side, which was extremely prone to vapor cloud explosion. Then, the TNT equivalent explosion model was used to calculate that the vapor cloud explosion may cause the death radius, severe injury radius, and minor injury radius to reach 57.27m, 138.39m, and 252.21m. At the same time, the radius of explosion damage under other overpressures was calculated. Based on this, suggestions for targeted safety countermeasures can be provided, which can provide a reference for accident prevention and emergency treatment.

To evaluate the safety performance of bolt support scientifically, the factors affecting bolt support are systematically analyzed, the comprehensive evaluation index system is established from four aspects: support parameters, quality of bolt and fittings, construction management and monitoring level, and the safety evaluation model of bolt support is constructed; the AHP and entropy weight method are combined to determine the weight of each index, and the safety evaluation system of bolt support based on AHPentropy weight method is established and its application program is developed. The safety evaluation method and application program proposed in this paper are applied to the safety evaluation of bolt support in a coal mine in Shanxi Province, and the results are in agreement with the actual situation. This article studies the correlation.

The continuous and stable operations of equipment are the crucial factor for the safety of process industries. Risk assessment has demonstrated its capabilities as a practical method to analyze and prevent process equipment failure. Since the status of equipment is mainly determined by its components and the coupling relationship is complex, a systematical and practicable method is needed to help risk assessment. Petri nets provide a graphical and mathematical representation for risk modelling and reasoning. With the complexity of equipment, there could be lots of diagnosis rules, which makes the network complicated and huge. In order to describe the coupling relationship clearly and make the computational process flexible, a layered Petri nets method is presented in this context to conduct complex rule-based risk analysis and assessment. Moreover, The fuzzy logic is introduced to represent expert knowledge in a semi-quantitative way. The method presented was applied for assessing the risk of reciprocating compressor failure, which is the supercharging equipment widely used in the natural gas transportation process.

This paper studies the occupational safety and health management methods as well as risk control technology associated with the coal mining industry, including daily management of occupational safety and health, identification and assessment of risks, early warning and dynamic monitoring of risks, etc.; also, a B/S mode software (Geting Coal Mine, Jining, Shandong, China), i.e., Coal Mine Occupational Safety and Health Management and Risk Control System, is developed to attain the aforementioned objectives, namely promoting the coal mine occupational safety and health management based on early warning and dynamic monitoring of risks. Furthermore, the practical effectiveness and the associated pattern for applying this software package to coal mining is analyzed. The study indicates that the presently developed coal mine occupational safety and health management and risk control technology and the associated software can support the occupational safety and health management efforts in coal mines in a standardized and effective manner. It can also control the accident risks scientifically and effectively; its effective implementation can further improve the coal mine occupational safety and health management mechanism, and further enhance the risk management approaches. Besides, its implementation indicates that the occupational safety and health management and risk control technology has been established based on a benign cycle involving dynamic feedback and scientific development, which can provide a reliable assurance to the safe operation of coal mines.

The paper analyses the main features of coal mine system, and construct coal mine safety system dynamics model by using the system dynamics theory from the angle of enterprise’ safety management level. And it also make data quantitative analysis about the model by non-linear regression method, draw the curve model that can reflect the dynamic change of the various system elements by using system dynamics VESIM software. It provide scientific basis for actual coal mine system safety management, and has an important guiding significance.