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Microgrid (MG) is capable of accommodating renewable energy sources (RESs) with high flexibility. With the rapid development of MGs, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are gaining increasing attention since they can alleviate pollution and reduce energy consumption. The appearance of PHEVs would exacerbate the power supply shortages and bring new challenges to the power system. This paper develops an effective day-ahead optimal scheduling of a MG, taking into account RESs, storage devices and PHEVs. The Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to model the uncertainties of PHEVs. A smart charging/discharging strategy incorporating the V2G technique is proposed to smooth the demand curve and reduce the operational costs. To handle the MG scheduling problem in the presence of PHEVs, an improved sine cosine algorithm with simulated annealing based local search operator and chaotic opposition learning strategy (CSCASA) is proposed to minimize the total costs. The proposed algorithm can keep a better balance between global and local search abilities. CSCASA is first validated on some benchmark problems. Then, CSCASA is employed to generate optimal schedule of a grid-connected MG with PHEVs. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of CSCASA in the optimal MG scheduling problem with and without PHEVs.

Roumei Wang,1,&ast; Shien Fu,2,&ast; Rui Huang,3,&ast; Chengcheng Qiu,1 Yunxia Tang,1 Yaoli Liu1 1Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yaoli Liu, Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-771-5356706, Email 100youngly@163.comObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the quadriceps femoris in patients with chronic thyrotoxic myopathy (CTM) using musculoskeletal ultrasound and to explore its practical clinical value for the diagnosis of CTM.Methods: A total of 241 subjects recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were surveyed for detailed medical history and underwent grip strength tests, fixed-distance walking, and quadriceps femoris ultrasound examinations. Differences in muscle parameters between the CTM, non-CTM, and healthy groups were analyzed. An Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to analyze the predictive value of various ultrasound measurements for CTM, and Spearman correlation analysis and binary logistic regression were applied to explore the factors associated CTM.Results: The quadriceps femoris contraction index, muscle thickness, muscle cross-sectional area, and pennation angle in the CTM group were significantly lower than those in the non-CTM and healthy groups (p< 0.01). The ROC curve prediction showed that the pennation angle had the best sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing myogenesis, with an area under the curve of 89%. Moreover, the pennation angle of the CTM group was positively correlated with step speed (r=0.245, p=0.031) and body surface area (r=0.276, p=0.014), but negatively correlated with age (r=− 0.306, p=0.007). Regression analysis showed that the quadriceps femoris contraction index, muscle thickness, pennation angle, and cross-sectional area were factors that related the CTM. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the association between Muscle Bundle Length and CTM became significant (OR=1.99, 95% CI: 1.22, 3.35, p=0.007). Muscular echo in patients was observed to varying degrees of enhancement.Conclusion: Musculoskeletal ultrasonography in the quantitative analysis of muscle parameters and muscle echo of the quadriceps femoris can provide essential imaging evidence for predicting CTM.Keywords: chronic thyrotoxic myopathy, musculoskeletal ultrasound, muscle echo intensity, Heckmatt Scale

Jichan Shi,1,&ast; Gexin Gao,2,&ast; Zhijie Yu,3,&ast; Kaihuai Wu,4 Youquan Huang,5 Lian-Peng Wu,6 Zhengxing Wu,1 Xinchun Ye,1 Chaochao Qiu,1 Xiangao Jiang1 1Department of Infectious Disease, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 4Departments of Infectious Diseases, Taishun People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 5Departments of Infectious Diseases, Yongjia People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Laboratory, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiangao Jiang, Department of Infectious Disease of Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, 252 Baili East Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13587691822, Fax +86 577 88070007, Email jiang_xiangao@126.comBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is still the single pathogen infectious disease with the largest number of deaths worldwide. The relationship that intestinal microbiota disorder and de novo fatty acid synthesis metabolism have with disease progression in multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) has not yet been fully studied.Objective: To investigate the effects of long periods of MDR-TB, pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB), or rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) on gut microbiome dysbiosis and advanced disease.Methods: The sample was chosen between March 2019 and September 2019 in Wenzhou Central Hospital and comprised 11 patients with pre-XDR-TB, 23 patients with RR-TB, and 28 patients with MDR-TB. Healthy individuals were chosen as the control group (CK group). An overnight fast blood sample was drawn via venipuncture into tubes without anticoagulant. For analysis, 300 mg of faeces from patients from the same group was mixed and analysed using DNA extraction, NGS sequencing, and bioinformatics. A QIAamp Fecal DNA Mini Kit was used to isolate the DNA. The extracted DNA was stored at − 20°C.Results: Advanced TB was concurrent with an elevated level of the proportions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1) to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) to GAPDH in de novo fatty acids synthesis, and Eubacterium, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus were increased significantly in RR-TB patients compared to healthy individuals, whereas their abundance in the pre-XDR-TB and MDR-TB groups showed little change in comparison with the control group. Proteobacteria levels were greatly increased in the RR-TB and MDR-TB patient groups but not in the patients with pre-XDR-TB or the healthy subjects. The pre-XDR-TB group exhibited alterations of the intestinal microbiome: coliform flora showed the highest abundance of Verrucomicrobiales, Enterobacteriales, Bifidobacteriales and Lactobacillales. De novo fatty acids synthesis was enhanced in patients and was associated with the gut microbiome dysbiosis induced by the antimicrobials, with Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidales, and Bacteroidaceae displaying the most important correlations on a phylum, order, and family level, respectively.Conclusion: The progression to advanced TB was observed to be a result of the interaction between multiple interrelated pathways, with gut–lung crosstalk potentially playing a role in patients with drug-resistant TB.Keywords: multi-drug resistant TB disease, gut commensal, microbial imbalance, de novo fatty acids synthesis, microbiome biosignature alterations

Xiaolei Han,1,2,&ast; Yongxiang Wang,2,3,&ast; Ziying Jiang,1 Yuanjing Li,4 Yi Dong,1 Lin Cong,1– 3 Tingting Hou,1– 3 Yajun Liang,4,5 Erika J Laukka,4 Yifeng Du,1– 3 Chengxuan Qiu1,4 1Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Aging Research Center and Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; 5Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yifeng Du, Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-531-68776354, Fax +86-531-68773274, Email du-yifeng@hotmail.comPurpose: We explore the associations of individual and composite cardiovascular health metrics with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia among rural-dwelling older adults and the potential age variations in their associations.Patients and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study included 4980 older adults (age ≥ 65 years; 57.23% women) from the baseline examination of MIND-China. In March–September 2018, data were collected via face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory test. We defined six cardiovascular health metrics according to the modified American Heart Association’s recommendations. We diagnosed dementia and its subtypes following the international criteria. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models.Results: Of all the participants, 250 were diagnosed with dementia, including 165 with Alzheimer’s disease and 75 with vascular dementia. Ideal composite global cardiovascular health metrics (vs poor composite metrics) were associated with a multi-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.62 (0.42– 0.93) for dementia, 0.88 (0.52– 1.48) for Alzheimer’s disease, and 0.31 (0.16– 0.60) for vascular dementia. Moreover, ideal biological cardiovascular health metrics were associated with multi-adjusted odds ratio of 0.52 (0.28– 0.95) for dementia and 0.21 (0.06– 0.77) for vascular dementia in young–old adults (65– 74 years), whereas ideal behavioral cardiovascular health metrics were associated with multi-adjusted odds ratio of 0.48 (0.26– 0.89) for dementia and 0.16 (0.06– 0.43) for vascular dementia in old–old adults (≥ 75 years).Conclusion: Our results suggest that ideal cardiovascular health metrics are cross-sectionally associated with a low likelihood of dementia and vascular dementia among rural-dwelling older Chinese adults. The associations vary with age, components of cardiovascular health metrics, and dementia subtypes.Keywords: cardiovascular health, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, population-based study

Peatlands store substantial amounts of carbon and are vulnerable to climate change. We present a modified version of the Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) land surface model for simulating the hydrology, surface energy, and CO2 fluxes of peatlands on daily to annual timescales. The model includes a separate soil tile in each 0.5° grid cell, defined from a global peatland map and identified with peat-specific soil hydraulic properties. Runoff from non-peat vegetation within a grid cell containing a fraction of peat is routed to this peat soil tile, which maintains shallow water tables. The water table position separates oxic from anoxic decomposition. The model was evaluated against eddy-covariance (EC) observations from 30 northern peatland sites, with the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax) being optimized at each site. Regarding short-term day-to-day variations, the model performance was good for gross primary production (GPP) (r2 Combining double low line 0.76; Nash-Sutcliffe modeling efficiency, MEF Combining double low line 0.76) and ecosystem respiration (ER, r2 Combining double low line 0.78, MEF Combining double low line 0.75), with lesser accuracy for latent heat fluxes (LE, r2 Combining double low line 0.42, MEF Combining double low line 0.14) and and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE, r2 Combining double low line 0.38, MEF Combining double low line 0.26). Seasonal variations in GPP, ER, NEE, and energy fluxes on monthly scales showed moderate to high r2 values (0.57-0.86). For spatial across-site gradients of annual mean GPP, ER, NEE, and LE, r2 values of 0.93, 0.89, 0.27, and 0.71 were achieved, respectively. Water table (WT) variation was not well predicted (r2

Radial pre-swirl systems are widely applied in the aviation industry to supply cooling air to high-pressure turbine blades in aircraft engines. The efficiency of the film cooling can significantly decline when the air pressure is insufficient. This study explored the synergistic optimization of pre-swirl nozzles and receiver holes to improve the pressure ratio of a radial pre-swirl system. To attain this objective, we established a surrogate model using an artificial neural network and adopted the particle swarm optimization algorithm to pinpoint the optimized geometric parameters within the defined design scope. The results revealed that the optimal performance was achieved when the pre-swirl-nozzle tangential angle reached 40.4368°, the receiver-hole axial angle reached 2.0286°, and the tangential angle reached 30°. Additionally, multiple computational simulations were performed under diverse operational conditions to validate the efficacy of this optimization. The results revealed a significant enhancement in the pressure-boosting efficiency of the radial pre-swirl system, with negligible impact on temperature increment. The optimized model exhibited a 16.93% higher pressure ratio and 1.6% higher temperature ratio than the baseline model. This improvement can be attributed to enhancements in the flow field and reductions in local losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Danqi Chen,1 Ying Qin,2 Mengmeng Dai,1 Lulu Li,1 Hongpeng Liu,2 Yaoyao Zhou,3 Cheng Qiu,3 Yan Chen,1 Yuyang Jiang1,4 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Personalized Anti-Tumor Drugs, Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan Chen; Yuyang Jiang Tel/Fax +86-755-26036017Email yanchen16@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn; jiangyy@sz.tsinghua.edu.cnPurpose: We explored specific expression profiles of BGN and COL11A1 genes and studied their biological functions in CRC using bioinformatics tools.Patients and Methods: A total of 68 pairs of cancer and non-cancerous tissues from CRC patients were enrolled in this study. Methods we used in this articles including: qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, ELISA, GO and KEGG regulatory network analysis, tumor infiltration, luciferase reporter-based protein and etc.Results: According to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, BGN and COL11A1 expression levels were significantly higher in CRC patient samples than in samples from healthy controls. Moreover, levels were much higher in late-stage CRC than in early-stage disease, warranting evaluation of these genes as CRC prognostic biomarkers. Subsequently, qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and ELISA results obtained from analyses of CRC cells, tissues, and patient sera aligned with TCGA results. GO and KEGG regulatory network analysis revealed BGN- and COL11A1-associated genes that were functionally related to extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor pathway activation, with transcription factor genes RELA and NFKB1 positively associated with BGN expression and CEBPZ and SIRT1 with COL11A1 expression. Meanwhile, BGN and COL11A1 expression were separately and significantly correlated to tumor infiltration by six immune cell types. Additionally, kinase genes PLK1 and LYN appeared to be downstream targets of differentially expressed BGN and COL11A1, respectively. In addition, the expression of PLK1 mRNA was down-regulated while BGN was down-regulated. Finally, BGN effects on CRC cell proliferation, cycle, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were studied using molecular biological methods, including luciferase reporter-based protein analysis, qRT-PCR, and Western blot results, which revealed that miR-6828-5p may regulate BGN expression.Conclusion: We speculate that the use of BGN and COL11A1 as CRC biomarkers would improve CRC staging, while also providing several novel targets for use in the development of more effective CRC treatments.Keywords: colorectal cancer, COL11A1, BGN, PLK-1, miR-6828-5p

Chunxiao Wang,* Zesheng Shi,* Zhongshi Hong, Jianpeng Pan, Zhichuan Chen, Chengzhi Qiu, Haibin Zhuang, Xuecong Zheng Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhongshi Hong Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 Zhongshan North Road, Licheng District, Quanzhou 362000 Fujian Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13859776152Email hongzhongshi@163.comPurpose: LACTB, regulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs), is proven to be a tumor suppressor. However, there are few reports that LACTB in colon cancer cells is regulated by miRNA. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the miRNAs that regulate LACTB in colon cancer.Patients and Methods: Data from TCGA were analyzed in starBase and GEPIA2, and Western blot and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used to detect the expression of LACTB in colon cancer cell lines. MiRNAs targeting LACTB were predicted by MicroT-CDS, starBase, miRDB, mirDIP, and DIANA. The relationship between LACTB and miRNA was explored by dual-luciferase assay. MTT, propidium iodide (PI), Western blot, Annexin V-FITC/PI Kit, qPCR and transwell assay were used to detect the changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and invasiveness in colon cancer cells that overexpressed miR-1276 and/or LACTB.Results: The results showed that the LACTB mRNA level was lower and the miR-1276 level was higher in colon cancer than in normal tissue. MiR-1276 inhibited the expression of LACTB. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-1276 in colon cancer cells increased proliferation, migration, invasiveness and EMT, and decreased autophagy and apoptosis. Supplementing LACTB suppressed these effects of miR-1276.Conclusion: In conclusion, miR-1276, which may be a potential therapy for colon cancer, inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis by targeting LACTB in colon cancer cells.Keywords: microRNA, colonic neoplasms, cell proliferation, LACTB, miR-1276

Jie Li, Chen Qiu, Peng Xu, Yongzhen Lu, Rongchang Chen Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jie Li; Rongchang ChenKey Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail ljszry2018@126.com; chenrc@vip.163.comObjective: The present study was conducted to elucidate the protective effect of Casticin against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats.Methods: The COPD in rats was induced by the controlled cigarette smoke, and CST (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) was injected into the cigarette-smoke exposed rats. Blood was taken from the abdominal vein and centrifuged (1500×g, 4°C, 15min); plasma was collected and used for the determination of various biochemical parameters.Results: The results of the study suggested that CST significantly improved the lung functions of the rats in a dose-dependent manner. It also causes a reduction of white blood cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in BALF of rats. The plasma level of leptin and C-reactive protein together with pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were also significantly restored to near to normal in CST-treated group. In Western blot analysis, CST causes significant inhibition of the NF-ĸB and iNOS pathway.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the CST protects lungs against COPD via improving lung functions and inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation.Keywords: COPD, Casticin, smoke, inflammation, oxidative stress, NF-ĸB

Chen Qiu,1– 3,* Xin Zhang,3,4,* Bin Huang,3,4 Shuai Wang,3,4 Wenjing Zhou,3,4 Chao Li,3,4 Xingang Li,3,4 Jian Wang,3– 5 Ning Yang3,4,6 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 4Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 5K. G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 6Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ning Yang Email yangning@sdu.edu.cnIntroduction: Disulfiram (DSF), a drug used in the treatment of alcoholism since 1948, has been shown to have antitumor properties in various tumor types possibly due to the induction of a type cell death, ferroptosis, and the sensitization of cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. In this study, we explored the antitumor properties of DSF in glioblastoma (GBM) and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods: GBM cell lines U251 and LN229 were treated with DSF to assess cytotoxicity and activity of the molecule in vitro. Response of cells to treatment was examined using cell viability, flow cytometry, LDH release assay, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis.Results: DSF inhibited cell growth of GBM U251 and LN229 cell lines in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry demonstrated that DSF caused G0-G1 growth arrest. DSF treatment led to increased ROS and lipid peroxidation levels relative to controls indicating the involvement of ferroptosis. Furthermore, DSF triggered lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), a critical mechanism promoting cell death, in a ROS-dependent manner. Finally, DSF enhanced radiosensitivity of U251 and LN229 cells.Discussion: Our findings indicated that DSF induced ferroptosis and LMP and enhanced the radiosensitivity of GBM cells. Therefore, DSF might have efficient antitumor activity in the treatment of human GBM.Keywords: disulfiram, ferroptosis, lysosomal membrane permeabilization, ROS, glioblastoma

Chengjiang Qiu,1 Kairui Liu,1 Sheng Zhang,1 Simin Gao,2 Weirun Chen,1 Dateng Li,3 Youxing Huang1 1Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Statistical Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USACorrespondence: Youxing HuangDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-13632255441Fax + 86-20-39318790Email waiqike7@163.comBackground: Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a stable bioactive ingredient in curcuminoids, is associated with various antitumor functions, such as proliferation inhibition, metastasis suppression and apoptosis induction, in many cancer types. However, the mechanism of BDMC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.Methods: We assessed the toxicity and the inhibitory effect of BDMC in the HepG2 cell line by using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The regulatory effects of BDMC on Akt and MAPK signaling were investigated by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation.Results: We found that the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BDMC after 48 hrs of treatment was 59.13 μM, and BDMC inhibited proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. The inhibitory effect was caused by the inactivation of Akt signaling, but not Erk, Jnk or p38 signaling. In addition, the inactivation of Akt signaling was attributed to the inhibition of ubiquitination mediated by K63-Ub but not K48-Ub. Furthermore, we found that BDMC upregulated the expression of CYLD, leading to Akt deubiquitination and inactivation.Conclusion: BDMC inhibited HCC cell proliferation, and that this effect was induced by Akt inactivation via CYLD-mediated deubiquitination.Keywords: bisdemethoxycurcumin, hepatocellular carcinoma, proliferation, deubiquitination