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Calf diarrhea is one of the most serious diseases in the dairy industry, which has caused huge economic losses to the worldwide dairy industry, including China. We conducted a meta-analysis to systematical assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of diarrhea among dairy calves in China. The China Science and Technology Journal, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang and Pub Med databases were systematically searched from the inception dates to April 30, 2022, using keywords of prevalence, diarrhea, calves, key factors, determinants, related factors, causes, etiology, prevalence, epidemiology and China. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate 95% Cis using random-effects models. 35 studies reporting the prevalence of dairy calves' diarrhea in China were selected upon our inclusion criterion. The pooled diarrhea prevalence in dairy calves in China was estimated to be 27.2% (95% CI 24.2-30.2). The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the highest prevalence rate was found in Northeast China, followed by Northwest China and East China and the lowest two regions were Northern and central China. The main cause of diarrhea in calves is bacteria, the second is virus and the third is a parasite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the correlation between fatty liver index (FLI) and myocardial remodeling. Methods: For cross-sectional study, cluster sampling was used to conduct a follow-up study of "Risk evaluation of cancers in Chinese diabetic individuals: A longitudinal (REACTION) study" among communities of Gucheng and Pingguoyuan of Beijing from April 2015 to September 2015. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 848 participants were selected. Biochemical indicators such as body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were detected to calculate the FLI. The correlation between FLI and myocardial remodeling was analyzed. Interventricular septal thickness (IVS), left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and the presence of diastolic dysfunction were measured by color doppler ultrasound. The participants were divided into Q1 group (FLI<30, 4 529 cases), Q2 group (30≤FLI<60, 2 762 cases), and Q3 group (FLI≥60, 1 557 cases) based on FLI levels. Single factor analysis of variance was used for inter-group comparison, logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between FLI and myocardial remodeling. Results: A total of 8 848 subjects were selected for the study (3 110 male and 5 738 female, mean age: 59.96 years). The IVS of Q1, Q2, and Q3 groups were (9.35±1.08), (9.73±1.22), and (10.07±1.31) mm, respectively. The LAD were (30.94±3.90), (33.37±4.12), and (34.98±4.47) mm, respectively. The LVEDD were (42.51±5.05), (44.43±5.10), and (46.06±5.52) mm, respectively. All increased with the increase of FLI (all P <0.001). FLI was an independent risk factor for IVS thickening, LAD increase, LVEDD increase, and diastolic function decrease. The respective risks for IVS thickening, LAD increase, LVEDD increase, and diastolic function decrease in a population with intermediate and higher FLI levels was 1.62 times (95% CI 1.39-1.89) and 2.53 times (95% CI 2.13-3.00); 2.71 times (95% CI 2.39-3.06) and 5.00 times (95% CI 4.12-6.08); 2.36 times (95% CI 1.85-3.00) and 4.33 times (95% CI 3.33-5.62); and 1.90 times (95% CI 1.63-2.19) and 1.95 times (95% CI 1.60-2.37) than those with lower FLI levels. Conclusion: There is a certain relevance between FLI and myocardial remodeling.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the incidence, disease burden, and trend of intraocular foreign bodies in China from 1990 to 2019, and to analyze the trend of changes in age, period, and cohort of Chinese men. Methods: The data related to the incidence rate and disease burden of intraocular foreign bodies in China from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD database) on the website of the Institute for Health Indicators and Evaluation (IHME) of the University of Washington, United States, and the annual percentage rate change (AAPC) of intraocular foreign bodies in China was calculated using the Joinpoint software to describe the long-term trend of their incidence rate and disease burden over time. Using Stata17 software, an age period cohort model was constructed to analyze the age, period, and cohort factors affecting intraocular foreign bodies in men. Results: In 2019, the incidence rate of intraocular foreign bodies in China was 791.20/100 000, and the DALY rate was 10.32/100 000, with an average annual decline rate of 1.70% and 1.48% respectively. In 2019, the number of cases of intraocular foreign bodies in China was 11.253 6 million, and the DALY was 1 812.29 million person years. Among them, the incidence and disease burden of intraocular foreign bodies in men were more severe than those in women, and the incidence and disease burden risk of intraocular foreign bodies in men aged 30-35 and 45-50 were the highest. The incidence and disease burden risk of intraocular foreign bodies in elderly men gradually increased. Conclusions: As a common ophthalmic disease, the incidence of intraocular foreign bodies and the DALY rate are declining, but the disease burden is increasing. With the aging of the population, the incidence of intraocular foreign bodies in the elderly will further increase in the future, which should be considered by policy makers. The findings of this study can help governments and healthcare planners formulate practical and targeted policy responses.

Objective: To observe the effect of febuxostat on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of kidney tubules and the levels of serum IL-6 nad transforming growth factor (TGF)β(1) in hyperuricemic rats. Methods: Forty male SD rats were divided into 4 groups: normal control group (NC group), oteracil potassium group (OP group), oteracil potassium with febuxostat group (OF group) and oteracil potassium with benzbromarone group (OB group). Each group had 10 rats and balanced in body weights. To induce hyperuricemia, rats were given oteracil potassium by gastric gavage once a day for eight weeks. Rats in OF group and OB group were given either febuxostat or benbromarone starting with oteracil potassium, and rats in NC group was given saline only. Blood samples were taken before, and at the end of 4 and 8 weeks of the treatments and serum uric acid, creatinine, blood usea nitrogen(BUN), IL-6 and TGFβ(1) contents were measured at each time point. Renal pathological changes were observed via HE and Masson staining, and the expression of α-SMA and E-cadherin were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with those in NC group, the levels of serum uric acid, creatinine, BUN, IL-6 and TGFβ(1) in the another three groups were increased significantly (all P <0.01). However, the IL-6 and TGFβ(1) contents in OF group were much lower than those in OP group ( P <0.01). HE and Masson staining showed that OF group had less damage and tubulointerstitial fibrosis than OP group and OB group ( P <0.01). Moreover, the expression of α-SMA was significantly down-regulated ( P <0.01) and that of E-cadherin was significantly up-regulated in OF group compared with those in OP group. Conclusion: Febuxostat treatment significantly inhibited EMT and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TGFβ(1) in hyperuricemia rats.