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Due to the chemical properties of Group VIII transition metals and their importance in catalytic processes, the reactions of rhodium and its neighboring organic complexes have received much attention as model systems. In the present experiments, we successfully prepared two new rhodium complexes named [Rh(cod)(TTP)Cl] and [Rh(cod)(CDP)Cl] using tri(o-tolyl)phosphine and clohexyldiphenylphosphine as ligands, respectively, and the proofs of their structures were completed using 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Subsequently, it was applied to the polymerization reaction of phenylacetylene (PA), and the effects of different solvents, time, and temperature on the yield and molecular weight of the polymerization reaction products were discussed. The experimental results show that both complexes can play a catalytic role in the polymerization of PA. From the point of view of polymer molecular weight, the best reaction conditions for both catalysts were 3 h at 20°C in THF solvent (molecular weight up to 2.40 × 105). From the point of view of yield, the best reaction conditions for both catalysts were 4 h at 35°C in THF solvent (yield up to 89.2%).

Biogas is a type of biomass energy source, primarily composed of methane and carbon dioxide. It is generated through the controlled anaerobic digestion of manure or other organic residues. As a cleaner alternative to conventional fuels, fully purified biogas can produce approximately 36.68 MJ/m3 of en.ergy. As the separation of CO2/CH4 in biogas became an important part of the energy industry, we used membrane separation technique to study its separation methods. At first, 3,3′‐dihydroxy‐4,4′‐diamino‐biphenyl (HAB) and 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) were polymerized by open‐loop as polyamide acid macromolecules. Then it was divided into two research routes. One was condensation to polyimide (PI) membranes directly and then thermal rearrangement (TR); the other one was ionic liquid (IL) added before condensation and thermal rearrangement. Through adjusting the thermal rearrangement temperature, different modified polyimide membranes were obtained and tested their separation performance of CO2/CH4. For the result of the test, the best one, membrane HAB‐6FDA‐IL‐TR400, could reach a good separation performance as PCO2 = 403.80 Barrer, αCO2/CH4 = 82.35. It was beyond the Robeson's 2019 upper limit and proved that the modification by IL and thermal rearrangement was benefit for the separation performance of polyimide membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new rhodium complex [Rh(cod)(TTT)2] was synthesized by [Rh(cod)Cl]2 as a precursor, and 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trianiline (TTT) as a ligand. Its structure was verified by 1H and 13C NMR. The results indicate that the complex shows high activity in phenylacetylene polymerization. It was applied to the polymerization of phenylacetylene with a yield of 45.0% and Mw = 2.26×105 at ultra-low rhodium feed ratio ([Rh.]/[M.]=1/60000). A new rhodium complex [Rh(cod)(TTT)2] was synthesized by [Rh(cod)Cl]2 as a precursor, and 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trianiline (TTT) as a ligand. It was applied to the polymerization of phenylacetylene with a yield of 45.0% and Mw = 2.26×105 at ultra-low rhodium feed ratio ([Rh.]/[M.]=1/60000 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imidazole ionic liquids (ILs) have good affinity and good solubility for carbon dioxide (CO2). Such ionic liquids, combined with polyimide membrane materials, can solve the problem that, today, CO2 is difficult to separate and recover. In this study, the ionic liquid (IL) of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL1), 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL2), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL3), and 1-dodecylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL4) with different contents were added to a polyimide matrix, and a series of polyimide membranes blended with ionic liquid were prepared using a high-speed mixer. The mechanical properties and gas separation permeability of the membranes were investigated. Among them, the selectivity of the PI/IL3 membrane for CO2/CH4 was 180.55, which was 2.5 times higher than the PI membrane, and its CO2 permeability was 16.25 Barrer, which exceeded the Robeson curve in 2008; the separation performance of the membrane was the best in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study reports a rare case of skin metastasis in a 26-year-old female patient with a history of PTC positive for the BRAFV600E mutation. During the 2.5-year follow-up period after the initial surgical treatment of PTC, no evidence of distant metastasis was found via thyroglobulin measurements, neck ultrasound, or neck and chest computed tomography. However, following this period, the patient reported two skin nodules on the left side of the neck. Ultrasound-guided punch biopsy was performed, and the pathology results demonstrated that the patient had skin metastases from the PTC. The patient received surgical resection and complete removal of nodules, and was subsequently discharged from the hospital. A literature review showed that there are numerous potential mechanisms for skin metastasis, and the treatments are diverse and dependent on the patient condition. While surgical treatment may effectively improve patient symptoms and prognosis, long-term surveillance for recurrence is recommended for high-risk cases. Skin metastasis of PTC should be suspected in patients who develop an upper body skin lesion with a history of PTC, even without evidence of disease metastasis. For high-risk patients with skin metastasis of PTC with BRAF and TERT gene mutations, long-term surveillance for recurrence should be recommended in cases with a poor prognosis, and further research of these cases should be conducted in the future to optimize surgical and medical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expression levels of autophagy-related genes ARHI and Beclin1 in thyroid cancer and their relationship with clinical pathology and prognosis were investigated. The expression levels of ARHI and Beclin1 proteins in 80 cases of thyroid cancer and adjacent tissues were detected by western blot analysis. According to the expression levels of ARHI and Beclin1, low- and high-expression groups were determined and the relationship of the expression levels with the pathological parameters and prognosis in thyroid cancer was compared between the two groups. The correlation between the ARHI and Beclin1 protein expression level was analyzed by Pearsons correlation analysis. The levels of ARHI and Beclin1 proteins in thyroid cancer tissues were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression levels of ARHI and Beclin1 in terms of pathological stage and differentiation degree of cancer tissues (P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference in the expression levels of ARHI and Beclin1 for different types of cancer tissues (P>0 05). There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of Beclin1 and ARHI (r=0.5187, P<0.001). The 3-year survival rates of patients with low-expression level of ARHI and Beclin1 proteins were significantly lower than those of patients with high expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, the expression levels of Beclin1 and ARHI were low in thyroid cancer, and were significantly associated with the pathological stage, differentiation degree and prognosis in thyroid cancer. Beclin1 and ARHI can be used as predictors for the development and prognosis of thyroid cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of total endoscopic thyroidectomy (TET) via breast areola approach in the treatment of early differentiated thyroid cancer., Methods: The clinical data of 134 patients with early differentiated thyroid cancer were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent different treatments, including TET via breast areola approach in endoscope group (n=67), and conventional small incision open surgery in control group (n=67). The surgery-related indexes, complications, postoperative incision recovery, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, postoperative patients' satisfaction, tumor recurrence and survival conditions were compared between the two groups., Results: Compared with control group, the endoscope group showed significantly longer operation time, smaller intraoperative bleeding, less postoperative drainage, shorter duration of postoperative catheter indwelling and shorter postoperative length of stay. Meanwhile, in the endoscope group, the postoperative VAS pain score was markedly lower than that in control group, and the postoperative patients' satisfaction was higher than that in control group. The neurological severity score (NSS) had statistically significant differences between the two groups at 3 months and 6 months after operation. Moreover, no tumor recurrence and metastasis were found during the follow-up period., Conclusions: TET via breast areola approach is safe and effective in the treatment of early differentiated thyroid cancer, and it can achieve a better cosmetic effect and high satisfaction of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.