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The aim of this paper is to analyze the results of the implementation of several parallelization techniques for the metaheuristics applied to the p-median problem. Further analysis showed: constraints on the number of processors used because of the network technology, advantages in the use of multiprocessors and the penalty in performance when using intensive communications strategies. Moreover, within the optimization using heuristics there is always an implicit balance between speed in obtaining a solution and the quality of it, which suggests the use of hybrid strategies that exploit the best of each. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]